Justin Davidson: Why glass towers are bad for city life -- and what we need instead
Джастин Дэвидсон: Почему блестящие стеклянные небоскрёбы плохо сказываются на жизни в городе
Justin Davidson writes about a broad range of urban, civic, design and arts issues. Full bio
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in here this evening,
вы вошли в этот зал, вы увидели,
looked almost exactly the same:
idiosyncratic inner life,
внутренним миром,
the same blank expression all the time.
бесстрастное выражение лица.
that is taking over cities,
уже происходит с городами,
не к людям, а к зданиям.
грубыми очертаниями, тенями,
of great individuality and character
уникальную архитектуру и характер
splendor of cities.
is that the need for shelter
что необходимость в пристанище
the human desire for beauty.
с жаждой прекрасного.
give us a touchable city.
благодаря шероховатым фасадам.
over brick and stone.
более гладкими.
made of concrete and steel
all over the world --
of high-gloss robots
полированных роботов,
the full range of available materials.
всё многообразие материалов.
and limestone and sandstone
известняк, песчаник,
and terra-cotta and brick
all of the world's cuisines
like this one in Moscow
как, например, в Москве,
and communal aspects of urban living.
к городской жизни общества.
to enrich their owners and tenants,
для обогащения владельцев и арендаторов,
the lives of the rest of us,
the spaces between the buildings.
and killing off public space.
уничтожают общественное пространство.
as being like makeup,
как о косметике:
to a building that's effectively complete.
когда здание практически завершено.
affect the way we live in it.
влияет на то, как мы живём в них.
sunlight rakes the facades,
на фасадах зданий,
segments the buildings
of visual activity.
where the generations can meet.
где могут встретиться целые поколения.
sprawling on the pavers,
like an opera set.
выглядеть как оперная постановка.
about the exteriors of buildings,
give texture to our lives,
задаёт рельеф нашей жизни,
create the spaces around them,
создают пространство для неё,
with the quality of those exteriors.
тем, как выглядят здания.
of the Plaza Mayor in Salamanca
современным местом
между стеклянными стенами,
to their cubicles
as little time in as possible.
без необходимости.
the architect Philip Johnson
архитектор Филипп Джонсон
European plaza in Pittsburgh.
Европейскую площадь в Питтсбурге.
encircled by commercial buildings
из зеркального стекла.
with metal trim and bays
металлической отделкой и нишами,
как клетка из чёрного стекла.
through the fountain
of a leisurely hangout.
you really want to just hang out and chat.
хочется встречаться и общаться.
for many different reasons.
или терпят неудачу по разным причинам.
excessively on glass.
from enormous, ultraclear sheets
абсолютно прозрачных листов,
it has the magical power
оно обладает чудесной способностью
real estate values by allowing views,
за счёт видов из окон,
that developers have to offer
предлагаемого застройщиками,
of the Crystal Palace in London,
Хрустального дворца в Лондоне
of quintessentially modern substances.
самым современным материалом.
the downtowns of some American cities,
некоторых американских городов,
really spectacular office buildings
впечатляющим офисным зданиям,
designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill.
по проекту «Скидмор, Оуингс и Меррилл».
advanced to the point
до такой степени,
structures so transparent
не просто прозрачные объекты,
of the high-rise city,
для строительства высотных зданий
powerful reason for that.
converge on cities,
стягивается к городам,
into jerry-built shantytowns.
в построенных на скорую руку трущобах.
need apartments and places to work
нуждаются в жилье и работе
to put up towers
строить высотки,
and practical curtain walls.
и практичные навесные стены.
in southern Mexico.
of high ritual significance.
a historical and textural continuity
историческую и текстурную целостность
the mountains all around
on top of the ruins
на вершине руин
even ordinary plaster buildings
обычные оштукатуренные здания
bright colors, political murals
политическими фресками
would simply wipe out.
его уничтожить.
that architects and developers
the joys of texture
for old materials like brick
применение старым материалам,
like the molded panels that Snøhetta used
например, формованные панели Snøhetta
Museum of Modern Art
искусства в Сан-Франциско,
even created living facades.
даже создавал живые фасады.
a pair of apartment towers in Milan,
пара жилых башен в Милане,
for Nanjing in China.
для Нанкина в Китае.
were as ubiquitous as glass ones
были так же распространены, как из стекла,
in Chinese cities would become.
в китайских городах.
that these are mostly one-offs,
своём они одноразовые,
that have a local significance,
распространённых локально,
from all looking the same.
to cover the American Copper Building,
чтобы покрыть American Copper Building,
on the East River.
sunset lights up that metallic facade,
лучи играют на металлическом фасаде,
pretty much the same way it did before
как и раньше,
have the ability
обладают способностью
in Salt Lake City in copper and zinc,
в Солт-Лейк-Сити медью и цинком,
in the area for 150 years
там на протяжении 150 лет
against the ochre hills
сливалось с охристыми холмами,
natural history.
Pritzker Prize winner Wang Shu
a wrapper for the past,
that had been demolished.
могут использовать стекло
and this one by Frank Gehry
другое — Фрэнка Гери,
that they toss back and forth
of concentrated variety
именно в городах сконцентрированы
and languages and lifestyles
чтобы скрыть всё это разнообразие
of crushing sameness,
и сделать их чудовищно одинаковыми,
the full range of the urban experience.
которая чтит жизненный опыт городов.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Justin Davidson - Architecture criticJustin Davidson writes about a broad range of urban, civic, design and arts issues.
Why you should listen
Justin Davidson is the author of Magnetic City: A Walking Companion to New York (Spiegel & Grau), which leads readers through a portrait of the city told through its history, architecture, music, art and literature.
Davidson has been the architecture and classical music critic at New York magazine since 2007. Before that, he spent 12 years as classical music critic at Newsday, where he also wrote about architecture and was a regular cultural commentator. He won a Pulitzer Prize for criticism in 2002, an American Society of Newspaper Editors criticism (ASNE) award and the 2015 Stephen A. Kliment Oculus Award for Architectural Journalism from the American Institute of Architects, New York Chapter.
A native of Rome, Davidson graduated from Harvard and later earned a doctoral degree in music composition at Columbia University. He has contributed to many publications, including The New Yorker, Smithsonian, W., The New York Times Book Review, Travel & Leisure, Condé Nast Traveler and Pursuits. He was a columnist for the website Wondering Sound and has appeared regularly on WNYC and other radio and television outlets. He has taught at the Design Criticism program at the School of Visual Arts, the Goldring Arts Journalism Program of Syracuse University and NEA Arts Journalism Institutes. He lives on the Upper West Side of Manhattan.
Justin Davidson | Speaker | TED.com