Mission Blue Voyage
John Delaney: Wiring an interactive ocean
約翰·迪蘭尼：聯繫互動的海洋
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海洋學家約翰·迪蘭尼用高清晰攝像機和探測器建立了一個網絡，它能將海洋變為一個全球性的互動實驗室--裏面滿載海底世界的豐富數據。
John Delaney - Oceanographer
John Delaney leads the team that is building a cabled network of deep-ocean sensors that will study, over time and space, the way the ocean's complex processes interact. By networking the ocean to gather data, he's helping to revolutionize ocean science. Full bio
John Delaney leads the team that is building a cabled network of deep-ocean sensors that will study, over time and space, the way the ocean's complex processes interact. By networking the ocean to gather data, he's helping to revolutionize ocean science. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
For a moment, what I need to do
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現在我要做的是
00:18
is project something on the screen of your imagination.
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讓你們想像出這樣一個畫面
00:23
We're in 17th century Japan
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我們身處17世紀的日本
00:25
on the west coast,
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在西海岸
00:28
and a little, wizened monk
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一個矮小、枯瘦的和尚
00:31
is hurrying along, near midnight,
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在午夜匆忙地趕路
00:34
to the crest of a small hill.
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要到一座小山的山頂去
00:37
He arrives on the small hill,
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當他到達山上時
00:39
dripping with water.
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汗流浹背
00:41
He stands there,
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他矗立在那兒
00:43
and he looks across at the island, Sado.
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環視著佐渡島
00:46
And he scans across the ocean, and he looks at the sky.
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他四顧海面，仰望星空
00:51
Then he says to himself, very quietly,
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輕聲對自己說
00:55
"[Turbulent the sea,]
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“怒海涌銀河
00:58
[Stretching across to Sado]
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流來佐渡島”
01:01
[The Milky Way]."
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（荒海や 佐渡によこたふ 天の河）
01:04
Basho was a brilliant man.
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松尾芭蕉（日本著名的俳句師）是個偉大的人
01:08
He said more with less
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在我讀到過或看到過的文字中
01:10
than any human
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他能用最簡練的語言
01:12
that I have ever read or talked to.
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傳達出更多的東西
01:16
Basho, in 17 syllables,
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芭蕉用17個音節
01:19
juxtaposed
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列舉了
01:22
a turbulent ocean
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風暴剛止後的
01:24
driven by a storm now past,
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洶湧大海
01:28
and captured the almost
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並最大限度地把握了
01:31
impossible beauty
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我們銀河家園
01:34
of our home galaxy
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的美麗之處
01:37
with millions of stars,
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裏面點綴了無數繁星
01:41
probably hundreds and hundreds of -- who knows how many -- planets,
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還有成千上萬的-誰知道有多少呢-行星
01:44
maybe even an ocean
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可能還有一片海洋
01:46
that we will probably call Sylvia in time.
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在當時被稱為西利維亞（Sylvia）
01:52
As he was nearing his death,
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當他不久于人世的時候
01:55
his disciples and followers
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他的弟子和信徒
01:58
kept asking him,
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不停追問他：
02:00
"What's the secret?
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“您有什麽秘訣嗎？
02:02
How can you
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您有什麽能力才能
02:04
make haiku poems so beautiful so easily?"
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把俳句寫的如此簡單而又美麗？
02:09
And toward the end, he said,
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臨終前，他說：
02:14
"If you would know the pine tree,
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“欲知松
02:17
go to the pine tree."
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先問松”
02:20
That was it.
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僅此而已
02:22
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
02:25
Sylvia has said we must use
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西利維亞說
02:27
every capacity we have
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我們應該傾盡全力
02:30
in order to know the oceans.
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來瞭解海洋。
02:32
If we would know the oceans,
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如果我們想瞭解海洋，
02:34
we must go to the oceans.
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那我們必須走進海洋。
02:36
And what I'd like to talk to you today about, a little bit,
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今天想和大家聊的內容有部份是關於
02:39
is really transforming
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變革
02:42
the relationship, or the interplay,
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人類和海洋之間的關係
02:45
between humans and oceans
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或者說是相互作用
02:47
with a new capability
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用新的能力
02:50
that is not at all routine yet.
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還不是常規的技術來實現
02:52
I hope it will be.
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我希望這能成真
02:55
There are a few key points.
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這是一些關鍵點
02:57
One of them is the oceans are central
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其中一點是“海洋在
02:59
to the quality of life on earth.
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地球生物的生活質量中占中心地位
03:03
Another is that there are bold, new ways
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另一點是:用可靠又創新的方式
03:06
of studying oceans
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來研究海洋
03:08
that we have not used well yet.
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而之前我們未曾使用過
03:11
And the last is that these bold, new ways
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最後一點是：我們作為一個集體來
03:13
that we are exploring
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使用這些開拓性的新方法
03:15
as a community
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來探索海洋
03:17
will transform the way we look at our planet, our oceans,
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將會改變我們看待我們的行星、我們的海洋的方式
03:20
and eventually how we manage
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最終，無論如何
03:22
probably the entire planet, for what it's worth.
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還將影響我們管理整個星球的方式
03:27
So what scientists do when they begin
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科學家們首先
03:29
is to start with the system.
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從這個系統開始
03:31
They define what the system is.
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他們對它下了定義
03:33
The system isn't Chesapeake Bay.
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這個系統不是切薩皮克灣
03:35
It's not the Kuril arc. It's not even the entire Pacific.
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也不是Caro Arc，甚至也不是整個太平洋
03:38
It's the whole planet,
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它是整個行星
03:40
the entire planet, continents and oceans together.
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整個地球，包括陸地和海洋
03:43
That's the system.
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那就是這個系統
03:45
And basically, our challenge
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基本上，我们所面臨的挑戰
03:47
is to optimize the benefits
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在於如何優化利益
03:50
and mitigate the risks
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和減少住在一顆
03:52
of living on a planet that's driven by only two processes,
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只靠兩種產能方式驅動的星球上的風險
03:55
two sources of energy,
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這兩種能量
03:57
one of which is solar,
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一個是太陽
03:59
that drives the winds, the waves,
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它帶來了風、潮汐、
04:01
the clouds, the storms and photosynthesis.
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雲、風暴和光合作用
04:04
The second one is internal energy.
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另一種是內能
04:06
And these two war against one another
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這兩種能量互相抗衡
04:08
almost continuously.
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互相影響著
04:10
Mountain ranges, plate tectonics,
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山脈，大陸板塊
04:12
moves the continents around, forms ore deposits.
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移動了大洲，形成礦層
04:15
Volcanoes erupt.
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火山爆發
04:17
That's the planet that we live on.
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我們就生活在這樣一顆星球上
04:19
It's immensely complex.
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面臨極端複雜的環境
04:21
Now I don't expect all of you to see all the details here,
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現在，不用所有人都看到這張圖裡所有的細節
04:23
but what I want you to see is
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我想讓你們知道的是
04:25
this is about 10 percent
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這個過程中大概有10%
04:28
of the processes that operate within
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是發生在海洋裡
04:30
the oceans almost continuously,
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它們幾乎不間斷地
04:32
and have for the last 4 billion years.
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持續了40億年
04:35
This is a system that's been around a very long time.
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這個系統緣來已久
04:38
And these have all co-evolved.
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它們在進化中協同作用
04:40
What do I mean by that?
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什麼意思呢
04:42
They interact with one another constantly.
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它們彼此之間持續地相互作用
04:45
All of them interact with one another.
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每個部份都和其他部份互相作用
04:48
So the complexity of this system that we're looking at,
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所以我們研究的正是這個系統的複雜性
04:51
the one driven by the sun --
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太陽推動的
04:53
upper portion, mostly --
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上部比較大的能量
04:55
and the lower portion is partly driven
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以及下面部分較小那一部份能量
04:57
by the input from heat below
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由地下熱能
04:59
and by other processes.
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和其他產能方式驅動
05:01
This is very, very important
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這個非常、非常重要
05:03
because this is the system, this is the crucible,
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因為這顆星球上的生命就出自
05:05
out of which life on the planet came,
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這個系統，這個立方體
05:08
and it's now time for us to understand it.
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現在是我們理解它的時候
05:11
We must understand it.
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我們必須理解它
05:14
That's one of the themes that Sylvia reminds us about:
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這是西利維亞提醒我們的
05:16
understand this ocean of ours,
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理解我們的海洋
05:19
this basic life support system,
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這個基本的生命支持系統
05:22
the dominant life support system on the planet.
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地球上最重要的生命支持系統
05:26
Look at this complexity here.
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看看這幅複雜的圖
05:28
This is only one variable.
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這裡只有一個變量
05:30
If you can see the complexity,
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如果你看得出它有多複雜
05:32
you can see how
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如果你能看到這些
05:34
tiny, little eddies
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小潮汐
05:37
and large eddies and the motion --
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和大潮汐，還有它們的運動
05:39
this is just sea surface temperature,
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這僅是海洋的表面溫度
05:41
but it's immensely complicated.
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但已經非常複雜
05:43
Now a layer in,
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現在加上一層
05:45
the other two or three hundred processes
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其他兩百或三百種進程
05:47
that are all interacting,
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它們都互相作用著
05:49
partly as a function of temperature, partly as a function of all the other factors,
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一部份受到溫度的影響，一部份受到其他因素的影響
05:52
and you've got a really complicated system.
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你就知道這個系統有多複雜了
05:54
That's our challenge, is to understand,
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這也是我們理解的挑戰
05:57
understand this system in new and phenomenal ways.
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理解這個系統，以及它的非凡之處
06:00
And there's an urgency to this.
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現在這點可是當務之急
06:03
Part of the urgency comes from the fact
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緊急的原因之一是
06:05
that, of order, a billion people on the planet currently
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這個星球上有十億人
06:08
are undernourished or starving.
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缺乏營養或在飢餓中
06:11
And part of the issue
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這個問題有一部份
06:13
is for Cody --
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是因為科迪
06:16
who's here,
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他在現場
06:18
16 years old --
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16歲
06:20
and I have permission to relay this number.
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公開這個數字我是得到了許可的
06:23
When he, 40 years from now,
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過了40年後
06:26
is the age of Nancy Brown,
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當他和南希·布朗（攝影師）同齡時
06:28
there are going to be
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這個星球上將會增加
06:31
another two and a half billion people on the planet.
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另外25億人
06:35
We can't solve all the problems
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通過海洋，我們不能
06:38
by looking only at the oceans,
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解決所有問題
06:40
but if we don't understand
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但如果我們對
06:42
the fundamental life support system of this planet
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這個星球的基本生命支持系統
06:44
much more thoroughly than we do now,
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不能理解的更透徹的話
06:46
then the stresses that we will face,
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那我們將要面對的壓力
06:48
and that Cody will face,
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科迪將會面對的壓力
06:50
and even Nancy, who's going to live till she's 98,
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以及南希--她活到98歲時--面對的壓力
06:53
will have really problems coping.
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就很棘手了
06:58
All right, let's talk about another perspective
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好了，讓我們談談另一方面
07:00
on the importance of the oceans.
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海洋的重要性
07:03
Look at this diagram, which is showing
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看看這張圖樣，上面
07:06
warm waters in red,
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紅色表示暖水區
07:08
cool waters in blue,
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藍色表示冷水區
07:10
and on the continents, what you're seeing in bright green,
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在陸地區域，看見的亮綠色
07:13
is the growth of vegetation,
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表示植物的生長
07:15
and in olive green, the dieback of vegetation.
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深綠色，表示植物的頹敗
07:17
And in the lower left hand corner there's a clock ticking away
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左下角有一個時鐘在走動
07:20
from 1982 to 1998
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從1982年到1998年
07:22
and then cycling again.
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然後重頭開始
07:25
What you'll see is that the rhythms
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你們所看見的是節奏
07:27
of growth, of vegetation --
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植物--在陸地上的一個重要
07:30
a subset of which is food on the continents --
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食物來源--的生長
07:32
is directly tied to the rhythms
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和海洋表面溫度的節奏
07:34
of the sea surface temperatures.
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是直接聯繫在一起的
07:37
The oceans control,
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海洋控制
07:39
or at least significantly influence,
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或說是顯著的
07:42
correlate with,
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影響了
07:44
the growth patterns and the drought patterns
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陸地上植物的生長模式，旱季模式
07:46
and the rain patterns on the continents.
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以及雨季的模式
07:48
So people in Kansas, in a wheat field in Kansas,
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所以在肯薩斯州麥田裡的人們
07:51
need to understand that the oceans
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也必須理解海洋
07:53
are central to them as well.
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對他們來說至關重要
07:55
Another complexity: this is the age of the oceans.
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另一個很複雜的是：海洋的年齡
07:58
I'm going to layer in on top of this
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我要在上面放上一張
08:00
the tectonic plates.
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地殼板塊的圖
08:03
The age of the ocean, the tectonic plates,
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海洋的年齡，地殼板塊
08:06
gives rise to a totally new phenomenon
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顯示出一個全新的現象
08:08
that we have heard about
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在這個會議上
08:10
in this conference.
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我們也聽過了
08:12
And I share with you some very high-definition video
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我要和你們分享一段高清晰的視頻
08:15
that we collected in real time.
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是我們實時收集的
08:18
Seconds after this video was taken,
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這個視頻一拍出來
08:21
people in Beijing,
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在北京的人
08:23
people in Sydney, people in Amsterdam,
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在雪梨，在阿姆斯特丹的人
08:25
people in Washington D.C. were watching this.
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在華盛頓的人們都能看到
08:28
Now you've heard of hydrothermal vents,
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你們都知道溫泉
08:30
but the other discovery
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但是另一個發現
08:32
is that deep below the sea floor,
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是海底深處
08:35
there is vast reservoir of microbial activity,
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存在含大量微生物的水池
08:38
which we have only just discovered
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我們也是剛剛發現
08:40
and we have almost no way to study.
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還無從下手研究
08:43
Some people have estimated
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有人估計
08:45
that the biomass
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那些生活在
08:47
tied up in these microbes
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海底的瀑布和缝隙裡
08:49
living in the pours and the cracks
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的微生物
08:51
of the sea floor and below
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的生物量
08:54
rival the total amount of living biomass
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超過地球表面的
08:56
at the surface of the planet.
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所有生物量總量
08:58
It's an astonishing insight,
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這個見解相當驚人
09:00
and we have only found out about this recently.
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是我們不久前才剛剛發現的
09:02
This is very, very exciting.
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這非常、非常振奮人心
09:05
It may be the next rainforest,
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用製藥學的說法來比喻的話
09:08
in terms of pharmaceuticals.
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這就是下一個熱帶雨林
09:10
We know little or nothing about it.
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對此我們知之甚少，或者可說一無所知
09:14
Well, Marcel Proust has this wonderful saying
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馬塞爾·普魯斯特曾說過一句妙語
09:17
that, "The real voyage of discovery
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“真正的發現之旅
09:19
consists not so much in seeking new territory,
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不是發現新的世界
09:22
but possibly in having new sets of eyes,"
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而是擁有新的視野
09:25
new ways of seeing things,
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新的眼光
09:27
a new mindset.
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新的角度
09:29
And many of you remember
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很多人應該還記得
09:31
the early stages of oceanography,
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海洋學發展初期的情況
09:33
when we had to use what we had at our fingertips.
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我們所擁有的工具極其有限
09:36
And it wasn't easy. It wasn't easy in those days.
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那個時代非常艱難
09:39
Some of you remember this, I'm sure.
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我知道這里有人還歷歷在目，我很確定
09:44
And now, we have an entire suite of tools
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現在，我們有了一整套工具
09:47
that are really pretty powerful --
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它們非常好用--
09:49
ships, satellites, moorings.
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船隻，人造衛星，繫泊工具
09:53
But they don't quite cut it. They don't quite give us what we need.
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但它們的作用有限，并沒有給我們很多我們想要的東西
09:56
And the program that I wanted to talk to you about
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我這裡提到的只不過是
09:58
just a little bit here,
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已經投入資金研究的項目的冰山一角
10:00
was funded, and it involves autonomous vehicles
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包括無人駕駛交通工具
10:03
like the one running across the base of this image.
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就像畫面底部移動的這個
10:06
Modeling: on the right hand side,
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右邊是模型構建
10:09
there's a very complex computational model.
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這是一個複雜的計算機模型
10:12
On the left hand side, there's a new type of mooring,
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左邊是一個新型的繫泊工具
10:14
which I'll show you in just a second.
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過一會我會展示給你們看
10:16
And on the basis
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基於
10:18
of several points,
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這幾個要點
10:20
the oceans are complex, and they're central to the life on earth.
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海洋非常複雜，它們是地球生命的中心
10:23
They are changing rapidly, but not predictably.
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它們瞬息萬變，又不可預測
10:26
And the models that we need to predict the future
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我們用來進行預報的模型
10:28
do not have enough data to refine them.
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還沒有積累足夠的數據來完善
10:30
The computational power
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計算機的力量
10:32
is amazing.
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是驚人的
10:34
But without data, those models
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但沒有數據，這些模型
10:36
will never ever be predicted.
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也無法進行預測
10:38
And that's what we really need.
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這是我們真正需要的
10:40
For a variety of reasons they're dangerous,
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由於各種各樣的原因，它們很危險
10:42
but we feel that OOI,
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但我們認為OOI
10:44
this Ocean Observatory Initiative,
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海洋觀測站計劃（Ocean Observatory Initiative）
10:46
which the National Science Foundation
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它是由美國國家科學基金會
10:48
has begun to fund,
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主持開展的
10:50
has the potential to really transform things.
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它具有改變現狀的可能
10:52
And the goal of the program is to
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這個項目的目標在於
10:54
launch an era of scientific discovery
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打開一個
10:56
and understanding
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科學地探索、瞭解
10:58
across and within the ocean basins,
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海洋盆地和其中奧妙的新紀元
11:00
utilizing widely accessible,
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它充分利用
11:03
interactive telepresence.
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互動式遠程監控技術
11:06
It's a new world.
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這是一個嶄新的世界
11:08
We will be present throughout
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我們將能
11:10
the volume of the ocean, at will,
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任意呈現出海洋
11:13
communicating in real time.
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及實時進行交流
11:15
And this is what the system involves,
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這就是這個系統的內容
11:17
a number of sites in the southern hemisphere,
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這些圓圈劃出的是南半球
11:20
shown in those circles.
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的觀測點
11:22
And in the northern hemisphere there are four sites.
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在北半球共有4個觀測點
11:24
I won't talk a lot about most of them right here,
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關於這個我今天不會說得很多
11:27
but the one on the west coast, that's in the box,
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但是西海岸上被格子框起來的那個
11:29
is called the regional scale nodes.
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叫做區域範圍節點
11:32
It was once called Neptune.
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它曾經被命名為海王星
11:34
And let me show you what's behind it.
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我來展示一下它裏面有什麽
11:37
Fiber: next-generation way of communicating.
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光纖，新時代的傳輸方式
11:40
You can see the copper tips on these things.
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你可以看到上面的銅接線端
11:43
You can transmit power,
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你可以輸送能量
11:45
but the bandwidth is in those tiny, little threads
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但這樣的帶寬就存在于
11:48
smaller than the hair on your head in diameter.
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直徑比頭髮絲還小的細線中
11:51
And this particular set here
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這種特殊設計
11:54
can transmit something of the order of
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讓它能夠在每秒鐘內傳輸
11:56
three to five terabits per second.
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30-50兆的數據
11:59
This is phenomenal bandwidth.
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這樣的帶寬相當了不起
12:01
And this is what the planet looks like.
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這是我們的星球
12:03
We are already laced up
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我們已經被串在了一起
12:05
as if we're in a fiber optic corset, if you like.
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也可以說成我們都穿上了光纖織成的緊身衣
12:08
This is what it looks like.
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這就是它的樣子
12:10
And the cables go really continent to continent.
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光纜連接在大洲之間
12:13
It's a very powerful system,
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這個系統非常強大
12:15
and most of our communications consist of it.
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我們大多數聯繫方式都要依賴於它
12:17
So this is the system that I'm talking about,
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這就是我說的系統
12:19
off the west coast. It's coincident with the tectonic plate,
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在西海岸之外，和板塊構造的形狀是一致的
12:22
the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate.
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就是胡安·德富卡板塊
12:24
And it's going to deliver abundant power
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它傳輸了巨大的能量
12:26
and unprecedented bandwidth
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和空前的帶寬
12:28
across this entire volume --
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它跨越了整個海洋
12:30
in the overlying ocean,
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的空間
12:32
on the sea floor and below the sea floor.
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海床上和海床之下
12:34
Bandwidth and power
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帶寬和能量
12:36
and a wide variety of processes
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以及各種各樣的進程
12:38
that will be operating.
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都可以執行
12:40
This is what one of those primary nodes looks like,
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這是其中一個節點的樣子
12:42
and it's like a sub station with power and bandwidth
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看上去就像是一個處理能量和帶寬的變電站
12:45
that can spread out over an area the size of Seattle.
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傳輸的能量足夠供給西雅圖大小的地區
12:49
And the kind of science that can be done
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想做這種科研的話
12:51
will be determined by a variety of scientists who want to be involved
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需要有許多各個領域的科學家參與研究
12:54
and can bring the instrumentation to the table.
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這種設備才能被運用於實踐
12:57
They will bring it and link it in.
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他們將使它運行起來并連接到系統中
12:59
It'll be, in a sense, like having time on a telescope,
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這就像使用望遠鏡一樣
13:02
except you'll have your own port.
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不過你將擁有自己的觀測點
13:05
Climate change, ocean acidification,
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氣候變化，海洋酸化
13:07
dissolved oxygen,
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氧氣溶解
13:09
carbon cycle, coastal upwelling,
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碳循環，海域沿岸區涌升流
13:11
fishing dynamics --
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漁業動態--
13:13
the full spectrum of
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地球和海洋科學地
13:15
earth science and ocean science
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所有方面
13:17
simultaneously in the same volume.
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運行於同一時空中
13:19
So anyone coming along later
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任何後來加入的人
13:21
simply accesses the database
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都可以很容易的進入數據庫
13:24
and can draw down the information they need
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取得自己需要的信息
13:26
about anything that has taken place.
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只要是發生過的事都可以輕易瞭解
13:28
And this is just the first of these.
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這隻是第一步
13:31
In conjunction with our Canadian colleagues, we've set this up.
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和加拿大的學者一起，我們設計出了這個
13:34
Now I want to take you into the caldera.
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現在，我要帶你們去火山口
13:36
On the left hand side there
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左手邊
13:38
is a large volcano called Axial Seamount.
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有一個巨大的火山，名叫Axial海丘
13:41
And we're going to go down into the Axial Seamount
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我們要進到Axial海丘里去
13:43
using animation.
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以動畫的形式
13:45
Here's what this system is going to look like
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這個系統將會是這個樣子
13:47
that we are funded to build at this point.
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我們準備在這裡投資建造
13:50
Very powerful.
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非常強大
13:52
That's an elevator that's constantly moving up and down,
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這個電梯不斷地上上下下
13:54
but it can be controlled by the folks on land
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但它能從地面上控制
13:57
who are responsible for it.
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由地面上的工作人員進行控制
13:59
Or they can transfer control
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他們也能將控制權轉移給
14:01
to someone in India or China
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身在印度或者中國的人
14:03
who can take over for a while,
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他們可以暫時進行控制
14:05
because it's all going to be directly connected
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因為它是直接連接到
14:07
through the Internet.
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網路上的
14:09
There will be massive amounts of data flowing ashore,
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大量的數據流將會源源不絕地湧出
14:12
all available to anyone who has any interest in using it.
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所有有興趣的人都能使用它們
14:15
This is going to be much more powerful
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這樣將比一艘單獨的船
14:17
than having a single ship
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從一個地方移動到
14:19
in a single location,
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另一個地方
14:21
then move to a new location.
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的方式強力多了
14:23
We're flying across the caldera floor.
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我們掠過火山口的底部
14:27
There is a number of robotic systems.
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這裡有很多機械系統
14:29
There's cameras that can be turned on and off at your will,
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有些攝影機你可以隨意開關
14:32
if those are your experiments.
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如果這是你在做的實驗的話
14:34
The kinds of systems that will be down there,
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它將會設置在那裡的系統
14:36
the kinds of instruments that will be on the sea floor,
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將會安置在海床上的設備
14:39
consist of -- if you can read them there --
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組成部件有--如果你看得出
14:41
there's cameras, there's pressure sensors,
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有攝影機，壓力探測器
14:43
fluorometers, there's seismometers.
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透視定位器，地震檢波器
14:45
It's a full spectrum of tools.
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工具非常完備
14:47
Now, that mound right there
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而那邊拱起來的地方
14:49
actually looks like this.
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實際上看起來是這個樣子的
14:51
This is what it actually looks like.
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這是它真實的樣子
14:54
And this is the kind of activity
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像這種活動
14:56
that we can see with high-definition video,
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我們可以用高清視頻看到
14:58
because the bandwidth of these cables
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因為光纜的帶寬
15:01
is so huge
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非常之大
15:03
that we could have five to 10
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可以支持5到10臺
15:05
stereo HD systems
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立體聲高清系統
15:07
running continuously
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持續工作
15:09
and, again, directed through robotic techniques from land.
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這也是通過機械技術從陸地上進行操作的
15:14
Very, very powerful.
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非常、非常強大
15:17
And these are the things that we're funded to do today.
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這些事實我們今天正在做的
15:19
So what can we actually do tomorrow?
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那明天我們又要做些什麽呢
15:21
We're about to ride the wave
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我們要如何利用
15:23
of technological opportunity.
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技術化大潮提供的機會呢
15:26
There are emerging technologies throughout
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在海洋學周邊的領域都
15:29
the field around oceanography,
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湧現出各種技術
15:31
which we will incorporate into oceanography,
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我們將把它們融合到海洋學中
15:33
and through that convergence,
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通過這種融合
15:35
we will transform oceanography into something even more magical.
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我們可以使海洋學變得更奇妙
15:39
Robotics systems are just incredible these days,
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機械系統現在讓人難以置信
15:42
absolutely incredible.
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真是難以置信
15:44
And we will be bringing robotics of all sorts
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我們將要將機器人技術全面
15:46
into the ocean.
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引入海洋
15:49
Nanotechnology: this is a small generator.
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納米科技：這是一個小小的發電器
15:51
It's smaller than a postage stamp,
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比郵票還小
15:53
and it can generate power just by being
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只要別在T恤上
15:55
attached to your shirt as you move.
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別在T恤上
15:57
Just as you move, it generates power.
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隨著你的移動，就能發電
16:00
There are many kinds of things that can be used in the ocean, continuously.
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海裡有很多東西都能持續使用
16:05
Imaging: Many of you know a good deal more about this type of thing than I,
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攝影機：這裡的很多人都比我更瞭解這種東西
16:08
but stereo imaging at four times the definition
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但立體攝影的清晰度比目前的高清攝像
16:11
that we have in HD
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要高四倍
16:13
will be routine within five years.
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它們在五年里就會成為主流
16:15
And this is the magic one.
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這個東西則很神奇
16:17
As a result of the human genome process,
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通過這個人類基因組分析的結果
16:19
we are in a situation where
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使我們能夠將
16:21
events that take place in the ocean --
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發生在海裡的事情--
16:24
like an erupting volcano, or something of that sort --
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比如火山噴發之類的--
16:26
can actually be sampled.
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確實採樣下來
16:28
We pump the fluid through one of these systems,
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我們用系統的一部份將液體抽上來
16:31
and we press the button,
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然後按下按鍵
16:33
and it's analyzed for the genomic character.
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它就能分析基因組特徵
16:35
And that's transmitted back to land immediately.
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並馬上將結果傳回陸地上
16:38
So in the volume of the ocean,
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所有在海洋這個總體
16:40
we will know, not just the physics and the chemistry,
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不只是物理學上或者化學上
16:43
but the base of the food chain
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甚至食物鏈的最基礎情況
16:45
will be transparent to us
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通過這些源源不絕的數據
16:47
with data on a continuous basis.
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對我們來說都能清晰化
16:50
Grid computing: the power of grid computers
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網格計算：網格計算機的力量
16:52
is going to be just amazing here.
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在這裡是驚人的
16:54
We will soon be using grid computing
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我們很快就會將網格計算
16:56
to do pretty much everything, like adjust the data
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運用在所有事情上，比如調整數據
16:59
and everything
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和與數據有關的
17:01
that goes with the data.
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任何事情
17:03
The power generation will come from the ocean itself.
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供給的電能則來自於海洋自己
17:06
And the next generation fiber
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在下一個時代，光纖
17:08
will be simply magic.
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將變得奇妙無比
17:10
It's far beyond what we currently have.
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那將比我們目前所有的要強得多
17:13
So the presence of the power
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目前環境下的
17:15
and the bandwidth in the environment
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能源和帶寬
17:17
will allow all of these new technologies
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可以讓所有的新技術
17:19
to converge in a manner that is just unprecedented.
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以一種前所未有的方式整合起來
17:22
So within five to seven years,
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在5-7年內
17:24
I see us having
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我可以預見我們
17:26
a capacity to be completely present
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將有能力監控
17:28
throughout the ocean
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整個海洋
17:30
and have all of that connected to the Internet,
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並將所有內容都連上網路
17:32
so we can reach many, many folks.
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我們可以聯繫很多、很多同伴
17:35
Delivering the power and the bandwidth into the ocean
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傳入海中的能量和帶寬
17:38
will dramatically accelerate adaptation.
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將會大幅度的上漲
17:41
Here's an example.
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這裡有個例子
17:43
When earthquakes take place, massive amounts
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發生地震時，不可計數的
17:45
of these new microbes we've never seen before
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我們從未見過的微生物
17:47
come out of the sea floor.
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來到海面上
17:49
We have a way of addressing that,
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我們有個方法給它們定位
17:51
a new way of addressing that.
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一個新的方法
17:54
We've determined from the earthquake activity that you're seeing here
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就像你看到的，我們從地震活動
17:57
that the top of that volcano is erupting,
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確定火山噴發的位置
18:00
so we deploy the troops.
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然後派出部隊
18:02
What are the troops? The troops are the autonomous vehicles, of course.
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什麽部隊？當然是無人駕駛工具了
18:05
And they fly into the erupting volcano.
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它們飛入噴發的火山
18:08
They sample the fluids coming out of the sea floor
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對噴發時
18:10
during an eruption,
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海床滲出的液體進行採樣
18:12
which have the microbes that have never been
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當時那些微生物還沒到過
18:14
to the surface of the planet before.
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這個星球的表面
18:16
They eject it to the surface where it floats,
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它們將微生物彈射到海面，漂浮在那裡
18:18
and it is picked up
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然後被無人駕駛飛機
18:20
by an autonomous airplane,
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搜集起來
18:23
and it's brought back to the laboratory
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並在火山噴發的24小時內
18:26
within 24 hours of the eruption.
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就帶回實驗室
18:28
This is doable. All the pieces are there.
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這完全可行。所有的步驟很清晰
18:34
A laboratory: many of you heard what happened
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實驗室：你們中有很多人應該聽說過
18:36
on 9/7.
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9/7發生的事情
18:38
Some doctors in New York City removed
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一些紐約醫生從一個在法國的女人的
18:40
the gallbladder of a woman in France.
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身體裡上取出了膽囊
18:44
We could do work on the sea floor that would be stunning,
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我們在海底的作業時讓人瞠目結舌的
18:46
and it would be on live TV,
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如果有什麽趣事發生
18:48
if we have interesting things to show.
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它會出現在電視轉播上
18:51
So we can bring an entirely new telepresence
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通過海洋，我們將一個嶄新的遠程呈現
18:54
to the world, throughout the ocean.
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展示給了全世界
18:57
This -- I've shown you sea floor --
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這個--我之前給你們看過海底
18:59
but so the goal here is real time interaction
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但目標其實是要在實時和
19:01
with the oceans from anywhere on earth.
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地球上的任何一片海洋互動
19:06
It's going to be amazing.
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這將會很了不起
19:09
And as I go here,
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我到這裡來
19:11
I just want to show you what we can bring into classrooms,
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是想展示我們能把什麽內容帶到課堂上來
19:14
and indeed, what we can bring into your pocket.
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事實上，我們也能將它放到你的口袋裡
19:20
Many of you don't think of this yet,
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你們很多人還沒有想到這些
19:22
but the ocean will be in your pocket.
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但海洋將會被裝進口袋
19:24
It won't be long. It won't be long.
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這不會很久了，不會很久了
19:28
So let me leave you then
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你們若不介意，讓我留給你們
19:31
with a few words
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一些句子
19:33
from another poet, if you'll forgive me.
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來自另一個詩人
19:39
In 1943,
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1943年
19:41
T.S. Eliot wrote the "Four Quartets."
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T·S·艾略特寫了四個四重奏
19:43
He won the Nobel Prize for literature
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他在1948年獲得了
19:45
in 1948.
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諾貝爾文學獎
19:48
In "Little Gidding" he says --
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在“小吉丁”一章，他說--
19:50
speaking I think for the human race,
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我想起這段話是因為人類
19:52
but certainly for the TED Conference and Sylvia --
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當然也是爲了TED和西維利亞
19:56
"We shall not cease from exploration,
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“我們將不停止探索
19:59
and the end of all our exploring
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而我們一切探索的終點
20:01
will be to arrive where we started
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將是到達我們出發的地方
20:03
and know the place for the first time,
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將是達到我們出發的地方
20:06
arrive through the unknown remembered gate
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當時間的終極優待我們去發現
20:09
where the last of earth left to discover
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穿過那未認識的，憶起的大門
20:12
is that which was the beginning.
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就是過去曾經是我們的起點
20:15
At the source of the longest river
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在最漫長的大河的源頭
20:18
the voice of a hidden waterfall
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有深藏的瀑布的飛湍聲
20:21
not known because not looked for,
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這些你都不知道，因為你並沒有去尋找
20:25
but heard, half heard
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而只是聽到，隱約聽到
20:29
in the stillness beneath the waves of the sea."
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在大海兩次潮汐之間的寂靜裡”
20:33
Thank you.
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謝謝
20:35
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
John Delaney - OceanographerJohn Delaney leads the team that is building a cabled network of deep-ocean sensors that will study, over time and space, the way the ocean's complex processes interact. By networking the ocean to gather data, he's helping to revolutionize ocean science.
Why you should listen
John Delaney studies the physical, chemical and biological interactions found in the mid-ocean ridge system, specifically on the deep-sea volcanoes along the Juan de Fuca Ridge in the northeast Pacific Ocean. It's a complex, changeable world (that's also quite hard to get to). As part of the NSF's Ocean Observatories Initiative, Delaney is spearheading a bold new plan to gather unprecedented amounts of oceanic data.
Starting this year, Delaney and his team at the University of Washington are implanting robotic sensor arrays along the Juan de Fuca Ridge and other ocean sites, on the ocean floor and throughout the water column, all linked to the Internet via submarine electro-optical cables. The system will document and measure once-inaccessible phenomena such as erupting volcanoes, migration patterns, submarine slumps, undersea earthquakes and storms -- and it will feed that data into ever-richer computer models of ocean behavior.
John Delaney | Speaker | TED.com