Tara Djokic: This ancient rock is changing our theory on the origin of life
Tara Djokic: Uma antiga rocha sugere uma nova teoria sobre a origem da vida
Tara Djokic discovered direct evidence that indicates some of Earth's oldest life once thrived in hot springs on land. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
for less than 100 years.
dura menos de 100 anos.
the history of our planet
com a história do nosso planeta
so inconsequential to everyday life?
parece tão inconsequente
in our solar system
no nosso sistema solar,
life support for human beings.
de sustentar a vida humana.
for having plate tectonics,
por ter placas tectónicas,
have recorded the pivotal moments
registaram momentos fundamentais
to observe those ancient rocks
para observar estas rochas antigas
evidence for life on the planet.
mais antigas de vida no planeta.
arrastando-se em terra firme.
como as bactérias.
as layered rock structures,
muitas vezes, preservados
is almost all we see in the fossil record
tudo o que vemos no registo fóssil
of life on Earth.
de anos de vida na Terra.
back in the fossil record
detetada no registo fóssil
a strong foothold
tinha já uma forte posição
have been either destroyed
ou foram destruídas
through plate tectonics.
pelas placas tectónicas.
piece of the puzzle
life on Earth began.
começou a vida na Terra.
volcanic landscape in the Pilbara.
paisagem vulcânica no Pilbara.
would provide another clue
aqui ia fornecer outra pista
aqui no terreno
long week mapping project,
que durou uma longa semana,
rather special.
a bunch of wrinkly old rocks
um conjunto de antigas rochas enrugadas
was a small, peculiar rock
estava uma pequena rocha, peculiar
this rock under a microscope,
esta rocha ao microscópio,
na época, Malcolm Walter,
at the time, Malcolm Walter,
of hot spring pools.
the significance of geyserite,
o significado da geiserite,
a couple of centuries.
quase dois séculos.
to his friend Joseph Hooker,
ao seu amigo Joseph Hooker,
in some warm little pond
nalguma pequena lagoa quente
more complex changes?"
mudanças mais complexas?"
We call them "hot springs."
chamamos-lhe "nascentes quentes".
from the underlying rocks.
das rochas subjacentes.
com compostos orgânicos
can manufacture simple cellular structures
fabricar simples estruturas celulares
were discovered in the ocean.
no fundo do mar.
the Tonga volcanic arc,
do arco vulcânico Tonga,
in the Pacific Ocean.
no Oceano Pacífico.
out of these chimneylike structures
destas estruturas parecidas com chaminés,
of these deep-sea vents,
no mar profundo,
has been in the ocean.
tem sido no oceano.
in the ancient rock record,
são bem conhecidas
had a global ocean
tinha um oceano global
were abundant on the very early Earth
de as fontes do fundo do mar
no oceano.
provides and supports
proporciona e apoia
able to show that, in fact,
mostrar que, de facto,
not only did hot springs exist
que não só existiam fontes quentes
volcano in the Pilbara,
com 3500 milhões de anos,
living on land in hot springs
em terra, em fontes quentes
is a reasonable origin-of-life candidate.
para a origem da vida.
how life began on Earth,
como a vida começou na Terra
cada vez mais complexa.
the age of the human,
to question its own existence
a questionar a sua própria existência
waiting to connect with us,
à espera de comunicar connosco
comes from the ancient rock record.
provém do registo das rochas antigas.
had begun to produce oxygen,
terem começado a produzir oxigénio,
the period that followed
ao período que se seguiu
called banded iron formations,
"formações ferríferas bandadas",
hundreds-of-meter-thick packages of rock
como conjuntos de rochas
the Karijini National Park
two major changes to occur on our planet.
duas importantes mudanças no planeta.
uma vida complexa.
to get big and complex.
para crescer e ficar mais complexa.
que protege a vida moderna
which protects modern life
of the sun's UVB radiation.
das radiações ultravioletas do sol.
a vida microbiológica abriu caminho
made way for complex life,
de 3000 milhões de anos, no planeta.
its three-billion-year reign
escavamos a vida complexa fossilizada
fossilized complex life
of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,
de dióxido de carbono para a atmosfera
microbianos,
substantial changes to our planet.
substanciais no nosso planeta.
are encompassed by global warming.
por um aquecimento global.
could see the demise of humanity.
pode ver a morte da Humanidade.
we aren't connecting with life elsewhere,
vida em parte alguma,
four or so billion years
de anos, ou mais,
delicada e complexa,
the very last speck of time.
apenas representam
as a guide or a forecast --
como um guia ou uma previsão
so lonely in this part of the galaxy.
para a vida parecer tão solitária
want to leave behind
que queremos deixar
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tara Djokic - AstrobiologistTara Djokic discovered direct evidence that indicates some of Earth's oldest life once thrived in hot springs on land.
Why you should listen
Tara Djokic observes the world through the lens of geology and astrobiology. During her studies as a geology graduate student, she discovered direct evidence that indicates some of Earth's oldest life once thrived in hot springs on land -- pushing back the record of land-based hot springs on Earth by approximately three billion years and supporting Darwin's theory that life may have started in some "warm little pond." Djokic's discoveries have also been used to help guide the search for life elsewhere in our solar system. She was involved in the third and fourth "Site Selection Workshops" for the NASA Mars2020 Rover, which is due to launch in July-August, 2020.
Djokic's scientific passions are equal to her passion for sharing knowledge. During her graduate studies, she designed and developed an immersive virtual field trip (VFT) that has been used to teach astrobiology at UNSW Sydney since 2016. Her geological research also led to her involvement in the IMAX documentary The Story of Earth, which (as its title suggests) illustrates Earth's approximately 4.6-billion-year history. She is a seeker of knowledge and believes all people should be encouraged to be curious about our world.
Tara Djokic | Speaker | TED.com