Hannah Fry: Is life really that complex?
Hannah Fry researches the trends in our civilization and ways we can forecast its future. Full bio
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to try and provide you with an answer,
para tentar dar uma resposta,
is split this neatly into two parts:
em duas partes iguais.
what I mean by "complex."
o que quero dizer com "complexa".
a host of formal definitions,
that Einstein and his peers can't do.
que Einstein e os amigos não resolveriam.
if the clicker works ... there we go.
se o botão funcionar... vamos lá.
uma partida de sinuca.
that when he hits the cue ball,
que quando acertar a bola branca,
is going to hit the sides,
a bola vermelha baterá nos lados,
and where it's going to end up.
up to the size of the solar system,
para o tamanho do sistema solar,
o trajeto da Terra ao redor do Sol,
the path of the Earth around the Sun,
estão a qualquer momento.
at any point in time.
increase in difficulty,
the Moon in his calculations.
a Lua em seus cálculos.
Mars and Jupiter, say,
Marte e Júpiter, por exemplo,
to solve with a pen and paper.
resolver com papel e caneta.
a handful of planets,
de termos alguns planetas,
or even billions,
ou até bilhões,
e Einstein pode voltar a ajudar.
to a molecular level.
em nível molecular.
of an individual air molecule,
de apenas uma molécula de ar,
of air molecules all together,
de moléculas de ar juntas,
which is quantifiable, predictable
previsível e bem-comportado.
planes would fall out of the sky.
across the whole of the world,
através do mundo inteiro,
with all of these air molecules.
com todas essas moléculas de ar.
an individual rain droplet
apenas uma gota da chuva,
or where it's going to end up.
se estará nublado amanhã.
this is how far science had got.
a ciência chegou até aí.
with a few objects
problemas com poucos objetos
with millions of objects
com milhões de objetos
before Einstein's death,
Warren Weaver made exactly this point.
Warren Weaver falou isso.
has gone from one extreme to another,
foi de um extremo ao outro,
great middle region.
is where complexity science lies,
está a complexidade científica,
every single problem you can think of
problema imaginável a ver
how to model the movement of a crowd.
recriar o movimento de uma multidão.
to look at them all individually
observadas individualmente
serem tratadas como gás.
to annoying things like decisions
chatas como decisões,
o que torna o problema algo mais difícil.
all the more complicated.
quando haverá queda na bolsa.
is going to be.
how to improve unemployment.
acabar com o desemprego.
se o próximo iPhone terá sucesso.
is going to be a hit or a flop.
we're completely screwed.
estamos ferrados.
and life is way too complex.
com isso e a vida é complexa.
of a new area of science
usando matemática nos sistemas sociais.
to model our social systems.
about statistics and computer simulations.
e simulações de computador.
equations about our society
sobre a nossa sociedade
what's going on
or the weather prediction.
e a previsão do tempo.
because people have begun to realize
as pessoas perceberam
and those of the physical world around us.
e o mundo físico ao redor.
of migration across Europe.
all of the people together,
they're following the laws of gravity.
estar seguindo as leis da gravidade.
being attracted to one another,
sendo atraídos para si,
to areas with better job opportunities,
áreas com empregos melhores,
and lower unemployment.
de vida e menos desemprego.
are more likely to go for opportunities
a procurar oportunidades
London to Kent, for example,
ir de Londres a Kent, por exemplo,
far away is felt much less.
é bem menos sentido.
were looking into the patterns
procurava padrões
is this idea of repeat victimization.
é a repetida ideia de vitimização.
who manage to successfully rob an area,
que têm sucesso roubando uma área,
and carry on burgling it.
e continuarão roubando.
that are in place.
ramp up the security,
melhorarem a segurança,
will move off elsewhere.
vão para outro lugar.
between burglars and security
hot spots of the city.
lugares populares da cidade.
this is exactly the same process
it's not burglars and security,
não é sobre ladrões e segurança,
that creates these patterns
que cria estes padrões
about the morphogenesis of leopard spots.
some of the warning signs with burglaries
entender sobre sinais de roubos
better crime strategies to prevent crime.
melhores sobre como prevenir crimes.
com a polícia de Midlands Ocidental
the West Midlands police right now
plenty of examples like this,
with one from my own research
um da minha própria pesquisa
don't need me to tell you
the worst sustained period
passaram por seu pior período
em mais de 20 anos.
we want to try and understand
o que exatamente causou os tumultos,
with better strategies
resolution in the future.
com isso no futuro.
the sociologists here,
the individual motivations for a rioter,
as motivações individuais,
the rioters all together,
into a three-stage process
de três etapas e assim fazemos analogias.
you've got a group of friends.
tenha um grupo de amigos.
a Foot Locker which is being raided,
sendo vandalizada,
a new pair of trainers.
"Come on down to the riots."
"Venha para o tumulto".
more of their friends, who join them,
that a virus spreads through a population.
se espalhando pela população.
of a couple of years ago,
de alguns anos atrás,
the more people that got infected,
mais gente era infectada,
antes que o conseguissem controlar.
to get a handle on events.
he's decided he's going to riot.
que decide participar de um tumulto.
is pick a riot site.
about rioters is that, um ...
desordeiros é que, num geral,
they're not prepared to travel
a não ser que valha muito a pena.
having traveled less than a kilometer
menos de um quilômetro
in consumer models of retail spending,
de consumo de gastos de varejo,
to go to local shops,
to go a little bit further
picked up by some of the papers,
"Shopping with violence,"
isso de "compras com violência",
in terms of our research.
em termos da nossa pesquisa.
getting caught by the police.
the police at all times,
with their limited resources,
com seus recursos limitados,
as much of the city as possible,
e criar um efeito dissuasivo.
so to speak, of rioters and police,
manifestantes e polícia,
and prey in the wild.
e presas na selva.
foxes at all costs,
raposas a todo custo,
trying to look for rabbits.
tentando achar coelhos.
about the dynamics of predators and prey.
a dinâmica de predadores e presas.
consumer spending flows.
os fluxos de gasto do consumidor.
how viruses spread through a population.
se espalha pela população.
together and exploit them,
e as explorando,
model of what actually happened,
matemático do que de fato ocorreu,
the general patterns
os padrões gerais dos tumultos.
we can almost use this as a petri dish
isso como placas de Petri
were more susceptible than others
são mais suscetíveis
caso isso volte a acontecer no futuro.
again in the future.
of this sort was completely unheard of.
assim eram impensáveis.
are an incredibly important tool
sejam ferramentas importantes
da nossa sociedade,
our society overall.
necessarily be that complicated.
ser tão complicado.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Hannah Fry - Complexity theoristHannah Fry researches the trends in our civilization and ways we can forecast its future.
Why you should listen
Hannah Fry completed her PhD in fluid dynamics in early 2011 with an emphasis on how liquid droplets move. Then, after working as an aerodynamicist in the motorsport industry, she began work on an interdisciplinary project in complexity sciences at University College London. Hannah’s current research focusses on discovering new connections between mathematically described systems and human interaction at the largest scale.
Hannah Fry | Speaker | TED.com