Rachel Wurzman: How isolation fuels opioid addiction
Rachel Wurzman: Como o isolamento alimenta o vício em opioides
Through her nonprofit SeekHealing, Rachel Wurzman aims to reduce opioid overdose rates by building communities that are inherently resilient to addiction. Full bio
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from the time I was about seven,
que tinha cerca de sete anos,
with Tourette syndrome.
com síndrome de Tourette,
I perform against my will, called tics.
feitos contra a vontade, chamados tiques.
without any conscious attention
sem qualquer atenção consciente
about how I experience tics.
sobre como vivencio os tiques.
than involuntary,
do que involuntários,
moving my shoulder,
eu movendo meu ombro,
called premonitory urge,
chamada urgência premonitória,
when I'm trying to resist them.
entende o que estou dizendo,
understand what I'm saying,
you probably think you can't relate.
achem que não conseguem sentir isso.
and see if I can give you
experimento e ver se posso dar
what my tics feels like.
neurologically speaking, are not the same,
os tiques e piscar não são a mesma coisa,
don't have to have Tourette's
of my premonitory urges,
experiência das urgências premonitórias,
similar experiences and feelings.
experiências e sentimentos semelhantes.
what it means to be normal versus sick
do que significa ser normal versus doente
are both normal and sick.
de nós ser normal e doente.
we're all humans
somos todos humanos
for a spectrum of experiences.
um espectro de experiências.
of human experiences
de experiências humanas
of different states.
de estados diferentes.
of a spectrum of normal?
no extremo de um espectro normal?
differences in how individuals' brains
no modo como o cérebro dos indivíduos
with other related diagnoses,
com outros diagnósticos relacionados,
by failures of self-regulation
behavioral spectrums.
impulsivos e compulsivos.
experience of my own body
experiência do meu corpo
existem em todo esse mapa.
on the opioid crisis,
wondering lately:
of unvoluntary behavior
do comportamento involuntário
opioid painkillers or heroin?
de analgésicos opioides ou heroína?"
and epidemic is out of control.
de opioides estão fora de controle.
in this country from overdose.
todos os dias nos EUA por overdose.
increased by a factor of six.
aumentou em um fator de seis.
that we treat addiction isn't working,
o vício não está funcionando,
suffering from addiction
que sofrem de dependência
around drugs, alcohol, food
em torno de drogas, álcool, comida
stimulating behaviors.
do sistema de recompensas.
disease state
de doença baseado no cérebro
of disease when it comes to addiction --
de doença quando se trata de vício,
for how we treat people with addictions.
como tratamos as pessoas com vícios.
everything we do as entirely voluntary.
que fazemos como totalmente voluntário.
that the brain's default state
idling in drive than a car in park.
em marcha lenta do que estacionado.
have become programmed to do
tornamos programados para fazer
was running on autopilot?
estava funcionando no piloto automático?
is in a structure called the striatum.
numa estrutura chamada corpo estriado.
emotional and sensory motor conditions
motoras emocionais e sensoriais
whatever behavior you have done most often
que tenhamos tido com mais frequência
what made me tick.
in front of an audience for years.
na frente de uma plateia há anos.
I studied genetic factors
estudei fatores genéticos
to the striatum during development.
durante o desenvolvimento.
a nenhum estudante de doutorado
with their thesis topic printed on it,
a não ser que ele esteja pronto
for their experiments not to work
fracassem nos dois anos seguintes.
how miswiring in the striatum
o quanto a má ligação do corpo estriado
you can't consciously resist.
conseguimos resistir conscientemente.
when my mice developed
quando meus ratos desenvolveram
and they couldn't seem to stop,
e pareciam não poder parar,
evidence of striatal miswiring.
evidência da má ligação do corpo estriado.
an aversion to interacting
que o corpo estriado
do espectro compulsivo,
in compulsive-spectrum disorders,
social connection and our ability to --
but our ability to connect.
interdisciplinary field,
that linked the striatum
que ligavam o corpo estriado
neurochemistry in the striatum
you've probably already heard of.
provavelmente já ouviram falar.
cuddling feel all warm and fuzzy.
toda acolhedora e indistinta.
signaling at opioid receptors.
nos receptores opioides.
opioids in your brain
naturalmente no cérebro,
to social processes.
aos processos sociais.
which blocks opioid receptors,
que bloqueia os receptores opioides,
this opioid-receptor signaling is
esta sinalização de receptor opioide
it's an ingredient in Narcan,
to save lives.
de opioides para salvar vidas.
with their ability to feel connected
de se sentirem conectadas
and cared about.
opioid-receptor binding
com o receptor opioide
the rewards of social interaction.
as recompensas da interação social.
of some of the scientific details,
through opioid receptors,
através de receptores opioides,
neurotransmission
and compulsive behaviors
e comportamentos compulsivos;
and opioid signaling in it
e o opioide sinalizando nele
at opioid receptors,
nos receptores de opioides,
we care about and love, who love us.
pessoas com quem nos importamos e amamos.
at the University of Chicago,
Dr. Cacioppo, da Universidade de Chicago,
is very dangerous.
of physical and mental illnesses.
de doenças físicas e mentais.
when you're at your hungriest,
tastes amazing, right?
tem um gosto incrível, certo?
creates a hunger in the brain
a solidão cria uma fome no cérebro
our reward system.
nosso sistema de recompensa.
acts through receptors
por meio de receptores
and other social neurotransmitters
e outros neurotransmissores sociais
that signal reward and pleasure
que sinalizam recompensa e prazer
irritable and impulsive.
irritáveis e impulsivos.
to keep the bowl of Halloween chocolate
os chocolates do Halloween
senão vou comer tudo.
because I will eat it all.
a desconexão social tão perigosa.
that makes social disconnection
to connect socially,
nos conectar socialmente,
neurochemistry to be rebalanced,
neuroquímica social seja reequilibrada,
alívio em qualquer lugar.
is opioid painkillers or heroin,
opioides ou heroína,
for our social reward system.
para o nosso sistema de recompensa social.
are becoming addicted so easily?
estejam se viciando tão facilmente?
who tend to avoid relapse
que tendem a evitar a recaída
reciprocal social relationships
relações sociais amplas e recíprocas,
of service to each other,
que podem ser úteis.
to authentically connect,
de nos conectar autenticamente...
this ability to authentically connect
essa capacidade de conexão autêntica
are transcendent and beyond ourselves.
transcendentes e além de nós mesmos.
to our families and our communities.
às nossas famílias e comunidades.
as comunidades estão mudando.
is making this harder and harder.
está tornando isso cada vez mais difícil.
most economically hard hit,
mais atingidas economicamente,
about their life's meaning,
sobre o significado da vida,
most ravaged by opioids.
mais assoladas pelos opioides.
through the brain's reward system
do sistema de recompensa do cérebro
literally painful.
literalmente dolorosa.
this loneliness,
to connect with whatever we can.
a nos conectar com o que podemos.
to drugs like heroin and fentanyl.
drogas como heroína e Fentanil.
who was revived by Narcan,
que foi revivida por Narcan,
that she wasn't simply allowed to die.
por simplesmente não poder morrer.
that state of hopelessness, OK?
como é esse estado de desespero.
uma fonte de esperança,
of how to bring people back.
de como trazer as pessoas de volta.
is our autopilot,
é nosso piloto automático,
to reprogram that autopilot,
mas isso envolve neuroplasticidade.
is the ability of brains
é a capacidade do cérebro
so we can learn new things.
para aprendermos coisas novas.
adage of plasticity:
o ditado clássico da plasticidade:
connective behaviors
comportamentos sociais conectivos
when we're lonely,
quando estamos sozinhos,
a lembrar da nossa droga.
repeated experiences
experiências repetidas
that necessary neuroplasticity
a neuroplasticidade necessária,
that "go find heroin" autopilot offline.
o piloto automático do "ache heroína".
of social neuroscience, addiction
do espectro compulsivo
in the striatum suggests
saudáveis ao impulso compulsivo.
responses to compulsive urges.
to replace drug-cued compulsive behaviors,
substituir compulsões baseadas em drogas,
neurochemically, our social reward system.
nosso sistema de recompensa social.
in a state of craving.
we repeatedly practice doing.
repetidamente além da nossa droga.
to the opioid crisis
para a crise opioide
and psychospiritual interventions
sociais e psicoespirituais
and drug-induced rewards.
sociais e induzidas por drogas.
and study scalable tools
e estudar ferramentas escaláveis
psicoespirituais.
psychospiritual practices.
poderiam envolver qualquer coisa,
could involve anything
as megafans of touring jam bands,
como fãs de turnês de bandas,
shared experiences of vulnerability
compartilhadas de vulnerabilidade
like recovery yoga meetups,
como encontros de ioga de recuperação
around more traditional conceptions
em concepções mais tradicionais
systems in the striatum
neurotransmissores no corpo estriado
in processing social connection.
da conexão social.
deep enough for this.
encourage us to share,
muito a compartilhar,
superficial small talk with someone
fútil e superficial com alguém
conversation with eye contact.
conectada com contato visual.
that it keeps us sick.
de que ele nos deixa doentes.
for addicts to connect with other addicts.
um viciado se conectar com outro viciado.
reestablishing social connections
em estabelecer conexões sociais
of people who are seeking recovery
de pessoas que buscam recuperação
around what's broken,
com o que está quebrado,
from the compulsive self-destruction
to the pain of disconnection.
illnesses as a spectrum of phenomenon
como um espectro de fenômenos
who struggle with self-destruction.
que lutam contra a autodestruição.
and caregivers.
to be normal versus sick
ser normal versus doente
of the human condition.
where we can all connect
for all of our struggles with humanness.
para todas as nossas lutas humanas.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rachel Wurzman - NeuroscientistThrough her nonprofit SeekHealing, Rachel Wurzman aims to reduce opioid overdose rates by building communities that are inherently resilient to addiction.
Why you should listen
A neuroscientist and neuroethicist by training, Rachel Wurzman is passionate about two-way communication between the neuroscientific community and lay public that inspires transformative change in how human beings connect with each other, with technology and with institutions like medicine and government. She has authored more than 20 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters in the fields of neuroscience, neuroethics and policy, including Wiley's number one most frequently downloaded article out of over 20 neurology journals in 2016.
Wurzman serves as director of science for the nonprofit, SeekHealing, which implements creative ways to connect people intentionally and authentically in order to build communities that are inherently resilient to addiction. SeekHealing serves people at risk for overdose and provides free, connection-oriented support services to anyone at any stage in the addiction healing process.
Wurzman believes that an appreciation for how brain systems filter the various spectrums of human experience can be used to transform how society responds to current crises, ranging from the opioid epidemic to political hyperpolarization. In addition to studying the effects of SeekHealing's programs in opioid-ravaged lives and communities, Wurzman's ongoing research in neuroethics also addresses the implications of a biopsychosocial and "systems-oriented" perspective on neuropsychiatric spectrum phenomena (such as addiction) for research, treatment and social policy. Her advice and insights into neurocognition have been utilized to inform policy in past positions as a neuroscience and neuroethics advisor to the Pentagon, an intern in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy under the Obama administration, and through her involvement with the International Neuroethics Society. Wurzman completed her doctoral and postdoctoral training at Georgetown University and the University of Pennsylvania, respectively.
Rachel Wurzman | Speaker | TED.com