TED2017
Anab Jain: Why we need to imagine different futures
亞娜柏珍: 為什麼我們需要想像不同的未來
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Readability: 5
1,739,273 views
亞娜柏珍讓未來活了過來。她創造體驗，讓人們能夠觸摸、看見，以及感受到我們可能會造成的世界。比如，我們想要一個智慧機器巡邏街巷的世界嗎？或是一個由基因遺傳決定我們健康照護的世界？珍的專案呈現為我們想要的世界而戰何以重要。來這場讓人大開眼戒的演說，瞄一眼未來可能是什麼樣子。
Anab Jain - Futurist, designer
TED Fellow Anab Jain imagines and builds future worlds we can experience in the present moment. By creating new ways of seeing, being and acting, she inspires and challenges us to look critically at the decisions and choices we make today. Full bio
TED Fellow Anab Jain imagines and builds future worlds we can experience in the present moment. By creating new ways of seeing, being and acting, she inspires and challenges us to look critically at the decisions and choices we make today. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I visit the future for a living.
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我靠造訪未來來為生。
00:16
Not just one future,
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不只是一個未來，
00:17
but many possible futures,
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而是好幾個可能的未來，
00:20
bringing back evidences from those futures
for you to experience today.
for you to experience today.
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從那些未來帶回證據，
讓你們今天能夠體驗。
讓你們今天能夠體驗。
00:25
Like an archaeologist of the future.
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我就像一位未來的考古學家。
00:28
Over the years, my many journeys
have brought back things
have brought back things
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多年來，我多趟的旅行
帶回來的東西包括
帶回來的東西包括
00:31
like a new species
of synthetically engineered bees;
of synthetically engineered bees;
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新品種人工合成的蜜蜂、
00:37
a book named, "Pets as Protein;"
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一本名為「以寵物作為蛋白質」的書、
00:40
a machine that makes you rich
by trading your genetic data;
by trading your genetic data;
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一台透過買賣你的基因資料
來讓你致富的機器、
來讓你致富的機器、
00:43
a lamp powered by sugar;
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一盞以糖為能源的燈、
00:46
a computer for growing food.
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一台種糧食用的電腦。
00:48
OK, so I don't actually travel
to different futures -- yet.
to different futures -- yet.
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好吧，我其實無法旅行到
不同的未來，目前還無法。
不同的未來，目前還無法。
00:52
But my husband Jon and I spend
a lot of time thinking
a lot of time thinking
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但我和我的老公，強，花了很多時間
00:55
and creating visions
of different futures in our studio.
of different futures in our studio.
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在我們的工作室裡思考
並創造不同未來的想法。
並創造不同未來的想法。
01:00
We are constantly looking out
for weak signals,
for weak signals,
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我們經常在尋找微弱的訊號，
01:02
those murmurs of future potential.
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即那些關於未來可能性的私語。
01:05
Then we trace those threads of potential
out into the future, asking:
out into the future, asking:
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接著，我們追蹤這些可能性，
一路追蹤到未來，並問：
一路追蹤到未來，並問：
01:09
What might it feel like
to live in this future?
to live in this future?
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生活在這個未來裡的感覺會是如何？
01:13
What might we see, hear and even breathe?
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我們可能會看到、聽到、
甚至呼吸到什麼？
甚至呼吸到什麼？
01:17
Then we run experiments,
build prototypes, make objects,
build prototypes, make objects,
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接著，我們進行實驗、
建立原型、製作實物，
建立原型、製作實物，
01:21
bringing aspects of these futures to life,
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呈現這些未來的外觀，
01:23
making them concrete and tangible
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讓這些未來的實體成形，
01:26
so you can really feel the impact
of those future possibilities
of those future possibilities
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使你們當下得以在此感受到
這些未來可能帶來的衝擊。
01:30
here and now.
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01:32
But this work is not about predictions.
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但這並不是在做預測，
01:35
It's about creating tools --
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而是在創造工具，
01:37
tools that can help connect
our present and our future selves
our present and our future selves
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能協助我們連結現在的自我
與未來的自我的工具，
與未來的自我的工具，
01:41
so we become active participants
in creating a future we want --
in creating a future we want --
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使我們成為主動的參與者，
共同打造一個我們渴望的未來，
共同打造一個我們渴望的未來，
01:45
a future that works for all.
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一個對大家而言都行得通的未來。
01:48
So how do we go about doing this?
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我們如何做呢？
01:51
For a recent project called Drone Aviary,
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近期有一個名為
「鳥舍無人機」的計畫，
「鳥舍無人機」的計畫，
01:54
we were interested in exploring
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我們想要探究的是
01:56
what it would mean to live
with drones in our cities.
with drones in our cities.
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與無人機一同生活在城市的涵義。
01:59
Drones that have the power
to see things we can't,
to see things we can't,
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無人機可以看見我們看不見的東西，
02:01
to go places we can't
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到達我們到達不了的地方，
02:03
and to do so with increasing autonomy.
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且它們這麼做時還有著自主權。
02:06
But to understand the technology,
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但為了解這樣科技，
02:08
getting our hands dirty was crucial.
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親自下海去做是很重要的。
02:10
So we built several different
drones in our studio.
drones in our studio.
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所以我們在工作室裡
打造了幾架不同的無人機，
打造了幾架不同的無人機，
02:13
We gave them names, functions
and then flew them --
and then flew them --
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為它們命名，給它們功能，
並操作它們飛行。
並操作它們飛行。
02:17
but not without difficulty.
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但不是沒遇到困難，比如
02:19
Things came loose,
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有些東西會鬆掉、
02:20
GPS signals glitched
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GPS訊號故障、
02:22
and drones crashed.
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還有無人機墜機。
02:24
But it was through such experimentation
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但是就是透過這樣的實驗，
02:26
that we could construct a very
concrete and very experiential slice
concrete and very experiential slice
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我們才能夠打造出
可能未來的其中一小部份，
可能未來的其中一小部份，
02:30
of one possible future.
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具體且來自經驗的一小部份。
02:33
So now, let's go to that future.
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所以，現在，我們前往那個未來吧。
02:36
Let's imagine we are living in a city
with drones like this one.
with drones like this one.
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想像我們與像這樣的無人機
一同住在一個城市中。
一同住在一個城市中。
02:40
We call it The Nightwatchman.
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我們稱這台為「守夜者」。
02:42
It patrols the streets, often spotted
in the evenings and at night.
in the evenings and at night.
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它會在街上巡邏，
通常在傍晚和晚上可以看到它。
通常在傍晚和晚上可以看到它。
02:47
Initially, many of us were annoyed
by its low, dull hum.
by its low, dull hum.
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剛開始，很多人會覺得
它低沉單調的嗡嗡聲很惱人。
它低沉單調的嗡嗡聲很惱人。
02:51
But then, like everything else,
we got used to it.
we got used to it.
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但和我們習慣其他的事物一樣，
接下來我們習慣了它。
接下來我們習慣了它。
02:54
Now, what if you could see
the world through its eyes?
the world through its eyes?
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假如你能夠透過它的眼睛
來看世界，會是怎樣的？
來看世界，會是怎樣的？
02:58
See how it constantly logs
every resident of our neighborhood;
every resident of our neighborhood;
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看看它如何不斷在記錄
我們街坊中的每位居民；
我們街坊中的每位居民；
03:02
logging the kids who play football
in the no-ballgame area
in the no-ballgame area
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記錄在禁止球類運動區中
玩足球的那些孩子，
玩足球的那些孩子，
03:06
and marking them as statutory nuisances.
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並將他們標記為法定滋擾者。
03:08
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
03:10
And then see how it disperses
this other group, who are teenagers,
this other group, who are teenagers,
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然後看它如何驅散這群青少年，
靠的是威脅要自動簽發強制令。
03:14
with the threat of an autonomously
issued injunction.
issued injunction.
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03:18
And then there's this giant
floating disc called Madison.
floating disc called Madison.
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還有這台名叫麥迪森的巨大飛碟。
03:22
Its glaring presence is so overpowering,
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它顯眼的存在給人壓迫感，
03:24
I can't help but stare at it.
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我忍不住盯著它看。
03:27
But if feels like each time I look at it,
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但感覺每當我多看它一眼，
03:29
it knows a little more about me --
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它就多了解我一點。
03:31
like it keeps flashing all these
Brianair adverts at me,
Brianair adverts at me,
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就像它不斷對我呈現那些
Brianair 航空公司的廣告，
Brianair 航空公司的廣告，
03:35
as if it knows about
the holiday I'm planning.
the holiday I'm planning.
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彷彿它知道我正規劃著假期一般。
03:38
I'm not sure if I find this
mildly entertaining
mildly entertaining
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我不太確定我的感受，
是有點好玩，還是全然被冒犯了。
03:42
or just entirely invasive.
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03:45
Back to the present.
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回到現在，
03:47
In creating this future, we learned a lot.
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在創造這個未來時，我們學到很多。
03:50
Not just about how these machines work,
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不只學到這些機器如何運作，
03:52
but what it would feel like
to live alongside them.
to live alongside them.
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也學到和它們一起生活的感受如何。
03:56
Whilst drones like Madison
and Nightwatchman,
and Nightwatchman,
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雖然無人機，特別是像麥迪森跟守夜者
03:58
in these particular forms,
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這類形式的無人機，
04:00
are not real yet,
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尚未成真，
04:01
most elements of a drone future
are in fact very real today.
are in fact very real today.
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許多無人機的未來元素
在現今就非常真實了。
在現今就非常真實了。
04:06
For instance,
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比如，
04:07
facial recognition systems
are everywhere --
are everywhere --
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臉孔辨識系統到處可見，
04:09
in our phones, even in our thermostats
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在我們的手機上，甚至在溫度調節器
04:12
and in cameras around our cities --
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和城市各處無所不在的攝影機上 ，
04:14
keeping a record of everything we do,
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記錄著我們所做的每件事，
04:17
whether it's an advertisement
we glanced at or a protest we attended.
we glanced at or a protest we attended.
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不論是我們看了一眼的廣告，
或是參與的抗議活動。
或是參與的抗議活動。
04:21
These things are here,
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這些現今已然存在，
04:23
and we often don't understand
how they work,
how they work,
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我們通常不了解它們如何運作，
04:26
and what their consequences could be.
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也不知道它們會造成什麼後果。
04:29
And we see this all around us.
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在我們身邊處處可見。
04:30
This difficulty in even imagining
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難以想像
04:32
how the consequences of our actions
today will affect our future.
today will affect our future.
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我們今天的行為
會如何影響我們的未來。
會如何影響我們的未來。
04:37
Last year, where I live, in the UK,
there was a referendum
there was a referendum
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去年在我的居住地，英國，
有一場公民投票，
有一場公民投票，
04:40
where the people could vote
for the UK to leave the EU
for the UK to leave the EU
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人民投票選擇是要英國脫離歐盟
04:43
or stay in the EU,
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或留在歐盟中，
04:44
popularly known as "Brexit."
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一般稱為「英國脫歐（Brexit）」。
（註：Br 英國 + exit 脫離）
（註：Br 英國 + exit 脫離）
04:46
And soon after the results came out,
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在結果出來之後不久，
04:48
a word began to surface
called "Bregret" --
called "Bregret" --
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「（英國後悔）Bregret」一詞出現了。
（註：Br 英國 + regret 後悔）
（註：Br 英國 + regret 後悔）
04:51
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
04:52
describing people who chose to vote
for Brexit as a protest,
for Brexit as a protest,
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這詞被用來形容
投票贊成英國脫歐以示抗議，
投票贊成英國脫歐以示抗議，
04:56
but without thinking through
its potential consequences.
its potential consequences.
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卻但沒有想清楚
會造成什麼後果的那些人。
會造成什麼後果的那些人。
05:01
And this disconnect is evident
in some of the simplest things.
in some of the simplest things.
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顯而易見的不一致性
出現在一些非常簡單的事物上。
出現在一些非常簡單的事物上。
05:05
Say you go out for a quick drink.
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比如，你出門想快速喝杯酒，
05:07
Then you decide
you wouldn't mind a few more.
you wouldn't mind a few more.
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接著，你決定多喝幾杯，
05:10
You know you'll wake up
in the morning feeling awful,
in the morning feeling awful,
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明明知道隔天早上起床會很難受，
05:13
but you justify it by saying,
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但你找了個理由，說：
05:14
"The other me in the future
will deal with that."
will deal with that."
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「未來面對宿醉的是另一個我。」
05:17
But as we find out in the morning,
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但次日的早晨，我們發現
05:19
that future "you" is you.
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那個未來的「你」就是你本人。
05:22
When I was growing up in India
in the late '70s and early '80s,
in the late '70s and early '80s,
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當我 70 年代末、80 年代初
在印度長大時，
在印度長大時，
05:25
there was a feeling
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有一種感覺，就是
05:26
that the future both needed to
and could actually be planned.
and could actually be planned.
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未來需要被規劃，
而且確實能夠被規劃。
而且確實能夠被規劃。
05:30
I remember my parents had to plan
for some of the simplest things.
for some of the simplest things.
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記得我父母必須規劃
一些最簡單的事。
一些最簡單的事。
05:33
When they wanted a telephone in our house,
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想在家裡裝支電話，
05:35
they needed to order it and then wait --
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他們需要先預訂，然後等待，
05:38
wait for nearly five years before
it got installed in our house.
it got installed in our house.
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等了將近五年，我們家才裝了電話。
05:41
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
05:42
And then if they wanted to call
my grandparents who lived in another city,
my grandparents who lived in another city,
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如果他們想打電話
給我住在外地的祖父母，
給我住在外地的祖父母，
05:45
they needed to book
something called a "trunk call,"
something called a "trunk call,"
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他們需要訂購一種叫
「長途電話」的東西，
「長途電話」的東西，
然後再等待，等幾小時甚至幾天。
05:48
and then wait again,
for hours or even days.
for hours or even days.
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05:51
And then abruptly, the phone
would ring at two in the morning,
would ring at two in the morning,
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可能在清晨兩點電話鈴突然響起，
我們所有人跳下床，圍著電話，
05:54
and all of us would jump out of our beds
and gather round the phone,
and gather round the phone,
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對著電話大喊，話家常，
05:57
shrieking into it,
discussing general well-being
discussing general well-being
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清晨兩點鐘。
05:59
at two in the morning.
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06:01
Today it can feel like things
are happening too fast --
are happening too fast --
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今天，感覺像是事物都發生得太快，
06:05
so fast, that it can
become really difficult
become really difficult
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快到讓我們很難去
06:07
for us to form an understanding
of our place in history.
of our place in history.
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了解我們在歷史上的位置。
06:10
It creates an overwhelming sense
of uncertainty and anxiety,
of uncertainty and anxiety,
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它會造成不可抵擋的
不確定感和焦慮感，
不確定感和焦慮感，
06:13
and so, we let the future
just happen to us.
just happen to us.
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如此，我們容許未來
直接發生在我們的身上。
直接發生在我們的身上。
06:18
We don't connect with that future "us."
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我們沒連結上「未來的我們」，
06:20
We treat our future selves as a stranger,
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而是把未來的自己當作外人，
06:22
and the future as a foreign land.
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把未來當作異鄉。
06:25
It's not a foreign land;
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未來不是異鄉，
06:26
it's unfolding right in front of us,
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它正在我們的面前展開，
06:28
continually being shaped
by our actions today.
by our actions today.
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不斷由我們現今的行為塑造成形。
06:31
We are that future,
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我們就是那未來，
06:33
and so I believe fighting
for a future we want
for a future we want
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所以我相信為我們希求的未來而戰
06:36
is more urgent and necessary
than ever before.
than ever before.
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比以往更為迫切。
06:40
We have learned in our work
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從實作中，我們學到
06:41
that one of the most powerful means
of effecting change
of effecting change
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若要影響改變，最強大的手段之一
06:45
is when people can directly, tangibly
and emotionally experience
and emotionally experience
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就是讓人們能夠直接地、
實質地，帶著情緒地
實質地，帶著情緒地
去體驗一些他們現今行為
所造成的未來後果。
所造成的未來後果。
06:49
some of the future consequences
of their actions today.
of their actions today.
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06:53
Earlier this year, the government
of the United Arab Emirates invited us
of the United Arab Emirates invited us
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今年年初，我們應
阿拉伯聯合大公國政府之邀，
阿拉伯聯合大公國政府之邀，
06:57
to help them shape
their country's energy strategy
their country's energy strategy
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去協助他們計畫該國的能源策略，
06:59
all the way up to 2050.
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一直到 2050 年的策略。
07:01
Based on the government's econometric
data, we created this large city model,
data, we created this large city model,
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根據該政府的計量經濟資料，
我們建立了這個大型城市模型，
我們建立了這個大型城市模型，
07:05
and visualized many
possible futures on it.
possible futures on it.
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將許多可能的未來
都視覺化呈現在其中。
都視覺化呈現在其中。
07:10
As I was excitably taking a group
of government officials
of government officials
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當我很興奮地帶著一群政府官員
07:13
and members of energy companies
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以及能源公司的成員
07:15
through one sustainable
future on our model,
future on our model,
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看過我們模型呈現的一個永續未來，
07:17
one of the participants told me,
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其中一位參與者告訴我：
07:20
"I cannot imagine that in the future
people will stop driving cars
people will stop driving cars
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「我無法想像未來人們不再開車，
07:23
and start using public transport."
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開始改乘大眾交通工具。」
07:25
And then he said,
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接著，他說：
07:27
"There's no way I can tell my own son
to stop driving his car."
to stop driving his car."
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「我不可能叫我兒子不再開車。」
07:31
But we were prepared for this reaction.
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但我們對這樣的反應早有準備，
07:35
Working with scientists in a chemistry lab
in my home city in India,
in my home city in India,
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我們和科學家合作，在我印度
家鄉城市的化學實驗室中，
家鄉城市的化學實驗室中，
07:38
we had created approximate samples
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創造出了近似的樣本，
07:40
of what the air would be like in 2030
if our behavior stays the same.
if our behavior stays the same.
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來呈現如果我們的行為持續不變，
2030 年的空氣會是什麼樣子。
2030 年的空氣會是什麼樣子。
07:46
And so, I walked the group
over to this object
over to this object
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所以，我帶這群人走向這樣物品，
07:49
that emits vapor from those air samples.
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然後把那些空氣樣本釋放出來。
07:53
Just one whiff of the noxious
polluted air from 2030
polluted air from 2030
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吸一口這 2030 年的
有害污染空氣，
有害污染空氣，
07:57
brought home the point
that no amount of data can.
that no amount of data can.
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比任何份量的數據更能指出重點。
08:01
This is not the future you would want
your children to inherit.
your children to inherit.
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這不是你希望你的孩子繼承的未來。
08:04
The next day, the government
made a big announcement.
made a big announcement.
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隔天，該政府做了一項重大宣佈，
08:07
They would be investing billions
of dollars in renewables.
of dollars in renewables.
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他們將投入數十億元於再生能源上。
08:10
We don't know what part our future
experiences played in this decision,
experiences played in this decision,
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我們不知道我們的未來體驗
在這個決策中扮演了什麼角色，
在這個決策中扮演了什麼角色，
08:14
but we know that they've changed
their energy policy
their energy policy
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但我們知道這些未來體驗
的確改變了他們的能源政策，
的確改變了他們的能源政策，
08:17
to mitigate such a scenario.
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轉向試著緩和這個污染情況。
08:18
While something like air from the future
is very effective and tangible,
is very effective and tangible,
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雖然來自未來的空氣
是非常有效且有形的，
是非常有效且有形的，
08:22
the trajectory from our present
to a future consequence
to a future consequence
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從我們現今對應到未來後果的軌道
08:25
is not always so linear.
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不見得都是這麼線性的。
08:27
Even when a technology
is developed with utopian ideals,
is developed with utopian ideals,
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即使是根據烏托邦理想
而開發出來的科技，
而開發出來的科技，
08:30
the moment it leaves the laboratory
and enters the world,
and enters the world,
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當它離開實驗室，進入真實世界，
08:33
it is subject to forces outside
of the creators' control.
of the creators' control.
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它就要面臨其創造者
無法控制的外在力量，
無法控制的外在力量，
08:37
For one particular project,
we investigated medical genomics:
we investigated medical genomics:
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在一個特別的專案中，
我們研究了醫學的基因組學：
我們研究了醫學的基因組學：
08:41
the technology of gathering
and using people's genetic data
and using people's genetic data
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這項技術收集和使用人的基因資料，
08:44
to create personalized medicine.
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來創造個人化的藥物。
08:47
We were asking:
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我們問：
08:48
What are some of the unintended
consequences of linking our genetics
consequences of linking our genetics
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連結我們的基因組學與健康照護
會有什麼未預期的後果？
08:52
to health care?
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08:55
To explore this question further,
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為了進一步探究這個問題，
08:57
we created a fictional lawsuit,
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我們創造了一個虛構的法律訴訟，
08:59
and brought it to life through 31 pieces
of carefully crafted evidence.
of carefully crafted evidence.
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用 31 個細心製作的證據
讓它活起來，
讓它活起來，
09:04
So we built an illegal genetic clinic,
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我們建立了一所非法的基因診所，
09:07
a DIY carbon dioxide incubator,
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以及自製的二氧化碳恆溫箱，
09:11
and even bought frozen mice on eBay.
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甚至從 eBay 買了冰凍老鼠。
09:14
So now let's go to that future
where this lawsuit is unfolding,
where this lawsuit is unfolding,
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現在我們前往未來，
去看看這個訴訟如何展開，
去看看這個訴訟如何展開，
09:17
and meet the defendant, Arnold Mann.
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以及看這被告，阿諾曼恩。
09:20
Arnold is being prosecuted
by this global giant biotech company
by this global giant biotech company
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3565
一間大型的生技公司控告阿諾，
09:23
called Dynamic Genetics,
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公司名叫 Dynamic Genetics
（直譯：動態遺傳學）。
（直譯：動態遺傳學）。
09:25
because they have evidence
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因為他們有證據顯示
09:27
that Arnold has illegally inserted
the company's patented genetic material
the company's patented genetic material
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阿諾的身體非法植入了
該公司握有的專利基因素材。
09:31
into his body.
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09:33
How on earth did Arnold manage to do that?
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到底阿諾是怎麼做到的？
09:36
Well, it all started
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嗯，一切源於
09:38
when Arnold was asked to submit
a saliva sample in this spit kit
a saliva sample in this spit kit
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阿諾被要求交出一盒唾液樣本
09:42
to the NHI --
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給 NHI，
09:43
the UK's National Health
Insurance service.
Insurance service.
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英國的國家健康保險服務。
09:47
When Arnold received
his health insurance bill,
his health insurance bill,
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當阿諾收到健康保險帳單時，
09:50
he was shocked and scared
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他很驚訝和害怕，
09:51
to see that his premiums
had gone through the roof,
had gone through the roof,
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因為他發現他的保險費飆高，
09:54
beyond anything he or his family
could ever afford.
could ever afford.
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遠超過他或他的家人能負擔的金額。
09:57
The state's algorithm had scanned
his genetic data
his genetic data
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國家的演算法掃瞄了他的基因資料，
10:00
and found the risk of a chronic health
condition lurking in his DNA.
condition lurking in his DNA.
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發現有慢性健康問題的風險
潛伏在他的 DNA 中。
潛伏在他的 DNA 中。
10:05
And so Arnold had to start paying
toward the potential costs
toward the potential costs
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所以阿諾得要開始支付
那未來潛在疾病的治療成本，
10:08
of that future disease --
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10:10
potential future disease from today.
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那是現在來看有可能
在未來發生的疾病。
在未來發生的疾病。
10:12
In that moment of fear and panic,
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在那恐懼和慌張的時刻，
10:14
Arnold slipped through the city
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阿諾悄悄穿過城市，
10:15
into the dark shadows
of this illegal clinic for treatment --
of this illegal clinic for treatment --
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到一間非法診所暗中治療，
10:19
a treatment that would modify his DNA
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2161
修正他的 DNA，
10:21
so that the state's algorithm
would no longer see him as a risk,
would no longer see him as a risk,
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讓國家演算法不再判讀他存在風險，
10:25
and his insurance premiums
would become affordable again.
would become affordable again.
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而保險費降回負擔得起的金額。
10:28
But Arnold was caught.
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但阿諾被逮到，
10:30
And the legal proceedings in the case
Dynamic Genetics v. Mann began.
Dynamic Genetics v. Mann began.
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Dynamic Genetics 公司
對付阿諾曼恩的法律訴訟開始了 。
對付阿諾曼恩的法律訴訟開始了 。
10:34
In bringing such a future to life,
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在呈現出未來的時候，
10:36
what was important to us
was that people could actually touch,
was that people could actually touch,
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對我們很重要的一點，
是人們要真的能觸碰、
是人們要真的能觸碰、
看見、感受到這個未來的可能性，
10:39
see and feel its potential,
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1568
10:41
because such an immediate and close
encounter provokes people
encounter provokes people
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因為這種立即且親密的接觸，
10:44
to ask the right questions,
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會使人們正確提問，
10:46
questions like:
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比如這樣的問題：
10:48
What are the implications
of living in a world
of living in a world
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居住在一個由基因判斷人的世界
10:50
where I'm judged on my genetics?
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有什麼意涵？
10:53
Or: Who might claim ownership
to my genetic data,
to my genetic data,
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3141
或，誰能擁有我的基因資料
10:56
and what might they do with it?
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和會用這些資料做什麼？
10:58
If this feels even slightly
out-there or farfetched,
out-there or farfetched,
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如果你覺得這有點牽強，
11:02
today there's a little-known bill
being passed through the American congress
being passed through the American congress
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現今，有個鮮少人知道的法案
正處於美國國會的審查流程中，
正處於美國國會的審查流程中，
11:05
known as HR 1313, Preserving
Employee Wellness Programs Act.
Employee Wellness Programs Act.
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4049
叫做 HR 1313，
維護員工健康專案法。
維護員工健康專案法。
11:10
This bill proposes to amend the Genetic
Information Nondiscrimination Act,
Information Nondiscrimination Act,
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法案的內容是要修正
非歧視基因資訊法，
非歧視基因資訊法，
11:14
popularly known as GINA,
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1706
通稱 GINA，
11:16
and would allow employers to ask
about family medical history
about family medical history
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3308
它允許僱主詢問其所有員工的
家庭醫療病史以及基因資料，
11:20
and genetic data
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1184
11:21
to all employees for the first time.
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史上頭一回。
11:24
Those who refuse
would face large penalties.
would face large penalties.
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拒絕提供資料的員工將面臨重罰。
11:29
In the work I've shown so far,
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在我目前已經展現出來的內容中，
11:31
whether it was drones or genetic crimes,
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不論是無人機或基因犯罪，
11:33
these stories describe troubling futures
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2358
這些故事都在描述讓人困擾的未來，
11:35
with the intention of helping us
avoid those futures.
avoid those futures.
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故事目的是在協助我們
避免發生這些未來。
避免發生這些未來。
11:39
But what about what we can't avoid?
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但對我們無法避免的，要如何是好？
11:41
Today, especially with climate change,
237
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2092
現今看來，氣候變遷尤其
11:43
it looks like we are heading for trouble.
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使我們面臨困境。
11:46
And so what we want to do now
is to prepare for that future
is to prepare for that future
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3199
因此我們現在要為未來做準備，
11:49
by developing tools and attitudes
that can help us find hope --
that can help us find hope --
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4257
我們可以發展工具和備好態度
來協助我們找到希望，
來協助我們找到希望，
11:54
hope that can inspire action.
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找到能夠激發行動的希望。
11:56
Currently, we are running
an experiment in our studio.
an experiment in our studio.
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目前，我們工作室正進行一項實驗，
11:59
It's a work in progress.
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正朝著目標前進。
12:01
Based on climate data projections,
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2224
根據氣候資料預測，
12:03
we are exploring a future
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在我們正探究的未來中，
12:05
where the Western world has moved
from abundance to scarcity.
from abundance to scarcity.
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3433
西方世界已經從充足變為匱乏。
12:08
We imagine living in a future city
with repeated flooding,
with repeated flooding,
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想像我們居住在洪水
不斷重覆泛濫成災的未來城市中，
不斷重覆泛濫成災的未來城市中，
12:12
periods with almost
no food in supermarkets,
no food in supermarkets,
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2737
超市裡幾乎沒有食物，
12:15
economic instabilities,
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1736
經濟不穩定，
12:16
broken supply chains.
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1685
供應鏈支離破碎。
12:19
What can we do to not just survive,
but prosper in such a world?
but prosper in such a world?
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在這樣的世界裡，如果不只要生存，
還要繁榮，我們能做些什麼？
還要繁榮，我們能做些什麼？
12:24
What food can we eat?
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我們能吃什麼食物？
12:26
To really step inside these questions,
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1819
為了真正探究這些問題，
12:28
we are building this room in a flat
in London from 2050.
in London from 2050.
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3814
我們正在倫敦的一間公寓裡
建造這個 2050 年的房間。
建造這個 2050 年的房間。
12:32
It's like a little time capsule
that we reclaimed from the future.
that we reclaimed from the future.
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3316
它像是我們回收自未來的時空膠囊。
12:35
We stripped it down to the bare minimum.
256
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我們將它減至最精簡。
12:38
Everything we lovingly put in our homes,
257
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1906
家中我們深愛並擺放的一切，
12:40
like flat-panel TVs,
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1676
比如平板電視、
12:41
internet-connected fridges
259
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1796
有網路連線的冰箱、
12:43
and artisanal furnishings
260
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以及工藝傢俱，
12:45
all had to go.
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1322
都得除掉。
12:46
And in its place,
we're building food computers
we're building food computers
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取而代之，我們建立了食物電腦，
12:49
from abandoned, salvaged
and repurposed materials,
and repurposed materials,
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2854
用的是被棄的廢料，
以及改變用途再利用的材料，
以及改變用途再利用的材料，
12:52
turning today's waste
into tomorrow's dinner.
into tomorrow's dinner.
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2407
將今天的垃圾轉為明日的晚餐。
12:56
For instance,
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1151
比如，
12:57
we've just finished building our first
fully automated fogponics machine.
fully automated fogponics machine.
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我們才剛建好第一個全自動霧耕機，
13:01
It uses the technique of fogponics --
so just fog as a nutrient,
so just fog as a nutrient,
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用霧耕的技術，
也就是只用霧氣當作養份，
也就是只用霧氣當作養份，
13:05
not even water or soil --
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甚至不用水或土，
13:06
to grow things quickly.
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來快速種植栽培。
13:09
At the moment,
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此刻，
13:10
we have successfully grown tomatoes.
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我們已經成功種出了蕃茄。
13:13
But we'll need more food than what
we can grow in this small room.
we can grow in this small room.
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但我們需要的食物量
遠超過這小房間中種得出來的。
遠超過這小房間中種得出來的。
13:16
So what else could we forage
from the city?
from the city?
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所以我們還能從城市中
搜索到什麼來做糧秣？
搜索到什麼來做糧秣？
13:19
Insects? Pigeons? Foxes?
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昆蟲？鴿子？狐狸？
13:25
Earlier, we brought back
air from the future.
air from the future.
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先前，我們帶回了未來的空氣。
13:28
This time we are bringing
an entire room from the future,
an entire room from the future,
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這次，我們要把整個房間
從未來帶回現在，
從未來帶回現在，
13:31
a room full of hope, tools and tactics
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這個房間中滿是希望、工具和戰術，
13:33
to create positive action
in hostile conditions.
in hostile conditions.
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用來在惡劣條件下創造正面的行動。
13:37
Spending time in this room,
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花時間在這間
13:38
a room that could be our own future home,
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我們未來可能的家裡面，
13:41
makes the consequences
of climate change and food insecurity
of climate change and food insecurity
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把氣候改變和糧食不安全的後果
13:44
much more immediate and tangible.
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變得更直接、更具體。
13:49
What we're learning through such
experiments and our practice
experiments and our practice
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我們從這類的實驗、
實作，以及參與的人中學到：
13:52
and the people we engage with
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13:53
is that creating concrete experiences
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創造出具體的實驗
13:55
can bridge the disconnect
between today and tomorrow.
between today and tomorrow.
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能架起連結今日和明日之間的橋樑。
13:59
By putting ourselves
into different possible futures,
into different possible futures,
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透過把我們自己放入
不同的可能未來中，
不同的可能未來中，
14:02
by becoming open and willing
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透過變得開放且願意
14:04
to embrace the uncertainty and discomfort
that such an act can bring,
that such an act can bring,
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擁抱這類行為可能會帶來的
不確定性和不舒服，
不確定性和不舒服，
14:08
we have the opportunity
to imagine new possibilities.
to imagine new possibilities.
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我們就有機會能想像出新的可能性。
14:12
We can find optimistic futures;
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我們能夠找到樂觀的未來；
14:14
we can find paths forward;
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我們能夠找到向前的路；
14:16
we can move beyond hope into action.
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我們能超越僅僅希望的層面，
真正開始行動。
真正開始行動。
14:18
It means we have the chance
to change direction,
to change direction,
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這意味著，我們有機會改變方向，
14:22
a chance to have our voices heard,
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有機會讓我們的聲音被聽見，
14:25
a chance to write ourselves
into a future we want.
into a future we want.
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有機會將我們自己
寫入我們想要的未來當中。
寫入我們想要的未來當中。
14:31
Other worlds are possible.
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其他的世界是有可能的。
14:34
Thank you.
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謝謝大家。
14:35
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Anab Jain - Futurist, designerTED Fellow Anab Jain imagines and builds future worlds we can experience in the present moment. By creating new ways of seeing, being and acting, she inspires and challenges us to look critically at the decisions and choices we make today.
Why you should listen
We live in extraordinary times, concurrently breathtaking and deeply precarious. Anab Jain co-founded the vanguard laboratory, design and film studio Superflux with Jon Ardern to parse uncertainties around our shared futures. She creates tangible, provocative experiences that transport people directly into possible future worlds. Through her work, Jain has discovered a powerful means of affecting change; by confronting and emotionally connecting people with future consequences in the present.
From climate change and growing inequality, to the emergence of artificial intelligence and the future of work, Jain and her team explore some of the biggest challenges of our times -- and investigate the potential and unintended consequences of these challenges.
Superflux is currently developing tools and strategies that can enable us to mitigate the shock of food insecurity and climate change. Recently, they produced a series of civilian drones -- creating a vision of a near-future city where these intelligent machines begin to display increasing autonomy within civic society.
Jain is also Professor of Design at the University of Applied Arts in Vienna, where she is currently curating the "How Will We Work" show for the Vienna Biennale, and she is a TED Fellow. Her work has won awards at UNESCO, Apple Inc., Geneva Human Rights Film Festival, Innovate UK, and exhibited at MoMA New York, V&A London, National Museum of China, Vitra Design Museum and Tate Modern.
Anab Jain | Speaker | TED.com