TEDGlobal 2010
Eben Bayer: Are mushrooms the new plastic?
Eben Bayer: Jesu li gljive nova plastika?
Filmed:
Readability: 4.6
1,257,931 views
Eben Bayer, dizajner proizvoda, otkriva svoj recept za novi ambalažni materijal na bazi gljiva, koji štiti krhke stvari poput namještaja, plazma ekrana -- te okoliš.
Eben Bayer - Green designer
Eben Bayer is co-inventor of MycoBond, an organic (really -- it's based on mycelium, a living, growing organism) adhesive that turns agriwaste into a foam-like material for packaging and insulation. Full bio
Eben Bayer is co-inventor of MycoBond, an organic (really -- it's based on mycelium, a living, growing organism) adhesive that turns agriwaste into a foam-like material for packaging and insulation. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So, I'd like to spend a few minutes with you folks today
0
0
3000
Ljudi, volio bih danas s vama provesti nekoliko minuta
00:18
imagining what our planet might look like in a thousand years.
1
3000
3000
zamišljajući kako bi naš planet mogao izgledati za tisuću godina.
00:21
But before I do that,
2
6000
2000
Ali prije nego što to učinim
00:23
I need to talk to you about synthetic materials like plastics,
3
8000
3000
trebam s vama razgovarati o sintetičkim materijalima poput plastike,
00:26
which require huge amounts of energy to create
4
11000
3000
koji za proizvodnju zahtijevaju ogromnu količinu energije
00:29
and, because of their disposal issues,
5
14000
2000
i koji, zbog problema oko njihova odlaganja,
00:31
are slowly poisoning our planet.
6
16000
2000
polagano truju naš planet.
00:33
I also want to tell you and share with you
7
18000
2000
Također vam želim reći i podijeliti s vama
00:35
how my team and I
8
20000
2000
kako smo moj tim i ja
00:37
have been using mushrooms over the last three years.
9
22000
3000
koristili gljive tijekom posljednje tri godine.
00:40
Not like that. (Laughter)
10
25000
2000
Ne na taj način. (Smijeh)
00:42
We're using mushrooms to create an entirely new class of materials,
11
27000
3000
Koristimo gljive kako bismo stvorili potpuno novu vrstu materijala,
00:45
which perform a lot like plastics during their use,
12
30000
3000
koji se tijekom upotrebe ponašaju vrlo slično plastici,
00:48
but are made from crop waste
13
33000
2000
ali se rade od žetvenog otpada
00:50
and are totally compostable at the end of their lives.
14
35000
3000
i potpuno su razgradivi na kraju svog životnog vijeka.
00:53
(Cheering)
15
38000
2000
(Odobravanje)
00:55
But first,
16
40000
2000
Ali najprije
00:57
I need to talk to you about what I consider one of the most egregious offenders
17
42000
3000
trebam s vama razgovarati o, po mom mišljenju, jednom od najistaknutijih prijestupnika
01:00
in the disposable plastics category.
18
45000
2000
u kategoriji plastike za jednokratnu upotrebu.
01:02
This is a material you all know is Styrofoam,
19
47000
2000
To je materijal kojeg svi znate kao stiropor,
01:04
but I like to think of it as toxic white stuff.
20
49000
3000
ali ja ga volim smatrati otrovnom bijelom tvari.
01:08
In a single cubic foot of this material --
21
53000
2000
U jednoj jedinoj kubičnoj stopi tog materijala --
01:10
about what would come around your computer or large television --
22
55000
2000
otprilike koliko bi išlo oko vašeg računala ili velikog televizora --
01:12
you have the same energy content
23
57000
2000
imate jednaku količinu energije
01:14
of about a liter and a half of petrol.
24
59000
2000
kao i u oko litri i pol benzina.
01:16
Yet, after just a few weeks of use,
25
61000
2000
A ipak, nakon samo nekoliko tjedana upotrebe,
01:18
you'll throw this material in the trash.
26
63000
3000
bacit ćete taj materijal u smeće.
01:21
And this isn't just found in packaging.
27
66000
2000
A on se ne nalazi samo u ambalaži.
01:23
20 billion dollars of this material is produced every year,
28
68000
2000
Svake se godine proizvede 20 milijardi dolara tog materijala
01:25
in everything from building materials to surfboards
29
70000
3000
u svemu, od građevinskih materijala, daski za surfanje,
01:28
to coffee cups to table tops.
30
73000
2000
šalica za kavu do površina stolova.
01:30
And that's not the only place it's found.
31
75000
3000
A to nije jedino mjesto gdje se nalazi.
01:33
The EPA estimates, in the United States,
32
78000
2000
Agencija za zaštitu okoliša (EPA) u Sjedinjenim Državama procjenjuje da
01:35
by volume, this material occupies 25 percent of our landfills.
33
80000
3000
volumenski taj materijal zauzima 25% naših odlagališta.
01:39
Even worse is when it finds its way into our natural environment --
34
84000
3000
Još je gore kada završi u našem prirodnom okolišu --
01:42
on the side of the road or next to a river.
35
87000
2000
uz rub ceste ili pored rijeke.
01:44
If it's not picked up by a human, like me and you,
36
89000
3000
Ako ga ne pokupi čovjek, poput mene i vas,
01:47
it'll stay there for thousands and thousands of years.
37
92000
2000
ostat će tamo tisućama i tisućama godina.
01:49
Perhaps even worse
38
94000
2000
Možda je još gore
01:51
is when it finds its way into our oceans, like in the great plastic gyre,
39
96000
3000
kada završi u našim oceanima, kao u velikom plastičnom vrtlogu,
01:54
where these materials are being mechanically broken
40
99000
2000
gdje se ti materijali mehanički razbijaju
01:56
into smaller and smaller bits,
41
101000
2000
na sve manje i manje djeliće,
01:58
but they're not really going away.
42
103000
2000
ali zapravo ne nestaju.
02:00
They're not biologically compatible.
43
105000
2000
Nisu biološki kompatibilni.
02:02
They're basically fouling up
44
107000
2000
Oni u osnovi onečišćuju
02:04
Earth's respiratory and circulatory systems.
45
109000
2000
dišni i krvožilni sustav Zemlje.
02:06
And because these materials are so prolific,
46
111000
3000
A, budući da su ti materijali toliko rašireni,
02:09
because they're found in so many places,
47
114000
2000
budući da se nalaze na toliko mjesta,
02:11
there's one other place you'll find this material, styrene,
48
116000
3000
postoji još jedno mjesto gdje ćete pronaći taj materijal, stiren,
02:14
which is made from benzene, a known carcinogen.
49
119000
2000
koji se proizvodi od benzena, poznatog karcenogena.
02:16
You'll find it inside of you.
50
121000
3000
Naći ćete ga u sebi.
02:19
So, for all these reasons,
51
124000
2000
Zbog svih tih razloga
02:21
I think we need better materials,
52
126000
2000
mislim kako trebamo bolje materijale,
02:23
and there are three key principles we can use to guide these materials.
53
128000
3000
a postoje tri ključna načela koja možemo koristiti u rukovanju tim materijalima.
02:27
The first is feedstocks.
54
132000
2000
Prvo načelo su sirovine.
02:29
Today, we use a single feedstock, petroleum,
55
134000
3000
Danas koristimo jednu jedinu sirovinu, naftu,
02:32
to heat our homes, power our cars
56
137000
2000
za grijanje naših domova, pokretanje naših automobila
02:34
and make most of the materials you see around you.
57
139000
3000
i izradu većine materijala koje vidite oko sebe.
02:37
We recognize this is a finite resource,
58
142000
2000
Mi prepoznajemo da je to ograničeni izvor
02:39
and it's simply crazy to do this, to put a liter and a half of petrol in the trash
59
144000
3000
i da je jednostavno ludo to činiti, baciti litru i pol benzina u smeće
02:42
every time you get a package.
60
147000
2000
svaki put kad nabavite nešto zapakirano.
02:44
Second of all, we should really strive to use far less energy
61
149000
2000
Kao drugo, stvarno bismo trebali nastojati koristiti daleko manje energije
02:46
in creating these materials.
62
151000
2000
u proizvodnji tih materijala.
02:48
I say far less, because 10 percent isn't going to cut it.
63
153000
3000
Kažem daleko manje, jer 10% smanjenja nije dovoljno.
02:51
We should be talking about half, a quarter,
64
156000
2000
Trebali bismo pričati o polovici, četvrtini,
02:53
one-tenth the energy content.
65
158000
3000
desetini količine energije.
02:56
And lastly, and I think perhaps most importantly,
66
161000
3000
I zadnje, a mislim možda i najvažnije načelo,
02:59
we should be creating materials
67
164000
2000
je da bismo trebali proizvoditi materijale
03:01
that fit into what I call nature's recycling system.
68
166000
3000
koji se uklapaju u ono što ja zovem reciklirajući sustav prirode.
03:04
This recycling system has been in place for the last billion years.
69
169000
3000
Taj reciklirajući sustav je ovdje posljednjih milijardu godina.
03:07
I fit into it, you fit into it,
70
172000
2000
Ja se uklapam u njega, vi se uklapate u njega,
03:09
and a hundred years tops, my body can return to the Earth with no preprocessing.
71
174000
3000
i nakon najviše sto godina moje se tijelo može vratiti Zemlji bez prethodne obrade.
03:12
Yet that packaging I got in the mail yesterday
72
177000
2000
A opet, ta ambalaža koju sam jučer dobio poštom
03:14
is going to last for thousands of years.
73
179000
2000
trajat će tisućama godina.
03:16
This is crazy.
74
181000
2000
To je ludo.
03:18
But nature provides us with a really good model here.
75
183000
3000
No, priroda nam ovdje pruža stvarno dobar primjer.
03:21
When a tree's done using its leaves --
76
186000
2000
Kada drvo završi s korištenjem svojeg lišća --
03:23
its solar collectors, these amazing molecular photon capturing devices --
77
188000
3000
svojih solarnih kolektora, tih nevjerojatnih uređaja za hvatanje molekularnih fotona --
03:26
at the end of a season,
78
191000
2000
na kraju sezone,
03:28
it doesn't pack them up, take them to the leaf reprocessing center
79
193000
3000
ono ga ne zapakira, ne odnese u centar za preradu lišća
03:31
and have them melted down to form new leaves.
80
196000
2000
i ne topi da bi stvorilo novo lišće.
03:33
It just drops them, the shortest distance possible,
81
198000
3000
Samo ga ispusti, na najmanju moguću udaljenost,
03:36
to the forest floor,
82
201000
2000
na šumski pod,
03:38
where they're actually upcycled into next year's topsoil.
83
203000
2000
gdje se ono zapravo reciklira u gornji sloj tla sljedeće godine.
03:40
And this gets us back to the mushrooms.
84
205000
3000
A to nas vraća gljivama.
03:44
Because in nature,
85
209000
2000
Jer, u prirodi
03:46
mushrooms are the recycling system.
86
211000
2000
gljive su reciklirajući sustav.
03:48
And what we've discovered
87
213000
2000
A ono što smo mi otkrili
03:50
is, by using a part of the mushroom you've probably never seen --
88
215000
2000
je da korištenjem dijela gljive koji vjerojatno nikada niste vidjeli --
03:52
analogous to its root structure; it's called mycelium --
89
217000
3000
analogno njenoj građi korijena; zove se micelij --
03:55
we can actually grow materials
90
220000
2000
možemo zapravo uzgajati materijale
03:57
with many of the same properties of conventional synthetics.
91
222000
3000
s mnogim značajkama istim kao i kod konvencionalne sintetike.
04:00
Now, mycelium is an amazing material,
92
225000
2000
Micelij je nevjerojatan materijal,
04:02
because it's a self-assembling material.
93
227000
2000
zato što je to materijal koji se samo-sastavlja.
04:04
It actually takes things we would consider waste --
94
229000
2000
On zapravo uzme stvari koje bismo smatrali otpadom --
04:06
things like seed husks or woody biomass --
95
231000
3000
stvari poput ljuski sjemenja ili drvene biomase --
04:09
and can transform them into a chitinous polymer,
96
234000
2000
i može ih pretvoriti u biopolimer hitin,
04:11
which you can form into almost any shape.
97
236000
2000
kojeg možete formirati u skoro svaki oblik.
04:13
In our process,
98
238000
2000
U našem procesu
04:15
we basically use it as a glue.
99
240000
2000
u osnovi ga koristimo kao ljepilo.
04:17
And by using mycelium as a glue,
100
242000
2000
A koristeći micelij kao ljepilo
04:19
you can mold things just like you do in the plastic industry,
101
244000
3000
možete modelirati stvari kao što to radite u industriji plastike
04:22
and you can create materials with many different properties,
102
247000
3000
i možete stvarati materijale s mnogim različitim svojstvima,
04:25
materials that are insulating, fire-resistant,
103
250000
3000
materijale koji su izolacijski, vatrootporni,
04:28
moisture-resistant, vapor-resistant --
104
253000
3000
vodootporni, paronepropusni --
04:31
materials that can absorb impacts, that can absorb acoustical impacts.
105
256000
3000
materijale koji mogu apsorbirati udarce, akustičke udarce.
04:34
But these materials are grown from agricultural byproducts,
106
259000
3000
No, ovi materijali nastaju iz poljoprivrednih nusprodukata,
04:37
not petroleum.
107
262000
2000
a ne iz nafte.
04:39
And because they're made of natural materials,
108
264000
3000
Budući da su od prirodnih materijala,
04:42
they are 100 percent compostable
109
267000
2000
100% su razgradivi
04:44
in you own backyard.
110
269000
2000
u vašem vlastitom dvorištu.
04:47
So I'd like to share with you the four basic steps
111
272000
2000
Volio bih s vama podijeliti četiri osnovna koraka
04:49
required to make these materials.
112
274000
2000
potrebna da bi se ti materijali proizveli.
04:51
The first is selecting a feedstock,
113
276000
2000
Prvi korak je izbor sirovine,
04:53
preferably something that's regional, that's in your area, right --
114
278000
2000
po mogućnosti nešto što je regionalno, iz vašeg područja, naravno --
04:55
local manufacturing.
115
280000
2000
lokalne proizvodnje.
04:57
The next is actually taking this feedstock and putting in a tool,
116
282000
3000
Sljedeći korak je da stvarno uzmete tu sirovinu i stavite ju u spravu,
05:00
physically filling an enclosure, a mold,
117
285000
2000
fizički ispunjavajući kućište, kalup,
05:02
in whatever shape you want to get.
118
287000
2000
u koji god oblik želite dobiti.
05:04
Then you actually grow the mycelium through these particles,
119
289000
3000
Zatim zapravo uzgajate micelij pomoću tih čestica
05:07
and that's where the magic happens,
120
292000
2000
i tu se događa čarolija,
05:09
because the organism is doing the work in this process,
121
294000
2000
jer posao u ovom procesu odrađuje organizam,
05:11
not the equipment.
122
296000
2000
a ne oprema.
05:13
The final step is, of course, the product,
123
298000
2000
Zadnji korak je, naravno, proizvod,
05:15
whether it's a packaging material, a table top, or building block.
124
300000
3000
bilo da je to ambalažni materijal, površina stola ili građevinski blok.
05:18
Our vision is local manufacturing,
125
303000
2000
Naša vizija je lokalna proizvodnja
05:20
like the local food movement, for production.
126
305000
2000
poput pokreta za lokalnu proizvodnju hrane.
05:22
So we've created formulations for all around the world
127
307000
2000
Tako smo stvorili sustave za svuda po svijetu
05:24
using regional byproducts.
128
309000
2000
koristeći regionalne nusprodukte.
05:26
If you're in China, you might use a rice husk
129
311000
3000
Ako ste u Kini, mogli biste koristiti ljuskice riže
05:29
or a cottonseed hull.
130
314000
2000
ili ljuske sjemenja pamuka.
05:31
If you're in Northern Europe or North America,
131
316000
2000
Ako ste u Sjevernoj Europi ili Sjevernoj Americi,
05:33
you can use things like buckwheat husks or oat hulls.
132
318000
3000
možete koristiti stvari poput heljdinih ili zobenih ljuskica.
05:37
We then process these husks with some basic equipment.
133
322000
3000
Zatim te ljuske obrađujemo pomoću iste osnovne opreme.
05:40
And I want to share with you a quick video from our facility
134
325000
2000
Želim s vama podijeliti kratak video iz našeg postrojenja
05:42
that gives you a sense of how this looks at scale.
135
327000
3000
koji će vam dati osjećaj kako to izgleda u pravoj veličini.
05:45
So what you're seeing here is actually cotton hulls from Texas, in this case.
136
330000
3000
Ovo što ovdje vidite u ovom slučaju su zapravo ljuskice pamuka iz Teksasa.
05:48
It's a waste product.
137
333000
2000
To je otpadni materijal.
05:50
And what they're doing in our equipment
138
335000
2000
A ono što on radi u našoj opremi
05:52
is going through a continuous system,
139
337000
2000
je da prolazi kroz kontinuirani sustav,
05:54
which cleans, cooks, cools
140
339000
3000
koji čisti, kuha, hladi
05:57
and pasteurizes these materials,
141
342000
2000
i pasterizira te materijale,
05:59
while also continuously inoculating them with our mycelium.
142
344000
3000
te ih istovremeno kalemi pomoću našeg micelija.
06:02
This gives us a continuous stream of material
143
347000
2000
To nam daje kontinuirani protok materijala
06:04
that we can put into almost any shape,
144
349000
2000
koji možemo staviti u skoro svaki oblik,
06:06
though today we're making corner blocks.
145
351000
2000
iako danas proizvodimo kutnike.
06:08
And it's when this lid goes on the part,
146
353000
2000
A u trenutku kada se spusti ovaj poklopac
06:10
that the magic really starts.
147
355000
3000
počinje prava čarolija.
06:13
Because the manufacturing process is our organism.
148
358000
3000
Jer, proizvodni proces je naš organizam.
06:16
It'll actually begin to digest these wastes
149
361000
2000
On zapravo počinje probavljati taj otpad
06:18
and, over the next five days,
150
363000
2000
i, tijekom sljedećih pet dana,
06:20
assemble them into biocomposites.
151
365000
3000
sastavlja ih u bio-smjese.
06:23
Our entire facility
152
368000
2000
Cijelo naše postrojenje
06:25
is comprised of thousands and thousands and thousands of these tools
153
370000
3000
se sastoji od tisuća i tisuća i tisuća tih alata,
06:28
sitting indoors in the dark, quietly self-assembling materials --
154
373000
3000
smještenih unutra u mraku, tihih samo-sastavljajućih materijala --
06:31
and everything from building materials
155
376000
2000
i sve od građevinskih materijala
06:33
to, in this case,
156
378000
2000
do, u ovom slučaju,
06:35
a packaging corner block.
157
380000
2000
ambalažnih kutnika.
06:37
So I've said a number of times that we grow materials.
158
382000
3000
Zato sam rekao nekoliko puta da mi uzgajamo materijale.
06:40
And it's kind of hard to picture how that happens.
159
385000
2000
Nekako je teško zamisliti kako se to događa.
06:42
So my team has taken five days-worth of growth,
160
387000
2000
Zato je moj tim uzeo petodnevnu vrijednost uzgoja,
06:44
a typical growth cycle for us,
161
389000
2000
tipičnog uzgojnog ciklusa za nas,
06:46
and condensed it into a 15-second time lapse.
162
391000
3000
i sažeo ju u vremenski interval od 15 sekundi.
06:49
And I want you to really watch closely
163
394000
2000
Htio bih da stvarno pažljivo gledate
06:51
these little white dots on the screen,
164
396000
2000
te sitne bijele točkice na ekranu,
06:53
because, over the five-day period,
165
398000
2000
jer, nakon petodnevnog razdoblja,
06:55
what they do is extend out and through this material,
166
400000
3000
one se šire na sve strane kroz taj materijal
06:58
using the energy that's contained in these seed husks
167
403000
2000
koristeći energiju koja je sadržana u tim ljuskicama
07:00
to build this chitinous polymer matrix.
168
405000
2000
kako bi izgradila tu matricu biopolimera hitina.
07:02
This matrix self-assembles,
169
407000
2000
Ta se matrica samo-sastavlja,
07:04
growing through and around the particles,
170
409000
2000
šireći se oko svih čestica,
07:06
making millions and millions of tiny fibers.
171
411000
3000
stvarajući milijune sičušnih vlakana.
07:09
And what parts of the seed husk we don't digest,
172
414000
3000
A dijelovi ljuskica koji se ne probave,
07:12
actually become part of the final, physical composite.
173
417000
3000
zapravo postaju dio konačne fizičke smjese.
07:15
So in front of your eyes, this part just self-assembled.
174
420000
2000
Tako se ovaj komad, nama pred očima, jednostavno samo-sastavio.
07:17
It actually takes a little longer. It takes five days.
175
422000
3000
Zapravo to traje malo dulje. Traje pet dana.
07:20
But it's much faster than conventional farming.
176
425000
3000
Ali je puno brže od konvencionalnog uzgoja.
07:23
The last step, of course, is application.
177
428000
2000
Posljednji korak je, naravno, primjena.
07:25
In this case, we've grown a corner block.
178
430000
2000
U ovom slučaju, uzgojili smo kutnik.
07:27
A major Fortune 500 furniture maker
179
432000
3000
Veliki proizvođač namještaja Fortune 500
07:30
uses these corner blocks to protect their tables in shipment.
180
435000
3000
koristi te kutnike za zaštitu svojih stolova tijekom prijevoza.
07:33
They used to use a plastic packaging buffer,
181
438000
2000
Prije su koristili plastičnu ambalažnu zaštitu,
07:35
but we were able to give them the exact same physical performance
182
440000
3000
ali smo im mi bili u stanju ponuditi identičan fizički učinak
07:38
with our grown material.
183
443000
2000
s našim uzgojenim materijalom.
07:40
Best of all, when it gets to the customer,
184
445000
3000
Najbolje od svega, kada taj materijal stigne do kupca,
07:43
it's not trash.
185
448000
2000
on nije smeće.
07:45
They can actually put this in their natural ecosystem without any processing,
186
450000
2000
Kupac ga zapravo može staviti u svoj prirodni eko-sustav bez ikakve obrade,
07:47
and it's going to improve the local soil.
187
452000
2000
a on će poboljšati lokalno tlo.
07:49
So, why mycelium?
188
454000
2000
Dakle, zašto micelij?
07:51
The first reason is local open feedstocks.
189
456000
2000
Prvi razlog je neposredna lokalna sirovina.
07:53
You want to be able to do this anywhere in the world
190
458000
2000
Želite biti u mogučnosti to činiti bilo gdje u svijetu
07:55
and not worry about peak rice hull or peak cottonseed hulls,
191
460000
2000
i ne brinuti oko vrhunca ljuskica riže ili sjemenja pamuka,
07:57
because you have multiple choices.
192
462000
2000
jer imate brojne izbore.
07:59
The next is self-assembly,
193
464000
2000
Sljedeći razlog je samo-sastavljanje,
08:01
because the organism is actually doing most of the work in this process.
194
466000
3000
jer organizam zapravo odrađuje veći dio posla u ovom procesu.
08:04
You don't need a lot of equipment to set up a production facility.
195
469000
3000
Ne trebate puno opreme da biste postavili postrojenje za proizvodnju.
08:07
So you can have lots of small facilities
196
472000
2000
Možete imati puno malih postrojenja
08:09
spread all across the world.
197
474000
2000
raširenih širom svijeta.
08:11
Biological yield is really important.
198
476000
2000
Biološki prinos je zaista važan.
08:13
And because 100 percent of what we put in the tool become the final product,
199
478000
3000
A budući da 100% onoga što stavimo u alat postaje konačni proizvod,
08:16
even the parts that aren't digested
200
481000
2000
čak i dijelovi koji nisu probavljeni
08:18
become part of the structure,
201
483000
2000
postaju dio građe,
08:20
we're getting incredible yield rates.
202
485000
2000
dobivamo nevjerojatne stope prinosa.
08:22
Natural polymers, well ... I think that's what's most important,
203
487000
3000
Prirodni polimeri...mislim da je to ono što je najvažnije,
08:25
because these polymers have been tried and tested
204
490000
2000
jer su ti polimeri isprobani i testirani
08:27
in our ecosystem for the last billion years,
205
492000
2000
u našem eko-sustavu tijekom zadnjih milijardu godina
08:29
in everything from mushrooms to crustaceans.
206
494000
3000
u svemu, od gljiva do školjki.
08:32
They're not going to clog up Earth's ecosystems. They work great.
207
497000
3000
Oni neće začepiti Zemljine eko-sustave. Izvanredno funkcioniraju.
08:35
And while, today,
208
500000
2000
I dok danas
08:37
we can practically guarantee that yesterday's packaging
209
502000
2000
možemo praktički jamčiti da će jučerašnja ambalaža
08:39
is going to be here in 10,000 years,
210
504000
2000
biti ovdje za 10.000 godina,
08:41
what I want to guarantee
211
506000
2000
ono što ja želim jamčiti
08:43
is that in 10,000 years,
212
508000
2000
je to da će za 10.000 godina
08:45
our descendants, our children's children,
213
510000
2000
naši potomci, djeca naše djece,
08:47
will be living happily and in harmony
214
512000
3000
živjeti sretno i u skladu
08:50
with a healthy Earth.
215
515000
2000
sa zdravom Zemljom.
08:52
And I think that can be some really good news.
216
517000
2000
A mislim da bi to mogle biti stvarno dobre vijesti.
08:54
Thank you.
217
519000
2000
Hvala vam.
08:56
(Applause)
218
521000
3000
(pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eben Bayer - Green designerEben Bayer is co-inventor of MycoBond, an organic (really -- it's based on mycelium, a living, growing organism) adhesive that turns agriwaste into a foam-like material for packaging and insulation.
Why you should listen
As co-founder of Ecovative, Eben Bayer co-invented MycoBond, a technology that uses a filamentous fungi to transform agricultural waste products into strong composite materials. Or, as CNN put it: "In non-scientific terms, they grind up seed husks and glue the small pieces together with mushroom root." Their products include packaging and styrofoam substitute and the now-in-development Greensulate rigid insulation board for builders. Both products require less energy to create than synthetics like foam, because they're quite literally grown. Equally compelling, at the end of their useful life, they can be home-composted or even used as garden mulch.
Eben Bayer | Speaker | TED.com