TED2014
David Brooks: Should you live for your résumé ... or your eulogy?
David Brooks: Ar trebui să trăieşti pentru CV... sau pentru epitaf?
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În fiecare din noi sunt două personalităţi, sugerează David Brooks în acest scurt discurs meditativ: sinele care crează succesul, CV-ul, şi sinele care caută conexiuni, comunitate, iubire - valori care crează epitafuri de valoare. (Joseph Soloveitchik le-a numit pe cele două ,, Adam I" şi ,,Adam II") Brooks se întreabă: le putem echilibra pe cele două?
David Brooks - Op-ed columnist
Writer and thinker David Brooks has covered business, crime and politics over a long career in journalism. Full bio
Writer and thinker David Brooks has covered business, crime and politics over a long career in journalism. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
So I've been thinking about the difference between
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Mă gândeam la diferenţele dintre
00:14
the résumé virtues and
the eulogy virtues.
the eulogy virtues.
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calităţile CV-ului şi ale epitafului.
00:17
The résumé virtues are the
ones you put on your résumé,
ones you put on your résumé,
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Calităţile CV-ului sunt cele trecute în el,
00:20
which are the skills
you bring to the marketplace.
you bring to the marketplace.
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adică aptitudini pe care le oferim spre vânzare.
00:23
The eulogy virtues are the ones
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Calităţile epitafului sunt cele
00:25
that get mentioned in the eulogy,
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menţionate într-un epifaf,
00:27
which are deeper: who are you,
in your depth,
in your depth,
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mai profunde: cine eşti ca personalitate,
00:30
what is the nature of your relationships,
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ce relaţii ai,
00:31
are you bold, loving, dependable, consistency?
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eşti îndrăzneţ, iubitor, de încredere, sincer?
00:35
And most of us, including
me, would say
me, would say
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Majoritatea am afirma
00:36
that the eulogy virtues are the
more important of the virtues.
more important of the virtues.
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că în epitaf sunt cele mai importante.
00:40
But at least in my case,
are they the ones that
are they the ones that
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Dar, cel puţin în cazul meu,
00:42
I think about the most?
And the answer is no.
And the answer is no.
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la ele mă gândesc cel mai mult?
Răspunsul e nu.
Răspunsul e nu.
00:45
So I've been thinking about that problem,
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Am reflectat la asta
şi m-a ajutat şi un gânditor,
00:47
and a thinker who has
helped me think about it
helped me think about it
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00:48
is a guy named Joseph Soloveitchik, who was a rabbi
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Joseph Soloveitchik, fost rabin,
00:50
who wrote a book called "The
Lonely Man Of Faith" in 1965.
Lonely Man Of Faith" in 1965.
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care a scris
,,The Lonely Man Of Faith" în 1965.
,,The Lonely Man Of Faith" în 1965.
00:53
Soloveitchik said there are two sides of our natures,
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Soloveitchik a spus că avem
două laturi ale personalităţii,
două laturi ale personalităţii,
00:56
which he called Adam I
and Adam II.
and Adam II.
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pe care le-a numit Adam I şi Adam II.
00:59
Adam I is the worldly, ambitious,
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Adam I e lumesc, ambiţios,
01:00
external side of our nature.
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personalitatea externă.
01:03
He wants to build, create,
create companies,
create companies,
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Vrea să construiască, să creeze,
să înfiinţeze companii,
să înfiinţeze companii,
01:05
create innovation.
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să inoveze.
01:06
Adam II is the humble
side of our nature.
side of our nature.
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Adam II e partea modestă a personalităţii.
01:09
Adam II wants not only
to do good but to be good,
to do good but to be good,
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Adam II vrea să facă bine şi să fie bun,
01:12
to live in a way internally
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să aibă trăiri interioare
01:14
that honors God, creation and our possibilities.
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în onoarea lui D-zeu, a creaţiei şi a posibilităţilor.
01:18
Adam I wants to conquer the world.
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Adam I vrea să cucerească lumea.
01:19
Adam II wants to hear
a calling and obey the world.
a calling and obey the world.
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Adam II vrea să audă chemarea
şi să satisfacă lumea.
şi să satisfacă lumea.
01:22
Adam I savors accomplishment.
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Adam I savurează realizarea.
01:25
Adam II savors inner
consistency and strength.
consistency and strength.
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Adam II savurează tăria de caracter şi corectitudinea.
01:27
Adam I asks how things work.
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Adam I se întreabă cum funcţionează lucrurile.
01:30
Adam II asks why we're here.
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Adam II se întreabă de ce suntem aici.
01:32
Adam I's motto is "success."
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Motto-ul lui Adam I e ,,succesul".
01:35
Adam II's motto is "love, redemption and return."
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Motto-ul lui Adam II e
,,iubire, mântuire şi dăruire".
,,iubire, mântuire şi dăruire".
01:39
And Soloveitchik argued
that these two sides
that these two sides
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Soloveitchik argumenta că
aceste două aspecte ale personalităţii
aceste două aspecte ale personalităţii
01:41
of our nature are
at war with each other.
at war with each other.
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se războiesc.
01:43
We live in perpetual self-confrontation
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Trăim o perpetuă autoconfruntare
01:45
between the external success and the internal value.
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între succesul extern şi valoarea internă.
01:49
And the tricky thing,
I'd say, about these
I'd say, about these
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Şi e interesant că
01:51
two sides of our nature is they work
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cele două laturi ale personalităţii
01:53
by different logics.
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funcţionează cu logici diferite.
01:55
The external logic is
an economic logic:
an economic logic:
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Logica externă e economică:
01:57
input leads to output,
risk leads to reward.
risk leads to reward.
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intrările generează ieşiri
şi riscul, recompense.
şi riscul, recompense.
02:01
The internal side of our nature
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Partea internă
02:03
is a moral logic and
often an inverse logic.
often an inverse logic.
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are o logică morală, adesea inversată.
02:06
You have to give to receive.
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Trebuie să dai ca să primeşti.
02:08
You have to surrender
to something outside yourself
to something outside yourself
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Trebuie să te deschizi exteriorului
02:10
to gain strength within yourself.
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ca să capeţi tărie interioară.
02:12
You have to conquer the
desire to get what you want.
desire to get what you want.
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Trebuie să-ţi înfrânezi dorinţele.
02:14
In order to fulfill yourself,
you have to forget yourself.
you have to forget yourself.
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Ca să fii împlinit trebuie să uiţi de tine.
02:17
In order to find yourself,
you have to lose yourself.
you have to lose yourself.
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Ca să te regăseşti trebuie să te pierzi.
02:21
We happen to live in a society
that favors Adam I,
that favors Adam I,
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Trăim într-o societate care-l apreciază pe Adam I
02:24
and often neglects Adam II.
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şi îl neglijază deseori pe Adam II.
02:27
And the problem is, that turns
you into a shrewd animal
you into a shrewd animal
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Problema e că te transformă într-un animal viclean
care tratează viaţa ca pe un business,
02:30
who treats life as a game,
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02:31
and you become a cold,
calculating creature
calculating creature
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devii o creatură rece şi calculată
02:34
who slips into a sort of mediocrity
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care alunecă pe panta mediocrităţii
02:37
where you realize there's a difference
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şi-ţi dai seama de diferenţa dintre
02:38
between your desired
self and your actual self.
self and your actual self.
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ce vrei să fii şi cine eşti.
02:41
You're not earning the sort of eulogy you want,
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Nu obţii epitaful dorit,
pe care speri să ţi-l ofere cineva.
02:45
you hope someone will give to you.
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02:46
You don't have the
depth of conviction.
depth of conviction.
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Nu ai profunzimea convingerilor.
02:48
You don't have an emotional sonorousness.
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Nu ai profunzime emoţională.
02:51
You don't have
commitment to tasks
commitment to tasks
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Nu te dedici unor cauze
02:52
that would take more than a lifetime to commit.
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cu scopuri ce depăşesc durata ta de viaţă.
02:56
I was reminded of a common
response through history
response through history
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Mi-am reamintit de un răspuns străvechi
02:59
of how you build a solid Adam II,
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despre cum să-ţi formezi un Adam II puternic,
03:02
how you build a depth of character.
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despre cum să clădeşti profunzime de caracter.
03:04
Through history, people
have gone back
have gone back
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De-a lungul timpului,
03:07
into their own pasts,
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oamenii s-au reîntors în trecut,
03:09
sometimes to a precious
time in their life,
time in their life,
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la momente dragi din viaţa lor,
03:11
to their childhood,
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la copilărie,
03:12
and often, the mind
gravitates in the past
gravitates in the past
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şi deseori gândul pleacă în trecut
la momente de ruşine,
03:16
to a moment of shame,
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03:18
some sin committed,
some act of selfishness,
some act of selfishness,
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la vreun păcat comis,
la acte de egoism,
la acte de egoism,
03:21
an act of omission, of shallowness,
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la omisiuni, la superficialitate,
03:23
the sin of anger, the sin of self-pity,
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la momente de mânie, de autocompătimire,
03:26
trying to be a people-pleaser,
a lack of courage.
a lack of courage.
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încercând să facem plăcere altora,
la lipsa de curaj.
la lipsa de curaj.
03:29
Adam I is built by
building on your strengths.
building on your strengths.
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Adam I e clădit pe propriile puteri.
03:34
Adam II is built by fighting
your weaknesses.
your weaknesses.
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Adam II se formează depăşindu-ţi slăbiciunile.
03:38
You go into yourself,
you find the sin
you find the sin
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Te autoanalizezi, găseşti păcatul
03:41
which you've committed over
and again through your life,
and again through your life,
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pe care l-ai comis repetat toată viaţa,
03:42
your signature sin
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amprenta ta de păcat
03:44
out of which the others emerge,
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din care se nasc celelalte
03:47
and you fight that sin and you wrestle with that sin,
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şi te împotriveşti şi te lupţi cu el,
03:50
and out of that wrestling,
that suffering,
that suffering,
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iar din această luptă şi suferinţă
03:53
then a depth of character is constructed.
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se construieşte caracterul.
03:57
And we're often not
taught to recognize
taught to recognize
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Nu suntem învăţaţi să ne dăm seama
03:58
the sin in ourselves,
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de păcatul din noi,
04:00
in that we're not taught in this culture
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şi cultura aceasta nu ne învaţă
04:01
how to wrestle with it,
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cum să te lupţi cu el,
04:03
how to confront it,
and how to combat it.
and how to combat it.
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cum să-l confrunţi şi să-l combaţi.
04:06
We live in a culture
with an Adam I mentality
with an Adam I mentality
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Trăim într-o cultură cu mentalitatea lui Adam I
04:09
where we're inarticulate
about Adam II.
about Adam II.
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în care nu vorbim despre Adam II.
Reinhold Niebuhr a reuşit
04:13
Finally, Reinhold Niebuhr
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04:14
summed up the confrontation, the fully lived
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să caracterizeze confruntarea celor doi
04:16
Adam I and Adam II life, this way:
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într-o viaţă completă, astfel:
04:20
"Nothing that is worth doing
can be achieved in our lifetime;
can be achieved in our lifetime;
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,,Nimic din ceea ce merită făcut
nu poate fi realizat într-o viaţă;
nu poate fi realizat într-o viaţă;
04:23
therefore we must
be saved by hope.
be saved by hope.
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de aceea trebuie să fim salvaţi de speranţă.
04:26
Nothing which is true or
beautiful or good makes
beautiful or good makes
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Nimic din ce-i adevărat, frumos sau bun
04:29
complete sense in any immediate context of history;
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nu are sens în contextul istoric imediat;
04:32
therefore we must be saved by faith.
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de aceea trebuie să fim salvaţi prin încredere.
04:34
Nothing we do, however virtuous,
can be accomplished alone;
can be accomplished alone;
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Nimic din ce facem, oricât de virtuos,
nu poate fi făcut de unul singur;
nu poate fi făcut de unul singur;
04:38
therefore we must
be saved by love.
be saved by love.
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de aceea trebuie să fim salvaţi prin iubire.
04:41
No virtuous act is quite as virtuous
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Nici un act nu e chiar atât de măreţ
04:44
from the standpoint of our friend
or foe as from our own standpoint.
or foe as from our own standpoint.
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privit din prisma prietenului sau al altcuiva.
De aceea trebuie să fim salvaţi
prin forma finală a iubirii,
prin forma finală a iubirii,
04:48
Therefore we must be saved
by that final form of love,
by that final form of love,
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04:50
which is forgiveness.”
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care e iertarea."
04:52
Thanks.
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Mulţumesc.
04:54
(Applause)
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(Aplauze)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Brooks - Op-ed columnistWriter and thinker David Brooks has covered business, crime and politics over a long career in journalism.
Why you should listen
David Brooks became an Op-Ed columnist for The New York Times in September 2003. He is currently a commentator on "The PBS Newshour," NPR’s "All Things Considered" and NBC's "Meet the Press."
He is the author of Bobos in Paradise and The Social Animal. In April 2015, he released with his fourth book, The Road to Character, which was a #1 New York Times bestseller.
Brooks also teaches at Yale University, and is a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences.
Born on August 11, 1961 in Toronto, Canada, Brooks graduated a bachelor of history from the University of Chicago in 1983. He became a police reporter for the City News Bureau, a wire service owned jointly by the Chicago Tribune and Sun-Times.
He worked at The Washington Times and then The Wall Street Journal for nine years. His last post at the Journal was as Op-ed Editor. Prior to that, he was posted in Brussels, covering Russia, the Middle East, South Africa and European affairs. His first post at the Journal was as editor of the book review section, and he filled in as the Journal's movie critic.
He also served as a senior editor at The Weekly Standard for 9 years, as well as contributing editor for The Atlantic and Newsweek.
David Brooks | Speaker | TED.com