TEDIndia 2009
Jane Chen: A warm embrace that saves lives
Jane Chen: O imbratisare calda care salveaza vieti
Filmed:
Readability: 4
874,886 views
In tarile in curs de dezvoltare, accesul la incubatoare este limitat de cost si distanta, iar milioane de copii nascuti prematur mor in fiecare an. TED Fellow Jane Chen prezinta o inventie care ar putea sa tina milioane de astfel de copii la caldura -- un design care ofera siguranta, mobilitate, un pret scazut si care salveaza vieti.
Jane Chen - Social entrepreneur
TED Fellow Jane Chen has spent years working on health issues in the developing world. Full bio
TED Fellow Jane Chen has spent years working on health issues in the developing world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Please close your eyes,
0
0
3000
Va rog sa inchideti ochii
00:18
and open your hands.
1
3000
3000
si sa va deschideti palmele.
00:21
Now imagine what you could place in your hands:
2
6000
3000
Acum imaginati-va ce ati putea tine in palme:
00:24
an apple, maybe your wallet.
3
9000
3000
un mar, sau poate portofelul.
00:27
Now open your eyes.
4
12000
2000
Acum deschideti ochii.
00:29
What about a life?
5
14000
2000
Ce ziceti de o fiinta?
00:31
What you see here is a premature baby.
6
16000
2000
Ceea ce vedeti aici este un copil nascut prematur.
00:33
He looks like he's resting peacefully, but in fact he's struggling to stay alive
7
18000
3000
Arata ca si cum s-ar odihni linistit, dar de fapt el se lupta sa ramana in viata
00:36
because he can't regulate his own body temperature.
8
21000
3000
deoarece nu poate sa-si controleze temperatura corpului.
00:39
This baby is so tiny he doesn't have
9
24000
2000
Bebelusul acesta este asa de mic, incat corpul lui nu are
00:41
enough fat on his body to stay warm.
10
26000
2000
destula grasime sa-i tina cald.
00:43
Sadly, 20 million babies like this
11
28000
3000
Din nefericire, 20 de milioane de astfel de copii
00:46
are born every year around the world.
12
31000
3000
se nasc in fiecare an in toata lumea.
00:49
Four million of these babies die annually.
13
34000
2000
Anual, patru milioane dintre acestia mor.
00:51
But the bigger problem is that the ones who do survive
14
36000
3000
Problema mai mare este ca cei care reusesc sa supravietuiasca
00:54
grow up with severe, long-term health problems.
15
39000
3000
se dezvolta cu afectiuni de sanatate severe de lunga durata.
00:57
The reason is because in the first month of a baby's life,
16
42000
3000
Asta din cauza ca in prima luna de viata,
01:00
its only job is to grow.
17
45000
2000
tot ce are de facut un copil este sa creasca.
01:02
If it's battling hypothermia, its organs can't develop normally,
18
47000
3000
Daca se lupta cu hipotermie, organele lui nu se dezvolta normal,
01:05
resulting in a range of health problems
19
50000
2000
ducand la o serie de probleme de sanatate,
01:07
from diabetes, to heart disease,
20
52000
2000
incepand de la diabet, probleme cardiace,
01:09
to low I.Q.
21
54000
2000
pana la un I.Q. scazut.
01:11
Imagine: Many of these problems could be prevented
22
56000
3000
Imaginati-va ca multe dintre aceste probleme ar putea fi prevenite
01:14
if these babies were just kept warm.
23
59000
3000
daca acesti copii ar fi pur si simplu tinuti la caldura.
01:17
That is the primary function of an incubator.
24
62000
2000
Aceasta este prima caracteristica a unui incubator.
01:19
But traditional incubators require electricity
25
64000
2000
Insa incubatoarele traditionale necesita electricitate
01:21
and cost up to 20 thousand dollars.
26
66000
3000
si costa pana la 20 de mii de dolari.
01:24
So, you're not going to find them in rural areas of developing countries.
27
69000
3000
Asadar, nu pot fi gasite in zonle rurale ale tarilor in curs de dezvoltare.
01:27
As a result, parents resort to local solutions
28
72000
3000
In consecinta, parintii apeleaza la solutii accesibile,
01:30
like tying hot water bottles around their babies' bodies,
29
75000
3000
legand sticle cu apa calda in jurul bebelusilor
01:33
or placing them under light bulbs like the ones you see here --
30
78000
3000
sau tinandu-i sub lumina becului ca in imagine --
01:36
methods that are both ineffective and unsafe.
31
81000
3000
metode care sunt atat ineficiente cat si nesigure.
01:39
I've seen this firsthand over and over again.
32
84000
3000
Am vazut acest tip de pim-ajutor de foarte multe ori.
01:42
On one of my first trips to India, I met this young woman, Sevitha,
33
87000
3000
Intr-una din vizitele mele in India am cunoscut o tanara, Sevitha,
01:45
who had just given birth to a tiny premature baby, Rani.
34
90000
4000
care tocmai nascuse prematur o fetita pe nume Rani.
01:49
She took her baby to the nearest village clinic,
35
94000
3000
Si-a dus fetita la cea mai apropiata clinica din sat,
01:52
and the doctor advised her to take Rani
36
97000
2000
unde a fost sfatuita de doctor sa o duca pe Rani
01:54
to a city hospital so she could be placed in an incubator.
37
99000
4000
la un spital din oras, unde ar putea fi tinuta intr-un incubator.
01:58
But that hospital was over four hours away,
38
103000
3000
Insa spitalul era la 4 ore departare.
02:01
and Sevitha didn't have the means to get there,
39
106000
3000
Savitha nu avea cu ce sa ajunga pana acolo,
02:04
so her baby died.
40
109000
2000
iar copilul ei a murit.
02:06
Inspired by this story, and dozens of other similar stories like this,
41
111000
3000
Inspirati de aceasta poveste si multe altele asemanatoare,
02:09
my team and I realized what was needed was a local solution,
42
114000
3000
eu si echipa mea am inteles ca este nevoie de o solutie accesibila lor,
02:12
something that could work without electricity,
43
117000
2000
ceva care sa functioneze fara electricitate,
02:14
that was simple enough for a mother or a midwife to use,
44
119000
3000
sa fie destul de simplu de folosit pentru o mama sau o moasa,
02:17
given that the majority of births still take place in the home.
45
122000
3000
avand in vedere ca majoritatea nasterilor inca mai au loc la domiciliu.
02:20
We needed something that was portable,
46
125000
2000
Trebuia sa fie ceva portabil,
02:22
something that could be sterilized and reused across multiple babies
47
127000
3000
ceva care sa poata fi sterilizat si refolosit si la alti copii
02:25
and something ultra-low-cost,
48
130000
2000
si ceva forte ieftin,
02:27
compared to the 20,000 dollars
49
132000
2000
in comparatie cu 20 de mii de dolari,
02:29
that an incubator in the U.S. costs.
50
134000
3000
cat ar costa un incubator in S.U.A.
02:32
So, this is what we came up with.
51
137000
2000
Asa ca, uitati ce am reusit sa facem!
02:34
What you see here looks nothing like an incubator.
52
139000
2000
Nu seamana deloc cu un incubator.
02:36
It looks like a small sleeping bag for a baby.
53
141000
3000
Arata ca un mic sac de dormit pentru bebelusi.
02:39
You can open it up completely. It's waterproof.
54
144000
3000
Se poate deschide in intregime. Este impermeabil.
02:42
There's no seams inside so you can sterilize it very easily.
55
147000
3000
Nu are nici o cusatura inauntru si poate fi sterilizat foarte usor.
02:45
But the magic is in this pouch of wax.
56
150000
4000
Magia lui sta in acest saculet cu ceara.
02:49
This is a phase-change material.
57
154000
2000
Acesta este un material care isi schimba starea.
02:51
It's a wax-like substance with a melting point
58
156000
2000
Este o substanta asemanatoare cu ceara, cu punctul de topire
02:53
of human body temperature, 37 degrees Celsius.
59
158000
3000
la temperatura corpului uman, 37 de grade Celsius.
02:56
You can melt this simply using hot water
60
161000
3000
Se topeste doar folosind apa fierbinte,
02:59
and then when it melts it's able to maintain one constant temperature
61
164000
4000
iar cand se topeste poate mentine o temperatura constanta
03:03
for four to six hours at a time,
62
168000
2000
timp de patru pana la sase ore,
03:05
after which you simply reheat the pouch.
63
170000
3000
dupa care trebuie doar reincalzit saculetul.
03:08
So, you then place it into this little pocket back here,
64
173000
5000
Apoi il introduci inapoi in buzunarul acesta
03:15
and it creates a warm micro-environment
65
180000
2000
si va creea un um mic mediu calduros
03:17
for the baby.
66
182000
3000
pentru bebelus.
03:20
Looks simple, but we've reiterated this dozens of times
67
185000
4000
Arata simplu, insa l-am recreat de zeci de ori
03:24
by going into the field to talk to doctors, moms and clinicians
68
189000
3000
discutand cu medici, mame, si clinicieni
03:27
to ensure that this really meets the needs of the local communities.
69
192000
3000
ca sa fim siguri ca intr-adevar satisface cerintele comunitatilor locale.
03:30
We plan to launch this product in India in 2010,
70
195000
3000
Ne propunem sa lansam produsul in India, in 2010.
03:33
and the target price point will be 25 dollars,
71
198000
4000
Pretul la care tintim este de 25 de dolari,
03:37
less than 0.1 percent of the cost
72
202000
2000
mai putin de 0,1% din costul
03:39
of a traditional incubator.
73
204000
3000
unui incubator traditional.
03:42
Over the next five years we hope to save the lives
74
207000
2000
Noi speram ca in urmatorii cinci ani sa salvam
03:44
of almost a million babies.
75
209000
2000
aproape un milion de bebelusi.
03:46
But the longer-term social impact is a reduction in population growth.
76
211000
3000
Insa impactul social pe termen lung va fi reducerea cresterii populatiei.
03:49
This seems counterintuitive,
77
214000
2000
Pare ilogic,
03:51
but turns out that as infant mortality is reduced,
78
216000
3000
insa, s-a descoperit ca odata cu reducerea mortalitatii bebelusilor
03:54
population sizes also decrease,
79
219000
2000
scade si numarul populatiei,
03:56
because parents don't need to anticipate
80
221000
2000
deoarece parintii nu mai sunt nevoiti sa anticipeze
03:58
that their babies are going to die.
81
223000
2000
moartea copiilor lor.
04:00
We hope that the Embrace infant warmer
82
225000
3000
Noi speram ca incalzitorul pentru bebelusi "Imbratisarea",
04:03
and other simple innovations like this
83
228000
2000
impreuna cu alte inovatii simple ca acesta,
04:05
represent a new trend for the future of technology:
84
230000
4000
sa reprezinte o tendinta noua pentru viitorul tehnologiei:
04:09
simple, localized, affordable solutions
85
234000
3000
solutii simple, localizate, ieftine
04:12
that have the potential to make huge social impact.
86
237000
3000
care au potentialul unui impact social larg.
04:15
In designing this we followed a few basic principles.
87
240000
3000
In crearea acestuia am urmat cateva principii de baza.
04:18
We really tried to understand the end user,
88
243000
2000
Am incercat sa intelegem cu adevarat consumatorul final,
04:20
in this case, people like Sevitha.
89
245000
3000
in acest caz, oameni ca Savitha.
04:23
We tried to understand the root of the problem
90
248000
2000
Am incercat sa intelegem mai degraba originea problemei,
04:25
rather than being biased by what already exists.
91
250000
3000
in loc sa ne lasam influentati de ceea ce exista deja.
04:28
And then we thought of the most simple solution we could
92
253000
3000
Apoi ne-am gandit la cea mai simpa solutie
04:31
to address this problem.
93
256000
2000
pentru acesta problema.
04:33
In doing this, I believe we can truly bring technology to the masses.
94
258000
4000
Prin aceasta metoda cred ca putem aduce cu adevarat tehnologia in randul maselor
04:37
And we can save millions of lives through the simple warmth of an Embrace.
95
262000
3000
si putem salva milioane de vieti printr-o simpla "Imbratisare" calda.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jane Chen - Social entrepreneurTED Fellow Jane Chen has spent years working on health issues in the developing world.
Why you should listen
Jane Chen is the co-founder and CEO of Embrace, a social enterprise that aims to help the millions of vulnerable babies born every year in developing countries through a low-cost infant warmer. Unlike traditional incubators that cost up to $20,000, the Embrace infant warmer costs around $200. The device requires no electricity, has no moving parts, is portable and is safe and intuitive to use.
Chen received her Masters in Public Administration from the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. Prior to her graduate studies, Jane was the Program Director of Chi Heng Foundation, a nonprofit organization that sponsors the education of children affected by AIDS in central China. She was also formerly a management consultant at Monitor Group.
In 2009, Chen was a TEDIndia Fellow.
Jane Chen | Speaker | TED.com