TEDxBend
Emilie Wapnick: Why some of us don't have one true calling
艾米丽·瓦普尼克: 为什么有些人总是找不到命中注定的职业
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
6,976,105 views
你长大之后想干什么？如果你不确定你是否愿意一辈子只做一件事，别担心，还有很多人和你一样。在这个具有启发性的演讲中，作家和艺术家艾米丽·瓦普尼克将这种人称为“多重潜力者”，她认为他们在一生中会有很多兴趣点，会尝试各种工作。你是其中一员吗？
Emilie Wapnick - Writer, coach, artist ...
Career coach Emilie Wapnick celebrates the "multipotentialite" -- those of us with many interests, many jobs over a lifetime, and many interlocking potentials. Full bio
Career coach Emilie Wapnick celebrates the "multipotentialite" -- those of us with many interests, many jobs over a lifetime, and many interlocking potentials. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Raise your hand if you've ever
been asked the question
been asked the question
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如果你们曾被问过这个问题，请举手
00:15
"What do you want to be when you grow up?"
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“你长大之后想干什么？”
00:18
Now if you had to guess,
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现在大家回想一下，
00:20
how old would you say you were
when you were first asked this question?
when you were first asked this question?
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你们第一次被问这个问题是多大？
你们可以举手指头来示意一下。
00:23
You can just hold up fingers.
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00:25
Three. Five. Three. Five. Five. OK.
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三岁，五岁，三岁，五岁，五岁，好的。
00:30
Now, raise your hand if the question
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接下来，如果刚刚说的这个问题，
00:35
"What do you want to be when you grow up?"
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“你长大之后想干什么？”
00:37
has ever caused you any anxiety.
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曾经让你感到焦虑，请举手。
00:39
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
00:41
Any anxiety at all.
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哪怕一点点焦虑。
00:45
I'm someone who's never
been able to answer the question
been able to answer the question
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我永远无法回答这个问题，
00:47
"What do you want to be when you grow up?"
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“你长大之后想干什么？”
00:50
See, the problem wasn't
that I didn't have any interests --
that I didn't have any interests --
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并不是说我没有兴趣爱好，
00:53
it's that I had too many.
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而是我的兴趣爱好太多。
00:55
In high school, I liked English
and math and art and I built websites
and math and art and I built websites
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高中的时候，我喜欢英语、
数学和艺术，建过网站
数学和艺术，建过网站
01:00
and I played guitar in a punk band
called Frustrated Telephone Operator.
called Frustrated Telephone Operator.
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在一个叫“失意电话话务员”
的朋克乐队当吉他手。
的朋克乐队当吉他手。
01:04
Maybe you've heard of us.
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也许你们还听说过我们乐队呢。
01:06
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
01:09
This continued after high school,
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高中毕业后我也依旧兴趣广泛，
01:11
and at a certain point, I began
to notice this pattern in myself
to notice this pattern in myself
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某一天，我发现自己有一个行为模式，
01:15
where I would become interested in an area
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我会对某一个领域感兴趣，
01:18
and I would dive in, become all-consumed,
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然后一头扎进去，认真钻研，
01:21
and I'd get to be pretty good
at whatever it was,
at whatever it was,
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变得越来越擅长，
01:24
and then I would hit this point
where I'd start to get bored.
where I'd start to get bored.
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但到了某一个阶段，
我就会开始觉得无聊。
我就会开始觉得无聊。
01:30
And usually I would try
and persist anyway,
and persist anyway,
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通常我会继续坚持下去，
01:32
because I had already devoted
so much time and energy
so much time and energy
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因为我已经投入了很多时间和精力，
01:35
and sometimes money into this field.
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有时候还有金钱。
01:38
But eventually this sense of boredom,
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但是最终这种无聊的感觉，
01:40
this feeling of, like, yeah, I got this,
this isn't challenging anymore --
this isn't challenging anymore --
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就像在说，哦，这事我已经会了，
已经没有任何挑战了，
已经没有任何挑战了，
01:45
it would get to be too much.
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再继续也不会有多大成就了。
01:47
And I would have to let it go.
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我必须要放手。
01:50
But then I would become interested
in something else,
in something else,
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但之后我可能又会对另一些事感兴趣，
01:52
something totally unrelated,
and I would dive into that,
and I would dive into that,
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跟之前完全不同的领域，
我又会一头扎进去，
我又会一头扎进去，
01:55
and become all-consumed,
and I'd be like, "Yes! I found my thing,"
and I'd be like, "Yes! I found my thing,"
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认真钻研，然后说，
“太棒了！这就是我的菜！”
“太棒了！这就是我的菜！”
02:00
and then I would hit this point again
where I'd start to get bored.
where I'd start to get bored.
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之后我又会达到那个阶段，
开始觉得无聊。
开始觉得无聊。
02:05
And eventually, I would let it go.
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最后，我又会放弃。
02:09
But then I would discover
something new and totally different,
something new and totally different,
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之后我又会发现新的兴趣，不同的领域
02:12
and I would dive into that.
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然后一头扎进去。
02:15
This pattern caused me a lot of anxiety,
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这种模式让我非常焦虑，
02:18
for two reasons.
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原因有两点。
02:20
The first was that I wasn't sure
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一是我不确定
02:23
how I was going to turn
any of this into a career.
any of this into a career.
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如何才能将这些兴趣变成我的职业。
02:26
I thought that I would eventually
have to pick one thing,
have to pick one thing,
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我觉得自己最终会从
（这些兴趣）里面挑一个，
（这些兴趣）里面挑一个，
02:29
deny all of my other passions,
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而对其他爱好忍痛割爱，
02:31
and just resign myself to being bored.
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做好将来一定会无聊的心理准备。
02:35
The other reason it caused me
so much anxiety
so much anxiety
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让我非常焦虑的第二个原因，
02:37
was a little bit more personal.
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跟我自身有关。
02:40
I worried that there
was something wrong with this,
was something wrong with this,
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我担心自己的这种行为模式是错的，
02:42
and something wrong with me
for being unable to stick with anything.
for being unable to stick with anything.
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自己这么朝三暮四，是不是错了。
02:47
I worried that I was afraid of commitment,
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我是不是害怕做出承诺，
02:50
or that I was scattered,
or that I was self-sabotaging,
or that I was self-sabotaging,
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或者自由散漫，破罐子破摔，
02:53
afraid of my own success.
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惧怕成功。
02:57
If you can relate to my story
and to these feelings,
and to these feelings,
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如果你能理解我的故事和我的感受，
03:00
I'd like you to ask yourself a question
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请你们问自己一个问题，
03:03
that I wish I had asked myself back then.
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这个问题我早就该问自己的。
03:06
Ask yourself where you learned to assign
the meaning of wrong or abnormal
the meaning of wrong or abnormal
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就是，你是从哪里学到该如何判断
我们的所作所为
我们的所作所为
03:12
to doing many things.
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是错误的或者不正常的。
03:15
I'll tell you where you learned it:
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我来告诉你答案：
03:17
you learned it from the culture.
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是从我们的文化中学到的。
03:22
We are first asked the question
"What do you want to be when you grow up?"
"What do you want to be when you grow up?"
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我们第一次被问到“你长大之后想干什么？”
是在差不多五岁的时候。
03:25
when we're about five years old.
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03:27
And the truth is that no one really cares
what you say when you're that age.
what you say when you're that age.
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其实像你那么大的时候
没有人会真的关心你说了什么。
没有人会真的关心你说了什么。
03:31
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
03:32
It's considered an innocuous question,
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这仅仅是一个无伤大雅的问题，
03:34
posed to little kids
to elicit cute replies,
to elicit cute replies,
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为的是让小朋友做出可爱的回应，
03:37
like, "I want to be an astronaut,"
or "I want to be a ballerina,"
or "I want to be a ballerina,"
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比如，“我想当宇航员”，
或者“我想当芭蕾舞演员”，
或者“我想当芭蕾舞演员”，
03:40
or "I want to be a pirate."
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或者“我想当海盗”。
03:42
Insert Halloween costume here.
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此处应加万圣节服装的特效。
03:44
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
03:46
But this question gets asked of us
again and again as we get older
again and again as we get older
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然而这个问题，在我们
成长的过程中会不断被问到
成长的过程中会不断被问到
03:50
in various forms -- for instance,
high school students might get asked
high school students might get asked
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形式多种多样，比如，高中生会被问到，
03:54
what major they're going
to pick in college.
to pick in college.
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你们在大学准备选什么专业。
03:57
And at some point,
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突然有一天，
03:58
"What do you want to be when you grow up?"
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“你长大之后想干什么？”
从原本一种秀可爱的方式
04:01
goes from being
the cute exercise it once was
the cute exercise it once was
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04:04
to the thing that keeps us up at night.
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变成了让我们寝食难安的难题。
04:07
Why?
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为什么会这样？
04:09
See, while this question inspires kids
to dream about what they could be,
to dream about what they could be,
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尽管这个问题鼓励小朋友
想象自己将来要做什么，
想象自己将来要做什么，
04:14
it does not inspire them to dream
about all that they could be.
about all that they could be.
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但它并未给小朋友充分想象的自由。
04:17
In fact, it does just the opposite,
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恰恰相反，它限制了小朋友想象的自由，
04:20
because when someone asks you
what you want to be,
what you want to be,
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因为有人问你长大后想做什么，
04:23
you can't reply with 20 different things,
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你不可能回答20种不同的职业，
04:26
though well-meaning adults
will likely chuckle and be like,
will likely chuckle and be like,
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尽管有些善良的大人会笑呵呵地说，
04:29
"Oh, how cute, but you can't be
a violin maker and a psychologist.
a violin maker and a psychologist.
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“哦，你太可爱了，但是你不能
同时成为小提琴制作家和心理学家啊。
同时成为小提琴制作家和心理学家啊。
04:33
You have to choose."
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你必须选一个。”
04:36
This is Dr. Bob Childs --
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这位是鲍勃·柴尔兹博士，
04:37
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
04:40
and he's a luthier and psychotherapist.
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他是一名弦乐器工匠和心理医生。
04:44
And this is Amy Ng, a magazine editor
turned illustrator, entrepreneur,
turned illustrator, entrepreneur,
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这位是艾米·恩，之前是杂志编辑，
后来成为插画作家，企业家
后来成为插画作家，企业家
04:49
teacher and creative director.
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教师和创意总监。
04:51
But most kids don't hear
about people like this.
about people like this.
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但大部分孩子都没听说过他们。
04:53
All they hear
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他们听到的
04:55
is that they're going to have to choose.
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只是要他们进行选择和取舍。
04:59
But it's more than that.
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事情远不止这么简单。
05:01
The notion of the narrowly focused life
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一生都心无旁骛的这一观念，
05:04
is highly romanticized in our culture.
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在我们的文化中被过分浪漫化了。
05:07
It's this idea of destiny
or the one true calling,
or the one true calling,
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这种命运论或者说
“命中注定的职业”的概念，
“命中注定的职业”的概念，
05:11
the idea that we each have one great thing
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意思是我们每个人都有一份
05:14
we are meant to do
during our time on this earth,
during our time on this earth,
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命中注定的伟大事业，
05:16
and you need to figure out
what that thing is
what that thing is
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我们需要找到它，
05:19
and devote your life to it.
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并为之奋斗一生。
05:23
But what if you're someone
who isn't wired this way?
who isn't wired this way?
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但如果你不是这样的人呢？
05:26
What if there are a lot of different
subjects that you're curious about,
subjects that you're curious about,
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如果你对很多事都有好奇心，
05:30
and many different things you want to do?
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想去尝试各种各样的职业呢？
05:33
Well, there is no room for someone
like you in this framework.
like you in this framework.
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那么在现有体系中，你很难有容身之处。
05:37
And so you might feel alone.
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你也许会感到孤独。
05:40
You might feel like you don't
have a purpose.
have a purpose.
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你也许会觉得自己没有目标。
05:43
And you might feel like
there's something wrong with you.
there's something wrong with you.
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你也许会觉得自己是不是有问题。
05:46
There's nothing wrong with you.
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你没有问题。
05:48
What you are is a multipotentialite.
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你是一名“多重潜力者”。
05:52
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
05:54
(Applause)
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（掌声）
06:02
A multipotentialite is someone
with many interests and creative pursuits.
with many interests and creative pursuits.
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“多重潜力者”拥有多种兴趣并且追求创新。
06:07
It's a mouthful to say.
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听起来很费解吧。
06:09
It might help if you break it up
into three parts:
into three parts:
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如果把它拆成三部分可能比较好理解：
06:12
multi, potential, and ite.
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多重的，有潜力的，人。
06:16
You can also use one of the other terms
that connote the same idea,
that connote the same idea,
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你也可以用其他词来表述类似的意思，
06:19
such as polymath, the Renaissance person.
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比如“博学者”，或者“文艺复兴者”。
06:22
Actually, during the Renaissance period,
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实际上，在文艺复兴时代，
06:24
it was considered the ideal
to be well-versed in multiple disciplines.
to be well-versed in multiple disciplines.
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精通多个学科是非常被推崇的。
06:29
Barbara Sher refers to us as "scanners."
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芭芭拉·谢尔称我们为“扫描仪”。
06:32
Use whichever term you like,
or invent your own.
or invent your own.
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你可以选择一个自己喜欢的词，
或者创造一个新的。
或者创造一个新的。
06:35
I have to say I find it sort of fitting
that as a community,
that as a community,
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我感觉自己找到了组织，
06:38
we cannot agree on a single identity.
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因为我们无法接受只有一种身份。
06:41
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
06:45
It's easy to see your multipotentiality
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人们很容易把多重潜力
06:47
as a limitation or an affliction
that you need to overcome.
that you need to overcome.
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视为一种局限或者痛苦，需要克服。
06:51
But what I've learned
through speaking with people
through speaking with people
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但我通过与人们交流，
06:53
and writing about these
ideas on my website,
ideas on my website,
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以及把这些观点发到我的网站上，
06:56
is that there are some tremendous
strengths to being this way.
strengths to being this way.
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我发现多重潜力者有很多优点。
07:01
Here are three
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多重潜力者
07:03
multipotentialite super powers.
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拥有三种“超能力”。
07:07
One: idea synthesis.
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第一是产生创意。
07:10
That is, combining two or more fields
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就是说，结合两个或两个以上领域
07:13
and creating something new
at the intersection.
at the intersection.
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从结合处寻求创新。
07:17
Sha Hwang and Rachel Binx drew
from their shared interests
from their shared interests
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黄沙和瑞秋·宾克斯
找到了共同的兴趣爱好，
找到了共同的兴趣爱好，
07:20
in cartography, data visualization,
travel, mathematics and design,
travel, mathematics and design,
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像制图，数据可视化，旅行，数学和设计，
07:26
when they founded Meshu.
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之后他们创办了Meshu。
07:28
Meshu is a company that creates
custom geographically-inspired jewelry.
custom geographically-inspired jewelry.
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Meshu是一家定制珠宝公司，
专门制作具有地域特色的珠宝。
专门制作具有地域特色的珠宝。
07:35
Sha and Rachel came up
with this unique idea
with this unique idea
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黄沙和瑞秋之所以能产生这个独特的创意，
07:37
not despite, but because of their eclectic
mix of skills and experiences.
mix of skills and experiences.
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正是因为他俩博学多才，经历丰富。
07:45
Innovation happens at the intersections.
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创新来源于交叉处。
07:48
That's where the new ideas come from.
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新创意（大都）来源于此。
07:51
And multipotentialites,
with all of their backgrounds,
with all of their backgrounds,
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而多重潜力者，拥有丰富的（知识）背景，
07:54
are able to access a lot of these
points of intersection.
points of intersection.
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能够在各领域交叉处找到突破点。
07:59
The second multipotentialite superpower
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多重潜力者的第二种超能力
08:03
is rapid learning.
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是快速学习。
08:05
When multipotentialites
become interested in something,
become interested in something,
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当多重潜力者对某件事产生兴趣时，
08:08
we go hard.
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我们会全身心投入。
08:10
We observe everything
we can get our hands on.
we can get our hands on.
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我们仔细观察，勤于实践。
08:13
We're also used to being beginners,
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我们已经习惯于当初学者，
08:14
because we've been beginners
so many times in the past,
so many times in the past,
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因为我们过去曾当过无数次初学者，
08:18
and this means that we're less afraid
of trying new things
of trying new things
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我们不怕尝试新事物，
08:21
and stepping out of our comfort zones.
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勇于走出舒适区。
08:23
What's more, many skills
are transferable across disciplines,
are transferable across disciplines,
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除此以外，很多能力在各个学科都是通用的，
08:27
and we bring everything we've learned
to every new area we pursue,
to every new area we pursue,
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我们将之前所学用于新领域，
08:31
so we're rarely starting from scratch.
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而不用从零开始。
08:34
Nora Dunn is a full-time traveler
and freelance writer.
and freelance writer.
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诺拉·邓恩是一位全职旅行家和自由作家。
08:39
As a child concert pianist,
she honed an incredible ability
she honed an incredible ability
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作为一名儿童钢琴演奏家，
她磨练出了非凡的能力
她磨练出了非凡的能力
08:42
to develop muscle memory.
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来发展肌肉记忆。
08:45
Now, she's the fastest typist she knows.
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因此，她是她所有认识的人中打字最快的。
08:47
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
08:49
Before becoming a writer,
Nora was a financial planner.
Nora was a financial planner.
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在当作家之前，诺拉是一名理财师。
08:52
She had to learn
the finer mechanics of sales
the finer mechanics of sales
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在初入这行的时候，
08:54
when she was starting her practice,
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她不得不学习一些高明的销售技巧，
08:56
and this skill now helps her
write compelling pitches to editors.
write compelling pitches to editors.
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如今这项技能被她用来
给编辑写精彩的推荐语。
给编辑写精彩的推荐语。
09:01
It is rarely a waste of time
to pursue something you're drawn to,
to pursue something you're drawn to,
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追求你感兴趣的东西并不是浪费时间，
09:05
even if you end up quitting.
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即使最后你并没有坚持到底。
09:07
You might apply that knowledge
in a different field entirely,
in a different field entirely,
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也许将来你会把这些知识
用在一个完全不同的领域，
用在一个完全不同的领域，
09:10
in a way that you couldn't
have anticipated.
have anticipated.
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用一种你完全预料不到的方式。
09:14
The third multipotentialite superpower
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第三种“超能力”
09:17
is adaptability;
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是适应性。
09:19
that is, the ability to morph
into whatever you need to be
into whatever you need to be
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也就是说，如果有需要，
你能变成任何角色，
你能变成任何角色，
09:22
in a given situation.
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以适应不同的情况。
09:26
Abe Cajudo is sometimes a video director,
sometimes a web designer,
sometimes a web designer,
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艾比·卡胡多有时候是视频导演，
有时候是网站设计师，
有时候是网站设计师，
09:31
sometimes a Kickstarter consultant,
sometimes a teacher,
sometimes a teacher,
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有时候是众筹顾问，
有时候是老师，
有时候是老师，
09:34
and sometimes, apparently, James Bond.
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有时候，很明显，是詹姆斯·邦德。
09:37
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
09:39
He's valuable because he does good work.
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他拥有出色的工作能力。
09:41
He's even more valuable
because he can take on various roles,
because he can take on various roles,
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更重要的是他可以随时切换自己的角色，
09:44
depending on his clients' needs.
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来满足客户的需要。
09:47
Fast Company magazine
identified adaptability
identified adaptability
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《快公司》杂志认为，
09:50
as the single most important skill
to develop in order to thrive
to develop in order to thrive
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要想在21世纪取得成功，适应性是
09:54
in the 21st century.
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最重要的一项技能。
09:56
The economic world is changing
so quickly and unpredictably
so quickly and unpredictably
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经济界的变化如此迅速且无法预测，
10:00
that it is the individuals
and organizations that can pivot
and organizations that can pivot
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那些能够根据市场需要进行调整
10:03
in order to meet the needs of the market
that are really going to thrive.
that are really going to thrive.
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的个人和公司才有可能取得成功。
10:09
Idea synthesis, rapid learning
and adaptability:
and adaptability:
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产生创意，快速学习和适应性
10:13
three skills that multipotentialites
are very adept at,
are very adept at,
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是多重潜力者非常擅长的三种能力，
10:17
and three skills that they might lose
if pressured to narrow their focus.
if pressured to narrow their focus.
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如果强迫他们缩小自己的关注范围，
这三种能力也许就会丧失。
这三种能力也许就会丧失。
10:25
As a society, we have a vested interest
in encouraging multipotentialites
in encouraging multipotentialites
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作为一个社会，鼓励多重潜力者保持本色
10:29
to be themselves.
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对我们有利。
10:32
We have a lot of complex, multidimensional
problems in the world right now,
problems in the world right now,
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我们如今面临许多复杂问题，涉及许多方面，
10:36
and we need creative,
out-of-the-box thinkers to tackle them.
out-of-the-box thinkers to tackle them.
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我们需要有创意的、能破除思维定式的
思想者来解决这些问题。
思想者来解决这些问题。
10:41
Now, let's say that you are,
in your heart, a specialist.
in your heart, a specialist.
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我们假设，内心深处，你是一名专家。
10:46
You came out of the womb knowing
you wanted to be a pediatric neurosurgeon.
you wanted to be a pediatric neurosurgeon.
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你从打娘胎里出来就知道
你想当一名儿童神经外科医生。
你想当一名儿童神经外科医生。
10:51
Don't worry -- there's nothing
wrong with you, either.
wrong with you, either.
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别担心，即使这样你也挺正常的。
10:54
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
10:55
In fact, some of the best teams
are comprised of a specialist
are comprised of a specialist
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事实上，一些顶尖团队就是由专家
10:58
and multipotentialite paired together.
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和多重潜力者搭配组成。
11:01
The specialist can dive in deep
and implement ideas,
and implement ideas,
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专家可以深入研究，实践想法，
11:04
while the multipotentialite brings
a breadth of knowledge to the project.
a breadth of knowledge to the project.
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而多重潜力者可以为项目
带来更广泛的知识支持。
带来更广泛的知识支持。
11:08
It's a beautiful partnership.
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这是一种美妙的合作。
11:11
But we should all be designing
lives and careers
lives and careers
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但是我们都应该根据自己的天赋
11:13
that are aligned with how we're wired.
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来规划与之相适应的人生和职业。
11:16
And sadly, multipotentialites
are largely being encouraged
are largely being encouraged
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不幸的是，多重潜力者往往被要求
11:20
simply to be more
like their specialist peers.
like their specialist peers.
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成为（刚刚提到的）团队中的那个专家。
11:24
So with that said,
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所以，
11:27
if there is one thing
you take away from this talk,
you take away from this talk,
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如果你从今天的演讲中学到了一件事的话，
11:30
I hope that it is this:
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我希望会是：
11:33
embrace your inner wiring,
whatever that may be.
whatever that may be.
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接受你内心的真实想法。
11:37
If you're a specialist at heart,
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如果你是专家型的人，
11:39
then by all means, specialize.
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那就用尽一切办法，成为专家。
11:41
That is where you'll do your best work.
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你会干得非常不错。
11:44
But to the multipotentialites in the room,
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但对于在座的多重潜力者们，
11:47
including those of you
who may have just realized
who may have just realized
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包括那些在过去的12分钟里
11:49
in the last 12 minutes that you are one --
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刚刚意识到自己是多重潜力者的人，
11:52
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
11:53
to you I say:
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我要对你们说：
11:55
embrace your many passions.
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接受你的众多爱好。
11:58
Follow your curiosity
down those rabbit holes.
down those rabbit holes.
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保持你的好奇心。
12:02
Explore your intersections.
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探索（不同领域的）交叉地带。
12:06
Embracing our inner wiring leads
to a happier, more authentic life.
to a happier, more authentic life.
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让真实的自我引领我们
去过更快乐、更真实的人生。
去过更快乐、更真实的人生。
12:12
And perhaps more importantly --
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也许更重要的是，
12:14
multipotentialites, the world needs us.
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（我们是）多重潜力者，
这个世界需要我们。
这个世界需要我们。
12:19
Thank you.
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谢谢大家。
12:21
(Applause)
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（掌声）
Translated by Alvin Lee
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Emilie Wapnick - Writer, coach, artist ...Career coach Emilie Wapnick celebrates the "multipotentialite" -- those of us with many interests, many jobs over a lifetime, and many interlocking potentials.
Why you should listen
Emilie Wapnick has been a musician/songwriter, a web designer, filmmaker, writer, law student and entrepreneur. "This is how I’ve always lived," she writes, "moving from interest to interest, building on my skills in different areas, and synthesizing the knowledge I acquire along the way."
As a career and life coach, she helps other people with wide and varied interests understand and appreciate who they are, in a society that asks us to pick a lane and stay in it. Her work with "multipotentialites" has resulted in the book Renaissance Business and the interesting website Puttylike.
Wapnick's new book, How to Be Everything: A Guide for Those Who (Still) Don't Know What They Want to Be When They Grow Up, is due out in May 2017.
Emilie Wapnick | Speaker | TED.com