TED@UPS
Nikki Clifton: 3 ways businesses can fight sex trafficking
尼基·克利夫顿: 企业参与打击性交易的3种方式
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性交易不仅仅发生在城里的阴暗角落，夜深人静的街角，它也在网络上发生，就在工作日的某个时段，用的还是公司的设备和资源。律师尼基·克利夫顿认为，这种问题的存在也同样带来某种机会，因为这意味着商业社会有着得天独厚的优势，可以教育和动员自己的雇员同人口贩卖做斗争。这是一次真诚的演讲，克利夫顿介绍了公司可以如何提供帮助，从制定清晰的政策到雇佣幸存者。
Nikki Clifton - Attorney, government affairs professional
Nikki Clifton represents UPS's interests before Members of US Congress, federal agencies and the states’ Attorneys General. Full bio
Nikki Clifton represents UPS's interests before Members of US Congress, federal agencies and the states’ Attorneys General. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
A few years ago,
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几年前，
00:15
I got a call from the highest ranking
legal official in the state of Georgia:
legal official in the state of Georgia:
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我接到一个电话，
是佐治亚州最高法律长官
是佐治亚州最高法律长官
00:19
the attorney general.
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总检察长打来的。
00:21
That moment was a wake-up call.
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那个时刻，是唤醒我的时刻。
00:25
It was 2013, and the city of Atlanta
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那是2013年，亚特兰大市
00:28
was hosting the Final Four
basketball tournament.
basketball tournament.
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正在举办篮球4强赛。
00:32
The AG called to ask
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总检察长打电话来
是想问我公司能否赞助一些公告牌
00:33
if the company that I worked for
could help sponsor billboards
could help sponsor billboards
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00:37
that would be put up around the city
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摆在城市各处
00:39
as part of an anti-human
trafficking campaign.
trafficking campaign.
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作为反对贩卖人口
宣传活动的一部分。
宣传活动的一部分。
00:42
He said this was important
because sex trafficking spikes
because sex trafficking spikes
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他说这件事很重要，
因为性交易会在
因为性交易会在
00:47
with big sporting events
and with conventions.
and with conventions.
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大型体育赛事
和大型会议期间尖锐上涨。
和大型会议期间尖锐上涨。
00:51
And the billboards
would help to raise awareness.
would help to raise awareness.
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公告牌能很好地起到警醒的作用。
00:55
Now, if I'm being honest with you,
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好吧，如果实话实说，
00:57
my first inclination
was to politely decline.
was to politely decline.
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我的第一个反应是礼貌地拒绝他。
01:00
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
01:01
Let's face it --
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面对现实吧，
01:02
there are thousands of things that
corporate America could get involved in.
corporate America could get involved in.
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有那么多事情美国的公司可以参与。
01:07
Sex trafficking seemed a little messy.
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性交易看起来有点乱。
01:11
Little bit too difficult,
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有点困难，
01:13
something that is better
left for someone else.
left for someone else.
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最好交给别人来做。
01:16
But then I started to understand and learn
how big the problem really is.
how big the problem really is.
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但是后来我开始意识到
这个问题有多严重。
这个问题有多严重。
01:22
And that it's rampant
in my company's home town.
in my company's home town.
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而且在我公司所在地非常猖獗。
01:27
I lived and worked in Atlanta for years.
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我在亚特兰大
工作和生活了很多年。
工作和生活了很多年。
01:29
I practice law here.
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从事法律工作。
01:31
And yet, I had no idea
that the birthplace of my children
that the birthplace of my children
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而我并没有意识到，
我孩子出生的地方
我孩子出生的地方
01:35
is among the most prevalent cities
for sex trafficking in the US.
for sex trafficking in the US.
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是全美性交易最普遍的城市之一。
01:40
At last report,
Atlanta's illegal sex trade
Atlanta's illegal sex trade
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根据最新的报道，
亚特兰大的非法性交易总额
亚特兰大的非法性交易总额
01:44
has generated up to
290 million dollars a year.
290 million dollars a year.
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每年达到2.9亿美元。
01:50
That's more money that the city's
illegal gun and drug trade combined.
illegal gun and drug trade combined.
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这比全市非法枪支和毒品交易额
加起来还要大。
加起来还要大。
01:56
So we stepped up
and we helped with the billboards.
and we helped with the billboards.
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于是我们挺身而出了，
赞助了公告牌。
赞助了公告牌。
01:59
But I couldn't help feeling
like it wasn't enough.
like it wasn't enough.
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但我觉得这还不够。
02:02
The parent in me, the mother in me
needed to do more.
needed to do more.
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作为家长，作为母亲，
我需要做得更多。
我需要做得更多。
02:07
I started talking to people about this
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我开始跟大家讨论这件事，
02:09
and inevitably, I was surprised,
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不出所料，我被震惊了，
02:11
because the conversation
would turn from curiosity:
would turn from curiosity:
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因为这些对话从好奇：
02:15
"Really? This happens here?"
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“真的吗？在我们这儿？”
02:18
to empathy: "Wow, we've got
to do something about that."
to do something about that."
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到感同身受：
“哇，我们需要做点什么。”
“哇，我们需要做点什么。”
02:22
To blame: "You're not telling me that
every prostitute is a victim, are you?
every prostitute is a victim, are you?
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到谴责：“你不会想告诉我
每一个妓女都是受害者吧，是吗？
每一个妓女都是受害者吧，是吗？
02:27
I mean, don't they know
what they're getting into?"
what they're getting into?"
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难道她们不知道自己在做什么？”
02:30
I get it, I understand
why people are confused.
why people are confused.
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我明白，我理解
为什么大家会觉得疑惑。
为什么大家会觉得疑惑。
02:33
So, to be clear,
the people that I'm talking about
the people that I'm talking about
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先澄清一点，我说的这些人
02:36
do not choose this life.
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并没有如此选择自己的人生。
02:39
They're forced, defrauded or coerced.
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他们是被强迫，
被欺骗或者被威胁的。
被欺骗或者被威胁的。
02:43
That's actually the legal definition
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实际上这是联邦法律中
02:45
for human trafficking
under federal law, for adults.
under federal law, for adults.
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对于成年人人口贩卖的法律定义。
02:48
Now, when it comes to kids,
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而对于儿童，
02:51
any minor under 18 that's transported,
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任何18岁以下的未成年人被运送，
02:55
facilitated or used for commercial sex,
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促使或被用于商业性行为，
02:58
is automatically a victim.
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就会自动成为受害者。
03:00
Regardless of whether
force, fraud or coercion is used.
force, fraud or coercion is used.
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无论是否被强迫、
被欺骗或者被威胁。
被欺骗或者被威胁。
03:05
This crime knows no age,
gender or socioeconomic barrier.
gender or socioeconomic barrier.
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这种犯罪没有年龄、
性别或社会经济的区别。
性别或社会经济的区别。
03:12
I'm talking about the 16-year-old girl
that I met in Washington, DC.
that I met in Washington, DC.
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我在华盛顿D.C.
遇到了一个16岁的姑娘。
遇到了一个16岁的姑娘。
03:16
She had been trafficked
from the time she was 14 until she was 16.
from the time she was 14 until she was 16.
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她在14-16岁期间被贩卖。
03:21
She was a victim
of the foster care system.
of the foster care system.
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她是寄养系统的受害者。
03:24
And she told me she'd been sold
up to five times a day.
up to five times a day.
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她告诉我，曾经在一天
内被卖了5次。
内被卖了5次。
03:30
She didn't even know
the term "human trafficking;"
the term "human trafficking;"
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她甚至都不知道
“人口贩卖”这个词，
“人口贩卖”这个词，
她觉得，作为寄养的孩子，
这些就是她生活的一部分。
这些就是她生活的一部分。
03:32
she thought that it was just
a part of her life as a foster care kid.
a part of her life as a foster care kid.
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03:37
Sex trafficking also shows up
in affluent areas and gated communities.
in affluent areas and gated communities.
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性交易在富人区也会出现。
03:42
And men lure young girls
into sex trafficking situations
into sex trafficking situations
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男人引诱年轻女孩进行性交易，
03:47
with promises of modeling
contracts, cell phones.
contracts, cell phones.
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以模特合约，手机作为条件。
03:51
Sometimes they're just kidnapped
right off the street.
right off the street.
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有时候甚至在路边被直接绑走。
03:55
In the US, an estimated
200,000 to 300,000 girls and boys
200,000 to 300,000 girls and boys
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在美国，每年大约有
20-30万女孩和男孩
20-30万女孩和男孩
04:02
are anticipated to be used
for commercial sex trafficking every year.
for commercial sex trafficking every year.
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参与商业性交易。
04:08
You heard that right -- girls and boys.
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你没听错，既有女孩也有男孩。
04:12
Worldwide, the International
Labor Organization
Labor Organization
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全世界范围内，据国际劳工组织估算
04:16
estimates that up to
one million children a year
one million children a year
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每年大约有100万儿童
04:19
are vulnerable for sex trafficking.
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极易受到性交易的侵害。
04:21
Those numbers are huge.
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这是个巨大的数字。
04:23
And so while the billboards are great
for raising awareness generally,
for raising awareness generally,
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因此尽管公告牌对于
引起大众的警觉有很大作用，
引起大众的警觉有很大作用，
04:28
they're just not enough
to put an end to this problem.
to put an end to this problem.
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但对于解决问题却远远不够。
我相信，如果我们正视性交易，
04:32
I believe that if we're going to be
serious about sex trafficking,
serious about sex trafficking,
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04:36
we can't legislate or arrest our way
out of modern-day slavery.
out of modern-day slavery.
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我们就能立法或阻止
现代的奴隶制度。
现代的奴隶制度。
04:41
If we really want to end
sex trafficking in the US,
sex trafficking in the US,
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如果我们真的想制止美国的性交易，
04:45
we have to systematically educate
and target demand.
and target demand.
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我们需要系统地教育，认准需求。
04:49
And I think the business community
is in the perfect position
is in the perfect position
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我觉得商界是最适合
04:52
to do just that.
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来做这件事的。
04:55
So, sex trafficking is big business.
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性交易是一门大生意。
04:57
And I'm proposing a business plan
that starts with the customer.
that starts with the customer.
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我会从顾客端开始提一个商业计划。
05:03
And in the sex trade,
the customer is referred to as a John.
the customer is referred to as a John.
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我们假设性交易中的顾客叫约翰。
05:08
He is the man that fuels the demand
for sex trafficking.
for sex trafficking.
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他这样的人刺激了性交易的需求。
05:15
Johns do not fit into neat stereotypes.
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约翰当然不是谦谦君子。
05:18
But there is one universal truth:
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但有一个普遍真理：
05:21
no John, no buyer, no victim.
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没有约翰，没有买家，
就没有受害者。
就没有受害者。
05:25
So if we want to start
to put a dent in sex trafficking,
to put a dent in sex trafficking,
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所以我们如果想减少性交易的话，
我们就要找到约翰。
05:28
we have to get to John.
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05:29
And businesses can do that
while he's at work.
while he's at work.
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只要他在工作，
就能通过公司找到他。
就能通过公司找到他。
05:34
There's an organization called
Businesses Ending Slavery and Trafficking,
Businesses Ending Slavery and Trafficking,
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有一个组织叫
“公司终结奴隶制和人口贩卖”，
“公司终结奴隶制和人口贩卖”，
05:39
or BEST for short.
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或者简称“BEST”。
05:40
And when they launched in 2012,
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他们在2012年成立的时候，
05:43
they did a study of Seattle-based Johns.
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针对住在西雅图的
约翰们做了项调查。
约翰们做了项调查。
05:46
And you know what they found out?
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知道他们发现了什么吗？
05:48
Johns are everyday guys,
employed at local businesses.
employed at local businesses.
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约翰们都是普通人，
在当地公司上班。
在当地公司上班。
05:54
They range in age from 18 to 84.
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从18岁到84岁。
05:59
Johns are dads.
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很多人都是父亲。
06:02
Johns have admitted that they buy sex
when they are traveling for business,
when they are traveling for business,
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约翰们承认，
他们会在出差的时候，
他们会在出差的时候，
06:07
when they're going to sporting events
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会在看比赛的时候，
06:09
or when they're in the military.
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或者在军队服役期间购买性服务。
06:12
But here's the kicker.
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还有更惊人的。
06:15
BEST study determined
that web-based sex buying
that web-based sex buying
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BEST的研究表明，
在网站上的购买行为
在网站上的购买行为
06:20
spikes at 2pm in the afternoon.
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在下午2点的时候达到峰值。
06:26
Which means that these Johns are likely
buying sex in the middle of the workday.
buying sex in the middle of the workday.
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也就是说这些人
基本上会在上班的时候下单。
基本上会在上班的时候下单。
06:32
I believe that there is a way to stop
Johns in the middle of the workday
Johns in the middle of the workday
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我认为有办法阻止这些人
06:39
from buying sex.
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在工作日下单。
06:41
And businesses can do it
in three simple ways.
in three simple ways.
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公司可以用3种简单的方法
做到这一点。
做到这一点。
06:44
The first is with a policy.
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第一种是制定政策。
06:47
A policy that clearly says,
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明确规定，
06:50
the company prohibits
sex-buying during work,
sex-buying during work,
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公司禁止在工作期间购买性服务，
06:53
with company resources or on company time.
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使用公司资源或者占用工作时间。
06:57
That's right.
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是的。
我的意思是，我们的工作手册上，
应该明确举例说明，
应该明确举例说明，
06:59
I'm saying that your handbook
has to specifically give an example
has to specifically give an example
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出差期间禁止购买性服务，
07:02
that says no sex-buying
while you're traveling,
while you're traveling,
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07:04
at the international trade show,
because that's where it's happening.
because that's where it's happening.
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比如在某次国际贸易节上，
因为那就是经常发生性交易的地方。
因为那就是经常发生性交易的地方。
07:11
Now, a policy is only as good
as its enforcement and its communication.
as its enforcement and its communication.
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一项政策的好坏跟执行和传播有关。
07:17
Several studies have indicated from Johns
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多项研究表明，
07:19
that the best way to deter them
is public humiliation and embarrassment.
is public humiliation and embarrassment.
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对付约翰们最好的方式
就是公开的羞辱和难堪。
就是公开的羞辱和难堪。
07:25
So, businesses who catch Johns buying sex,
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因此，如果公司发现
约翰们购买性服务，
约翰们购买性服务，
07:29
using company-based equipment
or company resources,
or company resources,
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使用的是公司的设备或者资源，
07:33
but cut them a break
or sweep it under the rug
or sweep it under the rug
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却只是放他们几天假
或者睁只眼闭只眼
或者睁只眼闭只眼
07:35
and don't fire them,
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不解雇他们，
07:37
are complicit in fueling demand.
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就是变相满足他们的需求。
07:45
Now, a policy is one
of the best ways to start.
of the best ways to start.
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因此，制定政策
是最好的开始方式之一。
是最好的开始方式之一。
07:48
The second way is educating the workforce.
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第二种方法是对员工进行教育。
07:51
Businesses can go a long way
in simply training their workforce
in simply training their workforce
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公司可以长期对员工进行培训，
07:55
about the signs and the red flags
of human trafficking.
of human trafficking.
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告诉他们人口贩卖的征兆和危险信号。
07:59
This was my "aha!" moment for how
our company could make a big difference.
our company could make a big difference.
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这是我们公司
能发挥重大作用的关键时刻。
能发挥重大作用的关键时刻。
08:03
Our nation's highways,
airports and truck stops
airports and truck stops
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我们国家的高速公路、
机场和货车站点
机场和货车站点
08:07
are literally used
as modern-day slave routes.
as modern-day slave routes.
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被用作了现代的奴隶运输点。
08:12
Our company has more than 100,000 drivers
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我们公司有超过10万名司机
08:16
all over the country, all over the world.
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遍布全国和全世界。
08:19
And so it made perfect sense
to train them to see the red flags.
to train them to see the red flags.
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因此训练他们识别危险信号
就很有必要。
就很有必要。
08:23
We don't want them jumping out there
and doing things on their own,
and doing things on their own,
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我们并不想他们自己挺身而出，
单枪匹马解决问题，
单枪匹马解决问题，
我让他们打电话，拨热线，
08:26
so we want them to call
a phone number, the hotline,
a phone number, the hotline,
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08:30
and let law enforcement intervene.
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让执法部门介入。
08:33
So to do this, we teamed up
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为了实现这一点，我们与
08:35
with an organization
called Truckers Against Trafficking.
called Truckers Against Trafficking.
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一个名为
“卡车司机反对人口贩卖”的组织合作。
“卡车司机反对人口贩卖”的组织合作。
08:39
This Colorado-based organization
had web-based support and materials
had web-based support and materials
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这个组织位于科罗拉多州，
有网站提供支持，有宣传材料，
有网站提供支持，有宣传材料，
08:45
that we gave to our truck drivers
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提供给卡车司机们，
08:47
that gave them exactly what they needed
to spot the red flags.
to spot the red flags.
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让他们能准确识别危险信号。
08:51
Like, hearing CB chatter on their radios
about girls at nearby exits.
about girls at nearby exits.
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比如，听见民用波段中，
有人在讨论高速出口的姑娘们。
有人在讨论高速出口的姑娘们。
08:58
Or, seeing underaged women
emerging from vehicles
emerging from vehicles
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或者在卡车停靠点
09:02
in the truck stop parking lots.
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看到未成年女性下车。
09:05
When we rolled out this training,
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我们重复进行这样的训练，
09:07
a few brave drivers admitted
they had seen these women,
they had seen these women,
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有一些勇敢的司机
就会承认他们看到过这样的女人，
就会承认他们看到过这样的女人，
09:11
knocking on the cabs in the truck stops,
looking for customers.
looking for customers.
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在卡车停靠点敲驾驶室的门，
寻找顾客。
寻找顾客。
09:17
Now, they said that they weren't buying.
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他们说自己没有参与。
09:19
But they also didn't know
enough to make a call.
enough to make a call.
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但他们也同样没有打电话。
09:24
And that's what we want them to do.
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这就是我们想让他们做的。
09:27
TAT's organization --
Truckers Against Trafficking --
Truckers Against Trafficking --
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TAT组织——
“卡车司机反对人口贩卖”——
“卡车司机反对人口贩卖”——
09:30
also emphasizes the need
for men to talk to other men
for men to talk to other men
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同样强调，男人应该告诉其他男人
09:35
about web-based sex buying
and not buying commercial sex.
and not buying commercial sex.
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关于在线性交易网站的事，
劝他们不要进行商业性交易。
劝他们不要进行商业性交易。
09:39
They feature men in uniform,
proudly proclaiming why they don't buy.
proudly proclaiming why they don't buy.
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他们穿上制服，
骄傲地宣称自己为什么不参与。
骄傲地宣称自己为什么不参与。
09:44
If we're going to see
a cultural shift in this atrocity,
a cultural shift in this atrocity,
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如果我们想从文化层面
改变这种暴行，
改变这种暴行，
09:48
we need men talking to other men
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我们需要男人来劝说其他男人
09:51
about the underlying issues
fueling demand.
fueling demand.
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停止这种刺激需求的行为。
09:54
Because sometimes, Johns don't even know
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因为有时候，约翰们自己也不知道
09:56
that they're purchasing girls
who are enslaved.
who are enslaved.
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他们在购买服务的女孩是被奴役的。
10:00
Which brings me to my final way
that businesses can help.
that businesses can help.
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这就引出了公司
能提供帮助的最后一种方式。
能提供帮助的最后一种方式。
10:04
Every business has a special resource
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每家公司都有特别的
10:06
or a secret sauce or resource
that they can bring
that they can bring
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或者独特的资源
10:10
to fight human trafficking.
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能用来与人口贩卖做斗争。
10:13
For example, Visa, Master Card
and American Express
and American Express
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比如，维萨卡、万事达卡
和美国运通卡
和美国运通卡
10:16
refuse to process transactions
from backpage.com,
from backpage.com,
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可以拒绝在backpage.com
网站上进行支付，
网站上进行支付，
10:20
an online sex site
that sold commercial sex
that sold commercial sex
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这是一家在线性交易网站
10:24
to the tune of nine
million dollars a month.
million dollars a month.
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每月交易额达到900万美元。
10:29
In April of 2018, backpage.com
and affiliated websites were shut down,
and affiliated websites were shut down,
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2018年4月，backpage.com
及其下属网站被关停，
及其下属网站被关停，
10:34
and the FBI seized all their assets.
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联邦调查局查封了他们的资产。
10:37
Hiring survivors is another way
that any company can help.
that any company can help.
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任何一家公司还可以通过
雇佣受害者来提供帮助。
雇佣受害者来提供帮助。
10:42
Randstad, an organization
that works with companies
that works with companies
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Randstad，
是一家与公司开展合作的组织，
是一家与公司开展合作的组织，
10:45
to find survivors who need good jobs,
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它帮助寻找那些需要找工作的幸存者，
他们推出了一个非常好的项目，
叫“雇佣希望”。
叫“雇佣希望”。
10:49
has an excellent program,
called Hire Hope.
called Hire Hope.
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10:51
We've used this program;
we know that it works.
we know that it works.
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我们参与过这个项目，
知道它是有效的。
知道它是有效的。
10:55
In addition to training
their flight attendants
their flight attendants
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通过对空乘和机组人员
10:57
and their airline crew,
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进行附加训练，
10:59
Delta Air Lines also offers SkyMiles,
through a program called SkyWish,
through a program called SkyWish,
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达美航空公司
通过SkyWish项目提供里程积分，
通过SkyWish项目提供里程积分，
11:03
to survivors to help them
escape their traffickers
escape their traffickers
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帮助幸存者逃离人贩子
11:07
and reunite with their families.
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与家人团聚。
11:10
There are thousands of things
that businesses can do.
that businesses can do.
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企业可以做很多事情。
11:13
They just have to decide
what to do to join the fight.
what to do to join the fight.
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他们只需想清楚
如何来参与这场战斗。
如何来参与这场战斗。
11:18
No one can justify slavery today.
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今天无人能为奴隶制辩解。
11:21
But I believe it remains one
of the greatest civil rights atrocities
of the greatest civil rights atrocities
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但我相信，这仍然是
当今时代对公民权
当今时代对公民权
11:27
of our time.
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最大的践踏之一。
11:29
Fortunately, the business community
is uniquely positioned
is uniquely positioned
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幸运的是，商界位于独特的地位，
可以训练雇员，
11:33
to help train their employees,
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11:37
to enforce policies
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推进政策
11:40
and to help use their special resources
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利用他们特有的资源
11:44
to fight human trafficking.
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跟人口贩卖做斗争。
11:47
And what about you?
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那你们呢？
11:49
What if you decided
to learn the red flags?
to learn the red flags?
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是不是决定要学习那些危险的信号？
11:53
What if you decided to look
at the signs that are all around you
at the signs that are all around you
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是不是决定观察一下身边的种种迹象
11:56
and make a call?
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然后打电话？
11:58
There is no penalty
for calling law enforcement
for calling law enforcement
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给执法部门打电话，
12:01
when you see something
that doesn't sit right.
that doesn't sit right.
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通报你发现的异常情况，
你不会受罚。
你不会受罚。
12:06
Together, we can all protect our children,
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携起手来，
我们可以保护自己的孩子，
我们可以保护自己的孩子，
12:11
we can educate the workforces around us
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教育身边的员工，
12:14
and improve society,
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改良社会，
12:16
where we all live and work with John.
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毕竟，约翰就在你我身边。
12:23
Thank you.
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谢谢大家。
12:25
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nikki Clifton - Attorney, government affairs professionalNikki Clifton represents UPS's interests before Members of US Congress, federal agencies and the states’ Attorneys General.
Why you should listen
Nicole ("Nikki") Clifton is an attorney and government affairs professional with broad advocacy experience on Capitol Hill and in federal and state courts. Her expertise includes labor and workforce legislative and regulatory policy and transportation and logistics industry issues. Clifton recently spearheaded and coordinates UPS's nationwide anti-human trafficking awareness initiative, reaching more than 95,000 drivers and service providers.
Prior to government affairs, Clifton served as Labor & Employment Counsel for UPS in Atlanta, Georgia, and was in-house counsel to the UPS National Negotiating Committee during collective bargaining with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters in 2007. Clifton also served as UPS's Employment Counsel, managing employment litigation and providing counseling and training in all areas of employment law.
Before UPS, Clifton worked for Delta Air Lines as Flight Operations counsel. She also practiced labor and employment law with Alston & Bird LLP and Smith, Currie and Hancock, in Atlanta, Georgia.
Clifton received her B.A. magna cum laude in Communications from Howard University's Annenberg Honors Program and received her J.D. from the University of Georgia School Of Law. She is a member of the Georgia Bar and is admitted to practice before the United States Supreme Court. Clifton was selected as a member of Leadership Atlanta's Class of 2008 and served on the Board of Visitors for the University of Georgia School of Law. Clifton was inducted into the inaugural class of national 4-H Luminaries in 2017. She co-leads a Junior Girl Scout troop and volunteers with several non-profit organizations. She resides in Washington, D.C. and has two children.
Nikki Clifton | Speaker | TED.com