Prosanta Chakrabarty: Clues to prehistoric times, found in blind cavefish
Prosanta Čakrabartijs: Aklo alu zivju norādes par aizvēsturiskiem laikiem
Prosanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
ir visai aizraujoša,
"you only live once,"
„tu dzīvo tikai vienreiz”,
what I always dreamt of doing:
ko vienmēr esmu sapņojis darīt:
and discovering new species.
un atklājot jaunas sugas.
on caves for finding new species.
esmu jo īpaši pievērsies alām.
cavefish species out there.
jaunu alu zivju sugu.
a lot about biology and geology.
par bioloģiju un ģeoloģiju.
around them have changed and moved
un pārvietojušies zemes masīvi,
the evolution of sight, by being blind.
jo pašas ir aklas.
that are essentially the same as ours.
ir tādas pašas kā mūsējās.
a fish species starts to adapt
un ikreiz, kad kāda zivju suga
aukstajiem alu apstākļiem
they lose their eyes and their eyesight
tās zaudē acis un spēju redzēt
cavefish like this one here.
kā, piemēram, šī te.
has evolved in a slightly different way,
ir attīstījusies mazliet citādi,
and biological story to tell us,
ģeoloģijas un bioloģijas stāsts,
when we find a new species.
atklāt jaunas sugas.
we described, from southern Indiana.
mūsu aprakstītajām sugām –
the Hoosier cavefish.
Hužēra alu zivs.
are cavefishes in Kentucky,
ir alu zivis Kentuki,
when the Ohio River split them
these subtle differences
sīkas atšķirības
behind their blindness.
that's super-critical for sight.
kas ir ārkārtīgi būtisks redzei.
all function in that gene,
ir pilnībā zaudējis funkcionalitāti,
natural experiment
dabas radīts eksperiments,
behind our vision,
par mūsu redzi atbildīgos gēnus
ģeoloģiskajiem laikiem –
about deep geological time,
than in this species here.
iespējams, tieši šī suga.
we described from Madagascar
tas nozīmē „lielā slimība” –
to collect this species.
ievācot šīs sugas eksemplārus.
full of dead things
pilnos krāteros
be doing with your life,
ko ar savu dzīvi varētu pasākt,
that it tried to kill us,
ka tā mēģināja mūs nogalināt,
this species in Madagascar,
tuvākie radinieki,
are 6,000 kilometers away,
dzīvo 6000 km attālumā.
freshwater cavefish
saldūdens alu zivs
the DNA of these species
for more than 100 million years,
pirms vairāk nekā 100 miljoniem gadu,
continents were last together.
vēl bija viens vesels.
didn't move at all.
izveidot precīzu modeli
these ancient geological events.
un izvietošanai uz laika skalas.
to tell you its name yet,
it's a new species from Mexico,
ka tā ir jauna suga no Meksikas
the only known cave system it's from
jo tās vienīgo zināmo alu sistēmu
this species' closest relative, yet.
kur mīt šīs sugas tuvākie radinieki.
anything else in Mexico,
var mums atklāt kaut ko jaunu
something new about the geology
of how to better diagnose
zināmas akluma formas.
before it goes extinct too.
pirms arī tā izmirst.
trying to discover and save
about the geology of the planet
par mūsu planētas ģeoloģiju
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Prosanta Chakrabarty - IchthyologistProsanta Chakrabarty studies fish to help explain the evolution of human beings and our planet.
Why you should listen
Dr. Prosanta Chakrabarty is an Associate Professor and Curator of Fishes at the Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Science at Louisiana State University.
Chakrabarty is a systematist and an ichthyologist studying the evolution and biogeography of both freshwater and marine fishes. His work includes studies of Neotropical (Central and South America, Caribbean) and Indo-West Pacific (Indian and Western Pacific Ocean) fishes. His natural history collecting efforts include trips to Japan, Australia, Taiwan, Madagascar, Panama, Kuwait and many other countries. He has discovered over a dozen new species including new anglerfishes and cavefishes.
The LSU Museum of Natural Science fish collection that Chakrabarty oversees includes nearly half a million fish specimens and nearly 10,000 DNA samples covering most major groups of fishes. He earned his PhD at the University of Michigan and his undergraduate degree is from McGill University in Montreal. He has written two books including A Guide to Academia: Getting into and Surviving Grad School, Postdocs and a Research Job. He is also a former Program Director at the National Science Foundation. He was named a TED Fellow in 2016 and a TED Senior Fellow in 2018.
Prosanta Chakrabarty | Speaker | TED.com