TEDGlobal 2017
Christian Rodríguez: What teen pregnancy looks like in Latin America
克里斯汀·罗德里格斯: 拉丁美洲青少年怀孕现状
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克里斯汀·罗德里格斯是一个摄影师和制片人——以及一个少女妈妈的儿子。过去5年，他纪录下了拉丁美洲的青少年怀孕，为这些才12岁左右的妈妈创造了亲密的、有尊严的画像。在这场感人的、可视化的演讲中，他分享了他的工作和探索了少年母亲的身份是如何将这些女孩陷于贫穷和被剥削的恶性循环中的。
Christian Rodríguez - Documentary photographer
TED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world. Full bio
TED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
For the last five years,
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过去五年
00:14
I have documented the lives
of teenage mothers in Latin America.
of teenage mothers in Latin America.
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我纪录下了一些拉丁美洲的少女妈妈们的生活
我是从在我的祖国乌拉圭
00:19
I started with a series of photographs
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拍摄的一系列
00:22
about the moment of birth
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孩子出生时的照片开始的
00:24
in my country, Uruguay.
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00:29
(Video) (Screaming)
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（视频）（叫声）
00:33
(Grunting)
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（咕哝声）
00:37
(Newborn crying)
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（新生儿哭声）
00:50
I am the son of a teenage mother
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我是一个少女妈妈的儿子
00:53
and my sister became
a teenage mother when she was 16.
a teenage mother when she was 16.
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而我的姐姐在16岁的时候也成为了一名少女妈妈
00:57
I began exploring the theme
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我开始去探索这个主题
以便更好的了解自我以及自己的出身
00:59
to better understand
myself and my origins.
myself and my origins.
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01:04
In developing countries,
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在发展中国家
01:06
7.3 million girls under the age of 18
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每年有730万18岁以下的女孩
01:10
give birth each year.
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生下了自己的孩子
01:13
Projections suggest
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预测结果显示
01:14
that the teen pregnancy rate
in Latin America
in Latin America
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拉丁美洲的少女怀孕率
在接下来的80年
01:17
will be the highest in the world
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将会是全球最高的
01:19
for the next 80 years.
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01:21
In Mexico, almost one in two
sexually active adolescents
sexually active adolescents
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在墨西哥，几乎一半性行为活跃的青少年
在12到19岁就怀孕了
01:26
get pregnant between the ages
of 12 to 19 years old.
of 12 to 19 years old.
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01:31
Teenage pregnancy
is not just about young pregnancies.
is not just about young pregnancies.
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少女怀孕不仅仅是年纪轻轻就怀孕的问题
01:35
It is about gender violence,
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它还跟性别暴力
01:37
physical, symbolic, psychological
and economic violence.
and economic violence.
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身体上、象征性、心理上以及经济上的暴力有关
01:43
Girls who become pregnant
before they are 18
before they are 18
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那些18岁前就怀孕的少女
01:46
rarely achieve an adequate
standard of living.
standard of living.
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很少能维持一个基本的生活水准
01:50
The pattern of poverty
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贫穷、受教育程度低
01:51
and limited access
to education and health care
to education and health care
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以及有限的卫生保健资源
01:54
are a common thread
among teen pregnancies.
among teen pregnancies.
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是这些少年孕妇的共同命运
01:57
If a girl in Latin America
gets pregnant before she is 16,
gets pregnant before she is 16,
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如果在拉丁美洲一个少女在16岁前就怀孕了
02:02
the risk of maternal death
increases fourfold
increases fourfold
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那么这个孕妇死亡的风险会增加到
02:05
over a woman in their 20s.
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一个20来岁的孕妇的4倍
02:09
And somehow, in spite of all this,
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但不知为什么，尽管如上面所说的那样
02:12
motherhood also imparts a status
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母亲的身份还是在社区中
02:15
and a respect to the adolescent
in her community.
in her community.
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给予了她一个地位和尊重
02:20
Her child becomes her life project.
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她的小孩成为了她的生活的主题
02:25
A high percentage of girls
under the age of 18 are single mothers,
under the age of 18 are single mothers,
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有很大比例的18岁以下的女孩是单身妈妈
就像我妈妈那样
02:29
as was my mother.
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02:31
When I was learning to be a parent,
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当我学着为人父母时
02:33
I began to focus on the relationship
between father and child,
between father and child,
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我才开始关注父亲和小孩之间的关系
这是一个很少获得关注的主题
02:38
a subject rarely given much attention.
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02:42
I wanted to highlight the ways
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我想要强调
02:44
in which we need
to educate boys differently
to educate boys differently
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我们要换一种方式去教育男孩子
不要将他们都变成男人
02:46
without turning them into macho men.
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02:49
In some cases, families
send boys to school but not girls.
send boys to school but not girls.
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有时候，家里会送男孩去上学，但是不会送女孩
02:54
The persistence of teen pregnancy
heightened the gender equity gap
heightened the gender equity gap
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青少年怀孕的持续性加重了性别不平等
02:58
and the continued existence
of traditional roles.
of traditional roles.
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以及传统角色的持继存在
03:03
If we were to allow
equal opportunities to girls,
equal opportunities to girls,
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如果我们允许女孩子拥有相同的机会
03:06
they could gain independence.
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她们是可以获得独立的能力
03:09
Educating girls is key
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对女孩子的教育
是打破青少年怀孕的恶性循环的关键
03:12
to breaking cycles of teen pregnancies.
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03:16
Girls getting pregnant
between the ages of 10 to 14
between the ages of 10 to 14
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在10到14岁之间怀孕的女孩
是一个极度脆弱的人群
03:20
are an extremely vulnerable population,
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她们可以轻易的成为年龄比她大一倍的男人的猎物
03:23
and they can be easy prey
for men twice their age.
for men twice their age.
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03:27
There are many cases of violence,
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有很多针对这个人群犯下
03:29
incest and sexual abuse
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暴力、乱伦以及性虐待
03:31
perpetrated against this group.
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罪行的案例
03:34
This is Gloria.
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这是歌莉娅
03:36
She became a teen mother at the age of 12,
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她12岁就成为了一名少女妈妈
03:38
a result of the ongoing
abuse by her father,
abuse by her father,
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这是她父亲持续虐待的结果
03:41
who was also raping Gloria's two sisters,
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他还强奸了歌莉亚的两个姐妹
03:44
ages 8 and 16.
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她们分别是8岁和16岁
03:47
In this portrait,
she has butterflies in her hair,
she has butterflies in her hair,
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在这张照片上，她的头上有两个蝴蝶结
03:51
symbols of resurrection.
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那象征着重生
03:54
For me, it's extremely important
to portray this mother with dignity.
to portray this mother with dignity.
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对我来说，带着尊严来拍摄这个母亲是非常重要的
04:00
Pregnancies among girls
younger than 15 is a growing trend,
younger than 15 is a growing trend,
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15岁以下的少女怀孕呈现一个增长趋势
04:04
not only in Latin America,
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不仅仅是在拉美地区
04:05
but many developing
countries in the world.
countries in the world.
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而且在很多发展中国家也是这样
04:09
Our region is marred
by bad social and cultural inequalities,
by bad social and cultural inequalities,
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我们这个地区被坏的社会和文化不平等所困扰
而青少年怀孕问题进一步增加了这种分裂
04:14
and teen pregnancy
further increases this divide.
further increases this divide.
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04:18
I am committing
to being part of the solution
to being part of the solution
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我将致力于通过我的作品
04:20
by making work that implicitly
and emphatically
and emphatically
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默默地着重地为女孩们的人权呼喊
下定决心帮助她们解决问题
04:23
calls for human rights for girls.
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04:26
The day life projects
for boys and girls become similar,
for boys and girls become similar,
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等到哪天男孩和女孩拥有了相似的生活主题
04:32
teenage pregnancy will decrease.
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青少年怀孕就会大幅减少了
04:34
Thank you.
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谢谢
04:35
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Christian Rodríguez - Documentary photographerTED Fellow Christian Rodríguez explores themes related to gender and identity, working with communities all over the world.
Why you should listen
Christian Rodríguez is developing two main long-term projects: "Teen Mom," about teenage pregnancy in Latin America; and a personal project on magical realism, the Latin American literary trend. His work has been exhibited in festivals all over the world, such as GetxoPhoto, PhotoEspaña, Paraty Em Foco, Photo Phnom Penh Festival, Photobook Bristol, Photoville and the "Bienal de Fotografía" of the "Centro de la Imagen" (Mexico), and it has been published internationally, including National Geographic, the New York Times, The Guardian, The New Yorker, The Washington Post, El Mundo and others.
In addition to his work as a photographer, Rodríguez is creator and director of SAN JOSE FOTO International festival in Uruguay. He has been awarded the Roberto Villagraz Scholarship of EFTI (Spain), Nuevo Talento Fnac (Spain), Ojo de Pez Human Rights First Prize (Spain) and Getty Instagram Grant 2016 among others. Rodríguez gives workshops and lectures in Latin America and Europe, and he is a member of Prime Collective. He became a TED Fellow in 2017.
Christian Rodríguez | Speaker | TED.com