TED2018
David Cage: How video games turn players into storytellers
David Cage: Kako videoigre pretvaraju igrače u pripovjedače
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Jeste li ikada gledali film ili pročitali roman priželjkujući da možete promijeniti priču kako biste spasili najdražeg lika? Dizajner videoigara David Cage svojim igrama u kojima igrači donošenjem odluka usmjeravaju radnju, omogućuje upravo to. U ovim razgovoru Cage uživo predstavlja scenu iz svoga novog projekta, prepuštajući publici kontrolu nad odlukama glavnog lika. "Interaktivne priče mogu imati utjecaj kakav je u 20. stoljeću imala kinematografija, umjetnost koja će iz temelja promijeniti svoje vrijeme," tvrdi Cage.
David Cage - Interactive storyteller
The creator of emotional, immersive games like "Heavy Rain," "BEYOND: Two Souls" and "Detroit: Become Human," David Cage uses games to push the boundaries of storytelling. Full bio
The creator of emotional, immersive games like "Heavy Rain," "BEYOND: Two Souls" and "Detroit: Become Human," David Cage uses games to push the boundaries of storytelling. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
The way we tell stories
has naturally changed
has naturally changed
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Način na koji pričamo priče promijenio se
00:17
since Aristotle defined
the rules of tragedy
the rules of tragedy
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od vremena kad je Aristotel
definirao pravila tragedije
definirao pravila tragedije
00:20
about 2,500 years ago.
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prije otprilike 2 500 godina.
00:24
According to him,
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Po njemu,
00:26
the role of storytelling is to mimic life
and make us feel emotions.
and make us feel emotions.
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priče trebaju oponašati stvarni život
i u nama pobuditi emocije.
i u nama pobuditi emocije.
00:32
And that's exactly what
storytelling as we know it
storytelling as we know it
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Priče kakve do sad poznajemo
00:35
has done very well since then.
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dobro su ispunjavale tu zadaću.
00:38
But there is a dimension of life
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Međutim, jedan aspekt života
00:41
that storytelling could
never really reproduce.
never really reproduce.
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priče nisu mogle prenijeti,
00:44
It is the notion of choices.
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a to je sloboda izbora.
00:48
Choices are a very
important part of our lives.
important part of our lives.
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Donošenje odluka
važan je dio naših života.
važan je dio naših života.
00:51
We as individuals are defined
by the choices we make.
by the choices we make.
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Kao pojedince, određuju nas
odluke koje donesemo.
odluke koje donesemo.
00:55
Some of our decisions can have
very significant consequences
very significant consequences
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Neke odluke mogu nositi
ozbiljne posljedice
ozbiljne posljedice
00:59
and totally change
the courses of our lives.
the courses of our lives.
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i potpuno promijeniti naš životni put.
01:03
But in a play, a novel or a film,
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Ipak, u predstavi, romanu ili na filmu
01:07
the writer makes all the decisions
in advance for the characters,
in advance for the characters,
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pisci unaprijed donose sve odluke,
01:11
and as the audience,
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a mi kao publika
01:13
we can only watch, passively,
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možemo samo pasivno promatrati
01:15
the consequences of his decisions.
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posljedice njihovih izbora.
01:19
As a storyteller,
I've always been fascinated
I've always been fascinated
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Kao pisca, uvijek me oduševljavala
01:23
with the idea of recreating
this notion of choices in fiction.
this notion of choices in fiction.
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ideja da u književnosti reproduciram
proces donošenja odluka.
proces donošenja odluka.
01:29
My dream was to put the audience
in the shoes of the main protagonists,
in the shoes of the main protagonists,
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Moj je san bio staviti publiku
u perspektivu glavnog lika,
u perspektivu glavnog lika,
01:34
let them make their own decisions,
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omogućiti im da sami donose odluke
01:36
and by doing so,
let them tell their own stories.
let them tell their own stories.
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i tako im omogućiti
stvaranje vlastitih priča.
stvaranje vlastitih priča.
01:42
Finding a way to achieve this is what
I did in the past 20 years of my life.
I did in the past 20 years of my life.
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Posljednjih 20 godina uložio sam
u ostvarenje ove ideje.
u ostvarenje ove ideje.
01:49
Today, I would like to introduce you
to this new way of telling stories,
to this new way of telling stories,
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Danas, predstavljam vam
taj novi način pričanja priča
taj novi način pričanja priča
01:54
a way that has interactivity at its heart.
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temeljen na interaktivnosti.
01:59
Rather than exposing the theory behind it,
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Umjesto da vam pojašnjavam
kako funkcionira u teoriji,
kako funkcionira u teoriji,
02:03
which could have been kind of abstract
and probably a little bit boring,
and probably a little bit boring,
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što bi bilo apstraktno
i vjerojatno pomalo dosadno,
i vjerojatno pomalo dosadno,
02:07
I thought it would be a great opportunity
to do a little experiment.
to do a little experiment.
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činilo mi se kao odlična prilika
za provođenje malog eksperimenta.
za provođenje malog eksperimenta.
02:13
I would like you, the people here at TED,
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Volio bih da vi, publika na TED-u,
02:18
to tell your own story.
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ispričate svoju priču.
02:22
So I came with an interactive scene
that we are going to play together.
that we are going to play together.
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Zajedno ćemo odigrati
jednu interaktivnu scenu.
jednu interaktivnu scenu.
02:27
I've asked Vicky --
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Zamolio sam Vicky...
02:29
hello, Vicky --
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Pozdrav, Vicky...
02:30
to control the main character for us.
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da za nas upravlja glavnim likom.
02:33
And your role -- you, the audience --
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Vaša uloga, uloga publike
02:37
will be to make the choices.
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donošenje je odluka.
02:40
So Vicky and I don't know
what's going to happen,
what's going to happen,
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Vicky i ja ne znamo što će se dogoditi
02:43
because it will all be based
on your decisions.
on your decisions.
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jer će se sve odvijati
u skladu s vašim odlukama.
u skladu s vašim odlukama.
02:48
This scene comes from our next game,
called "Detroit: Become Human,"
called "Detroit: Become Human,"
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Scena pripada našoj nadolazećoj
igrici: "Detroit: Become Human".
igrici: "Detroit: Become Human".
02:54
and we are in the near future,
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Nalazimo se u bliskoj budućnosti
02:58
where technology made possible
the creation of androids
the creation of androids
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gdje je napredak tehnologije
omogućio stvaranje androida,
omogućio stvaranje androida,
koji u potpunosti nalikuju
ljudskim bićima.
ljudskim bićima.
03:01
that look exactly like human beings.
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03:03
We are in the shoes
of this character called Connor,
of this character called Connor,
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Nalazimo se u tijelu lika
pod imenom Connor,
pod imenom Connor,
03:06
who is an android,
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androida,
03:07
and he can do very fancy things
with coins, as you can see.
with coins, as you can see.
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koji, kao što vidite,
vješto barata novčićima.
vješto barata novčićima.
03:11
He has this blue triangle on this chest,
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Na prsima ima plavi trokut,
03:15
as all androids do,
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kao i ostali androidi.
03:18
and now Vicky is in control
of this character.
of this character.
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Vicky sada kontrolira njegov lik.
03:21
She can walk around, she can go anywhere,
she can look around,
she can look around,
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Može hodati uokolo,
može ići gdje želi, razgledavati,
može ići gdje želi, razgledavati,
03:25
she can interact with her environment,
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dodirivati predmete u okolini,
03:27
and now she can tell her own stories
by making choices.
by making choices.
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može izgraditi vlastitu priču
donošenjem odluka.
donošenjem odluka.
03:29
So here we have our first choice.
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Evo nam prve odluke.
03:32
There is a fish on the ground.
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Na podu se nalazi riba.
03:34
What should we do?
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Što ćemo učiniti?
03:35
Should we save it or should we leave it?
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Hoćemo li je spasiti ili ostaviti?
03:37
Remember, we are under time pressure,
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Zapamtite, vrijeme nam istječe,
03:39
so we'd better be fast.
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trebamo brzo reagirati.
03:40
What should we do?
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Što ćemo napraviti?
03:42
Audience: Save it!
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Publika: Spasiti!
03:43
David Cage: Save it? Save the fish?
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David Cage: Spasiti? Spasiti ribu?
03:49
(Video) (Fish plops)
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(VIdeo) (Riba bačena u akvarij)
03:50
DC: There we go.
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DC: Eto ga.
03:53
OK, we have an android who likes animals.
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U redu, naš android voli životinje.
03:56
OK, let's move on.
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Nastavimo.
03:57
Remember, we have a hostage situation.
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U pitanju je talačka kriza.
03:59
(Video) Woman: Please, please,
you've got to save my little girl!
you've got to save my little girl!
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(Video) Žena: Molim vas, spasite mi kćer!
04:03
Wait -- you're sending an android?
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Što... šaljete androida?
04:06
Officer: All right, ma'am, you need to go.
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Policajac: Gospođo, morate izaći.
04:09
W: You can't do that!
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Ž: Ne možete!
04:11
Why aren't you sending a real person?
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Zašto ne šaljete ljudsko biće?
04:14
DC: OK, she's not really happy.
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DC: Uzrujana je.
04:16
Her daughter's been
taken hostage by an android,
taken hostage by an android,
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Android joj drži kćer kao taoca
04:18
and of course, she's in a state of shock.
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pa je, naravno, u stanju šoka.
04:21
Now we can continue
to explore this apartment.
to explore this apartment.
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Sada možemo nastaviti razgledavati stan.
04:23
We see all the SWAT forces in place.
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Vidimo specijalne jedinice na pozicijama,
04:26
But we need to find
this Captain Allen first.
this Captain Allen first.
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ali moramo pronaći zapovjednika Allena.
04:28
That's the first thing we need to do.
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To je prvo što moramo napraviti.
04:30
So, again, we can go anywhere.
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Ponavljam, možemo se kretati bilo gdje.
04:32
Vicky's still in control of the character.
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Vicky i dalje upravlja likom.
04:34
Let's see -- oh, I think this
is Captain Allen. He's on the phone.
is Captain Allen. He's on the phone.
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Da vidimo, možda je ovo
zapovjednik Allen, na telefonu.
zapovjednik Allen, na telefonu.
04:39
(Video) Connor: Captain Allen,
my name is Connor.
my name is Connor.
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(Video) Connor: Zapovjedniče Allen,
ja sam Connor,
ja sam Connor,
04:42
I'm the android sent by CyberLife.
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android poslan iz CyberLifea.
04:47
Captain Allen: Let's fire
at everything that moves.
at everything that moves.
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Zapovjednik:
Pucajmo na sve što se pomakne.
Pucajmo na sve što se pomakne.
04:49
It already shot down two of my men.
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Već je ustrijelio dva policajca.
04:52
We could easily get it,
but they're on the edge of the balcony --
but they're on the edge of the balcony --
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Svladali bismo ga bez problema,
ali na rubu su balkona.
ali na rubu su balkona.
Ako padne,
04:55
it if falls,
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04:56
she falls.
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past će i ona.
04:57
DC: OK, now we need to decide
what we want to ask the captain.
what we want to ask the captain.
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DC: U redu, moramo odlučiti
što ćemo pitati zapovjednika.
što ćemo pitati zapovjednika.
05:00
What should be our choice?
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Što ćemo odabrati?
05:02
Deviant's name? Deviant's
behavior? Emotional shock?
behavior? Emotional shock?
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Ime, ponašanje, šok?
05:05
(Video) C: Has it experienced
an emotional shock recently?
an emotional shock recently?
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(Video) C: Je li nedavno doživio
kakav emocionalni šok?
kakav emocionalni šok?
05:09
Capt A: I haven't got
a clue. Does it matter?
a clue. Does it matter?
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Z: Nemam pojma. Zar je bitno?
05:11
C: I need information
to determine the best approach.
to determine the best approach.
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C: Trebam informacije
da odredim najbolji pristup.
da odredim najbolji pristup.
05:14
DC: OK, a second choice.
Maybe we can learn something.
Maybe we can learn something.
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DC: Evo ga, druga odluka.
Možda otkrijemo nešto.
Možda otkrijemo nešto.
05:17
What should we choose?
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Što ćemo odabrati?
05:18
Audience: Behavior.
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Publika: Ponašanje.
05:19
DC: OK, deviant behavior, Vicky.
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DC: U redu, ponašanje.
(Video) C: Znate li je li se
već prije čudno ponašao?
već prije čudno ponašao?
05:21
(Video) C: Do you know if it's been
behaving strangely before this?
behaving strangely before this?
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Z: Slušajte me dobro...
Važno je samo spasiti to dijete!
Važno je samo spasiti to dijete!
05:24
Capt A: Listen ... saving that kid
is all that matters.
is all that matters.
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05:29
DC: OK, we are not going to learn
anything from this guy.
anything from this guy.
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DC: U redu, od njega nećemo ništa saznati.
05:31
We need to do something.
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Moramo nešto poduzeti.
05:33
Let's try to go back in the lobby.
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Pokušajmo se vratiti u predvorje.
05:37
Oh, wait -- there's a room over there
on your right, Vicky, I think.
on your right, Vicky, I think.
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Čekaj, Vicky, na desno je soba.
05:41
Maybe there's something we can learn here.
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Možda nešto otkrijemo.
05:44
Oh, there's a tablet.
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Vidite, tablet.
05:46
Let's have a look.
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Pogledajmo.
05:53
(Video) Girl: This is Daniel,
the coolest android in the world.
the coolest android in the world.
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(Video) Djevojčica: Ovo je Daniel,
najbolji android na svijetu.
najbolji android na svijetu.
05:57
Say "Hi," Daniel.
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Reci "bok", Daniel.
05:58
Daniel: Hello!
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Daniel: Bok!
05:59
G: You're my bestie,
we'll always be together!
we'll always be together!
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Dj: Ti si moj
najbolji prijatelj, zauvijek.
najbolji prijatelj, zauvijek.
06:02
DC: That was just one way
of playing the scenes,
of playing the scenes,
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DC: Ovo je tek jedan od mogućih sljedova,
06:05
but there are many
other ways of playing it.
other ways of playing it.
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ali postoji mnoštvo drugih.
06:07
Depending on the choices you make,
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Ovisno o donesenim odlukama,
06:09
we could have seen many different actions,
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mogli smo vidjeti različite postupke,
06:11
many different consequences,
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različite posljedice,
06:13
many different outcomes.
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različite završetke.
06:15
So that gives you an idea of what
my work is about as an interactive writer.
my work is about as an interactive writer.
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Ovime ste dobili sliku mog posla
kao interaktivnog spisatelja.
kao interaktivnog spisatelja.
06:19
Where a linear writer needs
to deal with time and space,
to deal with time and space,
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Pisci koji pišu linearno
vode računa o vremenu i prostoru.
vode računa o vremenu i prostoru.
06:24
as an interactive writer,
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Ja se, kao interaktivni pisac,
06:25
I need to deal with time,
space and possibilities.
space and possibilities.
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moram nositi s vremenom,
prostorom i mogućnostima.
prostorom i mogućnostima.
06:30
I have to manage massive tree structures,
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Moram baratati ogromnim
krošnjastim strukturama
krošnjastim strukturama
06:35
where each branch
is a new variation of the story.
is a new variation of the story.
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gdje je svaka grana jedna varijanta priče.
06:38
I need to think about all
the possibilities in a given scene
the possibilities in a given scene
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Moram razmišljati o
svim mogućnostima određene scene
svim mogućnostima određene scene
06:41
and try to imagine
everything that can happen.
everything that can happen.
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i pokušati zamisliti sve moguće događaje.
06:43
I need to deal with thousands
and thousands of variables,
and thousands of variables,
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Moram se nositi
s tisućama i tisućama varijabli,
s tisućama i tisućama varijabli,
06:48
conditions and possibilities.
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uvjeta i mogućnosti.
06:50
As a consequence, where a film script
is about 100 pages,
is about 100 pages,
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Stoga, dok filmski scenarij
ima stotinjak stranica,
ima stotinjak stranica,
06:55
an interactive script like this
is between four and five thousand pages.
is between four and five thousand pages.
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interaktivni scenarij poput ovoga
ima 4-5 tisuća stranica.
ima 4-5 tisuća stranica.
07:03
So that gives you an idea
of what this work is about.
of what this work is about.
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Ovime ste mogli dobiti
temeljnu sliku ovog posla,
temeljnu sliku ovog posla,
07:07
But I think, in the end,
the experience is very unique,
the experience is very unique,
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ali, na kraju krajeva,
to je jedinstveno iskustvo
to je jedinstveno iskustvo
07:12
because it is the result
of the collaboration
of the collaboration
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jer je rezultat suradnje
07:17
between a writer creating
this narrative landscape
this narrative landscape
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pisca koji je stvorio taj narativni svijet,
07:22
and the player making his own decisions,
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i igrača koji donoseći odluke,
07:24
telling his own story
and becoming the cowriter
and becoming the cowriter
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priča svoju vlastitu priču
i pretvara se u suautora,
i pretvara se u suautora,
07:28
but also the coactor
and the codirector of the story.
and the codirector of the story.
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ali i u jednog od likova i režisera.
07:34
Interactive storytelling is a revolution
in the way we tell stories.
in the way we tell stories.
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Interaktivnost je revolucija
u načinu na koji pričamo priče.
u načinu na koji pričamo priče.
07:39
With the emergence of new platforms
like interactive television,
like interactive television,
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Pojavom novih platformi,
interaktivnih televizijskih programa,
virtualne stvarnosti i video igrica,
virtualne stvarnosti i video igrica,
07:44
virtual reality and video games,
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07:46
it can become a new form of entertainment
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može postati novi oblik zabave,
07:48
and maybe even a new form of art.
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možda čak i nova vrsta umjetnosti.
07:53
I am convinced that in the coming years,
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Uvjeren sam da ćemo u narednim godinama
07:56
we will see more and more moving
and meaningful interactive experiences,
and meaningful interactive experiences,
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vidjeti sve više i više dirljivih
i značajnih interaktivnih iskustava
i značajnih interaktivnih iskustava
08:02
created by a new generation of talents.
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koje će kreirati nova generacija
mladih talenata.
mladih talenata.
08:06
This is a medium
waiting for its Orson Welles
waiting for its Orson Welles
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Ovaj medij čeka na svog Orsona Wellesa
08:09
or its Stanley Kubrick,
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ili Stanleyja Kubricka,
08:10
and I have no doubt
that they will soon emerge
that they will soon emerge
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a ja vjerujem da samo što se nisu pojavili
08:14
and be recognized as such.
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i zauzeli svoju poziciju.
08:18
I believe that interactive
storytelling can be
storytelling can be
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Vjerujem da interaktivne priče
mogu imati važnost
mogu imati važnost
08:21
what cinema was in the 20th century:
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koju je za 20. stoljeće
imala kinematografija,
imala kinematografija,
08:24
an art that deeply changes its time.
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umjetnost koja će dovesti do promjena.
08:28
Thank you.
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Hvala Vam.
08:29
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Cage - Interactive storytellerThe creator of emotional, immersive games like "Heavy Rain," "BEYOND: Two Souls" and "Detroit: Become Human," David Cage uses games to push the boundaries of storytelling.
Why you should listen
Today, storytelling is all around us, but more and more people don't want to be spectators anymore -- they want to be actors of their own fiction. From social networks to interactive TV, virtual reality to immersive theatre, interactive storytelling is the next frontier for a new generation of writers.
Many people have preconceived ideas about video games, and sometimes they are right. But few people know that games can also be a wonderful creative medium capable of telling a new kind of narrative. In most art forms, the audience is watching passively. With interactive storytelling, the spectator becomes the hero of his own story.
David Cage dedicated his career to trying to understand how to tell interactive stories. Convinced that games can be more than entertainment, he tries to show that they can be a new form of expression, maybe even a new form of art, capable of emulating the interactive nature of life itself.
David Cage | Speaker | TED.com