TEDxHouston
Dan Phillips: Creative houses from reclaimed stuff
Den Filips: Kreativne kuće od recikliranih stvari
Filmed:
Readability: 3.4
1,315,406 views
U ovom duhovitom i pronicljivom predavanju iz TEDxHjouston Den Filips nam predstavlja desetak kuća koje je sagradio u Teksasu koristeći sa neobuzdanom kreativnošću reciklirane i upotrebljene materijale. Sjajni, tehnološki jednostavni detalji osvežiće vaš sopstveni kreativni nagon.
Dan Phillips - Builder
Dan Phillips builds homes out of recycled and reclaimed materials in Huntsville, Texas. Full bio
Dan Phillips builds homes out of recycled and reclaimed materials in Huntsville, Texas. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
(Applause)
0
1000
6000
(Aplauz)
00:22
Thank you very much.
1
7000
2000
Hvala najlepše.
00:24
I have a few pictures,
2
9000
2000
Imam nekoliko slika,
00:26
and I'll talk a little bit about
3
11000
2000
i govoriću malo o tome
00:28
how I'm able to do what I do.
4
13000
2000
na koji način uspevam da radim to što radim.
00:30
All these houses are built
5
15000
2000
Sve ove kuće sagrađene su
00:32
from between 70 and 80 percent recycled material,
6
17000
3000
70 do 80 posto od recikliranog materijala,
00:35
stuff that was headed to the mulcher, the landfill, the burn pile.
7
20000
3000
od stvari koje su bile na putu za uništavanje, deponiju, spaljivanje.
00:38
It was all just gone.
8
23000
2000
Sve je to već bilo otišlo.
00:40
This is the first house I built.
9
25000
2000
Ovo je prva kuća koju sam sagradio.
00:42
This double front door here with the three-light transom
10
27000
3000
Ova dupla ulazna vrata sa nadvratnikom od tri okna,
00:45
that was headed to the landfill.
11
30000
2000
bila su na putu za deponiju.
00:47
Have a little turret there.
12
32000
2000
Ovde imam jednu malu kulu.
00:49
And then these buttons on the corbels here.
13
34000
3000
A ovi ukrasi ovde na konzolama --
00:52
Right there --
14
37000
2000
evo ovde --
00:54
those are hickory nuts.
15
39000
2000
to su hikori orasi.
00:56
And these buttons there --
16
41000
2000
A ovi ukrasi ovde,
00:58
those are chicken eggs.
17
43000
2000
to su kokošija jaja.
01:00
Of course, first you have breakfast,
18
45000
3000
Naravno, prvo doručkujete,
01:03
and then you fill the shell full of Bondo and paint it and nail it up,
19
48000
3000
pa onda napunite ljusku Bondo masom i obojite je i prikucate,
01:06
and you have an architectural button
20
51000
2000
i tako dobijete arhitektonski ukras
01:08
in just a fraction of the time.
21
53000
2000
za tili čas.
01:10
Then, this is a look at the inside.
22
55000
2000
Ovo je pogled unutra.
01:12
You can see the three-light transom there
23
57000
2000
Ovde se vidi nadvratnik sa tri okna
01:14
with the eyebrow windows --
24
59000
2000
sa lučnim prozorima --
01:16
certainly an architectural antique
25
61000
2000
svakako arhitektonski antikvitet
01:18
headed to the landfill.
26
63000
2000
na putu za deponiju.
01:20
Even the lockset is probably worth 200 dollars.
27
65000
2000
Verovatno samo okov vredi 200 dolara.
01:22
Everything in the kitchen was salvaged.
28
67000
2000
Sve u kuhinji je od upotrebljenih stvari.
01:24
There's a 1952 O'Keefe & Merritt stove,
29
69000
2000
Evo šporeta O'Keefe & Merritt iz 1952 godine,
01:26
if you like to cook -- cool stove.
30
71000
3000
ako volite da kuvate – odličan šporet.
01:29
This is going up into the turret.
31
74000
2000
Ovuda se penje ka kuli.
01:31
I got that staircase for 20 dollars,
32
76000
3000
Dobio sam ovo stepenište za 20 dolara,
01:34
including delivery to my lot.
33
79000
3000
Uključujući tu i dostavu na plac.
01:37
(Laughter)
34
82000
3000
(Smeh)
01:40
Then, looking up in the turret,
35
85000
2000
Onda, kada pogledate naviše u kupoli,
01:42
you see there are bulges and pokes and sags and so forth.
36
87000
3000
vidite da ima izbočina i rupa i delova koji vise.
01:45
Well, if that ruins your life,
37
90000
2000
Ako bi vam takve stvari upropastile život,
01:47
well then you shouldn't live there.
38
92000
2000
onda ne bi trebalo da živite ovde.
01:49
(Laughter)
39
94000
2000
(Smeh)
01:51
This is a laundry chute,
40
96000
2000
Ovo služi za odlaganje prljavog veša.
01:53
and this right here is a shoe last.
41
98000
3000
A ovo ovde je kalup za cipele.
01:56
And those are those cast-iron things you see at antique shops.
42
101000
2000
A ovo su one stvari od kovanog gvožđa koje viđate po antikvarnicama.
01:58
So I had one of those,
43
103000
2000
Tako sam uzeo jednu od njih,
02:00
so I made some low-tech gadgetry, there,
44
105000
2000
i napravio jednu jednostavnu napravu
02:02
where you just stomp on the shoe last
45
107000
2000
kada stanete na kalup za cipele
02:04
and then the door flies open, you throw your laundry down.
46
109000
3000
vrata se otvaraju i prljav veš pada dole.
02:07
And then if you're smart enough, it goes on a basket on top of the washer.
47
112000
3000
Ako ste dovoljno pametni pada pravo u korpu koja stoji na veš-mašini.
02:10
If not, it goes into the toilet.
48
115000
3000
Ako niste, pada u wc-šolju.
02:13
(Laughter)
49
118000
2000
(Smeh)
02:15
This is a bathtub I made,
50
120000
2000
Ovo je kada koju sam napravio
02:17
made out of scrap two-by-four here.
51
122000
2000
od odbačenih dasaka.
02:19
Started with a rim there
52
124000
2000
Prvo sam napravio ovu ivicu
02:21
and then glued and nailed it up into a flat,
53
126000
2000
a onda lepio i zakucavao do ravnog dela,
02:23
corbelled it up and flipped it over,
54
128000
2000
podupro je i okrenuo,
02:25
then did the two profiles on this side.
55
130000
2000
pa napravio profile na ovoj strani.
02:27
It's a two-person tub.
56
132000
2000
To je kada za dvoje.
02:29
After all, it's not just a question of hygiene,
57
134000
3000
Na kraju krajeva, nije to samo pitanje higijene,
02:32
but there's a possibility of recreation as well.
58
137000
2000
nego ima mogućnosti i za rekreaciju.
02:34
(Laughter)
59
139000
3000
(Smeh)
02:37
Then, this faucet here
60
142000
3000
Onda ova slavina
02:40
is just a piece of Osage Orange.
61
145000
2000
ona je od drveta biljke Maclura pomifera.
02:42
It looks a little phallic,
62
147000
2000
Izgleda pomalo falusno,
02:44
but after all, it's a bathroom.
63
149000
2000
ali, na kraju krajeva, ipak je to kupatilo.
02:46
(Laughter)
64
151000
3000
(Smeh)
02:49
Then, this is a house based on a Budweiser can.
65
154000
2000
Ovo je kuća koja se zasniva na Badvajzer limenci.
02:51
It doesn't look like a can of beer,
66
156000
2000
Ne izgleda kao limenka piva,
02:53
but the design take-offs are absolutely unmistakable.
67
158000
2000
ali je uticaj u dizajnu nepogrešiv.
02:55
The barley hops design worked up into the eaves,
68
160000
3000
Motiv sa ječmom i hmeljom pojavljuje se na strehama,
02:58
then the dentil work comes directly off the can's red, white, blue and silver.
69
163000
4000
Zupčasta šara je potekla direktno od boja na limenci, crvene, bele, plave i srebrne.
03:02
Then, these corbeles going down underneath the eaves
70
167000
2000
Ove konzolice dole ispod strehe
03:04
are that little design that comes off the can.
71
169000
2000
iste su kao i na crtežu na limenci
03:06
I just put a can on a copier
72
171000
2000
Samo sam ubacio limenku u kopir-mašinu
03:08
and kept enlarging it until I got the size I want.
73
173000
3000
i nastavio da uvećavam dok nisam dobio veličinu koja mi odgovara.
03:11
Then, on the can it says,
74
176000
2000
Onda, na limenci piše,
03:13
"This is the famous Budweiser beer, we know of no other beer, blah, blah, blah."
75
178000
4000
“Ovo je čuveno Budweiser pivo, mi ne znamo za drugo pivo, bla bla bla.”
03:17
So we changed that and put, "This is the famous Budweiser house.
76
182000
3000
Mi smo to promenili i napisali, “Ovo je čuvena Budweiser kuća.”
03:20
We don't know of any other house," and so forth and so on.
77
185000
3000
“Mi ne znamo za drugu kuću,” i tako dalje.
03:23
Then, this is a deadbolt. It's a fence from a 1930s shaper,
78
188000
2000
A ovo je brava. To je graničnik sa struga iz 1930-tih,
03:25
which is a very angry woodworking machine.
79
190000
3000
opasne mašine za obradu drveta.
03:28
And they gave me the fence, but they didn't give me the shaper,
80
193000
3000
Dali su mi graničnik ali mi nisu dali i strug,
03:31
so we made a deadbolt out of it.
81
196000
2000
tako da smo od toga napravili bravu.
03:33
That'll keep bull elephants out, I promise.
82
198000
2000
To će sprečiti slonove da uđu, to vam garantujem.
03:35
And sure enough, we've had no problems with bull elephants.
83
200000
3000
Jasno je naravno da u međuvremenu nismo imali problema sa slonovima.
03:38
(Laughter)
84
203000
2000
(Smeh)
03:40
The shower is intended to simulate a glass of beer.
85
205000
3000
Tuš kabina bi trebalo da izgleda kao čaša piva.
03:43
We've got bubbles going up there, then suds at the top with lumpy tiles.
86
208000
3000
Imamo mehuriće koji se penju gore, do vrha sa kvrgavim pločicama.
03:46
Where do you get lumpy tiles? Well, of course, you don't.
87
211000
3000
Gde da nađete kvrgave pločice? Nigde, naravno.
03:49
But I get a lot of toilets, and so you just dispatch a toilet with a hammer,
88
214000
3000
Ali ja dobijam dosta wc-šolja; samo treba da razbijete šolju čekićem,
03:52
and then you have lumpy tiles.
89
217000
3000
I eto vam kvrgavih pločica.
03:55
And then the faucet, there,
90
220000
2000
A ova slavina je
03:57
is a beer tap.
91
222000
2000
slavina za točenje piva.
03:59
(Laughter)
92
224000
2000
(Smeh)
04:01
Then, this panel of glass
93
226000
2000
Ovo staklo
04:03
is the same panel of glass
94
228000
2000
je isto ono staklo
04:05
that occurs in every middle-class front door in America.
95
230000
3000
koje ćete naći na svakim ulaznim vratima srednje klase u Americi.
04:08
We're getting tired of it. It's kind of cliched now.
96
233000
3000
Dosadilo nam je to staklo; postalo je kliše.
04:11
So if you put it in the front door, your design fails.
97
236000
3000
Tako da, ako ga stavite na ulazna vrata, kreacija vam je propala.
04:14
So don't put it in the front door; put it somewhere else.
98
239000
2000
Zato ga ne postavljajte na ulazna vrata, postavite ga na neko drugo mesto.
04:16
It's a pretty panel of glass.
99
241000
2000
To je lepo staklo.
04:18
But then if you put it in the front door,
100
243000
2000
Ali ako ga stavite na ulazna vrata,
04:20
people say, "Oh, you're trying to be like those guys, and you didn't make it."
101
245000
3000
ljudi će reći, “Aha, pokušavate njih da imitirate, ali nije vam uspelo.”
04:23
So don't put it there.
102
248000
2000
Zato ga ne stavljajte tamo.
04:26
Then, another bathroom upstairs.
103
251000
2000
Još jedno kupatilo na spratu.
04:28
This light up here is the same light that occurs
104
253000
3000
Ova svetiljka je ista ona svetiljka koja stoji
04:31
in every middle-class foyer in America.
105
256000
2000
u svakom foajeu srednje klase u Americi.
04:33
Don't put it in the foyer.
106
258000
2000
Ne stavljajte je u foaje.
04:35
Put it in the shower, or in the closet,
107
260000
2000
stavite je u tuš kabinu, ili u plakar,
04:37
but not in the foyer.
108
262000
2000
Ali ne u foaje.
04:40
Then, somebody gave me a bidet, so it got a bidet.
109
265000
3000
Onda mi je neko poklonio bide, tako da kupatilo ima i bide.
04:43
(Laughter)
110
268000
3000
(Smeh)
04:46
This little house here,
111
271000
2000
Ova kućica ovde,
04:48
those branches there are made out of Bois D'arc or Osage Orange,
112
273000
3000
ove grane su napravljene od drveta biljke Maclura pomifera
04:51
and these pictures will keep scrolling
113
276000
2000
ove slike će se vrteti
04:53
as I talk a little bit.
114
278000
2000
dok ja pričam.
04:55
In order to do what I do,
115
280000
2000
Da biste radili ono što ja radim,
04:57
you have to understand
116
282000
2000
morate da razumete
04:59
what causes waste in the building industry.
117
284000
2000
kako nastaje otpad u građevinskoj industriji.
05:01
Our housing has become a commodity,
118
286000
3000
Naše kuće postale su potrošna roba,
05:04
and I'll talk a little bit about that.
119
289000
2000
i ja ću malo pričati o tome.
05:06
But the first cause of waste is probably even buried in our DNA.
120
291000
3000
Ali osnovni uzrok stvaranja otpada verovatno je deo naše DNK.
05:09
Human beings have a need for maintaining consistency
121
294000
2000
Ljudskim bićima potrebna je doslednost
05:11
of the apperceptive mass.
122
296000
2000
zbog aperceptivne mase.
05:13
What does that mean?
123
298000
2000
Šta to znači?
05:15
What it means is, for every perception we have,
124
300000
2000
To znači da svaki naš opažaj
05:17
it needs to tally with the one like it before,
125
302000
2000
mora da se uporedi sa njemu sličnim opažajem od ranije
05:19
or we don't have continuity,
126
304000
2000
u suprotnom nemamo kontinuitet
05:21
and we become a little bit disoriented.
127
306000
2000
i postajemo blago dezorijentisani.
05:23
So I can show you an object you've never seen before.
128
308000
3000
Pokazaću vam nešto što nikada ranije niste videli.
05:26
Oh, that's a cell phone.
129
311000
2000
Aaaa, to je mobilni telefon.
05:28
But you've never seen this one before.
130
313000
3000
Ali baš ovaj niste nikada ranije videli.
05:31
What you're doing
131
316000
2000
Ono što radite
05:33
is sizing up the pattern of structural features here,
132
318000
2000
jeste poređenje obrasca strukturnih odlika
05:35
and then you go through your databanks -- brrrr, cell phone.
133
320000
3000
a onda prođete kroz svoju bazu podataka – drrrrr, mobilni telefon.
05:38
Oh, that's a cell phone.
134
323000
2000
Aha, da, to je mobilni telefon.
05:40
If I took a bite out of it,
135
325000
2000
Ako bih ga zagrizao,
05:42
you'd go, "Wait a second.
136
327000
3000
Rekli biste, “Čekaj malo.
05:45
That's not a cell phone.
137
330000
2000
Nije to mobilni telefon.
05:47
That's one of those new chocolate cell phones."
138
332000
2000
To je onaj novi čokoladni mobilni telefon.”
05:49
(Laughter)
139
334000
2000
(Smeh)
05:51
And you'd have to start a new category,
140
336000
2000
I morali biste da napravite novu kategoriju,
05:53
right between cell phones and chocolate.
141
338000
2000
nešto između mobilnih telefona i čokolade.
05:55
That's how we process information.
142
340000
3000
Na taj način mi obrađujemo podatke.
05:58
So you translate that to the building industry,
143
343000
2000
Kada to prevedete na građevinsku industriju
06:00
if we have a wall of windowpanes and one pane is cracked,
144
345000
2000
ako imamo zid od stakla i jedno od stakala je naprslo,
06:02
we go, "Oh, dear. That's cracked. Let's repair it.
145
347000
3000
odmah pomislimo, “Uh, to je polomljeno. Treba da se popravi.”
06:05
Let's take it out. Throw it away so nobody can use it and put a new one in."
146
350000
3000
Daj da to sklonimo i bacimo da niko više ne može da ga koristi, i da ugradimo novo.”
06:08
Because that's what you do with a cracked pane.
147
353000
3000
Jer to je ono što se radi sa naprslim staklima.
06:11
Never mind that it doesn't affect our lives at all.
148
356000
3000
Bez obzira na to što to nema uticaja na naše živote.
06:14
It only rattles that expected pattern
149
359000
2000
To samo protrese taj očekivani obrazac
06:16
and unity of structural features.
150
361000
3000
i jedinstvo strukturalnih karakteristika.
06:19
However, if we took a small hammer,
151
364000
2000
Ali, ako bismo uzeli omanji čekić,
06:21
and we added cracks to all the other windows,
152
366000
3000
i dodali naprsline na sve ostale prozore,
06:24
then we have a pattern.
153
369000
3000
imali bismo novi obrazac.
06:27
Because Gestalt Psychology emphasizes recognition of pattern
154
372000
3000
Jer geštalt psihologija naglašava prepoznavanje obrasca, celine,
06:30
over parts that comprise a pattern.
155
375000
2000
pre delova koji sačinjavaju celinu.
06:32
We'll go, "Ooh, that's nice."
156
377000
2000
Onda ćemo pomisliti, “A, baš je to lepo.”
06:34
So, that serves me every day.
157
379000
3000
Time se služim svaki dan.
06:37
Repetition creates pattern.
158
382000
2000
Ponavljanje stvara obrazac.
06:39
If I have a hundred of these, a hundred of those,
159
384000
2000
Ako imam stotinu komada ovoga ili onoga,
06:41
it doesn't make any difference what these and those are.
160
386000
2000
uopšte nije važno šta su “ovo” ili “ono.”
06:43
If I can repeat anything, I have the possibility of a pattern
161
388000
3000
Ako mogu da ponovim bilo šta, imam mogućnost da stvorim obrazac,
06:46
from hickory nuts and chicken eggs, shards of glass, branches.
162
391000
3000
od hikori oraha, kokošijih jaja, delića slomljenog stakla, granja.
06:49
It doesn't make any difference.
163
394000
2000
Nevažno je od čega.
06:51
That causes a lot of waste in the building industry.
164
396000
2000
To prouzrokuje gomilu otpada u građevinskoj industriji.
06:53
Second is, Friedrich Nietzsche along about 1885
165
398000
3000
Drugo, negde oko 1885. Fridrih Niče
06:56
wrote a book titled "The Birth of Tragedy."
166
401000
3000
napisao je knjigu “Rođenje tragedije.”
06:59
And in there he said
167
404000
2000
I u njoj je rekao
07:01
that cultures tend to swing between one of two perspectives.
168
406000
2000
da kulture imaju tendenciju da osciliraju između dve različite perspektive.
07:03
On the one hand, we have an Apollonian perspective,
169
408000
3000
S jedne strane imamo apolonsku perpektivu,
07:06
which is very crisp and premeditated
170
411000
2000
koja je veoma čvrsta i unapred osmišljena
07:08
and intellectualized
171
413000
2000
i intelektualizovana
07:10
and perfect.
172
415000
3000
i savršena.
07:13
On the other end of the spectrum, we have a Dionysian perspective,
173
418000
3000
Na drugom kraju spektra imamo dionizijsku perspektivu,
07:16
which is more given to the passions and intuition,
174
421000
3000
koja je sklonija strastima i intuiciji,
07:19
tolerant of organic texture and human gesture.
175
424000
3000
koja toleriše organsku teksturu ii ljudski gest.
07:22
So the way the Apollonian personality takes a picture,
176
427000
3000
Način na koji bi apolonski tip ličnosti uzeo sliku,
07:25
or hangs a picture,
177
430000
2000
ili okačio sliku,
07:27
is they'll get out a transit
178
432000
2000
je da uzme teodolit
07:29
and a laser level and a micrometer.
179
434000
3000
i laser i vaservagu i mikrometar.
07:32
"Okay, honey. A thousandth of an inch to the left.
180
437000
2000
“Važi dušo, pomeri je jedan hiljaditi deo inča ulevo.
07:34
That's where we want the picture. Right. Perfect."
181
439000
2000
To je mesto gde hoćemo sliku. Bravo. Savršeno.”
07:36
Predicated on plumb level, square and centered.
182
441000
3000
Zasnovana na preciznoj horizontali, tačnom pravom uglu i centriranju.
07:39
The Dionysian personality
183
444000
2000
Dionizijski tip ličnosti
07:41
takes the picture and goes ...
184
446000
3000
uzme sliku i kaže…
07:44
(Laughter)
185
449000
4000
(Smeh)
07:48
That's the difference.
186
453000
2000
U tome je razlika.
07:50
I feature blemish.
187
455000
2000
Ja ističem nesavršenost.
07:52
I feature organic process.
188
457000
2000
Ističem organski process --
07:54
Dead-center John Dewey.
189
459000
3000
Džon Djui tačno u centru.
07:57
Apollonian mindset creates mountains of waste.
190
462000
3000
Apolonski način razmišljanja stvara gomile otpada.
08:00
If something isn't perfect,
191
465000
2000
Ako nešto nije savršeno,
08:02
if it doesn't line up with that premeditated model, dumpster.
192
467000
3000
ako ne odgovara savršeno unapred zamišljenom modelu, pravac đubre.
08:05
"Oops, scratch, dumpster."
193
470000
2000
“O ne, ogrebotina, za đubre.
08:07
"Oops" this, "oops" that. "Landfill. Landfill. Landfill."
194
472000
3000
O ne - ovo, o ne - ono. Deponija, deponija, deponija.”
08:10
The third thing is arguably --
195
475000
3000
Treće, moguće je tvrditi --
08:13
the Industrial Revolution started in the Renaissance
196
478000
2000
da je industrijska revolucija počela još za vreme renesanse
08:15
with the rise of humanism,
197
480000
2000
sa usponom humanizma
08:17
then got a little jump-start along about the French Revolution.
198
482000
3000
a onda se zahuktala negde u vreme francuske revolucije.
08:20
By the middle of the 19th century, it's in full flower.
199
485000
2000
Do sredine 19. veka u punom je procvatu.
08:22
And we have dumaflages and gizmos
200
487000
3000
I tako smo dobili džidža-bidže i stvarčice
08:25
and contraptions that will do anything
201
490000
3000
i spravice koje mogu da rade sve
08:28
that we, up to that point,
202
493000
2000
što smo, do tog trenutka,
08:30
had to do my hand.
203
495000
2000
morali da radimo ručno.
08:32
So now we have standardized materials.
204
497000
2000
Tako sada imamo standardizovane materijale.
08:34
Well, trees don't grow two inches by four inches,
205
499000
3000
Drveće ne raste u dimenzijama dva inča puta četiri inča
08:37
eight, ten and twelve feet tall.
206
502000
2000
i osam, deset i dvanaest stopa u visinu.
08:39
We create mountains of waste.
207
504000
2000
Mi stvaramo gomile otpada.
08:41
And they're doing a pretty good job
208
506000
2000
A iako se prilično dobro snalaze
08:43
there in the forest,
209
508000
2000
u šumama,
08:45
working all the byproduct of their industry --
210
510000
2000
trudeći se da iskoriste sav otpad od proizvodnje --
08:47
with OSB and particle board and so forth and so on --
211
512000
3000
sa OSB pločama i ivericom i tako dalje --
08:50
but it does no good
212
515000
2000
ali ne pomaže
08:52
to be responsible at the point of harvest in the forest
213
517000
3000
da se bude odgovoran u trenutku kada se drvo seče u šumi
08:55
if consumers are wasting the harvest at the point of consumption,
214
520000
3000
ako potrošači rasipnički upotrebljavaju drvo u trenutku kada ga konačno koriste,
08:58
and that's what's happening.
215
523000
2000
a to je ono što se događa.
09:00
And so if something isn't standard,
216
525000
2000
I tako ako nešto nije standardno,
09:02
"Oops, dumpster." "Oops" this. "Oops, warped."
217
527000
3000
“O ne, pravac đubre. O ne, ovo ili ono. O ne, iskrivljeno je.”
09:05
If you buy a two-by-four and it's not straight,
218
530000
2000
Ako kupite dasku od 2x4 i ona nije ravna,
09:07
you can take it back.
219
532000
2000
možete da je vratite.
09:09
"Oh, I'm so sorry, sir. We'll get you a straight one."
220
534000
2000
“O, žao mi je, gospodine. Donećemo vam ravnu.”
09:11
Well I feature all those warped things
221
536000
3000
Ja upotrebljavam i ističem sve te iskrivljene stvari,
09:14
because repetition creates pattern,
222
539000
2000
jer ponavljanje stvara obrazac,
09:16
and it's from a Dionysian perspective.
223
541000
2000
i to je dionizijska perspektiva.
09:18
The fourth thing
224
543000
2000
Četvrto
09:20
is labor is disproportionately more expensive than materials.
225
545000
3000
rad je neproporcionalno skuplji od materijala.
09:23
Well, that's just a myth.
226
548000
2000
To je naprosto mit.
09:25
And here's a story: Jim Tulles, one of the guys I trained,
227
550000
3000
Evo jedne priče: o Džimu Tulu, jednom od momaka koje sam obučavao.
09:28
I said, "Jim, it's time now.
228
553000
2000
Rekao sam mu: Džime, vreme je.
09:30
I got a job for you as a foreman on a framing crew. It's time for you to go."
229
555000
3000
Našao sam ti posao nadzornika za ekipu stolara. Vreme je da odeš.”
09:33
"Dan, I just don't think I'm ready."
230
558000
2000
“Den, mislim da još nisam spreman.”
09:35
"Jim, now it's time. You're the down, oh."
231
560000
3000
“Džime, vreme je. Ovo ti je šansa.”
09:38
So we hired on.
232
563000
2000
I tako smo počeli posao.
09:40
And he was out there with his tape measure
233
565000
2000
On je dolazio sa metarskom trakom
09:42
going through the trash heap, looking for header material,
234
567000
2000
preturao po gomili za otpad, tražeći materijal za nadvratnik --
09:44
which is the board that goes over a door,
235
569000
2000
to je daska koja se stavlja iznad vrata --
09:46
thinking he'd impress his boss -- that's how we taught him to do it.
236
571000
2000
misleći da će oduševiti svog šefa – tako smo ga mi učili.
09:48
And the superintendent walked up and said, "What are you doing?"
237
573000
3000
Ali poslovođa je prišao i rekao, “Šta to radiš?”
09:51
"Oh, just looking for some header material,"
238
576000
2000
“Samo tražim nešto za nadvratnik,”
09:53
waiting for that kudos.
239
578000
2000
očekujući da bude pohvaljen.
09:55
He said, "No, no. I'm not paying you to go through the trash. Get back to work."
240
580000
3000
Ali on je rekao, “Ne, ne. Ne plaćam te da preturaš po đubretu. Vraćaj se na posao.”
09:58
And he had the wherewithal to say,
241
583000
2000
A on je bio dovoljno priseban da kaže,
10:00
he said, "You know, if you were paying me
242
585000
2000
“Znate, da me plaćate
10:02
300 dollars an hour,
243
587000
2000
300 dolara na sat,
10:04
I can see how you might say that,
244
589000
2000
razumeo bih kako to možete da kažete,
10:06
but right now, I'm saving you five dollars a minute.
245
591000
3000
ali u ovim okolnostima, ja vam štedim pet dolara svakog minuta.
10:09
Do the math."
246
594000
2000
Izračunajte sami.”
10:11
(Laughter)
247
596000
2000
(Smeh)
10:13
"Good call, Tulles. From now on, you guys hit this pile first."
248
598000
3000
“Bravo Tul. Od sada, pretražite prvo ovu gomilu.”
10:16
And the irony is that he wasn't very good at math.
249
601000
3000
A ironično je da on baš nije imao mnogo veze sa matematikom.
10:19
(Laughter)
250
604000
3000
(Smeh)
10:22
But once in a while you get access to the control room,
251
607000
2000
Ali ponekad dobijete pristup kontrolnoj sobi,
10:24
and then you can kind of mess with the dials.
252
609000
2000
i onda možete malo da brljate sa dugmićima.
10:26
And that's what happened there.
253
611000
3000
I to se tamo i dogodilo.
10:29
The fifth thing is that maybe, after 2,500 years,
254
614000
2000
Peto, možda i posle 2500 godina
10:31
Plato is still having his way with us in his notion of perfect forms.
255
616000
3000
Platon i dalje utiče na nas svojom idejom o idealnim formama.
10:34
He said that we have in our noggin
256
619000
2000
On je rekao da u svojoj tintari
10:36
the perfect idea of what we want,
257
621000
3000
imamo savršenu ideju onoga što želimo,
10:39
and we force environmental resources to accommodate that.
258
624000
3000
i da primoravamo prirodne resurse da se tome prilagode.
10:42
So we all have in our head the perfect house,
259
627000
2000
Svi u glavi imamo savršenu kuću,
10:44
the American dream, which is a house,
260
629000
2000
američki san, a to je kuća --
10:46
the dream house.
261
631000
2000
kuća snova.
10:48
The problem is we can't afford it.
262
633000
2000
Problem je što sebi ne možemo da je priuštimo.
10:50
So we have the American dream look-alike,
263
635000
2000
I zato imamo nešto što liči na američki san,
10:52
which is a mobile home.
264
637000
2000
a to je montažna kuća.
10:54
Now there's a blight on the planet.
265
639000
3000
Eto načina da se upropasti planeta.
10:57
It's a chattel mortgage,
266
642000
2000
Za njih je hipoteka kao za pokretnu imovinu
10:59
just like furniture, just like a car.
267
644000
2000
Baš kao i za nameštaj, ili automobil.
11:01
You write the check, and instantly it depreciates 30 percent.
268
646000
3000
Napišete ček, i vrednost istog trenutka pada za 30 procenata.
11:04
After a year, you can't get insurance on everything you have in it,
269
649000
2000
Posle godinu dana ne možete da dobijete osiguranje za sve što imate unutra,
11:06
only on 70 percent.
270
651000
2000
Već samo za 70 posto.
11:08
Wired with 14-gauge wire typically.
271
653000
2000
Električni kablovi su im tipično veličine 14.
11:10
Nothing wrong with that,
272
655000
2000
U tome nema ničeg lošeg,
11:12
unless you ask it to do what 12-gauge wire's supposed to do,
273
657000
2000
sem ako ih ne opterećujete za veličinu 12,
11:14
and that's what happens.
274
659000
2000
a upravo se to dešava.
11:16
It out-gasses formaldehyde so much so
275
661000
2000
Ispuštaju toliko formaldehida
11:18
that there is a federal law in place
276
663000
3000
da je donešen federalni zakon
11:21
to warn new mobile home buyers
277
666000
2000
kojim se kupci montažnih kuća
11:23
of the formaldehyde atmosphere danger.
278
668000
3000
upozoravaju na to koliko su formaldehidi opasni po atmosferu.
11:26
Are we just being numbingly stupid?
279
671000
2000
Zar je moguće da smo do te mere glupi?
11:28
The walls are this thick.
280
673000
2000
Zidovi su ovolicki.
11:30
The whole thing has the structural value of corn.
281
675000
3000
Cela stvar ima statičku otpornost kukuruza.
11:33
(Laughter)
282
678000
2000
(Smeh)
11:35
"So I thought Palm Harbor Village was over there."
283
680000
2000
“Mislio sam da je Palm Harbor Vilidž tamo preko.”
11:37
"No, no. We had a wind last night.
284
682000
2000
“A, ne, ne. Sinoć je duvao vetar.
11:39
It's gone now."
285
684000
2000
Tako da ga više nema.”
11:41
(Laughter)
286
686000
3000
(Smeh)
11:44
Then when they degrade, what do you do with them?
287
689000
3000
I kada počnu da propadaju, šta se sa njima radi?
11:47
Now, all that,
288
692000
2000
Sve to,
11:49
that Apollonian, Platonic model,
289
694000
3000
taj apolonski, platonski model,
11:52
is what the building industry is predicated on,
290
697000
3000
na tome se zasniva građevinska industrija,
11:55
and there are a number of things that exacerbate that.
291
700000
2000
i postoji nekoliko stvari koje to pogoršavaju.
11:57
One is that all the professionals,
292
702000
3000
Jedna je da svi stručnjaci,
12:00
all the tradesmen, vendors,
293
705000
2000
sve zanatlije, prodavci,
12:02
inspectors, engineers, architects
294
707000
2000
inspektori, inženjeri, arhitekte
12:04
all think like this.
295
709000
2000
svi oni razmišljaju na taj način.
12:06
And then it works its way back to the consumer,
296
711000
2000
A onda to povratno utiče i na potrošača
12:08
who demands the same model.
297
713000
2000
koji zahteva isti model.
12:10
It's a self-fulfilling prophecy. We can't get out of it.
298
715000
3000
To je proročanstvo koje obistinjava samo sebe. Ne možemo da ga izbegnemo.
12:13
Then here come the marketeers and the advertisers.
299
718000
3000
Onda dolaze marketing i reklama.
12:16
"Woo. Woohooo."
300
721000
2000
“Ohoo. Ooohohohoho.”
12:18
We buy stuff we didn't know we needed.
301
723000
3000
Kupujemo stvari za koje nismo ni znali da nam trebaju.
12:21
All we have to do is look at
302
726000
2000
Treba samo da pogledamo
12:23
what one company did with carbonated prune juice.
303
728000
2000
šta je jedna kompanija uradila sa gaziranim sokom od šljiva.
12:25
How disgusting.
304
730000
2000
Odvratno.
12:27
(Laughter)
305
732000
2000
(Smeh)
12:29
But you know what they did? They hooked a metaphor into it
306
734000
2000
Ali znate šta su oni uradili? Dodali su metaforu u sve to
12:31
and said, "I drink Dr. Pepper ..."
307
736000
2000
i rekli, “Ja pijem Dr. Pepper…”
12:33
And pretty soon, we're swilling that stuff by the lake-ful,
308
738000
3000
I ne prođe mnogo a mi ločemo more toga,
12:36
by the billions of gallons.
309
741000
2000
milijarde litara.
12:38
It doesn't even have real prunes. Doesn't even keep you regular.
310
743000
3000
Čak u njemu nema ni pravih šljiva – ne pomaže u redovnom pražnjenju.
12:41
(Laughter)
311
746000
2000
(Smeh)
12:43
My oh my, that makes it worse.
312
748000
2000
To pogoršava stvari.
12:45
And we get sucked into that faster than anything.
313
750000
3000
A uvuku nas u takve stvari dok si rekao keks.
12:48
Then a man named Jean-Paul Sartre wrote a book
314
753000
2000
Onda je čovek poi menu Žan Pol Sartr napisao knjigu
12:50
titled "Being and Nothingness."
315
755000
2000
pod naslovom “Biće i ništavilo.”
12:52
It's a pretty quick read.
316
757000
2000
Brzo se čita.
12:54
You can snap through it in maybe two years
317
759000
3000
Možete da je preletite za jedno dve godine,
12:57
if you read eight hours a day.
318
762000
3000
ako čitate osam sati dnevno.
13:00
In there he talked about the divided self.
319
765000
2000
U toj knjizi govorio je o podeljenom sopstvu.
13:02
He said human beings act differently when they know they're alone
320
767000
3000
Rekao je da se ljudska bića drugačije ponašaju kada znaju da su sama
13:05
than when they know somebody else is around.
321
770000
2000
nego kada znaju da ima još nekog.
13:07
So if I'm eating spaghetti, and I know I'm alone,
322
772000
3000
Ako jedem špagete, a znam da sam sam,
13:10
I can eat like a backhoe.
323
775000
2000
mogu da jedem kao divljak.
13:12
I can wipe my mouth on my sleeve, napkin on the table,
324
777000
3000
Mogu da brišem usta rukavom – dok je salveta na stolu,
13:15
chew with my mouth open, make little noises,
325
780000
3000
da žvaćem sa otvorenim ustima, da mljackam,
13:18
scratch wherever I want.
326
783000
2000
da se češem gde god hoću.
13:20
(Laughter)
327
785000
2000
(Smeh)
13:22
But as soon as you walk in,
328
787000
2000
Ali čim neko uđe,
13:24
I go, "Ooh. Spaghetti sauce there."
329
789000
2000
počinjem sa, “O, tu mi je kapnuo sos.”
13:26
Napkin in my lap, half bites,
330
791000
2000
Salveta je preko kolena, jedem u malim zalogajima,
13:28
chew with my mouth closed, no scratching.
331
793000
2000
zatvaram usta dok žvaćem, i nema češanja.
13:30
Now what I'm doing
332
795000
2000
Ono što radim
13:32
is fulfilling your expectations
333
797000
3000
jeste da ispunjavam vaša očekivanja
13:35
of how I should live my life.
334
800000
3000
o tome kako bi trebalo da živim svoj život.
13:38
I feel that expectation,
335
803000
2000
Ja osećam ta očekivanja,
13:40
and so I accommodate it,
336
805000
2000
i prilagođavam im se,
13:42
and I'm living my life according to what you expect me to do.
337
807000
3000
i živim svoj život u skladu sa onim što očekujete da radim.
13:45
That happens in the building industry as well.
338
810000
2000
To se dešava i u građevinskoj industriji.
13:47
That's why all of our subdivisions look the same.
339
812000
3000
Zato nam sva naselja izgledaju isto.
13:50
Sometimes we even have
340
815000
2000
Ponekad čak imamo
13:52
these formalized cultural expectations.
341
817000
2000
razna formalizovana očekivanja što se tiče ponašanja.
13:54
I'll bet all your shoes match.
342
819000
2000
Kladim se da vam se sve cipele slažu.
13:56
Sure enough, we all buy into that,
343
821000
3000
Naravno, svi na to pristajemo,
13:59
and with gated communities,
344
824000
3000
a kada se radi o naseljima zatvorenog tipa,
14:02
we have a formalized expectation
345
827000
2000
imamo formalizovano očekivanje
14:04
with a homeowners association.
346
829000
2000
od asocijacije investitora.
14:06
Sometimes those guys are Nazis,
347
831000
2000
Ti ljudi su ponekad nacisti,
14:08
my oh my.
348
833000
2000
jao jao.
14:11
That exacerbates and continues this model.
349
836000
3000
To pogoršava i produžava ovaj model.
14:14
The last thing is gregariousness.
350
839000
3000
Poslednja stvar je društvenost.
14:17
Human beings are a social species.
351
842000
2000
Ljudska bića su društvena vrsta.
14:19
We like to hang together in groups,
352
844000
2000
Volimo da provodimo vreme u grupama,
14:21
just like wildebeests, just like lions.
353
846000
2000
baš kao i antilope, kao i lavovi.
14:23
Wildebeests don't hang with lions
354
848000
2000
Antilope se ne druže sa lavovima
14:25
because lions eat wildebeests.
355
850000
2000
jer lavovi jedu antilope.
14:27
Human beings are like that.
356
852000
2000
I ljudska bića su takva.
14:29
We do what that group does
357
854000
2000
Radimo ono što radi grupa
14:31
that we're trying to identify with.
358
856000
2000
Sa kojom pokušavamo da se identifikujemo.
14:33
And so you see this in junior high a lot.
359
858000
3000
To se dosta primećuje u srednjim školama.
14:36
Those kids, they'll work all summer long,
360
861000
3000
Ta deca rade po celo leto,
14:39
kill themselves,
361
864000
2000
ubiju se od posla,
14:41
so that they can afford
362
866000
2000
da bi mogli sebi da priušte
14:43
one pair of designer jeans.
363
868000
2000
farmerke nekog poznatog dizajnera,
14:45
So along about September
364
870000
2000
tako da otprilike u septembru
14:47
they can stride in and go,
365
872000
2000
mogu da ušetaju i kažu,
14:49
"I'm important today.
366
874000
2000
“Danas sam važan.
14:51
See, look, don't touch my designer jeans.
367
876000
2000
Gle, pogledaj, ne diraj mi moje dizajnirane farmerke.
14:53
I see you don't have designer jeans.
368
878000
3000
Vidim da ti nemaš dizajnirane farmerke.
14:56
You're not one of the beautiful people.
369
881000
2000
Ti nisi jedan od zgodnih ljudi.
14:58
See, I'm one of the beautiful people. See my jeans?"
370
883000
3000
Vidiš, ja sam jedan od zgodnih. Vidiš mi farmerke?”
15:01
Right there is reason enough to have uniforms.
371
886000
3000
Samo to je dovoljan razlog da se uvedu uniforme.
15:04
And so that happens in the building industry as well.
372
889000
3000
A to se dešava i u građevinskoj industriji.
15:07
We have confused
373
892000
2000
Pobrkali smo
15:09
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
374
894000
2000
Maslovljevu hijerarhiju potreba
15:11
just a little bit.
375
896000
2000
pomalo.
15:13
On the bottom tier
376
898000
2000
Na dnu
15:15
we have basic needs --
377
900000
2000
imamo osnovne potrebe --
15:17
shelter, clothing, food, water, mating and so forth.
378
902000
3000
zaklon, odeću, hranu, vodu, parenje i tako dalje.
15:20
Second, security. Third, relationships.
379
905000
3000
Drugo, sigurnost. Treće, veze.
15:23
Fourth, status, self-esteem -- that is, vanity.
380
908000
3000
Četvrto, status, samopoštovanje – to je taština.
15:26
And we're taking vanity and shoving it down here.
381
911000
3000
A mi uzimamo taštinu i premeštamo je ovde dole.
15:29
And so we end up
382
914000
3000
I tako završimo
15:32
with vain decisions
383
917000
2000
sa odlukama donetim iz nadmenosti
15:34
and we can't even afford our mortgage.
384
919000
2000
i onda ne možemo da platimo ratu kredita,
15:36
We can't even afford to eat anything except beans.
385
921000
3000
ne možemo sebi da dozvolimo ni da jedemo išta osim pasulja.
15:39
That is, our housing
386
924000
2000
To znači da je naše stanovanje
15:41
has become a commodity.
387
926000
2000
postalo roba
15:43
And it takes a little bit of nerve
388
928000
3000
i potrebno je imati petlju
15:46
to dive into those primal,
389
931000
3000
da se zaroni u te primalne,
15:49
terrifying parts of ourselves
390
934000
3000
zastrašujuće delove našeg bića
15:52
and make our own decisions
391
937000
3000
i donese sopstvena odluka
15:55
and not make our housing a commodity,
392
940000
2000
i da se od stanovanja ne pravi roba,
15:57
but make it something that bubbles up from seminal sources.
393
942000
3000
već nešto što vri iz iskonskih izvora.
16:00
That takes a little bit of nerve,
394
945000
2000
Za to treba imati petlju,
16:02
and, darn it, once in a while you fail.
395
947000
3000
i, dođavola, ponekad i pogrešite.
16:05
But that's okay.
396
950000
2000
Ali to je u redu.
16:07
If failure destroys you,
397
952000
2000
Ako ne podnosite neuspeh,
16:09
then you can't do this.
398
954000
2000
onda ne možete ovako da postupite.
16:11
I fail all the time, every day,
399
956000
2000
Ja stalno doživljavam neuspeh, svakoga dana,
16:13
and I've had some whopping failures, I promise,
400
958000
3000
doživeo sam neke ogromne neuspehe, verujte mi,
16:16
big, public, humiliating,
401
961000
2000
velike, javne, ponižavajuće,
16:18
embarrassing failures.
402
963000
2000
posramljujuće neuspehe.
16:20
Everybody points and laughs,
403
965000
2000
Svi upiru prstom i smeju se,
16:22
and they say, "He tried it a fifth time and it still didn't work.
404
967000
2000
i kažu, “Probao je to već peti put i opet nije uspelo.
16:24
What a moron."
405
969000
2000
Kakav moron.”
16:26
Early on, contractors come by and say,
406
971000
2000
U početku, izvođači dođu i kažu,
16:28
"Dan, you're a cute little bunny,
407
973000
2000
“Dene, ti si jedan slatki zeka,
16:30
but you know, this just isn't going to work.
408
975000
2000
ali znaš, ovo prosto neće moći.
16:32
What don't you do this, and why don't you do that?"
409
977000
3000
Zašto ne uradiš ovo, i zašto ne uradiš ono?”
16:35
And your instinct is to say,
410
980000
2000
A vaš instinkt je da odgovorite,
16:37
"Why don't you suck an egg?"
411
982000
2000
“A zašto ti malo ne odeš u peršun.”
16:40
But you don't say that,
412
985000
2000
Ali to ne kažete,
16:42
because they're the guys you're targeting.
413
987000
3000
jer su to ljudi koji su vam ciljna grupa.
16:45
And so what we've done --
414
990000
2000
I tako, ono što smo uradili --
16:47
and this isn't just in housing.
415
992000
2000
a to se ne odnosi samo na stanovanje;
16:49
It's in clothing and food
416
994000
2000
nego i na odevanje i hranu
16:51
and our transportation needs, our energy --
417
996000
3000
naše saobraćajne potrebe, našu energiju --
16:54
we sprawl just a little bit.
418
999000
3000
mi se pomalo širimo.
16:57
And when I get a little bit of press,
419
1002000
3000
I kada povremeno dospem u medije,
17:00
I hear from people all over the world.
420
1005000
3000
Javljaju mi se ljudi iz celog sveta.
17:03
And we may have invented excess,
421
1008000
2000
Možda smo mi izmislili neumerenost,
17:05
but the problem of waste
422
1010000
2000
ali problem sa otpadom
17:07
is worldwide.
423
1012000
3000
postoji u celom svetu.
17:10
We're in trouble.
424
1015000
3000
U nevolji smo.
17:13
And I don't wear ammo belts crisscrossing my chest
425
1018000
3000
Iako ja ne nosim pojas sa mecima preko ramena
17:16
and a red bandana,
426
1021000
2000
i crvenu maramu oko glave
17:18
but we're clearly in trouble.
427
1023000
2000
ali jasno je da smo u nevolji.
17:20
And what we need to do
428
1025000
2000
Ono što treba da uradimo jeste
17:22
is reconnect
429
1027000
2000
da se ponovo povežemo
17:24
with those really primal parts of ourselves
430
1029000
3000
sa onim zaista iskonskim delom sebe
17:27
and make some decisions
431
1032000
2000
i donesemo neke odluke
17:29
and say, "You know, I think I would like
432
1034000
3000
i kažemo, “Znaš, mislim da bih voleo
17:32
to put CDs across the wall there.
433
1037000
2000
Da stavim policu za diskove preko onog zida tamo.
17:34
What do you think, honey?"
434
1039000
3000
Šta misliš draga?”
17:37
If it doesn't work, take it down.
435
1042000
2000
Ako ne valja, skloniš je.
17:40
What we need to do is reconnect with who we really are,
436
1045000
3000
Ono što treba da uradimo jeste da se iznova povežemo sa onim što zaista jesmo,
17:43
and that's thrilling indeed.
437
1048000
2000
a to je zaista uzbudljivo.
17:45
Thank you very much.
438
1050000
2000
Mnogo vam hvala.
17:47
(Applause)
439
1052000
4000
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dan Phillips - BuilderDan Phillips builds homes out of recycled and reclaimed materials in Huntsville, Texas.
Why you should listen
Dan Phillips is a designer and builder in Huntsville, Texas. In 1998, he and his wife, Marsha, started The Phoenix Commotion, a construction company that builds affordable houses from reclaimed and recycled materials. Their mission is to divert landfill waste while creating sustainable housing for single mothers, artists, and families with low incomes. The Phoenix Commotion keeps labor costs low while reclaiming human potential. They use an apprentice program to teach sustainable building skills to individuals that volunteer or intern on the Phoenix Commotion Crew.
The houses are energy-efficient, cheap and satisfying to build -- and wildly, effervescently creative. To the Phillipses, any material used in enough multiples creates a beautiful pattern -- so Phoenix Commotion homes are covered and decorated with salvaged materials of many stripes. Homes are built in concert with their eventual owner, who contributes sweat equity and their own artistic flair.
Dan Phillips | Speaker | TED.com