TEDWomen 2010
Beverly + Dereck Joubert: Life lessons from big cats
Beverly 和 Dereck Joubert夫婦：透過大貓認識生命
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Beverly 和Dereck Joubert 夫婦生活在叢林裡，拍攝生活在自然棲息地上的獅子和花豹。透過一些令人震撼的影片（有些從未播映過），他們談論與這些威嚴有力的動物所建立起來的特別關係——以及他們為了從人類的威脅中拯救這些大貓所做的探索。
Beverly + Dereck Joubert - Conservationists, filmmakers
Documentary filmmakers Beverly and Dereck Joubert have worked to conserve wildlife for more than 25 years. As National Geographic Explorers in Residence, the couple influences public policy and perceptions. Full bio
Documentary filmmakers Beverly and Dereck Joubert have worked to conserve wildlife for more than 25 years. As National Geographic Explorers in Residence, the couple influences public policy and perceptions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Beverly Joubert: We are truly passionate
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Beverly Joubert說：我們真的非常熱心於
00:17
about the African wilderness
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非洲的自然原生態
00:19
and protecting the African wilderness,
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以及對這些原生態的保護。
00:21
and so what we've done
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因此一直以來
00:23
is we've focused on iconic cats.
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我們都集中關注這些有代表性的貓科動物。
00:26
And I know,
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是的我知道，
00:28
in the light of human suffering and poverty
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相比起人類的苦難和貧窮
00:30
and even climate change,
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甚至是氣候變化，
00:32
one would wonder,
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你也許會問，
00:34
why worry about a few cats?
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何必為幾隻貓操心？
00:37
Well today we're here
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今天我們在這裡
00:39
to share with you a message that we have learned
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和大家分享我們所學到的一個訊息
00:41
from a very important and special character --
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從一個非常重要和特殊的對象那裡學到的——
00:44
this leopard.
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就是這頭花豹。
00:46
Dereck Joubert: Well, our lives have basically been
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Dereck Joubert說：基本上我們的生活一直以來
00:49
like a super long episode of "CSI" --
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就是一集超長的“犯罪現場調查”（CSI）——
00:51
something like 28 years.
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整整長達28年。
00:54
In essence, what we've done
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根本上，我們一直所做的
00:56
is we've studied the science, we've looked at the behavior,
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就是研究這個學科，觀察動物的行為，
00:58
we've seen over 2,000 kills
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我們看到兩千多次
01:00
by these amazing animals.
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這種令人驚歎的動物施行的獵殺。
01:03
But one of the things that science really lets us down on
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但是其中一樣科學無法告訴我們的
01:06
is that personality,
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是個性，
01:08
that individual personality that these animals have.
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就是每一個動物所有的獨特個性。
01:12
And here's a prime example.
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這就是主要例子。
01:14
We found this leopard in a 2,000-year-old
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我們在非洲一棵兩千年的
01:16
baobab tree in Africa,
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猴麵包樹上，發現的這隻花豹。
01:18
the same tree that we found her mother in
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就在同一棵樹上我們還觀察過她的母親
01:20
and her grandmother.
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和她的外祖母。
01:22
And she took us on a journey
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她帶領我們踏上一段旅程
01:25
and revealed something very special to us --
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向我們展現了一些非常特殊的東西——
01:28
her own daughter, eight days old.
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她的女兒，八天大。
01:30
And the minute we found this leopard,
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當我們發現這隻花豹的那刻，
01:32
we realized that we needed to move in,
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我們就意識到我們需要搬來這裡。
01:34
and so we basically stayed with this leopard
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於是我們基本上就和這隻花豹在一起
01:36
for the next four-and-a-half years --
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在接下來的四年半時間裡——
01:38
following her every day,
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追蹤她的每一天，
01:40
getting to know her,
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逐步瞭解她，
01:42
that individual personality of hers,
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她的獨特個性，
01:44
and really coming to know her.
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然後真正地認識了她。
01:46
Now I'm destined
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我真是命中註定
01:49
to spend a lot of time
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要花大量的時間
01:51
with some unique,
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和一些獨特的，
01:53
very, very special,
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非常特立獨行的
01:55
individualistic
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充滿個性，
01:57
and often seductive female characters.
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同時也非常有魅力的女性在一起。
02:00
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
02:02
Beverly's clearly one of them,
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Beverly顯然是其中之一，
02:05
and this little leopard, Legadema, is another,
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而這頭小花豹，Legadema則是另一個，
02:08
and she changed our lives.
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她改變了我們的生活。
02:10
BJ: Well we certainly did spend a lot of time with her --
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BJ: 我們的確花了很多時間和她在一起——
02:13
in fact, more time than even her mother did.
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事實上，多過她媽媽和她一起的時間。
02:15
When her mother would go off hunting,
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當她媽媽出去獵食時，
02:17
we would stay and film.
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我們還在那裡拍攝。
02:19
And early on, a lightning bolt hit a tree
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早先時候，一道大閃電劈中一棵樹，
02:22
20 paces away from us.
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離我們就20步的距離。
02:24
It was frightening,
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當時非常嚇人。
02:26
and it showered us with leaves and a pungent smell.
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葉子像下雨一樣落到我們頭上，還伴隨著很難聞的味道。
02:29
And of course, we were stunned for a while,
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當然我們有一陣都嚇懵了，
02:31
but when we managed to get our wits about us,
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但當我們回過神來時，
02:34
we looked at it and said, "My gosh,
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我們看向那邊想說，“天啊，
02:36
what's going to happen with that little cub?
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那個小豹子會怎麼想？
02:38
She's probably going to forever associate
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她可能會永遠地把
02:40
that deafening crash with us."
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那聲震耳欲聾的聲音和我們兩個聯繫起來。”
02:43
Well, we needn't have worried.
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其實我們一點都不需要擔心。
02:45
She came charging out of the thicket straight towards us,
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她從灌木叢中筆直地沖向我們，
02:48
sat next to us, shivering,
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坐在我們旁邊，瑟瑟發抖，
02:51
with her back towards Dereck, and looking out.
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她背對著Dereck，四處張望。
02:54
And actually from that day on,
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事實上就是從那天起，
02:56
she's been comfortable with us.
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她接受了我們的存在。
02:58
So we felt that that day
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因此我們覺得就是在那天，
03:00
was the day that she really earned her name.
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她真正獲得了屬於自己的名字。
03:02
We called her Legadema,
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我們叫她Legadema
03:04
which means, "light from the sky."
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意思就是“來自天空的閃電。”
03:07
DJ: Now we've found these individualisms
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DJ:現在我們已經在各種動物身上
03:09
in all sorts of animals,
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發現它們各自的性格。
03:11
in particular in the cats.
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尤其是貓科動物。
03:13
This particular one is called Eetwidomayloh,
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這是Eetwidomayloh，
03:15
"he who greets with fire,"
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意思就是：烈焰騰騰。
03:17
and you can just see that about him, you know -- that's his character.
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你一看到它的樣子就能瞭解到，你知道——這就是它的性格。
03:20
But only by getting up close to these animals
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但是只有通過貼近這些動物，
03:22
and spending time with them
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和牠們長時間在一起
03:24
can we actually even reach out
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我們才能真正接觸到
03:26
and dig out these personal characters that they have.
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挖掘出牠們所具有的這些個性。
03:28
BJ: But through our investigation,
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BJ:但是在我們的探索過程中，
03:30
we have to seek the wildest places in Africa.
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我們不得不尋找非洲最為荒野的地方。
03:33
And right now this is in the Okavango Delta
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這裡是Okavango三角洲，
03:35
in Botswana.
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位於博茨瓦納。
03:37
Yes, it is swamp. We live in the swamp in a tent,
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是的，這裡是沼澤地。我們就住在沼澤地的一個帳篷裏。
03:40
but I must tell you, every day is exhilarating.
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但是我必須告訴你們，這裡的每一天都是激動人心的。
03:43
But also, our hearts are in our throats
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但是同時，提心吊膽的情況
03:45
a huge amount of the time,
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也占據了多數時間，
03:47
because we're driving through water,
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因為我們要開車涉水，
03:49
and it's an unknown territory.
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而這裡是一片未知的領域。
03:51
But we're really there
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但我們確實在那裡
03:53
seeking and searching and filming the iconic cats.
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尋找，追蹤並拍攝這些大型貓科動物。
03:56
DJ: Now one of the big things, of course,
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DJ: 其中一大發現就是，當然，
03:58
everybody knows that cats hate water,
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每個人都知道，貓不喜歡水。
04:01
and so this was a real revelation for us.
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所以這對我們來說真是一個大發現。
04:03
And we could only find this by pushing ourselves,
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而我們要想發現這個就必須逼著自己，
04:06
by going where no sane person should go --
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去到理智的人不會去的地方——
04:11
not without some prompting, by the way, from Beverly --
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順便說一句，Beverly起了很大的督促作用——
04:14
and just pushing the envelope,
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這樣不斷地打破底線，
04:16
going out there, pushing our vehicle, pushing ourselves.
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去到荒無人煙的地方，考驗我們的車子，也考驗我們自己。
04:19
But we've managed to find that these lions
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但我們費儘艱辛終於發現，這些獅子
04:21
are 15 percent bigger than any others,
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比其他獅子大百分之十五，
04:23
and they specialize in hunting buffalo in the water.
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牠們的獨特之處就在於專門在水裡捕捉野牛。
04:27
BJ: And then of course, the challenge
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BJ: 當然另一個考驗在於
04:29
is knowing when to turn around.
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知道什麽時候該掉頭轉向。
04:32
We don't always get that right,
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我們對轉向的時機把握的不是太好。
04:34
and on this particular day,
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尤其是這一天，
04:36
we seriously underestimated the depth.
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我們嚴重地低估了水深。
04:39
We got deeper and deeper,
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陷得越來越深，
04:41
until it was at Dereck's chest-height.
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一直淹到了Dereck的胸口。
04:43
Well then we hit a deep depression,
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然後我們撞進一個很深的窪地裡頭，
04:46
and we seriously submerged the vehicle.
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水把車子淹得很厲害。
04:49
We actually managed to drown
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我們實際上不得不任由
04:51
two million dollars' worth of camera gear.
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200萬美元的攝像器材淹沒在水裡。
04:54
We drowned our pride, I must tell you,
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一同淹沒的還有我們的驕傲，我不得不說，
04:56
which was really serious,
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那次真的很嚴重，
04:58
and we seized the engine.
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而且發動機抱缸了（基本等於報廢）。
05:01
DJ: And of course, one of the rules that we have in the vehicle
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DJ: 當然，我們車上的其中一條軍規就是
05:03
is that he who drowns the vehicle
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誰把車開到水裡
05:05
gets to swim with the crocodiles.
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誰就下去和鱷魚游泳。
05:07
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
05:09
You will notice also that all of these images here
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你還會注意到這裡所有的圖片
05:11
are taken from the top angle by Beverly --
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都是Beverly從高處拍的——
05:13
the dry top angle, by the way.
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順便說一句，是乾燥的高處。
05:15
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
05:18
But all the places we get stuck in really have great views.
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但是所有這些令我們陷入困境的地方都讓我們歎為觀止。
05:21
And it wasn't a moment, and these lions came back towards us,
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這樣的事情發生過不止一次，這些獅子向我們走來，
05:24
and Beverly was able to get a great photograph.
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Beverly 得以拍到絕佳的照片。
05:26
BJ: But we truly do
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BJ: 但是我們確實
05:28
spend day and night
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日日夜夜
05:30
trying to capture unique footage.
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都在努力抓住那些獨一無二的瞬間。
05:32
And 20 years ago,
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20年前，
05:34
we did a film called "Eternal Enemies"
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我們拍攝了一部影片，叫做“永遠的敵人”
05:36
where we managed to capture
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在這部影片裡我們得以捕捉到
05:38
this unusual disturbing behavior across two species --
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這種異常令人不安的行為出現在兩種動物之間——
05:41
lions and hyenas.
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獅子和鬣狗。
05:43
And surprisingly, it became a cult film.
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令人驚訝的是，這片子竟然成為一部邪典電影。
05:46
And we can only work that out
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我們唯一能想到的理由就是
05:48
as people were seeing parallels
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人們看到了
05:50
between the thuggish side of nature
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自然界中殘忍殺戮的一面與
05:53
and gang warfare.
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黑幫火拼之間的關聯。
05:55
DJ: It was amazing, because you can see that this lion
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DJ: 這真是很神奇，因為你能看到這頭雄獅
05:58
is doing exactly what his name,
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確實像它的名字的含義一樣，
06:00
Eetwidomayloh, represents.
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殺氣騰騰。
06:02
He's focused on this hyena,
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它盯上了這隻鬣狗，
06:04
and he is going to get it.
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即將要獵殺它。
06:07
(Animal sounds)
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（動物嚎叫）
06:11
But that's, I think, what this is all about,
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但我認為這就是這部影片的目的所在，
06:14
is that these individuals have these personalities and characters.
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即所有這些動物都帶有它們各自的性格和特點。
06:17
But for us to get them, not only do we push ourselves,
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而在我們拍攝它們期間，我們不僅要挑戰自己的底線，
06:20
but we live by certain rules of engagement,
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我們還遵循著一些互動原則，
06:23
which mean we can't interfere.
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就是說我們不能干涉。
06:25
This sort of behavior has been going on
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這樣的行為已經持續了
06:27
for three, four, five million years,
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大約三，四，五百萬年之久，
06:29
and we can't step in and say, "That's wrong, and that's right."
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我們不能突然站出來說，“這樣是錯的，那樣是對的。”
06:32
But that's not always easy for us.
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但對我們來說往往不易做到。
06:35
BJ: So, as Dereck says,
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BJ: 正如Dereck所說，
06:37
we have to work through extremes --
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我們必須經歷很多極端的情況——
06:39
extreme temperatures, push ourselves at night.
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夜晚我們被迫經歷極端的溫度狀況，
06:41
Sleep deprivation is extreme.
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睡眠缺乏也相當嚴重。
06:44
We're on the edge
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在絕大部份時間裡，
06:46
through a large part of the time.
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我們都處在臨界的狀態。
06:48
But, for 10 years, we tried to capture
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在十年間，我們試圖拍攝到
06:50
lions and elephants together --
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獅子和大象在一起——
06:53
and never ever managed
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卻從未成功
06:55
until this particular night.
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直到這天晚上。
06:58
And I have to tell you
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我必須告訴你們
07:00
that it was a disturbing night for me.
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對我來說這是非常不安的一個晚上。
07:02
I had tears rolling down my cheeks.
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我熱淚滾滾，
07:04
I was shaking with anxiety,
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焦急得瑟瑟發抖。
07:07
but I knew that [I had] to capture something
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但是我知道這是爲了拍攝到
07:09
that had never been seen before, had never been documented.
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以前從未有人目睹，也從未被記錄下來的情景。
07:12
And I do believe you should stay with us.
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而我堅信你們應該和我們一起看下去。
07:16
DJ: The amazing thing about these moments --
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DJ:這些時刻的神奇之處——
07:18
and this is probably a highlight of our career --
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而這可能也是我們事業的精彩之處——
07:21
is that you never know how it's going to end.
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就在於你從來不知道事情將會如何結束。
07:30
Many people believe, in fact,
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很多人都會覺得，事實上，
07:32
that death begins in the eyes, not in the heart,
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死亡始於眼睛，而不是內心，
07:34
not in the lungs,
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更不是始於肺部。
07:36
and that's when people give up hope,
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而這就是當人放棄希望的樣子，
07:38
or when any life form gives up hope.
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或是任何生命放棄希望的樣子。
07:40
And you can see the start of it here.
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你可以看到，從這裡就開始了。
07:44
This elephant, against overwhelming odds,
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這頭大象，在寡不敵眾的情況下，
07:47
simply gives up hope.
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乾脆放棄了希望。
08:01
But by the same token,
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但是同樣的情況下，
08:04
you can get your hope back again.
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你也可以重新燃起希望。
08:08
So just when you think it's all over, something else happens,
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所以就在你認為一切已經結束時，有什麽事情發生了，
08:11
some spark gets into you,
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一些小火花激勵了你，
08:13
some sort of will to fight --
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某種戰鬥下去的願望——
08:16
that iron will that we all have,
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我們每個人都有這種堅強的意志，
08:18
that this elephant has,
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這頭大象有，
08:20
that conservation has, that big cats have.
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自然保護區有，大貓們也有。
08:23
Everything has that will to survive,
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大家都有著堅強的意志去生存，
08:26
to fight, to push through that mental barrier
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去拼搏，去衝破內心的關卡，
08:28
and to keep going.
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繼續前進。
08:31
And for us, in many ways,
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對我們來說，從某種程度上，
08:33
this elephant has become
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這頭大象已經成為
08:35
a symbol of inspiration for us,
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激勵我們的一個象徵，
08:37
a symbol of that hope as we go forward in our work.
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是我們投入工作時的希望象徵。
08:40
(Applause)
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（觀眾掌聲）
08:51
Now back to the leopard.
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現在回到這頭花豹。
08:53
We were spending so much time with this leopard
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我們長時間和這頭花豹在一起，
08:55
and getting to understand her individualism,
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得以熟悉她的個性，
08:57
her personal character,
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和個人風格，
08:59
that maybe we were taking it a little bit far.
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可能我們和她的關係更親密一些。
09:02
We were perhaps taking her for granted,
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甚至可能太過接納她的存在了，
09:04
and maybe she didn't like that that much.
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而也許她并不喜歡這樣。
09:06
This is about couples working together,
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當夫妻兩個一起工作時也是如此，
09:08
and so I do need to say that within the vehicle
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我需要說明的就是在越野車裡，
09:11
we have quite strict territories, Beverly and I.
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Beverly和我有著嚴格的地盤劃分。
09:14
Beverly sits on the one side
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Beverly坐的那邊
09:16
where all her camera gear is,
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放著她全部的攝影器材，
09:18
and I'm on the other side where my space is.
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而另一邊是我的地盤。
09:21
These are precious to us, these divides.
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這些分界對我們來說很重要。
09:24
BJ: But when this little cub saw
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BJ: 但是當這頭小豹子看到
09:26
that I had vacated my seat
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我離開座位，
09:28
and climbed to the back to get some camera gear,
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爬到車後面拿些照相器材時，
09:30
she came in like a curious cat
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她就像一隻好奇的貓一樣
09:32
to come and investigate.
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爬進來探索一番。
09:34
It was phenomenal, and we felt grateful
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這很不尋常，我們也非常感謝
09:37
that she trusted us to that extent.
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她對我們信任到如此程度。
09:39
But at the same time, we were concerned
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但與此同時，我們也很擔心
09:41
that if she created this as a habit
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如果她養成這樣的習慣，
09:43
and jumped into somebody else's car,
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跳到別人的車裡，
09:45
it might not turn out the same way --
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結果可能大不相同——
09:47
she might get shot for that.
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她可能因此遭到射殺。
09:49
So we knew we had to react quickly.
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因此我們知道我們必須快速反應。
09:52
And the only way we thought we could
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我們想唯一能做的
09:55
without scaring her
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而又不嚇到她的方法
09:57
is to try and simulate a growl like her mother would make --
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就是試著發出像她媽媽那樣的低聲咆哮——
09:59
a hiss and a sound.
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伴隨著嘶嘶的聲音。
10:01
So Dereck turned on the heater fan in the car --
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於是Dereck把車內的熱風扇打開——
10:03
very innovative.
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很有創意吧。
10:05
DJ: It was the only way for me to save the marriage,
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DJ: 這是我挽救這段婚姻的唯一方法，
10:07
because Beverly felt she was being replaced, you see.
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因為，你看，Beverly覺得自己要被取代了。
10:09
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
10:12
But really and truly, this was how
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但是的的確確，這就是
10:14
this little leopard was displaying
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這頭小花豹如何向我們表現出
10:16
her individual personality.
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她獨特的個性。
10:18
But nothing prepared us
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但是我們絕對沒有想到
10:20
for what happened next in our relationship with her,
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接下來我們和她之間發生的事，
10:22
when she started hunting.
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那是在她開始自己捕獵後。
10:24
BJ: And on this first hunt, we truly were excited.
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BJ: 對於這第一次捕獵，我們真是非常興奮。
10:27
It was like watching a graduation ceremony.
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我就像在觀看一場畢業典禮。
10:29
We felt like we were surrogate parents.
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我們覺得自己好像是代理家長。
10:31
And of course, we knew now
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當然，我們那時可以確定，
10:33
that she was going to survive.
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她將能夠生存下去。
10:35
But only when we saw the tiny baby baboon
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但只是當我們看到那個小小的狒狒幼崽
10:38
clinging to the mother's fur
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掛在它媽媽的身上時
10:40
did we realize that something very unique
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我們才意識到一件非常特殊的事
10:42
was taking place here with Legadema.
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正發生在Legadema身上。
10:45
And of course, the baby baboon was so innocent,
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當然，小狒狒完全不明白發生了什麽，
10:48
it didn't turn and run.
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它沒有轉身逃走。
10:50
So what we watched
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於是我們看到的
10:52
over the next couple of hours
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接下來的幾個小時
10:54
was very unique.
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是極其特別的。
10:57
It was absolutely amazing
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這絕對讓人覺得驚奇
10:59
when she picked it up to safety,
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她把它叼起來放到安全的地方，
11:01
protecting it from the hyena.
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保護它不被鬣狗叼走。
11:04
And over the next five hours,
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接下來的5個小時裡，
11:07
she took care of it.
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她一直照料著它。
11:09
We realized that we actually don't know everything,
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我們認識到我們其實并不是什麽都瞭解的，
11:12
and that nature is so unpredictable,
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大自然是如此的神奇莫測，
11:16
we have to be open at all times.
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我們必須時刻保持著開放的態度。
11:19
DJ: Okay, so she was a little bit rough.
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DJ:哦，她是有些粗魯。
11:21
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
11:26
But in fact,
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但事實上，
11:30
what we were seeing here was interesting.
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我們所看到的這一幕很有趣。
11:33
Because she is a cub wanting to play,
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因為她自己還是一個想要玩耍的小豹子，
11:36
but she was also a predator needing to kill,
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但同時又是一個需要殺戮的捕食者，
11:39
and yet conflicted in some way,
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然而某程度上與之相矛盾的是，
11:41
because she was also an emerging mother.
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因為她又是一個未來的母親。
11:44
She had this maternal instinct,
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她具備這種母性的本能，
11:46
much like a young girl on her way to womanhood,
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很像是一個小姑娘正在成長為一個成熟女性。
11:50
and so this really took us to this new level
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因此這把我們帶到一個全新的層次
11:53
of understanding that personality.
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來理解她的個性。
11:58
BJ: And of course, through the night, they lay together.
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BJ: 當然，一整夜他們都靠在一起。
12:01
They ended up sleeping for hours.
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他們在一起睡了好幾個小時。
12:03
But I have to tell you --
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但是我不得不告訴大家——
12:05
everybody always asks, "What happened to the baby baboon?"
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每一個人都會問，“那個小狒狒最後怎樣了？”
12:07
It did die,
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它確實是死了。
12:09
and we suspect it was from the freezing winter nights.
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我們懷疑是因為寒冷的冬夜。
12:13
DJ: So at this stage, I guess,
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DJ:到了這裡，我認為
12:15
we had very, very firm ideas
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我們有了一些非常堅定的信念
12:17
on what conservation meant.
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關於自然保護區存在的意義。
12:19
We had to deal with these individual personalities.
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我們必須面對這些獨特的個性。
12:22
We had to deal with them with respect
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我們必須帶著尊重面對牠們，
12:25
and celebrate them.
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讚美牠們。
12:27
And so we, with the National Geographic, formed the Big Cats Initiative
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於是我們和國家地理頻道一起組成了“大貓保育計劃”
12:30
to march forward into conservation,
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將它在保護區裡頭推展開，
12:32
taking care of the big cats that we loved --
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以照顧這些我們喜愛的大貓——
12:34
and then had an opportunity to look back over the last 50 years
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於是也有機會回顧過去50年來
12:37
to see how well we had all collectively been doing.
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我們都做了些什麽。
12:40
So when Beverly and I were born,
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也就是說當Beverly 和我剛出生時，
12:42
there were 450,000 lions,
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大約有45萬頭獅子，
12:44
and today there are 20,000.
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而今天大約為2萬頭。
12:47
Tigers haven't fared any better --
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老虎的遭遇也不樂觀——
12:49
45,000
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從四萬五千頭
12:51
down to maybe 3,000.
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減少到三千頭。
12:53
BJ: And then cheetahs have crashed
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BJ: 獵豹的數量一路降低
12:55
all the way down to 12,000.
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到一萬二千頭。
12:57
Leopards have plummeted
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花豹則
12:59
from 700,000
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從70萬頭銳減到
13:01
down to a mere 50,000.
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差不多5萬頭。
13:03
Now in the extraordinary time
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尤其是在
13:05
that we have worked with Legadema --
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我們和Legadema在一起的這段時間，
13:07
which is really over a five-year period --
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大約5年多的時間——
13:09
10,000 leopards were legally shot
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一萬頭花豹被假日獵手們
13:12
by safari hunters.
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合法地射殺。
13:14
And that's not the only leopards
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而這還不是所有
13:16
that were being killed through that period.
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在這段時間被殺死的花豹。
13:18
There's an immense amount of poaching as well,
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偷獵的數量也很巨大。
13:21
and so possibly the same amount.
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很可能也是一萬頭。
13:23
It's simply not sustainable.
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這絕對是不可持續的。
13:25
We admire them,
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我們欽佩牠們，
13:27
and we fear them,
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我們也畏懼牠們。
13:29
and yet, as man, we want to steal their power.
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然而，作為人，我們想竊取牠們的力量。
13:34
It used to be the time
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曾經有段時間
13:36
where only kings wore a leopard skin,
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只有國王才穿豹皮，
13:39
but now throughout rituals and ceremonies,
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但是現在，使用在所有的儀式和典禮上，
13:41
traditional healers and ministers.
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傳統的醫者和大臣們也穿著豹皮。
13:44
And of course, looking at this lion paw
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然後，看看這支獅爪，
13:47
that has been skinned,
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已經被剝皮，
13:49
it eerily reminds me
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它詭異地讓我想起
13:51
of a human hand,
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人類的手。
13:53
and that's ironic, because their fate is in our hands.
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而這很諷刺，因為牠們的命運的確在我們手中。
13:56
DJ: There's a burgeoning bone trade.
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DJ: 還有一個正在快速發展中的骨頭交易。
13:58
South Africa just released some lion bones onto the market.
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南非剛剛向這個市場投放了一些獅子骨頭。
14:01
Lion bones and tiger bones look exactly the same,
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獅子和老虎的骨頭看上去完全一樣，
14:04
and so in a stroke, the lion bone industry
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因此很快地，獅子骨頭產業
14:07
is going to wipe out all the tigers.
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將取代所有的虎骨。
14:10
So we have a real problem here,
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由此我們真正面臨的問題，
14:12
no more so than the lions do, the male lions.
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沒有比獅子的問題更嚴重的了，尤其是雄獅。
14:15
So the 20,000 lion figure that you just saw
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你們剛剛看到的2萬頭獅子這個數字
14:18
is actually a red herring,
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事實上只是一個幌子，
14:20
because there may be 3,000 or 4,000 male lions,
339
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因為其中大約有3到4千隻雄獅，
14:23
and they all are actually
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事實上牠們全部
14:25
infected with the same disease.
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都感染了同樣的疾病。
14:27
I call it complacency --
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我稱之為自傲——
14:29
our complacency.
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我們人類的自傲。
14:31
Because there's a sport, there's an activity going on
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因為打獵這種運動，它的存在
14:34
that we're all aware of, that we condone.
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我們都知道，卻聽之任之。
14:40
And that's probably because we haven't seen it
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而這很可能是因為我們還沒看到
14:42
like we are today.
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這運動目前的狀況。
14:46
BJ: And you have to know
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BJ: 還有你們必須要瞭解
14:48
that, when a male lion is killed,
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當一頭雄獅被殺死時，
14:50
it completely disrupts the whole pride.
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整個獅群都被摧毀了。
14:53
A new male comes into the area
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一頭新來的雄獅會進入到該片領域
14:55
and takes over the pride,
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接管整個獅群，
14:57
and, of course, first of all kills all the cubs
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然後，當然，首先就會殺死所有的幼獅，
15:00
and possibly some of the females that are defending their cubs.
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可能還會殺死一些保護自己幼崽的母獅。
15:03
So we've estimated
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因此我們大概估算
15:05
that between 20 [and] 30 lions are killed
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大概要殺死20到30頭獅子
15:08
when one lion is hanging on a wall
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才能讓一頭雄獅的頭
15:11
somewhere in a far-off place.
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掛到某個遙遠地方的牆上。
15:13
DJ: So what our investigations have shown
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DJ: 因此我們的研究表明
15:15
is that these lions are essential.
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這些雄獅是至關重要的。
15:17
They're essential to the habitat.
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牠們對棲息地來說是重要的。
15:19
If they disappear,
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如果牠們消失了，
15:21
whole ecosystems in Africa disappear.
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整個非洲的生態系統都會消失。
15:24
There's an 80-billion-dollar-a-year
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每年非洲可獲得價值800億美元的
15:26
ecotourism revenue stream into Africa.
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生態旅遊收入。
15:29
So this is not just a concern about lions;
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所以這不僅僅是在關心獅子，
15:32
it's a concern about communities in Africa as well.
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也是在關心非洲的社群。
15:35
If they disappear, all of that goes away.
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如果牠們消失了，那所有這些都完了。
15:38
But what I'm more concerned about in many ways
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但是我在更多方面的擔心是
15:41
is that, as we de-link ourselves from nature,
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當我們和自然脫鉤，
15:44
as we de-link ourselves spiritually
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當我們從靈性上
15:46
from these animals,
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和這些動物脫鉤時，
15:48
we lose hope,
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我們就失去了希望，
15:51
we lose that spiritual connection,
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失去了精神上的聯繫，
15:54
our dignity, that thing within us
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失去了我們的人格，而正是這內在於我們的東西，
15:57
that keeps us connected to the planet.
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使我們保持與這個星球的聯繫。
15:59
BJ: So you have to know, looking into the eyes
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BJ: 因此你們必須瞭解，此時此刻望向這些
16:02
of lions and leopards right now,
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獅子和豹子的眼睛，
16:05
it is all about critical awareness.
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所需要的就是關鍵性的覺醒。
16:07
And so what we are doing,
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所以我們要做的，
16:09
in February, we're bringing out a film called "The Last Lion,"
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就是在2月將發佈一部電影，叫做“最後的獅子”。
16:12
and "The Last Lion" is exactly
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而“最後的獅子”恰恰就是
16:14
what is happening right now.
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現在正在發生的事實。
16:16
That is the situation we're in --
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這就是我們目前所處在的情形——
16:18
the last lions.
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最後的獅子。
16:20
That is, if we don't take action and do something,
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就是說，如果我們不採取行動去做點什麽，
16:22
these plains will be completely devoid
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這些平原上將完全失去
16:24
of big cats,
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這些大貓。
16:26
and then, in turn, everything else will disappear.
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而其後果就是其餘的一切也將隨之消亡。
16:29
And simply, if we can't protect them,
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很簡單，如果我們不能保護牠們，
16:31
we're going to have a job protecting ourselves as well.
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我們接下來的工作就是要保護我們自己了。
16:34
DJ: And in fact, that original thing that we spoke about
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DJ: 而事實上，我們所談論的
16:37
and designed our lives by --
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也是我們照著去生活的最根本的東西——
16:39
that conservation was all about respect
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也就是保護區的意義就在於尊重
16:41
and celebration --
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和讚美——
16:43
is probably true. That's really what it needs.
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這一點很可能就是真理所在；那就是我們真正需要的東西。
16:46
We need it. We respect and celebrate each other
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我們需要牠。我們彼此尊重和讚美對方
16:49
as a man and a woman, as a community
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作為男人和女人，作為一個社群，
16:52
and as part of this planet,
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同時作為這個星球的一部份，
16:54
and we need to continue that.
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我們要將它延續下去。
16:56
And Legadema?
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至於Legadema？
16:58
Well we can report, in fact,
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我們可以告訴大家，事實上，
17:00
that we're grandparents.
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我們做外祖父外祖母了。
17:02
(Laughter)
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（觀眾笑聲）
17:04
BJ/DJ: Thank you very much.
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BJ/DJ: 非常感謝大家。
17:06
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Beverly + Dereck Joubert - Conservationists, filmmakersDocumentary filmmakers Beverly and Dereck Joubert have worked to conserve wildlife for more than 25 years. As National Geographic Explorers in Residence, the couple influences public policy and perceptions.
Why you should listen
For nearly three decades, conservationists Beverly and Dereck Joubert have celebrated nature and wildlife in documentaries, books, scientific journals, photographs and magazine articles. The couple’s arresting visual work—which includes the widely viewed film Eternal Enemies: Lions and Hyena -- has earned them five Emmys and many other awards. The Jouberts, both National Geographic Explorers in Residence based in Botswana, are dedicated to understanding and preserving key species throughout the African continent. The couple is particularly interested in large predators, and lead the Big Cats Initiative, a campaign to stop dwindling populations and bolster public awareness.
Beverly and Dereck are also building a new model for preservation as partners in Great Plains Conservation. Striking a balance of preservation, community and commerce, GPC aims to save endangered habitats in Africa and surrounding the Indian Ocean through low-impact tourism and the sale of carbon credits and villas or bush homes.
Their new movie is The Last Lions, opening February 18, 2011.
Beverly + Dereck Joubert | Speaker | TED.com