TED2011
Carlo Ratti: Architecture that senses and responds
卡罗·拉蒂：建造的感应和回应
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在可感城市实验室，来自麻省理工的卡罗·拉蒂和他的团队根据感应数据作出了很酷的作品。他从被动的数据串中--像我们打的电话，我们扔得垃圾--创造出了城市生命可视化的模型。同时他和他的团队通过流动的水和飞舞的灯，把传感器捕捉到的内容用简单的动作创造出了炫目的互动景象。
Carlo Ratti - Architect and engineer
Carlo Ratti directs the MIT SENSEable City Lab, which explores the "real-time city" by studying the way sensors and electronics relate to the built environment. Full bio
Carlo Ratti directs the MIT SENSEable City Lab, which explores the "real-time city" by studying the way sensors and electronics relate to the built environment. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Good afternoon, everybody.
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大家下午好。
00:17
I've got something to show you.
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我有些东西想展示给大家。
00:37
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
00:39
Think about this as a pixel, a flying pixel.
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把这个看作一个像素，一个飞行的像素。
00:42
This is what we call, in our lab, sensible design.
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我们在实验室里，叫它感应设计。
00:45
Let me tell you a bit about it.
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让我为你们介绍一下这个东西
00:47
Now if you take this picture -- I'm Italian originally,
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现在如果你拿着这张照片--我是意大利人，
00:50
and every boy in Italy grows up
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每个意大利男孩卧室墙上都有
00:52
with this picture on the wall of his bedroom --
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这张照片来伴随他们长大。
00:54
but the reason I'm showing you this
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但是我给你看这个原因是因为
00:56
is that something very interesting
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一些有趣的事情
00:58
happened in Formula 1 racing
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发生在F1方程式赛上
01:00
over the past couple of decades.
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在过去的几十年里。
01:02
Now some time ago,
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以前，
01:04
if you wanted to win a Formula 1 race,
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如果你想在F1赛上夺冠，
01:06
you take a budget, and you bet your budget
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你只需要有预算，然后把你的预算赌在
01:08
on a good driver and a good car.
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一个好车手和好车上。
01:11
And if the car and the driver were good enough, then you'd win the race.
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如果你的车和车手够好的话，那你会夺冠。
01:14
Now today, if you want to win the race,
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现如今，如果你想夺冠，
01:16
actually you need also something like this --
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事实上你还需要其他一些东西比如这个--
01:19
something that monitors the car in real time,
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一些能实时检测赛车的装备
01:22
has a few thousand sensors
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它连接着上千感应器
01:24
collecting information from the car,
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能把收集到的车的相关数据，
01:26
transmitting this information into the system,
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传输进系统中，
01:29
and then processing it
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并处理
01:31
and using it in order to go back to the car with decisions
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并用这个来反馈决定给车本身
01:34
and changing things in real time
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使其实时地改变
01:36
as information is collected.
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做到与信息收集同步。
01:38
This is what, in engineering terms,
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这就是，用工程师的说法，
01:40
you would call a real time control system.
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叫做实时监控系统。
01:43
And basically, it's a system made of two components --
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基本上，这个系统包括两个部件
01:46
a sensing and an actuating component.
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一个是感应器一个是驱动器
01:48
What is interesting today
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如今，有趣的是
01:50
is that real time control systems
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这个实时监控系统
01:52
are starting to enter into our lives.
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正开始渗透到我们的生活中。
01:55
Our cities, over the past few years,
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我们的城市，在过去的几年中，
01:58
just have been blanketed
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已经被网络，电子工业
02:00
with networks, electronics.
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所覆盖。
02:02
They're becoming like computers in open air.
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它 们变得好像无线收放电脑。
02:04
And, as computers in open air,
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同时，作为无线收放的电脑，
02:06
they're starting to respond in a different way
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它们开始做出不同的回应
02:08
to be able to be sensed and to be actuated.
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能传感和制动。
02:11
If we fix cities, actually it's a big deal.
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如果我们能优化城市，实际上这是个飞跃。
02:13
Just as an aside, I wanted to mention,
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说句题外话，我想说，
02:15
cities are only two percent of the Earth's crust,
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城市只占了地球表面的百分之2，
02:19
but they are 50 percent of the world's population.
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但是它们却占据了世界人口的百分之50。
02:22
They are 75 percent of the energy consumption --
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它们的能源消耗占世界的百分之75--
02:25
up to 80 percent of CO2 emissions.
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产生百分之80的二氧化碳排放量。
02:28
So if we're able to do something with cities, that's a big deal.
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所以如果我们优化城市，那将会是个飞越。
02:31
Beyond cities,
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在这些城市之上，
02:33
all of this sensing and actuating
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所有这些传感和制动
02:36
is entering our everyday objects.
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正在进入我们每天的日常事物中。
02:38
That's from an exhibition that
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这是今年夏天柏拉·安东内利
02:40
Paola Antonelli is organizing
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在纽约现代艺术博物馆
02:42
at MoMA later this year, during the summer.
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组织的一次展览。
02:44
It's called "Talk to Me."
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主题为“与我交谈。”
02:46
Well our objects, our environment
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我们的事物，我们的环境，
02:48
is starting to talk back to us.
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正在开始给我们反馈。
02:50
In a certain sense, it's almost as if every atom out there
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某种意义上，就像每个原子
02:53
were becoming both a sensor and an actuator.
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都在变成传感器和制动器。
02:56
And that is radically changing the interaction we have as humans
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同时这也根本上改变了我们作为人类
02:59
with the environment out there.
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和大自然之间的关系。
03:01
In a certain sense,
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某种意义上，
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it's almost as if the old dream of Michelangelo ...
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这简直就是米开朗琪罗古老的梦想...
03:06
you know, when Michelangelo sculpted the Moses,
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你知道，当米开朗琪罗雕刻摩西像时，
03:08
at the end it said that he took the hammer, threw it at the Moses --
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在最后他拿起铁锤，扔向摩西像--
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actually you can still see a small chip underneath --
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事实上你还看到底下那小的凹槽--
03:14
and said, shouted,
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说着，咆哮着，
03:16
"Perché non parli? Why don't you talk?"
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“你为什不说话，为什么？”
03:18
Well today, for the first time,
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今天，第一次，
03:20
our environment is starting to talk back to us.
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我们的环境开始给我们反馈。
03:23
And I'll show just a few examples --
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我将展示几个案例--
03:25
again, with this idea of sensing our environment and actuating it.
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有一次，随着我们的意识去感应并回应我们环境。
03:28
Let's starting with sensing.
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让我们从传感阶段开始。
03:31
Well, the first project I wanted to share with you
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我想分享给你的第一个项目
03:33
is actually one of the first projects by our lab.
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事实上是我们实验室的最初几个项目之一。
03:36
It was four and a half years ago in Italy.
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那是在4年6个月之前的意大利。
03:39
And what we did there
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我们在那里做的
03:41
was actually use a new type of network at the time
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实际上是用那时的一种新型的网络
03:43
that had been deployed all across the world --
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现如今已经覆盖全球--
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that's a cellphone network --
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手机网络--
03:47
and use anonymous and aggregated information from that network,
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并通过这个网络收集任何终端发出的
03:49
that's collected anyway by the operator,
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密名的整合过的信息
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in order to understand
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来理解
03:53
how the city works.
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城市是如何运作的。
03:55
The summer was a lucky summer -- 2006.
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那年夏天是个幸运的夏天-2006年。
03:58
It's when Italy won the soccer World Cup.
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这是刚意大利在世界杯夺冠的那年。
04:01
Some of you might remember, it was Italy and France playing,
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你们中的一些也许记得，有场意大利对法国的比赛，
04:04
and then Zidane at the end, the headbutt.
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那时齐达内终场前的，那个头槌。
04:06
And anyway, Italy won at the end.
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不管怎样，意大利最后赢了。
04:08
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:10
Now look at what happened that day
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现在看看那天发生了什么
04:12
just by monitoring activity
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就用网格来实时演示
04:14
happening on the network.
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发生的情况。
04:16
Here you see the city.
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你现在看到的城市。
04:18
You see the Colosseum in the middle,
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你看到正中的罗马圆形大剧场，
04:21
the river Tiber.
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台伯河。
04:24
It's morning, before the match.
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这是早晨，比赛前。
04:26
You see the timeline on the top.
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你看着顶端的时间轴。
04:28
Early afternoon,
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中午，
04:30
people here and there,
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这里那里的人
04:32
making calls and moving.
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打着电话，行走着。
04:34
The match begins -- silence.
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比赛开始--安静。
04:37
France scores. Italy scores.
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法国队进球。意大利对进球。
04:40
Halftime, people make a quick call and go to the bathroom.
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半场，大家迅速地打个电话，上个厕所。
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Second half. End of normal time.
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下半场，比赛结束
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First overtime, second.
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第一个加时，第二个加时。
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Zidane, the headbutt in a moment.
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齐达内，头槌的那个时候。
04:51
Italy wins. Yeah.
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意大利赢了。哈哈。
04:53
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:55
(Applause)
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（掌声）
04:58
Well, that night, everybody went to celebrate in the center.
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那天夜里，每个人都去市中心庆祝。
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You saw the big peak.
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你可以看到高峰期。
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The following day, again everybody went to the center
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第二天，每个人都去市中心
05:04
to meet the winning team
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迎接凯旋的队伍
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and the prime minister at the time.
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和总理。
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And then everybody moved down.
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接着人流开始回落。
05:11
You see the image of the place called Circo Massimo,
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你们看到图上的这个地方叫做 马西莫赛场，
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where, since Roman times, people go to celebrate,
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从罗马时期开始，人们就去那里庆祝--
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to have a big party, and you see the peak at the end of the day.
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会有一个盛大的聚会，在这天结束的时候看到高峰期。
05:19
Well, that's just one example of how we can sense the city today
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话说，这只是我们如今如何感知这个城市的例子之一，
05:21
in a way that we couldn't have done
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用这种我们几年前
05:23
just a few years ago.
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无法做到的方式。
05:25
Another quick example about sensing:
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另外一个简略的关于感知的例子：
05:27
it's not about people,
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这次不是关于人的，
05:29
but about things we use and consume.
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而是关于我们使用和消耗的东西。
05:31
Well today, we know everything
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今天，我们知道每一样
05:33
about where our objects come from.
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东西从哪里来。
05:36
This is a map that shows you
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这是一张地图展示给你
05:38
all the chips that form a Mac computer, how they came together.
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所有的一台苹果电脑的零配件，如何组装到一起。
05:41
But we know very little about where things go.
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但是我们却极少知道这些零配件最后报废到哪里。
05:44
So in this project,
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所以这个项目，
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we actually developed some small tags
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我们实际上发明了一些小的标签
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to track trash as it moves through the system.
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来追踪这些废物从而使它在系统中移动。
05:51
So we actually started with a number of volunteers
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实际上我们和一些志愿者一起
05:54
who helped us in Seattle,
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那些在西雅图愿意帮助我们的志愿者，
05:56
just over a year ago,
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就在一年之前，
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to tag what they were throwing away --
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给那些人们丢弃的东西贴上标签--
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different types of things, as you can see here --
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不同种类的东西，就像你看到的这些--
06:04
things they would throw away anyway.
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那些我们无论如何都要扔掉的东西。
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Then we put a little chip, little tag,
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我们把小的集成块，小的标签，
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onto the trash
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贴在那些垃圾上
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and then started following it.
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然后开始追踪它。
06:12
Here are the results we just obtained.
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这是我们观测到的结果。
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(Music)
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（音乐）
06:18
From Seattle ...
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从西雅图...
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after one week.
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一周之后。
06:53
With this information we realized
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从这些信息中我们认识到
06:55
there's a lot of inefficiencies in the system.
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系统中有太多的低效运作。
06:57
We can actually do the same thing with much less energy.
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我事实上能用更少的能源做同样的事情。
07:00
This data was not available before.
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这个数据先前还不可用。
07:02
But there's a lot of wasted transportation and convoluted things happening.
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但是有很多垃圾运输和费解的事情发生了。
07:05
But the other thing is that we believe
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还有另外一件我们坚信的事
07:07
that if we see every day
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如果我们想那些我们每天
07:09
that the cup we're throwing away, it doesn't disappear,
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扔掉的杯子，它并没有消失，
07:11
it's still somewhere on the planet.
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它还是在地球上的某个角落。
07:13
And the plastic bottle we're throwing away every day still stays there.
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我们每天扔得塑料瓶还是会呆在那里。
07:16
And if we show that to people,
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如果我们把这个展示给人们，
07:18
then we can also promote some behavioral change.
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接着我们也就能提倡一些行为上的改变。
07:20
So that was the reason for the project.
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所以这就是这个项目的意义所在。
07:22
My colleague at MIT, Assaf Biderman,
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我在麻省理工的同事，阿萨夫·彼得曼，
07:24
he could tell you much more about sensing
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他会告诉你更多关于感知
07:26
and many other wonderful things we can do with sensing,
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和很多我们用感知能做的奇妙的事情，
07:28
but I wanted to go to the second part we discussed at the beginning,
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但是我想先从第二部分开始讲起，
07:31
and that's actuating our environment.
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这实际上是关于我们的环境。
07:33
And the first project
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第一个项目
07:35
is something we did a couple of years ago in Zaragoza, Spain.
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是关于我们几年前在西班牙萨拉戈萨做的事。
07:38
It started with a question by the mayor of the city,
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它开始于市长提出的一个问题，
07:41
who came to us saying
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他找到我们说
07:43
that Spain and Southern Europe have a beautiful tradition
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西班牙以至于欧洲南部
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of using water in public space, in architecture.
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用建筑，在公共场合善用水资源的传统。
07:49
And the question was: How could technology, new technology,
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问题就是：技术，新的技术，怎么样才能
07:51
be added to that?
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使其锦上添花？
07:53
And one of the ideas that was developed at MIT in a workshop
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其中一个点子是来自麻省理工的一个研发组
07:56
was, imagine this pipe, and you've got valves,
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是关于，想象一个管道，你有它的阀门，
07:59
solenoid valves, taps,
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电磁阀，读数表，
08:01
opening and closing.
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开启又关闭。
08:03
You create like a water curtain with pixels made of water.
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你就创造了一个用水作为像素的水帘。
08:06
If those pixels fall,
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如果这些像素落下，
08:08
you can write on it,
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你可以在它上面创作，
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you can show patterns, images, text.
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你能展现出花案，图像，文字。
08:12
And even you can approach it, and it will open up
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你接近它的时候，它甚至会关闭
08:14
to let you jump through,
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来让你跳过，
08:16
as you see in this image.
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就像你所看到这个图片。
08:18
Well, we presented this to Mayor Belloch.
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我们把这个展示给贝洛克市长。
08:20
He liked it very much.
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他很喜欢它。
08:22
And we got a commission to design a building
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接着我们就得到了在世博会入口
08:24
at the entrance of the expo.
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建造一幢大楼的允许。
08:26
We called it Digital Water Pavilion.
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我们叫它数字水馆。
08:28
The whole building is made of water.
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整个大楼用水建造而成。
08:33
There's no doors or windows,
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没有门或者窗户，
08:35
but when you approach it,
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但是当你走进它的时候，
08:37
it will open up to let you in.
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它会自动开辟路口让你进入。
08:39
(Music)
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（音乐）
08:52
The roof also is covered with water.
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屋顶同样也是被水覆盖着。
08:57
And if there's a bit of wind,
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如果有一点风的话，
08:59
if you want to minimize splashing, you can actually lower the roof.
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如果你想少一点水溅出的话，你事实上可以把屋顶降低一些。
09:04
Or you could close the building,
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或者甚至关闭整座大楼，
09:06
and the whole architecture will disappear,
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那这个建筑就会消失，
09:08
like in this case.
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就好像这个样子。
09:10
You know, these days, you always get images during the winter,
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这些天，你会在冬天常常能看这样的景象
09:12
when they take the roof down,
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当他们降低屋顶
09:14
of people who have been there and said, "They demolished the building."
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去过那里的人就会说，“他们在拆除这建筑。”
09:17
No, they didn't demolish it, just when it goes down,
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没有，他们没有拆毁它，只是当它下降的时候，
09:19
the architecture almost disappears.
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建筑本生几乎就是消失了。
09:21
Here's the building working.
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这是水建筑工作的情况。
09:24
You see the person puzzled about what was going on inside.
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你可以看到人们对如何进入表示很疑惑。
09:27
And here was myself trying not to get wet,
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这是我在试着不让自己变湿，
09:29
testing the sensors that open the water.
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在测试打开水帘的感应器。
09:32
Well, I should tell you now what happened one night
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我应该告诉你有天晚上发生的事
09:34
when all of the sensors stopped working.
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那时所有的感应器停止工作。
09:37
But actually that night, it was even more fun.
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但是这使那个晚上变得更为有趣。
09:40
All the kids from Zaragoza came to the building,
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所有在萨拉戈萨的孩子云集此楼，
09:42
because the way of engaging with the building became something different.
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因为进入大楼的方式变的有些不同。
09:45
Not anymore a building that would open up to let you in,
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大楼不再会自动打开让你进入，
09:48
but a building that would still make cuts and holes through the water,
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但是大楼还是会被水帘分割出不同的空间
09:51
and you had to jump without getting wet.
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那你就不能不跳过这次来不弄湿自己。
09:53
(Video) (Crowd Noise)
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（录像）（人群的喧哗声）
10:06
And that was, for us, was very interesting,
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同时，对于我们，这也很有意思，
10:08
because, as architects, as engineers, as designers,
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因为，作为一个建筑师，一个工程师，一个设计师，
10:11
we always think about how people will use the things we design.
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我们经常考虑人们如何使用我们设计出的东西。
10:14
But then reality's always unpredictable.
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但是现实总是出人意料。
10:17
And that's the beauty of doing things
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这也是做这些事的魅力所在
10:19
that are used and interact with people.
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使用和互动同在。
10:21
Here is an image then of the building
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这是一张
10:23
with the physical pixels, the pixels made of water,
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用物理像素，用水做成的，
10:25
and then projections on them.
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然后在上面做投影
10:28
And this is what led us to think about
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同时它让我想起
10:30
the following project I'll show you now.
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下一个我要展示给大家的项目。
10:32
That's, imagine those pixels could actually start flying.
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这是，想象这这些像素能飞。
10:35
Imagine you could have small helicopters
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想象你会有一个小的
10:37
that move in the air,
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可以在空中移动的直升机，
10:39
and then each of them with a small pixel in changing lights --
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同时每个上面都有一个小的可以变色的像素--
10:42
almost as a cloud that can move in space.
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几乎像一片可以在空中移动的云层。
10:45
Here is the video.
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看一段录像。
10:47
(Music)
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（音乐）
10:53
So imagine one helicopter,
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想象一架直升机，
10:56
like the one we saw before,
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像我们刚刚看到的那种，
11:01
moving with others,
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和另外一些直升机，
11:04
in synchrony.
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同步的，移动。
11:06
So you can have this cloud.
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于是乎你得到了这样的云。
11:15
You can have a kind of flexible screen or display, like this --
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你就得到了一种可弯曲的屏幕或者展示板，像这个--
11:19
a regular configuration in two dimensions.
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一个二维的常规配置。
11:29
Or in regular, but in three dimensions,
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或者常规的，但是三维的，
11:32
where the thing that changes is the light,
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这里，改变的是亮点，
11:34
not the pixels' position.
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而不是像素的位置。
11:46
You can play with a different type.
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你可以使用不同的方法。
11:48
Imagine your screen could just appear
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想象你的显示屏能
11:50
in different scales or sizes,
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用不同的尺寸或规模，
11:53
different types of resolution.
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用不同的清晰度来放映。
12:05
But then the whole thing can be
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但是所有的一切
12:07
just a 3D cloud of pixels
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只是一个3维的像素云而已
12:09
that you can approach and move through it
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你能拉近并穿过它
12:12
and see from many, many directions.
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并从很多，很多角度观看。
12:15
Here is the real Flyfire
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这是
12:17
control and going down to form the regular grid as before.
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受控下降像刚才一样形成标准的网格。
12:21
When you turn on the light, actually you see this. So the same as we saw before.
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当你开灯的时候，你事实上看的这个。和我们之前看的一样。
12:24
And imagine each of them then controlled by people.
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想象如果其中的每一个都是被人所控制的。
12:26
You can have each pixel
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你能让每个像素
12:28
having an input that comes from people,
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都有从人那里得到对应的输入，
12:30
from people's movement, or so and so.
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从人的移动，诸如此类。
12:32
I want to show you something here for the first time.
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我给你们看一些第一次展出的东西。
12:35
We've been working with Roberto Bolle,
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我们正在和罗伯托·博列合作，
12:37
one of today's top ballet dancers --
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现今最顶级的芭蕾舞者之一--
12:39
the étoile at Metropolitan in New York
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纽约大都会艺术博物馆
12:41
and La Scala in Milan --
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和米兰斯卡拉歌剧院的明星--
12:43
and actually captured his movement in 3D
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来实时的捕捉他3D的动作
12:45
in order to use it as an input for Flyfire.
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为了用它来
12:48
And here you can see Roberto dancing.
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你能看到罗伯托在跳舞。
12:53
You see on the left the pixels,
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你能在左边的像素点，
12:55
the different resolutions being captured.
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不同的
12:57
It's both 3D scanning in real time
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这都是实时的3维的扫描
12:59
and motion capture.
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和动态捕捉。
13:03
So you can reconstruct a whole movement.
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这样你就能重现这整个舞步。
13:10
You can go all the way through.
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你能一直这样跳下去。
13:16
But then, once we have the pixels, then you can play with them
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但是，一旦你有了这些像素，你就能操控他们
13:18
and play with color and movement
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用彩色和动作
13:21
and gravity and rotation.
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重力和旋转来操控。
13:24
So we want to use this as one of the possible inputs
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我们想用这个来作为飞行火的一种可能的
13:26
for Flyfire.
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输入端。
13:47
I wanted to show you the last project we are working on.
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我想展示给你们最后一个我们在做的项目。
13:49
It's something we're working on for the London Olympics.
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它是我们为了伦敦奥林匹克而做的事。
13:51
It's called The Cloud.
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它叫做数字云。
13:53
And the idea here is, imagine, again,
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这个想法的来源，再一次，发挥想象，
13:55
we can involve people
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我们能让大家参与
13:57
in doing something and changing our environment --
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来做一些事来改变环境--
14:00
almost to impart what we call cloud raising --
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就是来赞助我们的数字云的建造--
14:02
like barn raising, but with a cloud.
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就像谷仓的建造一样，但是是数字云。
14:04
Imagine you can have everybody make a small donation for one pixel.
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想想你能让每个人捐出一个像素的钱。
14:08
And I think what is remarkable
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我认为过去几年
14:10
that has happened over the past couple of years
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发生的什么事是卓越的
14:12
is that, over the past couple of decades,
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是，过去的几十年里，
14:14
we went from the physical world to the digital one.
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我们经历了物理世界到数字化世界的转变。
14:17
This has been digitizing everything, knowledge,
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现在电子产品，知识，
14:19
and making that accessible through the Internet.
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能连入互联网的端口到处都是。
14:21
Now today, for the first time --
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今天，第一次--
14:23
and the Obama campaign showed us this --
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奥巴马竞选告诉我们--
14:25
we can go from the digital world,
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我们能从数字化世界
14:27
from the self-organizing power of networks,
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靠自发组织的网络力量
14:29
to the physical one.
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回归到物理世界。
14:31
This can be, in our case,
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这是可行的，用我们这个例子，
14:33
we want to use it for designing and doing a symbol.
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我们想用它来设计和创作一个标志。
14:35
That means something built in a city.
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它会意味着在城市中建立的某些建筑。
14:37
But tomorrow it can be,
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但是未来它能是
14:39
in order to tackle today's pressing challenges --
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它能解决今天日益临近的挑战--
14:42
think about climate change or CO2 emissions --
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想想气候变化或者二氧化碳排放--
14:44
how we can go from the digital world to the physical one.
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我们如何从数字化世界回归到物理世界的方法。
14:47
So the idea that we can actually involve people
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所以我们事实上能让大家集体参与
14:49
in doing this thing together, collectively.
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一起做这件事。
14:51
The cloud is a cloud, again, made of pixels,
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这数字云是云，而且，用像素形成的，
14:54
in the same way as the real cloud
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用现实中云形成的方式
14:56
is a cloud made of particles.
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用微粒来形成云一样。
14:58
And those particles are water,
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这些微粒是水，
15:00
where our cloud is a cloud of pixels.
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这数字云是像素组成的云。
15:02
It's a physical structure in London, but covered with pixels.
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这是在伦敦的
15:05
You can move inside, have different types of experiences.
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你能步入其中，感受不一样的体验。
15:07
You can actually see from underneath,
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你实际能在下方看见，
15:09
sharing the main moments
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2012年奥林匹克
15:11
for the Olympics in 2012 and beyond,
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的重要时刻，
15:14
and really using it as a way to connect with the community.
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并真正用它来作为连接社会的桥梁。
15:18
So both the physical cloud in the sky
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同时天上的云
15:22
and something you can go to the top [of],
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和一些你能到达的顶部，
15:25
like London's new mountaintop.
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像伦敦的新的山顶。
15:27
You can enter inside it.
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你能进入其中。
15:29
And a kind of new digital beacon for the night --
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这是夜晚一种全新的数字化火炬--
15:32
but most importantly,
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但是最重要的是，
15:34
a new type of experience for anybody who will go to the top.
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创造了一种任何人都能到达高峰的体验
15:37
Thank you.
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谢谢大家。
15:39
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Carlo Ratti - Architect and engineerCarlo Ratti directs the MIT SENSEable City Lab, which explores the "real-time city" by studying the way sensors and electronics relate to the built environment.
Why you should listen
Carlo Ratti is a civil engineer and architect who teaches at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he directs the SENSEable City Laboratory. This lab studies the built environment of cities -- from street grids to plumbing and garbage systems -- using new kinds of sensors and hand-held electronics that have transformed the way we can describe and understand cities.
Other projects flip this equation -- using data gathered from sensors to actually create dazzling new environments. The Digital Water Pavilion, for instance, reacts to visitors by parting a stream of water to let them visit. And a project for the 2012 Olympics in London turns a pavilion building into a cloud of blinking interactive art. He's opening a research center in Singapore as part of an MIT-led initiative on the Future of Urban Mobility.
For more information on the projects in this talk, visit SENSEable @ TED >>
Carlo Ratti | Speaker | TED.com