Kate Darling: Why we have an emotional connection to robots
קייט דרלינג: למה אנחנו נקשרים רגשית לרובוטים?
Kate Darling investigates the relationship between humans and robots -- now, and in the future. Full bio
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a baby dinosaur robot upside down.
של דינוזאור תינוק הפוך.
that I had ordered,
because I've always loved robots.
technical features.
was a tilt sensor,
ביחס לאדמה.
so I was showing it off to my friend,
אז הראיתי את זה לחבר שלי,
See what it does."
ותראה מה הוא עושה."
the theatrics of this robot
to make it stop crying.
a weird experience for me.
maternal person at the time.
a mother, nine months ago,
לפני תשעה חודשים,
when you hold them upside down.
כשמחזיקים אותם הפוך.
was also interesting
how this machine worked,
compelled to be kind to it.
was that my treatment of this machine
היה שהיחס שלי למכונה הזו
in my living room,
integrating robots into our lives,
משתלבים בחיינו,
might actually have consequences,
is that it's not just me.
היה שאני לא היחידה.
reported that the United States military
דיווח שצבא ארה"ב
that defused land mines.
was it was shaped like a stick insect
around a minefield on its legs,
one of the legs would blow up,
אחת מרגליו היתה מתפוצצת,
to blow up more mines.
ולפוצץ מוקשים נוספים.
of this testing exercise
drag itself along the minefield.
את עצמו על הרגליים שנותרו לו בשדה המוקשים.
a hardened military officer
by science fiction and pop culture
השפיעו עלינו
על החפצים האלו,
hardwired to project intent and life
להניח את קיומם של כוונות וחיים
that seems autonomous to us.
of robots like they're alive.
כאילו הם חיים.
with gun salutes.
even with very simple household robots,
אפילו עם רובוטים ביתיים פשוטים,
around your floor to clean it,
על הרצפה ומנקה אותה,
around on its own
when it gets stuck under the couch.
specifically to evoke this response,
לעורר את התגובה הזו,
subconsciously associate
called human-robot interaction
שנקרא יחסי אדם-רובוט
at Stanford University found out
באיברים המוצנעים של הרובוט.
a robot's private parts.
respond to the cues given to them
where robots are everywhere.
הרובוטים נמצאים בכל מקום.
from behind factory walls.
המפעלים והתעשייה.
and make autonomous decisions and learn
ולקבל החלטות וללמוד
analogy we have for this
לנו עבור זה
we started to domesticate animals,
התחלנו לביית חיות,
and weaponry and companionship.
some animals like tools or like products,
כאל כלים או מוצרים,
we've treated with kindness
as our companions.
to integrate robots in similar ways.
לשלב רובוטים באופן דומה.
from working with roboticists,
מעבודתי בתחום הרובוטיקה,
robots that can feel anything.
רובוטים בעלי רגשות.
robots into these shared spaces,
לחללים המשותפים הללו,
treat them differently than other devices,
אחרת מאשר למכשירים אחרים,
who becomes emotionally attached
from inefficient to dangerous.
it can actually be useful
זה יכול להיות שימושי
connection to robots.
with autistic children
that we haven't seen previously,
kids in learning with new results.
לאתגר תלמידים שמראים תוצאות חדשות.
can help doctors and patients
יכולים לעזור לרופאים ולמטופלים
and with dementia patients.
ובאופן כללי עבור חולי דמנציה.
being at a party
robots instead of human care."
רובוטים במקום טיפול אנושי."
it's not what this robot replaces.
הרובוט לא מחליף את הטיפול האנושי.
we can't use real animals
למטופל לטפל בבעלי חיים אמיתיים
them more like an animal than a device.
בעלי חיים ולא כמו אל מכשירים.
connection to robots
שנכונים לנו
areas of people's lives.
אישיים יותר בחיינו.
if your child's teddy bear robot
שהרובוט-צעצוע של הילד שלכם
has compelling in-app purchases?
יציע אפשרויות רכישה?
consumer protection and privacy.
these machines could matter.
כלפי המכונות האלו משנה.
initial experience I had
with my friend Hannes Gassert.
of these baby dinosaur robots
for about an hour.
a hammer and a hatchet
and kill the robots.
a little more dramatic
would even so much as strike
לא היה מוכן אפילו להכות
and at some point, we said,
ובשלב מסויים אמרנו,
if you destroy another team's robot."
אם תשמידו את הרובוט של הקבוצה השנייה."
הם לא היו מסוגלים לעשות את זה.
They couldn't do it.
a hatchet to one of them."
and he took the hatchet,
as he brought the hatchet down
half-serious moment of silence in the room
חצי-בצחוק חצי-רצינית
interesting experience.
study, obviously,
later research that I did at MIT
and smash these HEXBUGs
לרמוס רובוטי HEXBUG
lifelike way, like insects.
that people are drawn to,
שאנשים נמשכים אליו,
was that high-empathy people
that there may be a connection
of human-robot interaction
של אינטראקציה בין רובוטים לבני אדם
"האם אנו מרגישים אמפתיה כלפי רובוטים?"
people's empathy?"
היכולת של אנשים לחוש אמפתיה?"
from kicking a robotic dog,
more likely to kick a real dog?
בכלבים אמתיים?
but it's on a completely new level
וידאו אלימים, אבל ברמה אחרת לגמרי
that we respond more intensely to
הרבה יותר לעצמים פיזיים
that are designed to mimic life,
for violent behavior
the potential to impact human behavior,
להשפיע על ההתנהגות האנושית,
to impact social norms,
על הנורמות החברתיות,
around what we can and can't do
לגבי מה מותר ואסור
might matter for us.
we end up changing our rules,
נשנה את החוקים או לא
come to a new understanding of ourselves.
להבין את עצמנו טוב יותר.
over the past 10 years
מתייחסים האחד לשני.
a robot on the battlefield,
to harm a robotic baby dinosaur,
בדינוזאור-תינוק רובוטי,
and gears and algorithms.
וגלגלי שיניים ואלגוריתמים.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kate Darling - Robot ethicistKate Darling investigates the relationship between humans and robots -- now, and in the future.
Why you should listen
Robots are taking increasingly bigger roles in life and business -- moving well beyond manufacturing and into transportation, education, medicine, care for the elderly, our offices and our homes. But ethics and law haven't caught up. Kate Darling, a pioneer in these fields, is helping quicken the pace.
A leading expert in robot ethics, Darling is a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab where she investigates social robotics and conducts experimental studies on human-robot interaction. Darling explores the emotional connection between people and life-like inventions, seeking to influence technology design and policy direction. Her writing and research anticipate difficult questions that lawmakers, engineers and the wider public must address as human-robot relationships evolve in the coming decades.
While her background is in intellectual property and law and economics, Darling's passion for technology and robots led her to interdisciplinary fields. She's a former Fellow and current Affiliate at the Harvard Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society and a former fellow at the Yale Information Society Project, and she's an affiliate at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies.
Her work has been featured in Vogue, The New Yorker, The Guardian, BBC, NPR, PBS, The Boston Globe, Forbes, CBC, WIRED, Boston Magazine, The Atlantic, Slate, Die Zeit, The Japan Times and more. She is a contributing writer to Robohub and IEEE Spectrum and speaks and holds workshops covering some of the more interesting developments in the world of robotics, and where we might find ourselves in the future.
Darling graduated from law school with honors and holds a doctorate of sciences from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) and an honorary doctorate of sciences from Middlebury College. In 2017, the American Bar Association honored her legal work with the Mark T. Banner award in Intellectual Property. She is the caretaker for several domestic robots, including her Pleos Yochai, Peter, and Mr. Spaghetti. She tweets as @grok_ about eating cheerios for dinner.
Kate Darling | Speaker | TED.com