ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dianna Cohen - Artist and activist
Dianna Cohen co-founded the Plastic Pollution Coalition, which is working to help end our cycle of plastics use.

Why you should listen

Dianna Cohen is the co-founder of the Plastic Pollution Coalition, a group that addresses the pervasive problem of plastic pollution. She was inspired to co-found the group by her work as an artist -- because her chosen material is the ubiquitous plastic bag. She writes: "Having worked with the plastic bag as my primary material for the past fifteen years, all of the obvious references to recycling, first-world culture, class, high and low art give way to an almost formal process which reflects the unique flexibility of the medium."

With the Plastic Pollution Coalition, she helps to raise awareness of ocean waste -- the majority of which is nondegradable plastic -- and everyday strategies to cut down the amount of plastic we use and throw away.

More profile about the speaker
Dianna Cohen | Speaker | TED.com
Mission Blue Voyage

Dianna Cohen: Tough truths about plastic pollution

Dianna Cohen: Duras verdades sobre a poluição do plástico

Filmed:
896,666 views

A artista Dianna Cohen compartilha algumas duras verdades sobre a poluição do plástico no oceano e em nossas vidas -- e algumas ideias sobre como nos livrar da espiral plástica.
- Artist and activist
Dianna Cohen co-founded the Plastic Pollution Coalition, which is working to help end our cycle of plastics use. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
I'm a visual artist,
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Sou uma artista visual,
00:17
and I'm also one of the co-founders of the Plastic Pollution Coalition.
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e também uma das co-fundadoras da Coalizão Poluição do Plástico.
00:20
I've been working with plastic bags,
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Tenho trabalhado com sacos plásticos,
00:23
which I cut up and sew back together as my primary material for my artwork
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os quais recorto e costuro como matéria-prima básica do meu trabalho
00:26
for the last 20 years.
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nos últimos 20 anos.
00:28
I turn them into two and three-dimensional pieces
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Os transformo em peças de duas -- e três dimensões
00:31
and sculptures and installations.
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e esculturas e instalações.
00:34
Upon working with the plastic, after about the first eight years,
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Tendo trabalhado com plástico, após os primeiros oito anos,
00:37
some of my work started to fissure
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alguns dos meu trabalhos começaram a rachar
00:39
and break down into smaller little bits of plastic.
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e a quebrar em pequenos pedaços de plástico.
00:43
And I thought, "Great.
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E pensei, "Ótimo.
00:45
It's ephemeral just like us."
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É efêmero como nós."
00:48
Upon educating myself a little further about plastics,
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Após me educar um pouco mais sobre plásticos,
00:51
I actually realized this was a bad thing.
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na verdade percebi que era uma coisa ruim.
00:54
It's a bad thing that plastic breaks down into smaller little bits,
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É ruim que o plástico se quebre em pedacinhos menores,
00:57
because it's always still plastic.
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porque continua sendo plástico.
00:59
And what we're finding
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E o que estamos descobrindo
01:01
is that a lot of it is in the marine environment.
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é que há um monte dele no ambiente marinho.
01:03
I then, in the last few years,
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Então, nos últimos anos,
01:05
learned about the Pacific garbage patch and the gyre.
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aprendi sobre a mancha de lixo no Pacífico e a espiral.
01:08
And my initial reaction --
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E minha reação inicial –
01:10
and I think this is a lot of people's first reaction
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e penso que seja a reação de muitas pessoas
01:12
to learning about it --
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quando aprendem sobre isso --
01:14
is, "Oh my God!
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é, "Oh meu Deus!
01:16
We've got to go out there and clean this thing up."
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Temos que ir lá e limpar essa coisa."
01:18
So I actually developed a proposal
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Na verdade desenvolvi uma proposta
01:20
to go out with a cargo ship
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de partir com um navio cargueiro
01:22
and two decommissioned fishing trawlers,
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e dois navios pesqueiros disponíveis,
01:24
a crane, a chipping machine
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um guindaste, uma cortadora
01:27
and a cold-molding machine.
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e uma máquina de moldagem a frio.
01:29
And my intention was to go out to the gyre,
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Minha intenção era ir até a espiral,
01:31
raise awareness about this issue
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atrair atenção sobre este problema,
01:33
and begin to pick up the plastic,
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e começar a recolher o plástico,
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chip it into little bits and cold mold it into bricks
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cortá-lo em pedacinhos e moldá-lo a frio em tijolos
01:38
that could potentially be used as building materials
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que poderiam ser usados como material de construção
01:41
in underdeveloped communities.
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em comunidades subdesenvolvidas.
01:45
I began talking with people
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Comecei a falar com pessoas
01:47
who actually had been out to the gyre
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que de fato tinham ido até a espiral
01:49
and were studying the plastic problem in the marine environment
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e estudaram o problema do plástico no ambiente marinho,
01:52
and upon doing so,
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e tendo feito isso,
01:55
I realized actually that cleaning it up
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percebi que na verdade a limpeza
01:57
would be a very small drop in the bucket
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seria uma pequena gota no oceano,
02:00
relative to how much is being generated
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em relação a quanto é gerado
02:02
every day around the world,
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todos os dias ao redor do mundo,
02:05
and that actually I needed to back up and look at the bigger picture.
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e que na verdade eu precisava recuar e olhar todo o cenário.
02:07
And the bigger picture is:
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E o cenário é:
02:09
we need to find a way to turn off the faucet.
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precisamos encontrar um modo de fechar a torneira.
02:12
We need to cut the spigot
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Precisamos conter a corrente
02:14
of single-use and disposable plastics,
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de plásticos descartáveis e de único uso,
02:16
which are entering the marine environment every day
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que estão entrando no ambiente marinho todos os dias
02:19
on a global scale.
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em escala global.
02:21
So in looking at that, I also realized that I was really angry.
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Em vista disso, também percebi que estava ficando furiosa.
02:24
I wasn't just concerned about plastic
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Não estava apenas preocupada com o plástico
02:27
that you're trying to imagine out in the middle of the Pacific Ocean --
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que vocês tentam imaginar no meio do Oceano Pacífico...
02:29
of which I have learned there are now
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do qual aprendi que existem agora
02:31
11 gyres, potentially, of plastic
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11 espirais, prováveis, de plástico
02:33
in five major oceans in the world.
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nos cinco maiores oceanos do mundo.
02:36
It's not just that gyre of plastic that I'm concerned about --
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Não é só apenas com a espiral de plástico que estou preocupada,
02:39
it's the gyre of plastic in the supermarket.
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é com a espiral de plástico no supermercado.
02:41
I'd go to the supermarket and all of my food is packaged in plastic.
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Vou ao supermercado, e toda minha comida é embalada em plástico.
02:44
All of my beverages are packaged in plastic,
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Todas as minhas bebidas são embaladas em plástico,
02:46
even at the health food market.
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até mesmo nas lojas de produtos naturais.
02:49
I'm also concerned about the plastic in the refrigerator,
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Também me preocupa o plástico no refrigerador,
02:52
and I'm concerned about the plastic and the toxins that leach from plastic
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e me preocupa o plástico e as toxinas que passam do plástico
02:55
into us and into our bodies.
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para nós e nossos corpos.
02:58
So I came together with a group of other people
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Então me juntei com um grupo de outras pessoas
03:00
who were all looking at this issue,
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que examinam esse problema,
03:02
and we created the Plastic Pollution Coalition.
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e criamos a Coalizão Poluição do Plástico.
03:05
We have many initiatives that we're working on,
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Temos muitas iniciativas em que trabalhamos,
03:07
but some of them are very basic.
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mas algumas delas são bem básicas.
03:09
One is: if 80 to 90 percent
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Uma é: se 80 a 90 por cento
03:12
of what we're finding in the ocean --
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do que encontramos no oceano –
03:14
of the marine debris that we're finding in the ocean -- is plastic,
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dos detritos marinhos que encontramos no oceano -- é plástico,
03:16
then why don't we call it what it is.
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então por que não dar o nome correto?
03:19
It's plastic pollution.
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É poluição plástica.
03:21
Recycling -- everybody kind of ends their books
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Reciclagem. Todo mundo que termina seus livros
03:24
about being sustainable and greening with the idea of recycling.
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sobre sustentabilidade e meio-ambiente com a ideia de reciclagem.
03:27
You put something in a bin and you don't have to think about it again.
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Você coloca algo em um saco, e não precisa mais pensar nisso de novo.
03:30
What is the reality of that?
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Qual é a realidade disso?
03:32
In the United States, less than seven percent of our plastics are recycled.
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Nos Estados Unidos, menos que sete por cento dos plásticos são reciclados.
03:35
And if you really look into it,
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E se você olhar com atenção,
03:37
particularly when it comes to plastic bottles,
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particularmente no que se refere às garrafas plásticas,
03:39
most of it is only down-cycled,
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a maior parte é somente despedaçada,
03:41
or incinerated, or shipped to China.
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ou incinerada, ou enviada para a China.
03:44
It is down-cycled and turned into lesser things,
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É despedaçada e transformada em coisas menores,
03:47
while a glass bottle can be a glass bottle again
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enquanto que uma garrafa de vidro pode ser ainda uma garrafa,
03:50
or can be used again --
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ou ser usada de novo,
03:52
a plastic bottle can never be a plastic bottle again.
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uma garrafa plástica jamais poderá ser uma garrafa de novo.
03:55
So this is a big issue for us.
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Este é um grande problema para nós.
03:57
Another thing that we're looking at and asking people to think about
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Uma outra coisa que estamos estudando e pedindo as pessoas para refletir
04:00
is we've added a fourth R
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é sobre adicionar um quarto R
04:03
onto the front
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antes dos três R's de
04:05
of the "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle," three R's,
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Reduzir, Reutilizar, Reciclar,
04:07
and that is refuse.
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que seria recusar.
04:09
Whenever possible, refuse single-use and disposable plastics.
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Sempre que possível, recusar plásticos de uso único ou descartáveis.
04:12
Alternatives exist;
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Alternativas existem.
04:14
some of them are very old-school.
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Algumas delas são bem antigas.
04:16
I myself am now collecting these cool Pyrex containers
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Eu mesma coleciono agora esses potes bacanas da Pyrex
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and using those instead of Glad and Tupperware containers
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e os uso ao invés dos potes tipo Tupperware
04:21
to store food in.
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para guardar comida.
04:23
And I know that I am doing a service
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E eu sei que estou prestando um serviço
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to myself and my family.
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a mim mesma e à minha família.
04:27
It's very easy to pick up a stainless-steel bottle
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É muito fácil comprar uma garrafa de aço inoxidável,
04:29
or a glass bottle,
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ou de vidro,
04:31
if you're traveling and you've forgotten to bring your stainless-steel bottle
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se você está viajando e esqueceu de trazer a sua garrafa de metal –
04:33
and fill that up with water or filtered water,
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e enchê-la com água, ou água filtrada,
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versus purchasing plastic bottled water.
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ao invés de comprar uma garrafa plástica.
04:39
I guess what I want to say to everybody here --
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Acho que o que quero dizer a todos aqui –
04:41
and I know that you guys know a lot about this issue --
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e sei que vocês sabem muito sobre esse assunto –
04:44
is that this is a huge problem in the oceans,
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é que este é um grande problema nos oceanos,
04:46
but this is a problem that we've created as consumers
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mas é um problema que criamos como consumidores
04:49
and we can solve.
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e que podemos resolver.
04:51
We can solve this by raising awareness of the issue
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Podemos resolvê-lo criando consciência do problema
04:54
and teaching people to choose alternatives.
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e ensinando as pessoas a escolher alternativas.
04:57
So whenever possible, to choose alternatives
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Sempre que possível, escolher alternativas
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to single-use plastics.
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ao plásticos de uso único.
05:01
We can cut the stem -- tide the stem of this
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Podemos interromper o fluxo – conter o fluxo disto
05:03
into our oceans
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para nossos oceanos,
05:05
and in doing so,
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e assim fazendo,
05:07
save our oceans, save our planet, save ourselves.
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salvar nossos oceanos, salvar nosso planeta e a nós mesmos.
05:10
Thank you. (Applause)
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Obrigada.
Translated by Lisangelo Berti
Reviewed by Nadja Nathan

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dianna Cohen - Artist and activist
Dianna Cohen co-founded the Plastic Pollution Coalition, which is working to help end our cycle of plastics use.

Why you should listen

Dianna Cohen is the co-founder of the Plastic Pollution Coalition, a group that addresses the pervasive problem of plastic pollution. She was inspired to co-found the group by her work as an artist -- because her chosen material is the ubiquitous plastic bag. She writes: "Having worked with the plastic bag as my primary material for the past fifteen years, all of the obvious references to recycling, first-world culture, class, high and low art give way to an almost formal process which reflects the unique flexibility of the medium."

With the Plastic Pollution Coalition, she helps to raise awareness of ocean waste -- the majority of which is nondegradable plastic -- and everyday strategies to cut down the amount of plastic we use and throw away.

More profile about the speaker
Dianna Cohen | Speaker | TED.com

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