TEDxOslo
Rick Falkvinge: I am a pirate
Filmed:
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The Pirate Party fights for transparency, anonymity and sensible copyright laws. At TEDxObserver, Rick Falkvinge explains how he became the leader of Europe’s tech-driven political party, which so far has won 17 seats across national parliaments in Europe.
(Filmed at TEDxObserver.)
Rick Falkvinge -
Rick Falkvinge, didn’t plan on becoming a politician, but his dedication to civil liberties and internet sovereignty led to him founding the Swedish Pirate Party in 2006. Full bio
Rick Falkvinge, didn’t plan on becoming a politician, but his dedication to civil liberties and internet sovereignty led to him founding the Swedish Pirate Party in 2006. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:10
Thank y'all!
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谢谢大家!
接下来的演讲将会非常鼓舞人心,
00:11
This is going to be a motivational speech.
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因为 ——
00:13
Because --
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00:15
imagine my motivation standing
between this strong, healthy crowd ...
between this strong, healthy crowd ...
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想象一下，我的动力正处在
这个强健的观众群
这个强健的观众群
00:23
and lunch.
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和午餐之间。
（笑声）
00:25
(Laughter)
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00:26
So ...
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所以......
00:29
I'm @Falkvinge on Twitter.
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我推特账号是@Falkvinge，
00:31
Feel free to quote me if I say something
memorable, stupid, funny, whatever.
memorable, stupid, funny, whatever.
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若我在演讲中说了些有意义的、愚蠢的、
或有趣的内容，不论是什么请放心引用。
或有趣的内容，不论是什么请放心引用。
我喜爱看到我的名字出现在推特上。
00:36
I love seeing my name on Twitter.
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00:38
So ...
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所以，
嘿，我是瑞克，
00:39
Hi! I'm Rick.
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00:41
I'm a politician.
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我是一个政客。
00:43
I'm sorry.
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非常抱歉。
00:47
How many in here have heard
of the Swedish Pirate Party before?
of the Swedish Pirate Party before?
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你们中有多少之前听说过
瑞典海盗党？
瑞典海盗党？
让我们看看有多少人举手。
00:50
Let's see a show of hands.
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00:53
OK, that's practically everybody.
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好吧，基本上每个人
都有听说过，
都有听说过，
也许是因为我们是
瑞典的邻居。
瑞典的邻居。
00:54
Probably due to the fact
that we are Sweden's neighbor.
that we are Sweden's neighbor.
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我常常问人们是否听说过
任何其它党派，
任何其它党派，
00:57
I frequently ask how many have heard
of any other political party
of any other political party
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在观众中只是零零星星几个人。
01:01
and there's always
just scattered hands in the audience
just scattered hands in the audience
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相比较，刚刚的第一个问题
有一半到三分之二的人举手。
有一半到三分之二的人举手。
01:03
compared to this first question
which is one-half to two-thirds.
which is one-half to two-thirds.
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真的挺不一样的。
01:07
This is actually the first time ever
that does not match.
that does not match.
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几乎所有人都举手了。
01:09
It was practically everybody.
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01:12
So, for those who haven't heard of us:
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那么，对于那些没有听说过我们的，
我们海盗党，我们喜爱网络。
01:15
well, the Pirate Party, we love the net.
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01:19
We love copying and sharing,
and we love civil liberties.
and we love civil liberties.
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我们喜爱拷贝和分享
而且我们热爱公民自由。
而且我们热爱公民自由。
01:24
For that, some people call us pirates.
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因为那些原因，
有些人把我们叫做海盗（盗版）。
有些人把我们叫做海盗（盗版）。
01:27
Probably in an attempt to make us
bow our heads and feel shame.
bow our heads and feel shame.
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也许是想有意羞辱我们，
让我们站不直腰板。
让我们站不直腰板。
但对我们却没有起到什么作用。
01:30
That didn't work very well.
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我们决定站直腰板，
01:32
We decided to stand tall about it instead.
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所以，在2006年
我创立了一个新的政党，
我创立了一个新的政党，
01:34
And so in 2006,
I founded a new political party.
I founded a new political party.
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01:38
I led it for its first five years.
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开始的五年，我引领着这个党。
01:40
And the European elections,
the last European elections,
the last European elections,
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在最近几次欧洲选举中，
我们变成了最大的
01:43
we became the largest party
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和最受30岁以下的
年轻人欢迎的党派。
年轻人欢迎的党派。
01:46
and the most coveted
youth demographic, sub-30.
youth demographic, sub-30.
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01:50
And what's interesting is we did that
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我们用了不到竞争者1%的预算
01:52
on less than one percent
of the competition's budget.
of the competition's budget.
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做出了这个成绩。
01:58
We had a campaign budget
total of 50,000 euros.
total of 50,000 euros.
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我们的竞选总预算是5万欧元。
02:03
They had six million between them --
and we beat them.
and we beat them.
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他们有6百万欧元，
我们战胜了他们。
我们战胜了他们。
02:08
That gave us a cost efficiency advantage
of over two orders of magnitude.
of over two orders of magnitude.
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我们的成本效率优势
是其他党派的两个数量级。
是其他党派的两个数量级。
02:16
And I'm gonna share
the secret recipe of how we did that.
the secret recipe of how we did that.
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现在我将要分享
我们的成功秘笈。
我们的成功秘笈。
02:23
We developed swarm methodologies.
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我们发展了集群智能方法。
02:27
And they can be applied
to any business or social cause.
to any business or social cause.
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它们可以应用于任何商业或
社会问题上。
社会问题上。
02:33
Well, almost any --
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好吧，几乎是“任何”，
02:35
there's a small asterisk by the end,
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“任何”上打着一个小星号，
我一会儿将给予解释。
02:36
and I'll get to that in just a minute.
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02:39
But applying these --
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但是应用这些－－
我们实践了这个方法许多次，
它是非常有效的。
它是非常有效的。
02:40
and we've done this dozens of times,
we know that this works.
we know that this works.
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02:44
We've put two people
in the European Parliament,
in the European Parliament,
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我们的两位成员已入驻欧洲议会，
我党在德国各个州立议会中
已有45名议员，
已有45名议员，
02:47
we have 45 people
in various German state parliaments,
in various German state parliaments,
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我们在冰岛议会，捷克参议院，
02:50
we're in the Icelandic parliament,
the Czech senate,
the Czech senate,
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在很多，很多地方议会
生根发芽。
生根发芽。
02:53
many, many, many more, local councils --
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我党已经扩展到了70个国家。
02:55
and, as said, we've spread
to 70 countries.
to 70 countries.
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02:58
And that's not bad
for a political movement
for a political movement
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对一个成立不到十年的政治运动来说，
这个成绩不算坏。
03:00
that hasn't even been around for a decade.
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03:05
So today we're going
to talk a bit about --
to talk a bit about --
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所以今天，我们要讨论的是：
03:09
how people are motivated
to be part of change,
to be part of change,
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人们是如何被鼓舞参与变革，
03:14
to be part of something
bigger than themselves.
bigger than themselves.
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投身于大于自身的运动中。
03:17
And how you can channel this
into an organization
into an organization
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以及你该如何把这种精神
引导到你的组织中，
引导到你的组织中，
03:21
that harnesses this great power of wanting
to make the world a better place.
to make the world a better place.
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善用“让世界变得更美好”
这思想的巨大力量。
这思想的巨大力量。
03:29
And in the end,
come out a little on the better.
come out a little on the better.
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最后，不断得出更好的结果。
03:36
When I speak to businesspeople,
I frequently make them very upset
I frequently make them very upset
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当我和商人们交谈时，
当我提出与其相异的观点，
当我提出与其相异的观点，
他们会特别生气。
03:40
when I contradict them
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03:42
and say that no, your employees
are not your most valuable asset.
are not your most valuable asset.
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我告诉他们说，不，你的雇员
不是你最宝贵的资产。
不是你最宝贵的资产。
03:49
Your most valuable asset
is the thousands of people
is the thousands of people
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你最宝贵的资产
是成千上万的
是成千上万的
想为你免费工作的人。
03:53
who want to work for you for free.
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03:55
And you don't let them.
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你还不让他们。
03:59
They get very upset about that.
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他们对此感到非常不安。
04:03
A swarm is a congregation
of tens of thousands of volunteers
of tens of thousands of volunteers
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集群由成千上万的志愿者组成，
他们自愿地聚焦在
一个共同的目标上。
一个共同的目标上。
04:09
that have chosen of their own will
to converge on a common goal.
to converge on a common goal.
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04:14
There's this "Futurama" quote:
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“飞出个未来”里面有一句台词：
04:19
"When push comes to shove,
you gotta do what you love --
you gotta do what you love --
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“到了紧要关头，
你必须做你喜欢做的事，
你必须做你喜欢做的事，
04:24
even if it's not a good idea."
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即使那不是个好主意。”
04:25
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
说真的，
什么样的蠢蛋会认为
什么样的蠢蛋会认为
04:27
I mean, seriously,
what kind of idiot thinks
what kind of idiot thinks
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他们可以通过建立一个
党派来改变世界？
党派来改变世界？
04:29
they can change the world
by starting a political party?
by starting a political party?
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04:34
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:36
This kind of idiot, apparently.
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我这样的蠢蛋，很明显。
04:37
But it works!
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但这竟然行得通！
你要做的是迈出第一步。
04:40
What you need to do
is to put a stake in the ground.
is to put a stake in the ground.
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你需要宣告你的目标。
04:43
You need to announce your goal.
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04:45
Just say, "I want to accomplish this."
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就说，“我想要完成这个。”
04:49
I'm going to do this.
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我要去达到这个目标。
04:52
And it doesn't need to be very costly.
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这不一定会很费钱。
我的宣言仅仅是在一个
聊天频道里的两行话。
聊天频道里的两行话。
04:56
My announcement was
just two lines in a chat channel.
just two lines in a chat channel.
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“嘿，看，海盗党在新年后
有了自己的网站。”
有了自己的网站。”
05:01
"Hey, look, the Pirate Party
has its website up now after New Year's."
has its website up now after New Year's."
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05:05
And the address.
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并附上网址。
那是我所做的全部广告。
05:06
That was all the advertising I ever did.
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一下子就有了几百名积极分子
想要和我们合作。
想要和我们合作。
05:08
The next time I had several hundred
activists wanting to work with us.
activists wanting to work with us.
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当你提供了一个如此有凝聚力的点，
05:13
When you provide such a focus point,
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05:16
a swarm intelligence emerges.
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集群智能就出现了。
05:19
When people can rally to a flag.
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人们可以团结在一面旗帜下。
05:22
And that's what gives you this two orders
of magnitude of cost efficiency.
of magnitude of cost efficiency.
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这些可以为你提高两个
数级量的成本效率。
数级量的成本效率。
05:28
It's a huge advantage --
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这是一个巨大的优势——
05:30
you're running circles
around all the legacy organizations.
around all the legacy organizations.
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你大大超越了所有传统的组织。
05:35
And there are four goals
that need to be fulfilled in your goal
that need to be fulfilled in your goal
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你的目标需要实现四项标准，
它才可以实现。
05:39
in order for this to work.
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05:42
These four criteria
are that your goal must be:
are that your goal must be:
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你的目标必须要符合这四个标准：
05:46
tangible, credible, inclusive and epic.
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切实，可信，
包容，以及伟大。
包容，以及伟大。
05:53
Let's take a look at them:
It needs to be tangible.
It needs to be tangible.
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让我们看看这些：
你的目标必须是切实的。
你的目标必须是切实的。
05:56
A lot of people say,
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有许多人说，
“我们应该把世界变得更好。”
05:57
"Well, you know, we should make
the world a better place,"
the world a better place,"
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或者，“我们现在应该感觉很好。”
06:00
or, "Yeah, we should all feel good now."
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这些不可行。
06:05
Not going to work.
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你需要有分明的调理。
06:07
You need a binary.
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我们成功了? 还是没有达成目标？
06:09
Are we there yet, or are we not there yet?
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你的目标必须是可信的。
06:12
It needs to be credible.
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你发出的项目计划
需要让人看到
需要让人看到
06:13
Somebody seeing the project plan
that you're posting needs to see
that you're posting needs to see
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06:16
that, yes, this project plan will take us
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它可以把我们
06:19
from where we are to where we want to be.
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从原地带引到
我们想达到的地方。
我们想达到的地方。
你必须把你的目标切分成
06:21
You need to break it down into subgoals
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06:23
that each by themselves
are seen as doable,
are seen as doable,
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可付诸实践的子目标，
06:26
and when you add the subgoals together,
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当达成了所有子目标时，
我们就到了我们想去的地方。
06:28
we've gone to where we want.
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它必须——
06:31
It needs to be --
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这就是集群智能让人兴奋的地方——
06:32
and this is where it gets exciting
in terms of working swarmwise --
in terms of working swarmwise --
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它必须是包容的。
06:36
it needs to be inclusive.
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任何看到项目计划的人会立刻说，
06:38
Anybody who sees this project plan
needs to immediately say,
needs to immediately say,
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06:41
"I want to do this --
and there's my spot!"
and there's my spot!"
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“我想要做这个，那是我的位置！”
06:46
And they will be able
to jump right into the project
to jump right into the project
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他们能够立马付诸实践
并在无需任何人许可的
情况下开始实施计划。
情况下开始实施计划。
06:49
and start working on it
without asking anybody's permission.
without asking anybody's permission.
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那正是将要发生的。
06:55
And that is exactly what'll happen.
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06:58
And, last but not least,
it needs to be epic.
it needs to be epic.
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最后，你的目标必须是伟大的。
它必须使人感到激情。
它必须令人迸出火花。
它必须令人迸出火花。
07:03
It needs to energize people.
It needs to electrify people.
It needs to electrify people.
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07:07
Shoot for the moon!
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向月球出发！
07:10
On second thought,
don't shoot for the moon,
don't shoot for the moon,
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现在想想，不要向月球出发，
我们已经到过那个地方了——
向火星出发！
向火星出发！
07:12
we've already been there --
shoot for Mars!
shoot for Mars!
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（笑声）
07:15
(Laughter)
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与此相反，
07:19
In contrast,
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07:21
you will never be able
to get a volunteer swarm forming
to get a volunteer swarm forming
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一个志愿集群永远不会聚集
去完成最正确的税务审计。
07:26
around making the most
correct tax audit ever.
correct tax audit ever.
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它不会使人迸出火花的，
向火星出发！
向火星出发！
07:33
Doesn't electrify people. Go to Mars.
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很多人在障碍面前会望而却步。
07:38
A lot of people
kind of balk at the obstacles.
kind of balk at the obstacles.
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07:40
We're going to climb a huge mountain.
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我们要去攀爬一个巨大的山峰。
07:43
So how do you motivate people to do that?
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那么，你如何鼓舞人们？
07:45
Well, it turns out
that obstacles are not the problem.
that obstacles are not the problem.
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结果证明，障碍不是问题。
不知道障碍才是问题。
07:49
Not knowing the obstacles is the problem.
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07:51
If you know how high the mountain is,
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如果你知道山有多高，
07:53
you know exactly
what it takes to scale it.
what it takes to scale it.
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你知道去测量它需要什么。
07:56
We know exactly how far away Mars is
and what it takes to get there.
and what it takes to get there.
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我们确切地知道火星有多远
以及如何去那里。
以及如何去那里。
如果你像一个项目一样去规划它，
08:00
If you can plan it like a project,
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08:03
you can plan what resources you need
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你可以计划你需要的资源，
你就可以执行它，就像执行项目一样。
08:05
and you can execute it,
exactly like a project.
exactly like a project.
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让我们看看：我们要去火星，
08:08
Let's see: we're going to Mars,
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08:10
we need two dozen
volunteer rocket scientists,
volunteer rocket scientists,
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我们需要24个火箭科学家志愿者，
12个冶金学家志愿者，
08:13
one dozen volunteer metallurgists,
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还有些能在自家的后院
混合火箭燃料的疯子，
混合火箭燃料的疯子，
08:16
some crazy dude who will mix
rocket fuel in his backyard
rocket fuel in his backyard
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08:20
and so on.
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以及诸如此类。
当你能列出资源清单，
你知道到达那你需要什么。
你知道到达那你需要什么。
08:22
When you can list the resources,
you know what you need to get there.
you know what you need to get there.
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08:26
When you know what you need
to get there, you can go there.
to get there, you can go there.
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当你知道需要什么才能到达那，
你就可以去那。
你就可以去那。
然后下一个事情是鼓励
这个集群智慧的发展，
这个集群智慧的发展，
08:32
And the next thing is to encourage
this development of a swarm intelligence,
this development of a swarm intelligence,
150
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08:38
which is where
the cost efficiency comes in.
the cost efficiency comes in.
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这正是成本效率显现的地方。
有一个TED的演讲
打破了我们为钱工作这一谎言，
打破了我们为钱工作这一谎言，
08:42
There's a TED Talk on motivation
that debunks that we work for money,
that debunks that we work for money,
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它用科学证明了
当我们面对大型的创意性工作时，
当我们面对大型的创意性工作时，
08:49
and it presents science on how
we're really motivated by three things,
we're really motivated by three things,
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当我们投身于比自己更大的号召时，
08:55
in terms of larger creative tasks,
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我们会被三个因素激励。
08:57
when we work for something
bigger than ourselves.
bigger than ourselves.
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我们为自主权，掌控，和意义工作。
09:00
We work for autonomy, mastery and purpose.
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我们已经讲过意义了。
09:06
We've covered purpose already.
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09:08
As in, working for something bigger,
tangible, credible, inclusive and epic.
tangible, credible, inclusive and epic.
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就是为一些更远大的，切实的
可信的，包容的和伟大的事情工作。
可信的，包容的和伟大的事情工作。
那个 TED 演讲结束时，
09:14
So, where that motivation talk ends,
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09:18
what it doesn't answer is,
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它没有回答的是，
09:21
how do you build an organization
that harnesses this motivational power.
that harnesses this motivational power.
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你如何利用这种激励力量
来建立一个组织。
来建立一个组织。
这正是集群参与的意义，
09:27
And this is where
working swarmwise comes in,
working swarmwise comes in,
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这就是集群智能起作用的地方。
09:30
this is where swarm intelligence comes in.
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09:32
Turns out that there are three factors
that you optimize for --
that you optimize for --
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我们发现，有三个需要你去优化的因素，
09:36
and each of these are in complete opposite
to what you learn at a business school.
to what you learn at a business school.
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每一个都和你在
商学院学到的完全相反。
商学院学到的完全相反。
但是它们是可行的。
09:42
But it works.
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09:44
We know it works.
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我们知道它们非常有效。
09:45
We have people in many, many
parliaments to prove it.
parliaments to prove it.
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我党成功进入
许多议会的成员就可以证明这点。
许多议会的成员就可以证明这点。
09:50
Those three factors are:
speed, trust and scalability.
speed, trust and scalability.
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这三个因素是：速度，信任和延展性。
我们通过清除回路中的瓶颈
来优化速度，
来优化速度，
09:57
We optimize for speed
by cutting bottlenecks out of the loop,
by cutting bottlenecks out of the loop,
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将它们从决策过程中去除。
10:01
cutting them out of the decision loop.
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10:03
That means cutting yourself
out of the decision loop,
out of the decision loop,
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这意味着把自己排除在
决策回路之外，
决策回路之外，
10:07
which can be hard.
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这会很艰难。
10:08
But you've got to communicate your vision
so passionately, so strongly,
so passionately, so strongly,
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但你必须充满激情地把你的想法
与他人交流，
与他人交流，
10:14
that everybody knows what the goal is
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让每个人都知道目标是什么,
10:17
and can find something, some step
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让他们可以发现一些事情，
一些步骤
一些步骤
10:20
that takes the movement
just a little closer to that goal.
just a little closer to that goal.
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一起让这个运动一点点靠近那个目标。
当成千上万人每周都这样做时，
10:24
And when tens of thousands of people
do that on a weekly basis,
do that on a weekly basis,
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你就成为一股不可阻止的力量。
10:29
you become an unstoppable force.
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10:32
We had a three-person rule
in our organization,
in our organization,
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我们组织里有一条三人原则，
10:35
saying that if three self-identified
volunteers in the movement
volunteers in the movement
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如果有三名自认志愿者
10:39
were in agreement that something
was good for the movement,
was good for the movement,
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都一致认为一件事对运动有好处，
那么，最高层会开绿灯，
10:42
they had the green light
from the highest office
from the highest office
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让他们以组织的名义
来继续推进和行动，
来继续推进和行动，
10:44
to go ahead and act
in the name of the organization,
in the name of the organization,
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其中包括使用组织资源。
10:46
including spending resources.
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当你和传统的生意人
10:49
When you talk about
this kind of empowerment
this kind of empowerment
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讨论这样一种授权时，
10:51
to traditional businesspeople,
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10:53
they think you belong in a zoo.
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他们认为你是动物园来的。
但是你知道吗？
10:56
But you know what?
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10:58
I led this organization for five years,
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我领导这个组织5年了，
有50,000注册成员
11:01
there were 50,000 registered members
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4216
11:05
and many, many more anonymous activists.
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并且很多，更多都是匿名积极分子。
11:08
It was not abused once.
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2080
它一次也没有被滥用。
每个人有通向宝箱的钥匙，
11:12
Everybody had the key
to the treasure chest.
to the treasure chest.
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它没有被滥用过一次。
11:14
It was not abused one single time.
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当你给人们城堡的钥匙时，
11:17
Turns out when you give people
the keys to the castle,
the keys to the castle,
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2896
11:20
and look them in the eye
and say, "I trust you,"
and say, "I trust you,"
197
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3480
并看着他们的眼睛说“我信任你”，
他们全力以赴起来。
11:25
they step up to the plate.
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1600
11:28
And that's a beautiful thing
to see happen.
to see happen.
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这是一件美妙的事情。
11:32
Obviously, not everything
went according to plan,
went according to plan,
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2336
显然，不是每件事情都会按计划发生，
11:34
but that's a different thing.
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但那是另外一回事。
我们会犯错误，
我们也应该预期到错误。
我们也应该预期到错误。
11:36
We made mistakes.
We should expect mistakes.
We should expect mistakes.
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如果你在某些事情上领先，
那意味着你一定
那意味着你一定
11:38
If you're pioneering something,
that means you must, by definition,
that means you must, by definition,
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要冒险进入未知领域。
11:42
venture into the unknown.
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1856
11:44
When you're trying the unknown,
some things won't go as planned.
some things won't go as planned.
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当你尝试未知事物时，
有些事情就不会按照计划来。
有些事情就不会按照计划来。
11:47
That's part of the definition
of venturing into the unknown.
of venturing into the unknown.
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2896
这就是冒险进入未知世界的定义。
11:50
To find the great,
you must allow mistakes to happen.
you must allow mistakes to happen.
207
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4096
要追寻伟大，你必须允许错误发生。
所以我们必须传达
我们会预期到问题的出现，
我们会预期到问题的出现，
11:54
So you must communicate
that we expect some things to go wrong
that we expect some things to go wrong
208
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3856
11:58
to create a risk-positive environment.
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创造一个将风险积极化的环境。
12:03
Therefore we optimize for iteration speed.
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4240
因此我们优化迭代速度。
12:07
Meaning that we try, we fail,
we try again, we fail faster,
we try again, we fail faster,
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4456
意味着我们尝试，我们失败，
我们再尝试，我们败得更快，
我们再尝试，我们败得更快，
12:12
we fail better, we try again,
we fail better again.
we fail better again.
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我们败得更好，我们再次尝试，
我们再次败得更好。
我们再次败得更好。
12:15
Maybe after we've tried 15 times,
we've mastered some specific subject,
we've mastered some specific subject,
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4336
也许在我们尝试了15次后，
我们掌握到了特定技能，
我们掌握到了特定技能，
所以你需要缩短这15次尝试的时间。
12:20
so you want to minimize the time
it takes to try those 15 times.
it takes to try those 15 times.
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我们优化信任，
我们鼓励多样性。
我们鼓励多样性。
12:24
We optimize on trust.
We encourage diversity.
We encourage diversity.
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2680
你需要强烈传达你的愿景，
12:27
You need to communicate
your vision so strongly
your vision so strongly
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2256
这样每个人都可以把
它转变为自己的理解，
它转变为自己的理解，
12:29
so that everybody can translate it
into their own context
into their own context
217
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4896
因为语言是一种非常强大的
12:34
because language is an incredibly strong
218
746640
3896
兼具包含性和排他性的社会标志。
12:38
inclusionary and exclusionary
social marker.
social marker.
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3800
12:44
This one-brand-fits-all message --
220
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3256
那些所谓的适用于任何企业的讯息，
忘掉它！
12:48
forget it!
221
760080
1216
那是商业院教你的东西——它行不通。
12:49
That's what they teach you
at business school -- it doesn't work.
at business school -- it doesn't work.
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或者至少，它不会给你
带来集群工作的
带来集群工作的
12:52
Or at least, it doesn't give you
the cost-efficiency advantage
the cost-efficiency advantage
223
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成本效率优势。
12:56
of working swarmwise.
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这会引发许多不同的方法在
13:00
This leads to a lot of different
approaches tried in parallel
approaches tried in parallel
225
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不同的社会群体中并行地尝试，
13:03
in different social groups
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1616
13:05
who try out different methods
of working toward the goal.
of working toward the goal.
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4000
尝试不同的方法来实现目标。
其中有些行得通，
13:10
Some of them will work
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但是为了发现最好的方法，
你需要多样化。
你需要多样化。
13:11
but in order to find the great ones,
you need this diversity.
you need this diversity.
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4056
你需要沟通，我们需要多样性。
13:16
And you need to communicate
that we need that diversity.
that we need that diversity.
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3456
13:19
If somebody on this side
does not understand
does not understand
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2656
如果这边有人不明白
13:22
what those guys are doing,
232
794200
1440
那边的人在干啥，
这是可接受的，因为我们相信
彼此都是为了更好的运动工作。
彼此都是为了更好的运动工作。
13:24
that's OK because we all trust each other
to work for the better of the movement.
to work for the better of the movement.
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我不明白他们的社会背景
也是可以的。
也是可以的。
13:28
And it's OK that I don't understand
their social context.
their social context.
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3456
13:31
I'm not expected to --
I understand my social context.
I understand my social context.
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我不期望－
我明白我的社会背景。
我明白我的社会背景。
我贡献我知道的东西。
13:34
I contribute with something I know.
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让人们意识到多样性，
13:37
Make people aware of this diversity.
237
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1736
13:39
Finally, scalability.
Get feet on the ground.
Get feet on the ground.
238
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最后，规模化的，脚踏实地。
再一次，在商学院，他们教授你
使用精简的组织结构。
使用精简的组织结构。
13:42
Again, in business school,
they teach you to use a lean organization.
they teach you to use a lean organization.
239
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3456
忘掉它。
13:46
Forget that.
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1200
一开始就扩大组织规模。
13:48
Just scale up the organization
from the get-go.
from the get-go.
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820320
2216
从10,000个空盒子和一张覆盖到
13:50
Start with 10,000 empty boxes
and an org chart
and an org chart
242
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2896
13:53
covering down to every minor city.
243
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每个小城市的组织结构图开始。
当您在这样的框架中有
13:56
When you have lots and lots
of small responsibilities
of small responsibilities
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很多很多小的职责来支持群体，
13:59
in such a scaffolding
that supports the swarm,
that supports the swarm,
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14:03
supports the activists,
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支持积极分子时，
14:05
you'll find that these boxes
in the org charts
in the org charts
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您会发现组织结构图中的这些框
被很快地填满，
14:09
are getting filled in quite rapidly,
248
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3216
14:12
and they start to get filled in
beyond your horizon
beyond your horizon
249
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2536
并且它们开始在你的视野之外
14:14
with people you've never heard of.
250
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被你从未听说过的人填满。
14:17
And so, this swarm keeps growing
to tens of thousands of people,
to tens of thousands of people,
251
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于是，这个群体持续增长到
成千上万的人，
成千上万的人，
14:24
each taking on something small
with very, very decentralized mandate
with very, very decentralized mandate
252
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每个人都承担着组织一些很小，很小，
非常分散的任务。
14:29
to act on the organization.
253
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14:31
And this is when
a swarm intelligence emerges.
a swarm intelligence emerges.
254
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这就是集群智能出现的时候。
你就有了蜂箱逻辑，
每个人都知道该做什么。
每个人都知道该做什么。
14:34
This is when you have this beehive logic
where everybody knows what's to be done.
where everybody knows what's to be done.
255
866760
5416
14:40
Everybody is taking
their own small steps towards it.
their own small steps towards it.
256
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每个人在超着目标迈出
他们自己的一小步。
他们自己的一小步。
14:43
So the swarm starts to act
as a coherent organism.
as a coherent organism.
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所以集群开始表现得像
一个连贯的有机体。
一个连贯的有机体。
这是一件很不可思议的事。
14:49
And it's amazing to watch.
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1960
14:52
This is when you're awarded
by the cost-efficiency advantage
by the cost-efficiency advantage
259
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这就是在和你的竞争者相比时，
你的成本效益好于对方
14:56
over your competitors
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两个数量级。
14:59
by two orders of magnitude.
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两个数量级。
15:03
Two orders of magnitude.
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1600
15:05
This is not just a silver bullet.
263
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这不仅仅是个灵丹妙药。
15:08
So we've been talking a lot
about the big picture today.
about the big picture today.
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所以我们今天谈论了
很多大方向的东西。
很多大方向的东西。
你可以将集群的原理
运用在很多事情上
运用在很多事情上
15:12
You can use these swarm methods
for a lot of stuff.
for a lot of stuff.
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你想要改变世界吗？
15:15
Do you want to change the world?
266
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1856
15:17
Do you want to bring clean water
to a billion people?
to a billion people?
267
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2496
你想要给数亿人带去
干净的饮用水吗？
干净的饮用水吗？
你想要教授数亿人读书吗？
15:19
Teach three billion people to read?
268
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1696
也许你想要社会变革；
15:21
Maybe you're into social change;
269
913280
1576
你想要引进无条件的基本收入。
15:22
you want to introduce
unconditional basic income.
unconditional basic income.
270
914880
2616
15:25
Or maybe you want
to take humanity to Mars.
to take humanity to Mars.
271
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2120
或者也许你想把人类带到火星上去，
你可以用这些方法做这些事情。
15:28
You can do this using these methods.
272
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2520
你可以做到。
15:31
You can do this.
273
923360
1416
这事关领导力。
15:32
It's about leadership.
274
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这关于决定你想做什么，
然后告诉全世界。
然后告诉全世界。
15:34
It's about deciding what you want to do
and telling it to the world.
and telling it to the world.
275
926040
4600
因为无论你认为你
能不能改变世界，
能不能改变世界，
15:39
Because no matter whether you think
you can or cannot change the world,
you can or cannot change the world,
276
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6320
无论你认为能不能改变世界，
15:46
no matter whether you think
you can or cannot change the world,
you can or cannot change the world,
277
938680
3280
你有可能是对的。
15:51
you are probably right.
278
943080
1400
所以，一个我想今天在坐的
各位问自己的问题是
各位问自己的问题是
15:56
So one question I want everybody here
to ask themselves today
to ask themselves today
279
948160
4296
改变不是就那样发生的，
是有人使它发生的——
是有人使它发生的——
16:00
is the observation that change doesn't
just happen, somebody makes it happen --
just happen, somebody makes it happen --
280
952480
5440
你想要成为那个人吗？
16:07
do you want to be that person?
281
959560
1440
你想不想成为那个人？
16:10
Do you want to be that person?
282
962800
1429
16:14
And then one last thing:
283
966480
3080
然后最后一件事：
还有一件集群工作所需要的组件
16:20
There's one component more
that's required to work swarmwise
that's required to work swarmwise
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我还没有提及。
16:24
that I haven't mentioned yet.
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那就是乐趣。
16:26
And that is fun.
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这不仅仅是享受你的工作，
16:29
This goes beyond just enjoying your job,
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16:32
this goes beyond having
a pinball machine in the office.
a pinball machine in the office.
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这不止是在办公室
放置一个弹球机器。
放置一个弹球机器。
16:37
Because this is actually required
to succeed in a swarmwise scenario.
to succeed in a swarmwise scenario.
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这对于集群智能的起效
是必须要具备的。
是必须要具备的。
这是要达到两个数量级
16:43
This is required to succeed
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的成本效益优势所必须的。
16:45
to get that cost-efficiency advantage
of two orders of magnitude.
of two orders of magnitude.
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16:50
For the reason that you need
to attract volunteers.
to attract volunteers.
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出于吸引志愿者的缘故。
16:54
And people, in this aspect,
are rather predictable.
are rather predictable.
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以及人，在这方面说
是非常可预测的。
是非常可预测的。
16:59
People will go to other people
who are having fun.
who are having fun.
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人们会找那些玩的开心的人。
17:05
In contrast, they will walk an extra mile
to avoid people who are not having fun.
to avoid people who are not having fun.
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反之，他们会尽量避开那些
不会享受有趣事物的人。
不会享受有趣事物的人。
所以，享受乐趣不仅仅是
在办公室放个弹珠机器。
在办公室放个弹珠机器。
17:14
So, having fun is more than just
having a pinball machine in the office.
having a pinball machine in the office.
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这绝对是集群工作，
17:20
It's an absolute
and unavoidable requirement
and unavoidable requirement
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17:25
for organizational and operational success
when you're working swarmwise.
when you're working swarmwise.
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组织和运营成功不可避免的要求。
17:30
So, in summary --
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所以，总结一下——
一个使用这些激励方法
17:35
a recipe for a swarm organization
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的蜂群组织来获得
巨大竞争优势的秘诀。
巨大竞争优势的秘诀。
17:38
using these motivational methods
to a huge competitive advantage.
to a huge competitive advantage.
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17:45
Your goal: it needs to be tangible,
credible, inclusive and epic.
credible, inclusive and epic.
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你的目标：它必须是具体的，
可信的，包容性的和伟大的。
可信的，包容性的和伟大的。
你的组织需要优化速度，信任和规模。
17:53
Your organization needs to be optimized
for speed, trust and scalability.
for speed, trust and scalability.
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你必须享受你自己。
18:01
You need to enjoy yourselves.
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它就会以两个数量级
18:03
And that will reward you
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18:05
with two orders of magnitude
of cost-efficiency advantage.
of cost-efficiency advantage.
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的成本效益优势给你回报。
谢谢！
18:09
Thank you.
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（鼓掌）
18:10
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rick Falkvinge -Rick Falkvinge, didn’t plan on becoming a politician, but his dedication to civil liberties and internet sovereignty led to him founding the Swedish Pirate Party in 2006.
Why you should listen
Rick Falkvinge went from entrepreneur to politician on January 1st, 2006, when he launched the Pirate Party website, forming a political party that called for sensible copyright laws and protection of civil liberties online. Just three years later, the Pirate Party won two seats in European Parliament. In 2011, Falkvinge stepped down as leader of the Swedish Pirate Party to devote more time to speaking about copyright law, internet sovereignty and information policy. Foreign Policy magazine named him one of the top 100 global thinkers of 2011, and he has been nominated as one of TIME’s 100 most influential people of 2012.
Rick Falkvinge | Speaker | TED.com