Rachel Wurzman: How isolation fuels opioid addiction
Rachel Wurzman: Cómo el aislamiento estimula la adicción a los opioides
Through her nonprofit SeekHealing, Rachel Wurzman aims to reduce opioid overdose rates by building communities that are inherently resilient to addiction. Full bio
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from the time I was about seven,
desde que tenía siete años,
with Tourette syndrome.
síndrome de Tourette.
I perform against my will, called tics.
repetitivos involuntarios llamados tics.
without any conscious attention
about how I experience tics.
de cómo experimento los tics.
than involuntary,
que involuntarios,
moving my shoulder,
la que mueve el hombro
called premonitory urge,
llamada impulso premonitorio
when I'm trying to resist them.
intento resistirlos.
understand what I'm saying,
entienden lo que les digo,
you probably think you can't relate.
pensarán que no pueden identificarse.
and see if I can give you
y veamos si puedo darles
what my tics feels like.
neurologically speaking, are not the same,
pestañear no son lo mismo.
don't have to have Tourette's
que tener el síndrome de Tourette
of my premonitory urges,
con mis impulsos premonitorios,
similar experiences and feelings.
experiencias y sentimientos similares.
what it means to be normal versus sick
ser normal versus estar enfermo
are both normal and sick.
somos normales y estamos enfermos.
we're all humans
todos somos humanos
for a spectrum of experiences.
un espectro de experiencias.
of human experiences
de experiencias humanas
of different states.
de diferentes estados.
of a spectrum of normal?
de un espectro de lo normal?
differences in how individuals' brains
las diferencias en cómo los cerebros
with other related diagnoses,
y otros diagnósticos,
by failures of self-regulation
las fallas en la autorregulación
behavioral spectrums.
impulsivas y compulsivas.
experience of my own body
con mi cuerpo
on the opioid crisis,
en la crisis de opioides,
wondering lately:
of unvoluntary behavior
de conductas involuntarias
opioid painkillers or heroin?
de analgésicos o de heroína?
and epidemic is out of control.
y epidemias están fuera de control.
in this country from overdose.
en este país por sobredosis.
increased by a factor of six.
aumentó en un factor de seis.
that we treat addiction isn't working,
la adicción no está dando resultado,
suffering from addiction
que sufren de adicción
around drugs, alcohol, food
con las drogas, el alcohol, la comida
stimulating behaviors.
el sistema de recompensa.
disease state
con base en el cerebro,
con la enfermedad,
of disease when it comes to addiction --
cuando se trata de una adicción,
for how we treat people with addictions.
tratamos a las personas con adicciones.
everything we do as entirely voluntary.
es enteramente voluntario.
that the brain's default state
del cerebro por defecto
idling in drive than a car in park.
en espera que a uno estacionado.
que decidimos hacer
have become programmed to do
para las que estamos programados
was running on autopilot?
tener el cerebro en piloto automático?
is in a structure called the striatum.
en una estructura llamada cuerpo estriado.
emotional and sensory motor conditions
emocionales y motores sensoriales
whatever behavior you have done most often
me volví una neurocientífica?
what made me tick.
in front of an audience for years.
frente a una audiencia por años.
I studied genetic factors
estudié factores genéticos
to the striatum during development.
al cuerpo estriado durante el desarrollo.
with their thesis topic printed on it,
usen su tesis como placa de carro,
for their experiments not to work
para que sus experimentos
how miswiring in the striatum
de cableado en el cuerpo estriado
you can't consciously resist.
generadas por impulsos incómodos.
when my mice developed
mis ratones desarrollaron
and they couldn't seem to stop,
y parecía que no podían parar,
la palabra adecuada,
evidence of striatal miswiring.
en el cableado del estriado.
an aversion to interacting
una aversión a interactuar
que el cuerpo estriado,
in compulsive-spectrum disorders,
los trastornos del espectro compulsivo,
social connection and our ability to --
relaciones sociales humanas,
but our ability to connect.
para relacionarnos.
interdisciplinary field,
that linked the striatum
que unían el cuerpo estriado
neurochemistry in the striatum
en el cuerpo estriado
you've probably already heard of.
que probablemente ya han oído:
cuddling feel all warm and fuzzy.
los abrazos se sientan cálidos y cómodos.
signaling at opioid receptors.
señales a los receptores opioides.
opioids in your brain
que ocurren naturalmente
to social processes.
vinculados a los procesos sociales.
which blocks opioid receptors,
que bloquea los receptores opioides,
this opioid-receptor signaling is
la señalización de los receptores opioides
it's an ingredient in Narcan,
ingrediente en Narcan,
to save lives.
de opioides para salvar vidas.
a personas sanas,
with their ability to feel connected
para sentirse conectados
and cared about.
y que les importaban.
opioid-receptor binding
los receptores y los opioides
the rewards of social interaction.
los beneficios de la interacción social.
of some of the scientific details,
ciertos detalles científicos,
through opioid receptors,
a través de los receptores opioides,
neurotransmission
una neurotransmisión anormal
and compulsive behaviors
y conductas compulsivas
and opioid signaling in it
y la señalización de opioides en él
relacionados con la soledad.
at opioid receptors,
no tienen suficiente señal,
we care about and love, who love us.
de gente que queremos y que nos quiere.
at the University of Chicago,
Dr. Cacioppo en la Universidad de Chicago,
is very dangerous.
la soledad es muy peligrosa.
of physical and mental illnesses.
de enfermedades físicas y mentales.
when you're at your hungriest,
cuando están muy hambrientos,
tastes amazing, right?
creates a hunger in the brain
our reward system.
nuestro sistema de recompensa.
acts through receptors
a través de receptores
and other social neurotransmitters
y otros neurotransmisores sociales
that signal reward and pleasure
indiquen recompensas y placer
una gran insatisfacción.
irritable and impulsive.
y nos volvemos impulsivos.
to keep the bowl of Halloween chocolate
los chocolates de Halloween
because I will eat it all.
porque me los comeré todos.
that makes social disconnection
hace que la desconexión social
de conectar socialmente,
to connect socially,
neurochemistry to be rebalanced,
nuestra neuroquímica social
is opioid painkillers or heroin,
for our social reward system.
nuestro sistema de recompensa social.
are becoming addicted so easily?
la gente se vuelva adicta tan fácilmente?
who tend to avoid relapse
las personas que evitan las recaídas
reciprocal social relationships
amplias y recíprocas
of service to each other,
el uno al otro,
conectar a las personas.
to authentically connect,
de conectarnos auténticamente,
this ability to authentically connect
carece más de esta habilidad
are transcendent and beyond ourselves.
trascendentales y que nos superan.
to our families and our communities.
en nuestras familias y comunidades.
están cambiando en todas partes.
is making this harder and harder.
hacen que esto sea cada vez más difícil.
most economically hard hit,
con mayor dificultad económica,
sobre el significado de su vida,
about their life's meaning,
most ravaged by opioids.
han sido afectadas por los opioides.
del sistema de recompensa del cerebro
through the brain's reward system
literally painful.
sea realmente dolorosa.
this loneliness,
to connect with whatever we can.
a conectar con lo que sea que podamos.
to drugs like heroin and fentanyl.
como la heroína y el fentanilo.
who was revived by Narcan,
y que fue revivida con Narcan,
that she wasn't simply allowed to die.
no la dejaban simplemente morir.
that state of hopelessness, OK?
ese estado de desesperanza.
también es una fuente de esperanza.
of how to bring people back.
de cómo traer de vuelta a las personas.
is our autopilot,
es nuestro piloto automático,
to reprogram that autopilot,
reprogramar ese piloto automático,
is the ability of brains
es la habilidad de los cerebros
podamos aprender cosas nuevas.
so we can learn new things.
adage of plasticity:
adagio de la plasticidad:
refuerzan la sinapsis.
connective behaviors
conductas de conexión social
when we're lonely,
cuando estamos solos,
a recordar nuestra droga.
repeated experiences
de experiencias repetidas
that necessary neuroplasticity
consiga la neuroplasticidad necesaria
that "go find heroin" autopilot offline.
automático del "ve a buscar heroína".
of social neuroscience, addiction
social, la adicción y
en el cuerpo estriado sugieren que
in the striatum suggests
responses to compulsive urges.
respuestas a los impulsos compulsivos.
inducidas por drogas con impulsos sociales
to replace drug-cued compulsive behaviors,
neurochemically, our social reward system.
de recompensa social neuroquímicamente.
in a state of craving.
we repeatedly practice doing.
repetidamente además de nuestra droga.
to the opioid crisis
a la crisis de opioides
and psychospiritual interventions
sociales y psicoespirituales
en circuitos
and drug-induced rewards.
sociales e inducidas por drogas.
and study scalable tools
herramientas escalables
psychospiritual practices.
could involve anything
comprenden
as megafans of touring jam bands,
grandes fanáticos de una banda,
shared experiences of vulnerability
experiencias de vulnerabilidad
like recovery yoga meetups,
como encuentros de yoga recuperativo
around more traditional conceptions
en concepciones más tradicionales
systems in the striatum
en el cuerpo estriado
in processing social connection.
procesar la conexión social.
deep enough for this.
no ayudan lo suficiente.
encourage us to share,
no nos estimulan a compartir,
superficial small talk with someone
tener una conversación superficial
conversation with eye contact.
con contacto visual.
that it keeps us sick.
que nos mantiene enfermos.
for addicts to connect with other addicts.
los adictos conecten con otros adictos.
reestablishing social connections
que buscan restablecer la conexión social
of people who are seeking recovery
que buscan recuperarse
de enfermedades mentales.
around what's broken,
a través de algo que está roto,
from the compulsive self-destruction
la autodestrucción compulsiva
to the pain of disconnection.
al dolor de la desconexión.
illnesses as a spectrum of phenomenon
como un espectro de fenómenos
who struggle with self-destruction.
que luchan con la autodestrucción.
and caregivers.
to be normal versus sick
ser normal versus estar enfermo
of the human condition.
where we can all connect
donde todos podemos conectarnos
for all of our struggles with humanness.
todas nuestras luchas humanas.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rachel Wurzman - NeuroscientistThrough her nonprofit SeekHealing, Rachel Wurzman aims to reduce opioid overdose rates by building communities that are inherently resilient to addiction.
Why you should listen
A neuroscientist and neuroethicist by training, Rachel Wurzman is passionate about two-way communication between the neuroscientific community and lay public that inspires transformative change in how human beings connect with each other, with technology and with institutions like medicine and government. She has authored more than 20 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters in the fields of neuroscience, neuroethics and policy, including Wiley's number one most frequently downloaded article out of over 20 neurology journals in 2016.
Wurzman serves as director of science for the nonprofit, SeekHealing, which implements creative ways to connect people intentionally and authentically in order to build communities that are inherently resilient to addiction. SeekHealing serves people at risk for overdose and provides free, connection-oriented support services to anyone at any stage in the addiction healing process.
Wurzman believes that an appreciation for how brain systems filter the various spectrums of human experience can be used to transform how society responds to current crises, ranging from the opioid epidemic to political hyperpolarization. In addition to studying the effects of SeekHealing's programs in opioid-ravaged lives and communities, Wurzman's ongoing research in neuroethics also addresses the implications of a biopsychosocial and "systems-oriented" perspective on neuropsychiatric spectrum phenomena (such as addiction) for research, treatment and social policy. Her advice and insights into neurocognition have been utilized to inform policy in past positions as a neuroscience and neuroethics advisor to the Pentagon, an intern in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy under the Obama administration, and through her involvement with the International Neuroethics Society. Wurzman completed her doctoral and postdoctoral training at Georgetown University and the University of Pennsylvania, respectively.
Rachel Wurzman | Speaker | TED.com