Stacy Smith: The data behind Hollywood's sexism
史黛西·史密斯: 好莱坞性别歧视背后的数据
Stacy Smith shows how Hollywood’s homogenous (and overwhelmingly male) culture systematically excludes women and minorities. Full bio
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about a pressing social issue.
严峻的社会问题
movies are actually really important.
through storytelling.
to appear within them,
in the form of American movies.
性别角色做第一次调研时
about 10 years ago
on gender role in G-rated films.
more than 30 investigations.
你们说说这个危机
is tell you about that crisis.
gender inequality in film.
我们将如何解决它
how we're going to fix it.
in a really bad mood.
of the situation.
examines the top 100 grossing films
有台词或有名字的角色
or named character on-screen.
按性别 种族 民族
on-screen for gender, race, ethnicity,
at really some problematic trends.
noticeably absent on-screen in film.
和35205位带台词的演员中
and 35,205 speaking characters,
go to girls and women.
到2015年一直没变
from 1946 to 1955,
小部分电影样品对比
in over a half of a century.
有半个多世纪没变了
性别比例比较这个数据
intersectionally,
of just last year,
带台词的黑人或者非裔美国人角色
or African-American speaking character,
or Asian-American speaking characters
美国女性有台词的角色
女性残疾人角色
female character that had a disability.
双性恋或变性人的女性带台词角色
or transgender female speaking characters.
the epidemic of invisibility.
从普通演员投向主演
from prevalence to protagonist,
or colead driving the action.
female driving the story,
at the time of theatrical release.
to be sexualized in film
three times as likely
revealing clothing,
females are so thin
the circumference of their upper arm.
have no room for a womb
理想和物质化的内容
and objectifying content
对自己的身材不满意
internalization of the thin ideal
内化成自己的想法
among some female viewers.
看到的那些人物形象
银幕中的世界里
if we lived in the screen world,
crisis on our hands.
these patterns,
出现这种不平等的原因有二
two drivers to inequality on-screen:
和对观众的错误解读
and misperceptions of the audience.
any of the patterns I just talked about,
is hire female directors.
in terms of short films and indie films,
40 years of age or older on-screen,
属于少数群体的角色
in terms of race and ethnicity,
那个问题的简单答案
that we just talked about.
男性还是女性的高管
and female executives,
会自然出现男性
with the perception of a woman.
大量研究结果一致
in the psychological arena.
第二个因素
to inequality on-screen
that go to the box office and buy tickets
或是能带来经济利润的目标观众
or financially lucrative target audience.
如果故事以女性为中心
place a female at the center,
那么投资就有回报
at the center of a story does.
of franchise successes
星球大战 力量觉醒
"Star Wars: The Force Awakens."
that gender of the lead character
与票房是否成功没有关系
in the United States.
a film is distributed in this country.
all be sufficiently depressed.
working behind the camera
女性当目标观众
does not trust us as an audience.
there would be a silver lining,
simple and tangible solutions
我们明年的前100部电影
at the top 100 films next year
speaking characters on-screen
for three contiguous years,
in over a half of a century.
首次在性别上达到平等
for a variety of reasons.
for male actors.
It doesn't cost that much.
the production process.
that there's women on set.
can make demands in their contracts,
可以在他们的合同中提出要求
on the biggest Hollywood films.
or an inclusion rider
speaking characters in it.
of those characters
in their contract
in which we actually live.
the entertainment industry,
around directors.
the Rooney Rule stipulates
从组织外聘请一名教练
from outside the organization,
an underrepresented candidate.
应用到好莱坞电影中
can apply to Hollywood films.
不仅是在考虑名单上
are not only on the consideration list,
interviewed for the job.
executives to female directors
排斥性的聘用程序之外了
to exclusionary hiring practices.
by, for and about women,
为女性制作 以及关于女性的电影
to the independent theater chain
在网上多滚动一下鼠标
a little further online
and funding a film,
女导演制作的电影
from an underrepresented background.
on our social media accounts
我们需要在
inclusive representation,
看到镜头背后的女性
women behind the camera.
and our dollars count.
而且我们花的钱有价值
to change the world on this one.
去改变这个世界
of audiences worldwide.
has unprecedented access
有史无前例的机会
stories about equality
has to do is unleash its secret weapon,
放出它的秘密武器
电影能让我们转型
that films, they can transform us.
a storytelling landscape
if the next generation of audiences
different screen reality?
to change what we see on-screen
and global viewers
of viewers and audiences,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Stacy Smith - Media researcherStacy Smith shows how Hollywood’s homogenous (and overwhelmingly male) culture systematically excludes women and minorities.
Why you should listen
Dr. Stacy L. Smith is the Founder and Director of the Media, Diversity, and Social Change Initiative at the Annenberg School for Communication & Journalism at the University of Southern California, where she is also an Associate Professor. Her work examines gender, race, LGBT status, disability and age on screen and gender and race/ethnicity behind the camera in cinematic content as well as barriers and opportunities facing women and people of color in the entertainment industry. She also conducts economic analyses related to diversity and the financial performance of films. Smith is a world leader, with speaking engagements ranging from the TED Women stage to the United Nations. Her research sets the global standard for data on employment diversity in entertainment, and she is a trusted source to the entertainment industry. Her work is cited widely by both corporate and educational audiences.
Smith has written more than 100 journal articles, book chapters, and reports on content patterns and effects of the media. Her research has been written about in the New York Times, Los Angeles Times, fivethirtyeight.com, The Atlantic, The Huffington Post, Newsweek, The Hollywood Reporter, Variety, Wired and USA Today, among others. She has a co-edited essay in Maria Shriver's book, A Woman's Nation Changes Everything (2009). Her most recent research reports include the Comprehensive Annenberg Report on Diversity (CARD), multiple landmark studies with Sundance Institute and Women in Film Los Angeles and a study of 800 top-grossing films conducted at USC Annenberg.
Stacy Smith | Speaker | TED.com