Julia Dhar: How to disagree productively and find common ground
Julia Dhar: Cómo estar en desacuerdo de forma productiva y encontrar un terreno común
BCG's Julia Dhar is a champion of ideas, facts and constructive disagreement. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the only thing we can agree on
en lo que estamos de acuerdo
are screaming at each other,
community and connection,
una comunidad y conexión,
feeling angry and alienated.
sensación de enojo y alienación.
because everyone else is yelling,
porque todos los demás están gritando,
a no entablar conversación.
disagree productively.
a estar en desacuerdo de forma productiva.
to bring new ideas to life.
la verdad a la luz y crear nuevas ideas.
for structured disagreement
un desacuerdo estructurado
to persuade and be persuaded.
de persuadir y ser persuadido.
let me take you back a little bit.
déjenme llevarlos en el tiempo.
I loved arguing.
of your point of view,
a alguien de nuestro punto de vista
loved this somewhat less.
esto no les gustara tanto.
from gymnastics to burn off some energy,
hacer gimnasia para gastar energía,
from joining a debate team.
unirme a un equipo de debate.
to argue where they were not.
donde ellos no estuviesen.
are really straightforward:
son muy simples:
that we favor free trade --
la desobediencia civil, el libre cambio...
who speaks in favor of that idea,
hablan a favor de esa idea
of Canberra Girls Grammar School
Canberra Girls Grammar School
of all of the worst mistakes
de todos los peores errores
the person making the argument
la persona que presentaba los argumentos
of the ideas themselves.
cuestionó mis ideas,
humiliated and ashamed.
me sentí humillada y avergonzada.
the sophisticated response to that
into the world of debate, I loved it.
al mundo del debate, me encantó.
worked really hard at it,
trabajé muy duramente en ello,
at the technical craft of debate.
en el arte técnico del debate.
Debating Championships three times.
de Debate Escolar tres veces.
that this is a thing.
de que eso existe.
I started coaching debaters,
a entrenar a otros en el arte del debate,
at the top of their game,
is by finding common ground.
es encontrando un terreno común.
a la persuasión.
about how the world is, could, should be.
de organizar conversaciones
my experience-backed,
basada en mi experiencia
to talking to your cousin about politics
hablarle a su primo sobre política
debates new proposals;
su equipo debate nuevas propuestas,
our public conversation.
nuestro discurso público.
with the conflicting idea,
nos involucremos con la idea conflictiva
and I provide a response,
una afirmación y yo respondo,
it's just pontificating.
Solo estamos pontificando.
that the most successful debaters,
que los debatientes más exitosos,
yendo a los extremos.
to make the polarizing palatable.
que la polarización fuera más agradable.
long time to figure out
start by finding common ground,
en desacuerdo más productivamente,
sin importar qué tan pequeño sea.
that we can all agree on
todos estamos de acuerdo
equality between all people,
la igualdad entre las personas,
los psicólogos llaman realidad compartida.
call shared reality.
is the antidote to alternative facts.
a los hechos alternativos.
a platform to start to talk about it.
plataforma para empezar a hablar de ello.
is that you end up doing it directly,
acabamos haciéndolo directamente,
that that really matters.
que esto realmente importa.
at UC Berkeley and her colleagues
la Universidad de Berkeley y sus colegas
that listening to someone's voice
que escuchar la voz de alguien
with what that person has to say.
con lo que esa persona tiene que decir.
start conversing.
empiecen a conversar.
that notion a little bit,
esa noción un poco más,
on a parade of keynote speeches,
el desfile de discursos de apertura,
panel discussions,
paneles de discusión,
with a structured debate.
con un debate estructurado.
at their centerpiece,
podrían tener, como centro,
most controversial ideas in the field.
más controversiales del área.
could devote 10 minutes
podrían dedicarle 10 minutos
the way in which that team works.
la forma en la que el equipo trabaja.
this one is both easy and free.
esta es fácil y gratis.
esta realidad compartida,
that we separate ideas
además, separemos las ideas
of the person discussing them.
la persona que las debate.
unless it is controversial:
nada es un tema si no es controversial:
the voting age, outlaw gambling.
prohibir las apuestas.
to do what 10-year-old Julia did.
lo que hizo aquella Julia de 10 años.
making the argument is irrelevant,
hace el argumento es irrelevante,
least personal version of the idea.
la mejor versión, la más clara
or naive to imagine
o ingenuo de imaginar
outside the high school auditorium.
fuera del auditorio de la secundaria.
as democrat or republican.
como demócratas o republicanas.
because they came from headquarters,
vinieron de la oficina central
that we think is not like ours.
no es como la nuestra.
trying to come up with the next big idea,
intentan concebir su próxima gran idea
to submit ideas anonymously.
que haga una propuesta anónima.
government agencies
varias agencias gubernamentales
to reduce long-term unemployment.
para el desempleo a largo plazo.
public policy problems.
de las políticas públicas.
right at the beginning,
from everywhere.
potenciales en todos lados.
on an identical template.
en una plantilla idéntica.
they have no separate identity.
no tienen identidad propia.
they are discussed, picked over,
son debatidas, analizadas
more than 20 of those new ideas
más de 20 de esas nuevas ideas
responsible for consideration.
a cargo de considerarlas.
the originator of those ideas
el creador de esas ideas
getting the ear of a policy advisor.
para que un asesor político lo escuchara.
entirely seriously if they did.
assistants who manage calendars,
los asistentes que llevan las agendas,
who weren't always trusted.
en los que no siempre se confió.
did the same thing.
a weekly cable news segment
un segmento semanal de noticias
política sobre la mesa
liberal or conservative.
liberal o conservadora.
for and against a big idea
a favor y en contra de una gran idea
where the writers worked.
even our private disagreements,
incluso nuestros desacuerdos privados,
rather than discussing identity.
en lugar de discutir la identidad.
allows us to do as human beings
nos permite hacer como seres humanos
really open ourselves up
quizás estemos equivocados.
to disagree productively
estar en desacuerdo de forma productiva
attached to our ideas.
and that by extension, they own us.
y que, por extensión, nos poseen.
the expansion of the welfare state.
de la expansión del estado de bienestar.
flips a kind of cognitive switch.
una especie de interruptor cognitivo.
that you don't have, starts to evaporate.
que no compartes empiezan a evaporarse.
stepping into those shoes.
the humility of uncertainty.
that makes us better decision-makers.
a tomar mejores decisiones.
at Duke University and his colleagues
de la Universidad Duke, y sus colegas
who are able to practice --
las personas que practican
intellectual humility
llaman humildad intelectual
a broad range of evidence,
un amplio rango de evidencia,
when confronted with conflicting evidence.
se enfrentan con evidencia contradictoria.
queremos en nuestros jefes,
decision-makers,
gente que toma decisiones,
to claim for ourselves.
para nosotros mismos.
that humility of uncertainty,
la humildad de la incertidumbre,
all of us, a question.
should be asking it
los periodistas deberían preguntarle
and candidates for office, too.
y candidatos a cargos políticos.
your mind about and why?"
and public conversations could work.
la vida y las conversaciones públicas.
television presenter Mister Rogers
de programa infantil Míster Rogers
subcommittee on communications,
del Congreso de EE. UU.
curmudgeonly John Pastore.
que aparentaba ser bastante irascible.
to make a kind of classic debate case,
presentar un caso clásico de debate
for public broadcasting.
para la radiodifusión pública.
Senator Pastore is not having it.
no estaba de acuerdo.
really poorly for Mister Rogers.
para Míster Rogers.
Mister Rogers makes the case
Míster Rogers argumentó
de buena calidad,
that talk about the drama that arises
que trataban los problemas que ocurrían
engages and opens his mind.
participaba y abría su mente.
says to Mister Rogers,
a Míster Rogers:
a pretty tough guy,
I've had goosebumps in two days."
tengo piel de gallina en dos días".
just earned the 20 million dollars."
los USD 20 millones".
of debate and persuasion.
del debate y la persuasión.
many more Senator Pastores.
Senadores Pastore.
is that it lets you, it empowers you
te permite, te da el poder
and Senator Pastore simultaneously.
Míster Rogers y el Senador Pastore.
that we talked about before,
de los que hablamos antes,
to the possibility of being wrong.
con la posibilidad de estar equivocados.
what it would take to change their minds.
para que cambien de parecer.
not the exercise.
no del ejercicio.
what it would take to change your mind,
you were quite so sure in the first place.
estabas tan seguro en primer lugar.
that the practice of debate
for how to disagree productively.
de forma productiva.
our city council meetings.
y reuniones del consejo.
the way that we talk to one another,
transformar cómo hablamos con el otro,
and to start listening.
y empezar a escuchar.
and to start persuading.
y empezar a persuadir.
and to start opening our minds.
empezar a abrir nuestras mentes.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Julia Dhar - Business strategist, champion debaterBCG's Julia Dhar is a champion of ideas, facts and constructive disagreement.
Why you should listen
Julia Dhar won the World Schools Debate Championships three times, coached the New Zealand Schools' debating team to their first world debate championship win in 14 years and coached the Harvard University debate team to two world championships. Dhar co-founded and leads BeSmart, the Boston Consulting Group's Behavioral Economics and Insights initiative. She works globally to build organizations and societies that are more inclusive, generous and productive. Her book, The Decision Maker's Playbook: 12 Tactics for Thinking Clearly, Navigating Uncertainty, and Making Smarter Choices (with Simon Mueller), is set to be published by the Financial Times in 2019.
Julia Dhar | Speaker | TED.com