ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Aziza Chaouni - Architect + ecotourism specialist
Aziza Chaouni focuses on projects that integrate architecture and landscape, and that ultimately give back to their communities. For years, she has worked to revive the Fez River, which runs through her hometown of Fez, Morocco.

Why you should listen

Civil engineer and architect Aziza Chaouni creates sustainable, built environments in the developing world, focusing on the deserts of the Middle East. Chaouni’s design philosophy holds that it is not enough for sustainable buildings to have zero impact—they must give back to the community on social, economic, infrastructural and environmental levels too. The founding principal of Aziza Chaouni Projects, she collaborates closely with local communities and experts from other disciplines to integrate architecture, landscape and infrastructure in innovative ways.

Born and raised in Fez, Morocco, Chaouni has long found herself fascinated with the Fez River, which winds through the city's ancient Medina. Once considered the city's soul, sending water to both public and private fountains, in the 1950s, the stream started to become a toxic sewer because of overcrowding, over-development and pollution. The city responded by covering the river over with concrete slabs, bit by bit, in the process destroying houses and creating dumping grounds. When Fez received a grant to divert and clean the river's water, Chaouni proposed the Fez River Project to uncover the river, restore its riverbanks and create pedestrian pathways. Her vision: to reclaim these areas as public spaces and reconnect them to the rest of the city.

A project that Chaouni has been working on for two decades, her mission to transform the Fez River began with her thesis in graduate school and has continued throughout her career. Over the course of years, the river is gradually being uncovered—illegal parking lots are being transformed into playgrounds, trees and vegetation are being planted to create public spaces. Overall, the project is revitalizing Fez as a living city.

 

More profile about the speaker
Aziza Chaouni | Speaker | TED.com
TED2014

Aziza Chaouni: How I brought a river, and my city, back to life

Aziza Chaouni: Como eu trouxe um rio, e minha cidade, de volta à vida.

Filmed:
732,804 views

O rio Fez serpenteia através da medina de Fez, Marrocos - uma cidade medieval em forma de labirinto que é um Patrimônio Mundial da Humanidade. Uma vez considerado a "alma" desta celebrada cidade, o rio sucumbiu por conta do esgoto e poluição, e, na década de 1950, foi coberto pouco a pouco até que nada restasse. A TED Fellow Aziza Chaouni reconta seus 20 anos de esforços para restaurar este rio à sua antiga glória, e transformar sua cidade no processo.
- Architect + ecotourism specialist
Aziza Chaouni focuses on projects that integrate architecture and landscape, and that ultimately give back to their communities. For years, she has worked to revive the Fez River, which runs through her hometown of Fez, Morocco. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I would like to share with you today
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Gostaria de contar a vocês hoje
00:14
a project that has changed how I approach
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um projeto que mudou a maneira que abordo
00:16
and practice architecture:
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e pratico arquitetura:
00:18
the Fez River Rehabilitation Project.
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O projeto de reabilitação do rio Fez.
00:21
My hometown of Fez, Morocco,
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Minha terra natal, Fez, Marrocos,
00:23
boasts one of the largest walled
medieval cities in the world,
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possui uma das maiores
cidades medievais muradas do mundo,
00:27
called the medina, nestled in a river valley.
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chamada Medina, situada em um vale do rio.
00:30
The entire city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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A cidade toda é considerada patrimônio
mundial da humanidade pela UNESCO.
00:33
Since the 1950s, as the
population of the medina grew,
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Desde a década de 1950,
com o aumento da população de Medina,
00:37
basic urban infrastructure
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as infraestruturas urbanas básicas
00:39
such as green open spaces and sewage
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como áreas verdes abertas e esgoto,
00:42
quickly changed and got highly stressed.
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rapidamente mudaram
e tornaram-se altamente degradadas.
00:47
One of the biggest casualties of the situation
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Uma das maiores vítimas da situação
00:50
was the Fez River, which bisects
the medina in its middle
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foi o rio Fez, que divide a Medina ao meio
00:54
and has been considered for many centuries
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e tem sido considerado por muitos séculos
00:57
as the city's very soul.
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a alma da cidade.
00:59
In fact, one can witness the presence
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De fato, pode-se testemunhar a presença
01:01
of the river's extensive water network
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da rede extensa de água do rio
01:05
all throughout the city,
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por toda a cidade,
01:06
in places such as private and public fountains.
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em lugares como
fontes públicas e privadas.
01:10
Unfortunately, because of the pollution of the river,
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Infelizmente, devido à poluição do rio,
01:13
it has been covered little by little
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ele foi sendo coberto, pouco a pouco,
01:16
by concrete slabs since 1952.
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por lajes de concreto desde 1952.
01:19
This process of erasure was coupled
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Esse processo de eliminação foi acoplado
01:22
with the destruction of many houses
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com a destruição de muitas casas
01:24
along the river banks
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ao longo das margens do rio
01:26
to be able to make machineries
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possibilitando que maquinarias
01:28
enter the narrow pedestrian network of the medina.
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adentrarem a estreita rede
de pedestres da Medina.
01:33
Those urban voids quickly became illegal parking
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Aqueles vazios urbanos
logo se tornaram estacionamentos ilegais
01:36
or trash yards.
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ou depósitos de lixo.
01:38
Actually, the state of the river
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Na verdade, a situação do rio
01:40
before entering the medina is pretty healthy.
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antes de entrar na cidade
é muito saudável.
01:43
Then pollution takes its toll,
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A poluição acontece,
01:45
mainly due to untreated sewage
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principalmente por conta
de esgoto não tratado
01:48
and chemical dumping from crafts such as tanning.
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e despejo de produtos químicos
usados no artesanato, como o curtume.
01:51
At some point, I couldn't bear
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Em algum ponto, não pude suportar
01:53
the desecration of the river,
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a profanação do rio,
01:55
such an important part of my city,
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uma parte tão importante de minha cidade,
01:58
and I decided to take action,
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e decidi agir,
01:59
especially after I heard that the city
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principalmente depois
que ouvi que a cidade
02:02
received a grant to divert sewage water
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recebeu permissão
para desviar a água do esgoto
02:05
and to treat it.
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e tratá-la.
02:07
With clean water, suddenly
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Com água limpa, subitamente
02:08
the uncovering of the river became possible,
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a retirada da cobertura
do rio foi possível,
02:11
and with luck and actually a lot of pushing,
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e com sorte e muita pressão,
02:14
my partner Takako Tajima and I
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meu parceiro Takako Tajima e eu
02:16
were commissioned by the city to
work with a team of engineers
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fomos comissionados pela cidade
para trabalhar com um time de engenheiros
02:20
to uncover the river.
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para retirar a coberta do rio.
02:22
However, we were sneaky,
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Contudo, fomos sorrateiros,
02:24
and we proposed more:
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e propusemos mais:
02:25
to convert riverbanks into pedestrian pathways,
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a conversão das margens do rio
em calçadas,
02:30
and then to connect these pathways
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e a conexão dessas calçadas
02:32
back to the city fabric,
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com o restante da cidade,
02:33
and finally to convert the urban voids
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e finalmente a conversão
dos vazios urbanos
02:36
along the riverbanks into public spaces
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ao longo das margens em espaços públicos
02:39
that are lacking in the Medina of Fez.
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que são escassos na Medina de Fez.
02:42
I will show you briefly now
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Mostrarei brevemente
02:43
two of these public spaces.
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dois destes espaços públicos.
02:46
The first one is the Rcif Plaza,
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O primeiro é a Rcif Plaza,
02:49
which sits actually right on top of the river,
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que localiza-se bem em cima do rio,
02:52
which you can see here in dotted lines.
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que você pode ver
aqui em linhas pontilhadas.
02:55
This plaza used to be a chaotic transportation hub
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Esta praça costumava ser
um centro de tráfego caótico
02:59
that actually compromised the urban integrity
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que comprometia a integridade urbana
03:01
of the medina, that has the largest
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de Medina, que tem a maior
03:03
pedestrian network in the world.
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rede de pedestres do mundo.
03:06
And right beyond the historic
bridge that you can see here,
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E logo além da ponte histórica,
que vocês podem ver aqui,
03:09
right next to the plaza,
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bem próximo à praça,
03:11
you can see that the river looked like
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você pode ver que o rio parecia
03:13
a river of trash.
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um rio de lixo.
03:15
Instead, what we proposed is to make
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Em vez disso, propusemos fazer
03:18
the plaza entirely pedestrian,
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a praça completamente para pedestres,
03:20
to cover it with recycled leather canopies,
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cobrindo-a com couro reciclado,
03:23
and to connect it to the banks of the river.
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e conectá-la às margens do rio.
03:27
The second site of intervention
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O segundo local de intervenção
03:28
is also an urban void along the river banks,
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é também um vazio urbano
ao longo das margens do rio,
03:31
and it used to be an illegal parking,
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ele costumava servir
de estacionamento ilegal,
03:34
and we proposed to transform it
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e propusemos transformá-lo
03:35
into the first playground in the medina.
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no primeiro playground na Medina.
03:38
The playground is constructed using recycled tires
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O playground foi construído
usando pneus reciclados
03:42
and also is coupled with a constructed wetland
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e também acoplado à um pântano artificial
03:45
that not only cleans the water of the river
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que não somente limpa a água do rio
03:47
but also retains it when floods occur.
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mas também a retém quando há inundações.
À medida que o projeto avançou
e recebeu vários prêmios de design,
03:51
As the project progressed and
received several design awards,
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03:54
new stakeholders intervened
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novos interessados intervieram
03:56
and changed the project goals and design.
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e mudaram as metas e design do projeto.
04:00
The only way for us to be able to bring
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A única forma que encontramos de levar
04:03
the main goals of the project ahead
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os principais objetivos do projeto adiante
04:06
was for us to do something very unusual
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foi fazer algo muito incomum
04:08
that usually architects don't do.
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que arquitetos normalmente não fazem.
04:10
It was for us to take our design ego
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Que foi pegar nosso ego de design
04:14
and our sense of authorship
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e nosso senso de autoria
04:15
and put it in the backseat
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e deixá-los de lado
04:17
and to focus mainly on being activists
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e focarmos em sermos ativistas
04:20
and on trying to coalesce
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e em tentarmos aglutinar
04:22
all of the agendas of stakeholders
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todas as pautas dos interessados
04:24
and focus on the main goals of the project:
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e focar nas principais metas do projeto:
04:27
that is, to uncover the river, treat its water,
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descobrir o rio, tratar sua água,
04:29
and provide public spaces for all.
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e prover espaços públicos para todos.
04:31
We were actually very lucky,
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Fomos muito sortudos,
04:33
and many of those goals happened
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e a maioria desses objetivos se realizaram
04:35
or are in the process of happening.
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ou estão realizando-se.
04:37
Like, you can see here in the Rcif Plaza.
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Como você pode ver aqui na Rcif Plaza.
04:39
This is how it looked like about six years ago.
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Ela era asssim há uns seis anos atrás.
04:42
This is how it looks like today.
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Esta é a aparência hoje.
04:44
It's still under construction,
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Ainda está em construção,
04:45
but actually it is heavily used
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mas é altamente utilizada
04:47
by the local population.
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pela população local.
04:49
And finally, this is how the Rcif Plaza will look like
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E, finalmente, esta será
a aparência da Rcif Plaza
04:51
when the project is completed.
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quando o projeto estiver completo.
04:53
This is the river, covered, used as a trash yard.
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Este é o rio, coberto,
usado como depósito de lixo.
04:57
Then after many years of work,
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Então, após muitos anos de trabalho,
04:59
the river with clean water, uncovered.
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o rio com água limpa, descoberto.
05:02
And finally, you can see here the river
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E, finalmente, você pode ver aqui o rio
05:04
when the project will be completed.
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quando o projeto estiver completo.
05:06
So for sure, the Fez River Rehabilitation
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Portanto, sem dúvida,
a reabilitação do rio Fez
05:09
will keep on changing and adapting
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continuará mudando e atualizando-se
05:11
to the sociopolitical landscape of the city,
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ao panorama sociopolítico da cidade,
05:13
but we strongly believe that by reimagining
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mas acreditamos fortemente
que pela reimaginação
05:16
the role and the agency of the architect,
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o papel e ação do arquiteto,
05:19
we have set up the core idea
of the project into motion;
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criamos a ideia central
do projeto em movimento,
05:23
that is, to transform the river from sewage
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que é transformar o rio de esgoto
05:25
to public space for all,
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em espaço público para todos,
05:27
thereby making sure that the city of Fez
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desse modo, garantindo que a cidade de Fez
05:30
will remain a living city for its inhabitants
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continuará uma cidade viva
para seus habitantes
05:32
rather than a mummified heritage.
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ao invés de uma herança mumificada.
05:35
Thank you very much.
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Muito obrigada.
05:36
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
Translated by LEANDRO VEIGA
Reviewed by Ruy Lopes Pereira

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Aziza Chaouni - Architect + ecotourism specialist
Aziza Chaouni focuses on projects that integrate architecture and landscape, and that ultimately give back to their communities. For years, she has worked to revive the Fez River, which runs through her hometown of Fez, Morocco.

Why you should listen

Civil engineer and architect Aziza Chaouni creates sustainable, built environments in the developing world, focusing on the deserts of the Middle East. Chaouni’s design philosophy holds that it is not enough for sustainable buildings to have zero impact—they must give back to the community on social, economic, infrastructural and environmental levels too. The founding principal of Aziza Chaouni Projects, she collaborates closely with local communities and experts from other disciplines to integrate architecture, landscape and infrastructure in innovative ways.

Born and raised in Fez, Morocco, Chaouni has long found herself fascinated with the Fez River, which winds through the city's ancient Medina. Once considered the city's soul, sending water to both public and private fountains, in the 1950s, the stream started to become a toxic sewer because of overcrowding, over-development and pollution. The city responded by covering the river over with concrete slabs, bit by bit, in the process destroying houses and creating dumping grounds. When Fez received a grant to divert and clean the river's water, Chaouni proposed the Fez River Project to uncover the river, restore its riverbanks and create pedestrian pathways. Her vision: to reclaim these areas as public spaces and reconnect them to the rest of the city.

A project that Chaouni has been working on for two decades, her mission to transform the Fez River began with her thesis in graduate school and has continued throughout her career. Over the course of years, the river is gradually being uncovered—illegal parking lots are being transformed into playgrounds, trees and vegetation are being planted to create public spaces. Overall, the project is revitalizing Fez as a living city.

 

More profile about the speaker
Aziza Chaouni | Speaker | TED.com

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