Kate Darling: Why we have an emotional connection to robots
Kate Darling: Porque é que temos uma ligação emocional a robôs
Kate Darling investigates the relationship between humans and robots -- now, and in the future. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
a baby dinosaur robot upside down.
dinossauro bebé robô de cabeça para baixo.
that I had ordered,
que eu encomendei.
because I've always loved robots.
porque sempre adorei robôs.
technical features.
super fixes.
was a tilt sensor,
era um sensor de inclinação,
estava orientado.
de cabeça para baixo,
so I was showing it off to my friend,
mostrei-o ao meu amigo e disse-lhe:
See what it does."
Vê o que ele faz."
the theatrics of this robot
a teatralidade deste robô
to make it stop crying.
para ele deixar de chorar.
a weird experience for me.
estranha para mim.
maternal person at the time.
mais maternal na altura.
a mother, nine months ago,
ter sido mãe, há nove meses,
se segurados de cabeça para baixo.
when you hold them upside down.
was also interesting
também foi curiosa
how this machine worked,
como é que aquela máquina trabalhava
compelled to be kind to it.
a ser afetuosa para com ela.
uma curiosidade
nos último 10 anos.
was that my treatment of this machine
a forma como eu tratei aquela máquina
in my living room,
desconfortável na minha sala de estar.
integrating robots into our lives,
a integrar mais robôs na nossa vida,
might actually have consequences,
pode ter consequências,
is that it's not just me.
é que não sou a única.
reported that the United States military
que as Forças Armadas dos EUA
that defused land mines.
que desativava minas terrestres.
was it was shaped like a stick insect
a um bicho-pau
around a minefield on its legs,
sobre as suas patas.
one of the legs would blow up,
uma das suas patas explodia,
to blow up more mines.
patas para fazer explodir mais minas.
of this testing exercise
por esse exercício de teste
era demasiado desumano
drag itself along the minefield.
a arrastar-se pelo campo de minas.
a hardened military officer
um oficial militar endurecido
by science fiction and pop culture
pela ficção científica e cultura popular
hardwired to project intent and life
predefinidos para projetar intenção e vida
that seems autonomous to us.
físico que nos pareça autónomo.
of robots like they're alive.
de robôs como se tivessem vida.
de bombas têm nomes.
with gun salutes.
com salvas de tiros.
even with very simple household robots,
até com os mais simples robôs domésticos,
around your floor to clean it,
para o limpar,
around on its own
por si mesmo
when it gets stuck under the couch.
ficar preso debaixo do sofá.
specifically to evoke this response,
para provocarem esta reação,
subconsciously associate
de forma automática e subconsciente
called human-robot interaction
chamada interação homem-robô,
at Stanford University found out
na Universidade de Stanford
ficam muito desconfortáveis
a robot's private parts.
nas partes íntimas de um robô.
respond to the cues given to them
reagem a sinais
por estas máquinas realistas,
where robots are everywhere.
onde há robôs por todo o lado.
from behind factory walls.
o interior das fábricas
de trabalho, nas casas.
and make autonomous decisions and learn
que tomam decisões autónomas e aprendem
analogy we have for this
para esta situação
we started to domesticate animals,
a domesticar animais,
and weaponry and companionship.
como armas e como companheiros.
some animals like tools or like products,
animais como ferramentas ou objetos,
we've treated with kindness
as our companions.
como nossos companheiros.
to integrate robots in similar ways.
a integrar robôs de forma semelhante.
from working with roboticists,
investigadores de robótica,
robots that can feel anything.
robôs que sintam o que quer que seja.
robots into these shared spaces,
robôs nestes espaços partilhados,
treat them differently than other devices,
de outras máquinas
who becomes emotionally attached
que fica emocionalmente ligado
from inefficient to dangerous.
ou mesmo perigoso.
it can actually be useful
connection to robots.
emocional com os robôs.
exemplos excelentes,
with autistic children
com crianças com autismo
that we haven't seen previously,
nunca vista,
kids in learning with new results.
para envolverem os alunos na aprendizagem
can help doctors and patients
podem ajudar médicos e doentes
and with dementia patients.
e com doentes com demência.
being at a party
estar numa festa
robots instead of human care."
às pessoas, em vez de cuidados humanos."
it's not what this robot replaces.
não é isso o que o robô substitui.
é a terapia com animais
we can't use real animals
usar animais verdadeiros
them more like an animal than a device.
mais como animais do que como máquinas.
connection to robots
com os robôs
a prever desafios
areas of people's lives.
áreas mais privadas na vida das pessoas.
if your child's teddy bear robot
de peluche dos vossos filhos
has compelling in-app purchases?
oportunidades de compra numa aplicação?
consumer protection and privacy.
e a privacidade.
que a forma como agimos
these machines could matter.
pode ser importante.
initial experience I had
experiência que tive
with my friend Hannes Gassert.
Hannes Gassert.
of these baby dinosaur robots
dinossauros bebés robôs
for about an hour.
com eles durante uma hora.
a hammer and a hatchet
e uma machadinha
and kill the robots.
e matarem os robôs.
a little more dramatic
mais dramática
would even so much as strike
and at some point, we said,
e a certa altura dissemos:
se destruírem o robô de outra equipa."
if you destroy another team's robot."
They couldn't do it.
Eles não conseguiam.
a hatchet to one of them."
a machadinha num deles."
and he took the hatchet,
e agarra na machadinha.
as he brought the hatchet down
quando ele desceu a machadinha
half-serious moment of silence in the room
entre o gozo e a seriedade
interesting experience.
muito interessante.
study, obviously,
estudo controlado,
later research that I did at MIT
que fiz mais tarde no MIT
and smash these HEXBUGs
e esmagavam HEXBUGs,
lifelike way, like insects.
realista, como insetos.
that people are drawn to,
que atraísse as pessoas
was that high-empathy people
com mais empatia
that there may be a connection
que talvez haja uma correlação
of human-robot interaction
da interação entre humanos e robôs
people's empathy?"
a empatia dos humanos?"
from kicking a robotic dog,
de dar pontapés num cão robótico
more likely to kick a real dog?
a dar pontapés num cão verdadeiro?
but it's on a completely new level
violentos, mas a um nível totalmente novo
that we respond more intensely to
a que reagimos mais intensamente
that are designed to mimic life,
para imitarem vida,
for violent behavior
de comportamentos violentos
músculos da crueldade?
the potential to impact human behavior,
impacto no comportamento humano,
to impact social norms,
around what we can and can't do
sobre o que podemos ou não fazer
sobre a crueldade animal.
nada sentirem,
might matter for us.
pode ser importante para nós.
we end up changing our rules,
ou não as nossas regras,
come to a new understanding of ourselves.
a compreendermo-nos melhor.
over the past 10 years
nos últimos 10 anos
sobre tecnologia.
com os outros.
é gentil com um Roomba,
a robot on the battlefield,
um robô num campo de batalha,
to harm a robotic baby dinosaur,
a magoar um bebé dinossauro robô,
and gears and algorithms.
e engrenagens e algoritmos.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kate Darling - Robot ethicistKate Darling investigates the relationship between humans and robots -- now, and in the future.
Why you should listen
Robots are taking increasingly bigger roles in life and business -- moving well beyond manufacturing and into transportation, education, medicine, care for the elderly, our offices and our homes. But ethics and law haven't caught up. Kate Darling, a pioneer in these fields, is helping quicken the pace.
A leading expert in robot ethics, Darling is a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab where she investigates social robotics and conducts experimental studies on human-robot interaction. Darling explores the emotional connection between people and life-like inventions, seeking to influence technology design and policy direction. Her writing and research anticipate difficult questions that lawmakers, engineers and the wider public must address as human-robot relationships evolve in the coming decades.
While her background is in intellectual property and law and economics, Darling's passion for technology and robots led her to interdisciplinary fields. She's a former Fellow and current Affiliate at the Harvard Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society and a former fellow at the Yale Information Society Project, and she's an affiliate at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies.
Her work has been featured in Vogue, The New Yorker, The Guardian, BBC, NPR, PBS, The Boston Globe, Forbes, CBC, WIRED, Boston Magazine, The Atlantic, Slate, Die Zeit, The Japan Times and more. She is a contributing writer to Robohub and IEEE Spectrum and speaks and holds workshops covering some of the more interesting developments in the world of robotics, and where we might find ourselves in the future.
Darling graduated from law school with honors and holds a doctorate of sciences from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) and an honorary doctorate of sciences from Middlebury College. In 2017, the American Bar Association honored her legal work with the Mark T. Banner award in Intellectual Property. She is the caretaker for several domestic robots, including her Pleos Yochai, Peter, and Mr. Spaghetti. She tweets as @grok_ about eating cheerios for dinner.
Kate Darling | Speaker | TED.com