Prosanta Chakrabarty: Clues to prehistoric times, found in blind cavefish
프로산타 챠크라바티(Prosanta Chakrabarty): 멕시코 장님 물고기에서 선사시대의 흔적을 찾다
Prosanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
"you only live once,"
라는 뜻인 걸 아실 겁니다.
what I always dreamt of doing:
일생을 바칠 겁니다.
and discovering new species.
새로운 종을 발견하는 일에요.
on caves for finding new species.
동굴을 집중적으로 연구했습니다.
cavefish species out there.
동굴어(魚)종이 있다는 걸 알아냈죠.
a lot about biology and geology.
많은 걸 알려줄 수 있어요.
around them have changed and moved
주변의 육지가 어떻게 바뀌고
the evolution of sight, by being blind.
시각의 진화에 대해서도 알려줍니다.
that are essentially the same as ours.
눈을 가지고 있습니다.
a fish species starts to adapt
수많은 세대를 거쳐서
they lose their eyes and their eyesight
시각과 눈을 잃게됩니다.
cavefish like this one here.
동굴어처럼 되어버립니다.
has evolved in a slightly different way,
다른 방식으로 진화했습니다.
and biological story to tell us,
지질학적, 생물학적 역사가 있어요.
when we find a new species.
신나는 일입니다.
we described, from southern Indiana.
새로운 어종입니다.
the Hoosier cavefish.
(인디애나 주의 별명이 시골)
are cavefishes in Kentucky,
캔터키의 마모스 동굴에 사는
when the Ohio River split them
오하이오 강이 갈라놨을 때
these subtle differences
맹안 속의 유전적 구조에서
behind their blindness.
that's super-critical for sight.
로돕신이라는 유전자가 있는데
다 갖고 있습니다.
all function in that gene,
기능을 몽땅 상실했고
natural experiment
시력의 근본 원리와
behind our vision,
관찰할 수 있는
about deep geological time,
than in this species here.
we described from Madagascar
발견한 새로운 종입니다.
로 지었습니다.
'큰 질병'을 뜻합니다.
to collect this species.
아팠었다는 것을 의미합니다.
full of dead things
박쥐 똥이 가득한 동굴을
be doing with your life,
인생은 한 번 뿐이잖아요.
that it tried to kill us,
죽이려 했었는데도 사랑합니다.
this species in Madagascar,
가장 가까운 친척이
are 6,000 kilometers away,
동굴어이기 때문입니다.
freshwater cavefish
동굴어가 인도양을 헤엄쳐
the DNA of these species
1억년 전보다 훨씬 이전에
for more than 100 million years,
가장 마지막 시기에
continents were last together.
알게 되었습니다.
didn't move at all.
움직이지 않은 겁니다.
시간을 측정하는
these ancient geological events.
제공해줍니다.
to tell you its name yet,
it's a new species from Mexico,
아마 이미 멸종되었을 거라는 건
the only known cave system it's from
인근에 댐이 건설되면서
파괴되었기 때문입니다.
this species' closest relative, yet.
아직 모릅니다.
anything else in Mexico,
아닌 것 같습니다.
물고기일 것 같습니다.
something new about the geology
캐리비안 해의 지질학적 역사나
of how to better diagnose
진단할 수 있는 생물학적 방법에 대해
before it goes extinct too.
발견할 수 있기를 바랍니다.
trying to discover and save
장님 동굴어들을 발견하고
about the geology of the planet
지구의 지질학적 역사에 대해
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Prosanta Chakrabarty - IchthyologistProsanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet.
Why you should listen
Dr. Prosanta Chakrabarty is an Associate Professor and Curator of Fishes at the Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Science at Louisiana State University.
Chakrabarty is a systematist and an ichthyologist studying the evolution and biogeography of both freshwater and marine fishes. His work includes studies of Neotropical (Central and South America, Caribbean) and Indo-West Pacific (Indian and Western Pacific Ocean) fishes. His natural history collecting efforts include trips to Japan, Australia, Taiwan, Madagascar, Panama, Kuwait and many other countries. He has discovered over a dozen new species including new anglerfishes and cavefishes.
The LSU Museum of Natural Science fish collection that Chakrabarty oversees includes nearly half a million fish specimens and nearly 10,000 DNA samples covering most major groups of fishes. He earned his PhD at the University of Michigan and his undergraduate degree is from McGill University in Montreal. He has written two books including A Guide to Academia: Getting into and Surviving Grad School, Postdocs and a Research Job. He is also a former Program Director at the National Science Foundation. He was named a TED Fellow in 2016 and a TED Senior Fellow in 2018.
Prosanta Chakrabarty | Speaker | TED.com