ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dan Phillips - Builder
Dan Phillips builds homes out of recycled and reclaimed materials in Huntsville, Texas.

Why you should listen

Dan Phillips is a designer and builder in Huntsville, Texas. In 1998, he and his wife, Marsha, started The Phoenix Commotion, a construction company that builds affordable houses from reclaimed and recycled materials. Their mission is to divert landfill waste while creating sustainable housing for single mothers, artists, and families with low incomes. The Phoenix Commotion keeps labor costs low while reclaiming human potential. They use an apprentice program to teach sustainable building skills to individuals that volunteer or intern on the Phoenix Commotion Crew.

The houses are energy-efficient, cheap and satisfying to build -- and wildly, effervescently creative. To the Phillipses, any material used in enough multiples creates a beautiful pattern -- so Phoenix Commotion homes are covered and decorated with salvaged materials of many stripes. Homes are built in concert with their eventual owner, who contributes sweat equity and their own artistic flair.

More profile about the speaker
Dan Phillips | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxHouston

Dan Phillips: Creative houses from reclaimed stuff

Dan Phillips:利用回收材料建造新型房屋

Filmed:
1,315,406 views

在这个TEDxHouston(休斯顿)有趣且深刻的演讲中,建筑师Dan Phillips给我们介绍了很多他在Texas(得克萨斯州)利用回收材料非常有创造性得建造房屋。睿智,不需要复杂技术的设计细节将带给你创新的体验。
- Builder
Dan Phillips builds homes out of recycled and reclaimed materials in Huntsville, Texas. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:16
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
00:22
Thank you very much.
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非常感谢。
00:24
I have a few少数 pictures图片,
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我有一些图片,
00:26
and I'll talk a little bit about
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而且我会谈些
00:28
how I'm able能够 to do what I do.
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我怎么能够做成我现在所从事的事情。
00:30
All these houses房屋 are built内置
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这些房子都是用
00:32
from between之间 70 and 80 percent百分 recycled回收 material材料,
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百分之七十到八十的回收材料建成的,
00:35
stuff东东 that was headed当家 to the mulcher表土疏松, the landfill垃圾填埋场, the burn烧伤 pile.
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像是处理到土壤上,垃圾掩埋,燃烧坑。
00:38
It was all just gone走了.
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这些都过去了。
00:40
This is the first house I built内置.
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这是我建造的第一个房子。
00:42
This double front面前 door here with the three-light三光 transom横梁
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这个双门带着一个三个透光口的门楣,
00:45
that was headed当家 to the landfill垃圾填埋场.
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是从垃圾填埋场获得的。
00:47
Have a little turret炮塔 there.
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那是个小塔楼。
00:49
And then these buttons纽扣 on the corbels牛腿 here.
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看阶梯状的屋檐边得几个按钮 -
00:52
Right there --
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就在那里 -
00:54
those are hickory山胡桃木 nuts坚果.
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那些是山核桃果。
00:56
And these buttons纽扣 there --
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那里的按钮,
00:58
those are chicken eggs.
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是鸡蛋。
01:00
Of course课程, first you have breakfast早餐,
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当然,你要先吃早餐,
01:03
and then you fill the shell贝壳 full充分 of Bondo邦多 and paint涂料 it and nail it up,
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然后你用Bondo将蛋壳填充,画上图形并且固定好,
01:06
and you have an architectural建筑的 button按键
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然后你在很少的时间内
01:08
in just a fraction分数 of the time.
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就完成了一个建筑用的按钮了。
01:10
Then, this is a look at the inside.
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这是内部的样子。
01:12
You can see the three-light三光 transom横梁 there
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你能看到那里三个透光口的门楣
01:14
with the eyebrow windows视窗 --
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和眉窗 -
01:16
certainly当然 an architectural建筑的 antique古董
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当然是古典的建筑。
01:18
headed当家 to the landfill垃圾填埋场.
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从垃圾填埋场获得的。
01:20
Even the lockset锁具 is probably大概 worth价值 200 dollars美元.
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甚至这个锁可能也值200美元。
01:22
Everything in the kitchen厨房 was salvaged打捞.
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厨房里所有的东西都是回收来的。
01:24
There's a 1952 O'Keefe奥基夫 & Merritt梅里特 stove火炉,
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这是1952年的O'Keefe & Merritt的灶台,
01:26
if you like to cook厨师 -- cool stove火炉.
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如果你喜欢烹饪的话 - 很好的灶台。
01:29
This is going up into the turret炮塔.
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登上楼。
01:31
I got that staircase楼梯 for 20 dollars美元,
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我用20美元买的楼梯,
01:34
including包含 delivery交货 to my lot.
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包括运费。
01:37
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
01:40
Then, looking up in the turret炮塔,
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然后,在塔楼向上看,
01:42
you see there are bulges凸起 and pokes and sags骤降 and so forth向前.
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你看到凹凸不平的设计。
01:45
Well, if that ruins废墟 your life,
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如果这破坏了你的生活,
01:47
well then you shouldn't不能 live生活 there.
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你不应当住在那里。
01:49
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
01:51
This is a laundry洗衣店 chute斜道,
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这是洗衣房,
01:53
and this right here is a shoe last.
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右面的最后是鞋楦。
01:56
And those are those cast-iron铸铁 things you see at antique古董 shops商店.
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那些铁制东西是古董店中的才能看到的东西。
01:58
So I had one of those,
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所以我弄了其中的一个,
02:00
so I made制作 some low-tech技术含量低 gadgetry小玩意儿, there,
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所以我做了几个简单的小玩意
02:02
where you just stomp跺脚 on the shoe last
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就在你踩在鞋楦的那个地方,
02:04
and then the door flies苍蝇 open打开, you throw your laundry洗衣店 down.
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门就打开,你可以将你要洗的衣服扔下去。
02:07
And then if you're smart聪明 enough足够, it goes on a basket on top最佳 of the washer垫圈.
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然后如果你够聪明的话,会到洗衣机上面的篮子里。
02:10
If not, it goes into the toilet厕所.
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否则,会到马桶里。
02:13
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
02:15
This is a bathtub浴缸 I made制作,
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这是我做的浴缸,
02:17
made制作 out of scrap废料 two-by-four两个由四 here.
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用二乘四的废料做成的。
02:19
Started入门 with a rim轮缘 there
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先是弄出个轮廓
02:21
and then glued胶合 and nailed it up into a flat平面,
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然后粘起来固定成一个平面,
02:23
corbelledcorbelled it up and flipped翻转 it over,
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支撑起来,再翻过来,
02:25
then did the two profiles型材 on this side.
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然后再在这一边弄两个面。
02:27
It's a two-person两人 tub.
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这是一个两人用的浴缸。
02:29
After all, it's not just a question of hygiene卫生,
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毕竟,这不仅仅是卫生的问题,
02:32
but there's a possibility可能性 of recreation娱乐 as well.
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而也是一种娱乐的可能。
02:34
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
02:37
Then, this faucet龙头 here
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这个水龙头
02:40
is just a piece of Osage奥沙 Orange橙子.
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是桑橙树的一部分。
02:42
It looks容貌 a little phallic阳具,
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这看起来有些像生殖器,
02:44
but after all, it's a bathroom浴室.
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但毕竟这只是个浴室。
02:46
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
02:49
Then, this is a house based基于 on a Budweiser百威 can.
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这是一个建立在百威啤酒瓶基础上的房子。
02:51
It doesn't look like a can of beer啤酒,
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这看上去并不像是啤酒瓶,
02:53
but the design设计 take-offs起飞 are absolutely绝对 unmistakable明白的.
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但是从设计上是完全无误的。
02:55
The barley大麦 hops酒花 design设计 worked工作 up into the eaves,
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啤酒花的设计直到屋檐下,
02:58
then the dentildentil work comes directly off the can's可以是 red, white白色, blue蓝色 and silver.
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然后白色的部分直接从瓶子的红色,白色,蓝色和银色部分分离出来。
03:02
Then, these corbelescorbeles going down underneath the eaves
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这些阶梯顺着屋檐向下
03:04
are that little design设计 that comes off the can.
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都是从瓶子外观想到的小设计。
03:06
I just put a can on a copier复印机
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我只把瓶子放在复印机上
03:08
and kept不停 enlarging扩大 it until直到 I got the size尺寸 I want.
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持续地放大直到得到我想要的尺寸。
03:11
Then, on the can it says,
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然后,瓶子上写着,
03:13
"This is the famous著名 Budweiser百威 beer啤酒, we know of no other beer啤酒, blah胡说, blah胡说, blah胡说."
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“这是著名的百威啤酒,我们不知道有其他的啤酒,怎么样...怎么样。”
03:17
So we changed that and put, "This is the famous著名 Budweiser百威 house.
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所以我们改变成,“这是著名的百威房子。
03:20
We don't know of any other house," and so forth向前 and so on.
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我们不知道有其他这样的房子,”怎么样...怎么样。
03:23
Then, this is a deadbolt拨销. It's a fence篱笆 from a 1930s shaper整形,
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这是门拴。曾经是1930年成型机的围栏,
03:25
which哪一个 is a very angry愤怒 woodworking木工 machine.
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用木工机器。
03:28
And they gave me the fence篱笆, but they didn't give me the shaper整形,
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他们给了我这个围栏,但是他们没给我成型机,
03:31
so we made制作 a deadbolt拨销 out of it.
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所以我们用它做了个门拴。
03:33
That'll那会 keep bull公牛 elephants大象 out, I promise诺言.
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这可以将强壮的大象拦在外面,我保证。
03:35
And sure enough足够, we've我们已经 had no problems问题 with bull公牛 elephants大象.
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并且确定的是,我们不会跟强壮的大象有矛盾。
03:38
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
03:40
The shower淋浴 is intended to simulate模拟 a glass玻璃 of beer啤酒.
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这个淋浴是模仿一瓶酒。
03:43
We've我们已经 got bubbles泡泡 going up there, then suds泡沫 at the top最佳 with lumpy tiles瓷砖.
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泡沫从那里上去,然后是有着泡沫的破碎的瓷砖。
03:46
Where do you get lumpy tiles瓷砖? Well, of course课程, you don't.
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我们是从哪里得到这些瓷砖的呢?当然,你得不到。
03:49
But I get a lot of toilets洗手间, and so you just dispatch调度 a toilet厕所 with a hammer锤子,
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但是我有很多卫生间,所以你就用锤子打坏一个卫生间,
03:52
and then you have lumpy tiles瓷砖.
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然后你就有破碎的瓷砖了。
03:55
And then the faucet龙头, there,
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那里的水龙头
03:57
is a beer啤酒 tap龙头.
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是一个啤酒栓子。
03:59
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
04:01
Then, this panel面板 of glass玻璃
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然后这种玻璃面板
04:03
is the same相同 panel面板 of glass玻璃
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跟美国中产阶级家的正门所用的
04:05
that occurs发生 in every一切 middle-class中产阶级 front面前 door in America美国.
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玻璃面板一样。
04:08
We're getting得到 tired of it. It's kind of cliched陈腐 now.
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我们觉得现在这有点俗。
04:11
So if you put it in the front面前 door, your design设计 fails失败.
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所以如果你将它放到正门,你的设计就失败了。
04:14
So don't put it in the front面前 door; put it somewhere某处 else其他.
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所以不要放到正门,而是放到其他的什么地方。
04:16
It's a pretty漂亮 panel面板 of glass玻璃.
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这是块很好的玻璃面板。
04:18
But then if you put it in the front面前 door,
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但是如果你放到正门,
04:20
people say, "Oh, you're trying to be like those guys, and you didn't make it."
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人们会说,“你在模仿其他人,不是你设计的。”
04:23
So don't put it there.
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所以不要放到那里。
04:26
Then, another另一个 bathroom浴室 upstairs楼上.
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楼上还有一个浴室。
04:28
This light up here is the same相同 light that occurs发生
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浴室的灯是跟
04:31
in every一切 middle-class中产阶级 foyer门厅 in America美国.
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在每一个美国中产家庭的门厅里的灯一模一样。
04:33
Don't put it in the foyer门厅.
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所以不要放到门厅里。
04:35
Put it in the shower淋浴, or in the closet壁橱,
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要放到浴室里,或者壁橱里,
04:37
but not in the foyer门厅.
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但是不要放到门厅里。
04:40
Then, somebody gave me a bidet净身, so it got a bidet净身.
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有人给了我一个浴盆,所以我就放了个浴盆。
04:43
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
04:46
This little house here,
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这个小房子,
04:48
those branches分支机构 there are made制作 out of Bois布瓦 D'arcD'弧 or Osage奥沙 Orange橙子,
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这些树枝是用桑橙树做成的,
04:51
and these pictures图片 will keep scrolling滚动
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这些图片持续滚动
04:53
as I talk a little bit.
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在我说话的时候。
04:55
In order订购 to do what I do,
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为了做我在做的事情,
04:57
you have to understand理解
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你必须明白
04:59
what causes原因 waste浪费 in the building建造 industry行业.
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是什么制造了建筑业的废料。
05:01
Our housing住房 has become成为 a commodity商品,
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我们的房屋变成了商品,
05:04
and I'll talk a little bit about that.
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我要简单地说下这个。
05:06
But the first cause原因 of waste浪费 is probably大概 even buried隐藏 in our DNA脱氧核糖核酸.
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但是造成废物的第一个原因可能就在我们DNA里埋藏着。
05:09
Human人的 beings众生 have a need for maintaining维持 consistency一致性
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人类需要保持连续性
05:11
of the apperceptive统觉 mass.
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为了别人的感知。
05:13
What does that mean?
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这是什么意思呢?
05:15
What it means手段 is, for every一切 perception知觉 we have,
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这是说,对于我们的每个感觉,
05:17
it needs需求 to tally相符 with the one like it before,
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这需要和之前的相吻合,
05:19
or we don't have continuity连续性,
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否则我们将失去连续性,
05:21
and we become成为 a little bit disoriented迷失方向.
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并且我们将变得失去方向。
05:23
So I can show显示 you an object目的 you've never seen看到 before.
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所以我给你们看一个你们之前没见过的东西。
05:26
Oh, that's a cell细胞 phone电话.
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这是个手机。
05:28
But you've never seen看到 this one before.
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但是你之前从没见过。
05:31
What you're doing
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你现在做的
05:33
is sizing浆纱 up the pattern模式 of structural结构 features特征 here,
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就是扩大这个结构,
05:35
and then you go through通过 your databanks资料库 -- brrrrbrrrr, cell细胞 phone电话.
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然后从你的数据库中知道这是个手机。
05:38
Oh, that's a cell细胞 phone电话.
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这是个手机。
05:40
If I took a bite out of it,
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如果我拿走一部分,
05:42
you'd go, "Wait a second第二.
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你会说,“等一下。
05:45
That's not a cell细胞 phone电话.
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那不是个手机。
05:47
That's one of those new chocolate巧克力 cell细胞 phones手机."
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那是新型巧克力手机的一种。”
05:49
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:51
And you'd have to start开始 a new category类别,
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你需要创造一个新的类别,
05:53
right between之间 cell细胞 phones手机 and chocolate巧克力.
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在手机和巧克力之间。
05:55
That's how we process处理 information信息.
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这是我们处理信息的方式。
05:58
So you translate翻译 that to the building建造 industry行业,
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所以你可以这样理解建筑业,
06:00
if we have a wall of windowpanes窗玻璃 and one pane窗格 is cracked破解,
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如果我们有一面玻璃窗,其中的一扇窗子坏了,
06:02
we go, "Oh, dear. That's cracked破解. Let's repair修理 it.
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我们说,“天啊。这个坏了。修吧。
06:05
Let's take it out. Throw it away so nobody没有人 can use it and put a new one in."
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扔掉这个,这样没人能够再用它并装上个新的。”
06:08
Because that's what you do with a cracked破解 pane窗格.
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因为这是你处理破窗户的方式。
06:11
Never mind心神 that it doesn't affect影响 our lives生活 at all.
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但是这并不影响我们的生活。
06:14
It only rattles摇铃 that expected预期 pattern模式
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这只是影响了我们期待的图案
06:16
and unity统一 of structural结构 features特征.
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和结构的统一。
06:19
However然而, if we took a small hammer锤子,
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但是,如果我们拿一个小锤子,
06:21
and we added添加 cracks裂缝 to all the other windows视窗,
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在其他窗户上都加上裂缝,
06:24
then we have a pattern模式.
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我们就有了图案。
06:27
Because Gestalt格式塔 Psychology心理学 emphasizes强调 recognition承认 of pattern模式
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因为完全形态心理学强调对于图案的认知
06:30
over parts部分 that comprise包括 a pattern模式.
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而不是组成图案的部分。
06:32
We'll go, "Ooh, that's nice不错."
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我们会说,“这很好。”
06:34
So, that serves供应 me every一切 day.
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所以,这是我每天所做的。
06:37
Repetition重复 creates创建 pattern模式.
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重复创造了图案。
06:39
If I have a hundred of these, a hundred of those,
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如果我有一百个这些,一百个那些,
06:41
it doesn't make any difference区别 what these and those are.
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这并不影响这个或那个是什么。
06:43
If I can repeat重复 anything, I have the possibility可能性 of a pattern模式
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如果我可以重复任何事,我就能够创造图案,
06:46
from hickory山胡桃木 nuts坚果 and chicken eggs, shards碎片 of glass玻璃, branches分支机构.
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从山核桃果和鸡蛋,玻璃片,树枝中。
06:49
It doesn't make any difference区别.
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这并没改变什么。
06:51
That causes原因 a lot of waste浪费 in the building建造 industry行业.
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这造成了建筑业中很多的废料。
06:53
Second第二 is, Friedrich弗里德里希 Nietzsche尼采 along沿 about 1885
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第二,Friedrich Nietzsche在1885年
06:56
wrote a book titled标题 "The Birth分娩 of Tragedy悲剧."
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写了本书叫“悲剧的产生”。
06:59
And in there he said
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在书里他说
07:01
that cultures文化 tend趋向 to swing摇摆 between之间 one of two perspectives观点.
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文化在两种看法中徘徊。
07:03
On the one hand, we have an Apollonian阿波罗 perspective透视,
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一方面,我们有阿波罗的看法,
07:06
which哪一个 is very crisp and premeditated预谋的
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非常清楚而且规定好的
07:08
and intellectualized智能化
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并且是理智的
07:10
and perfect完善.
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而且是完美的。
07:13
On the other end结束 of the spectrum光谱, we have a Dionysian酒神 perspective透视,
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另一方面,我们有酒神的看法,
07:16
which哪一个 is more given特定 to the passions激情 and intuition直觉,
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更多得强调感情和直觉,
07:19
tolerant宽容 of organic有机 texture质地 and human人的 gesture手势.
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对自然的结构和人类习俗的容忍。
07:22
So the way the Apollonian阿波罗 personality个性 takes a picture图片,
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所以用阿波罗特性的方式拍照片,
07:25
or hangs挂起 a picture图片,
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或者挂个照片,
07:27
is they'll他们会 get out a transit过境
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是很细致
07:29
and a laser激光 level水平 and a micrometer千分尺.
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微妙的。
07:32
"Okay, honey蜜糖. A thousandth千分之一 of an inch英寸 to the left.
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“好的,亲爱的。向左千分之一英尺。
07:34
That's where we want the picture图片. Right. Perfect完善."
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这是我们拍照片的地方。对。好极了。”
07:36
Predicated预测 on plumb垂直 level水平, square广场 and centered中心.
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建立在好的基础,正方正中。
07:39
The Dionysian酒神 personality个性
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酒神的特性
07:41
takes the picture图片 and goes ...
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只是找个照片……
07:44
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
07:48
That's the difference区别.
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那就是不同之处。
07:50
I feature特征 blemish缺陷.
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我描述污点。
07:52
I feature特征 organic有机 process处理.
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我描述有机过程 -
07:54
Dead-center止点 John约翰 Dewey杜威.
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正好是John Dewey。
07:57
Apollonian阿波罗 mindset心态 creates创建 mountains of waste浪费.
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阿波罗的看法创造了大量的废料。
08:00
If something isn't perfect完善,
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如果有什么东西不完美,
08:02
if it doesn't line线 up with that premeditated预谋的 model模型, dumpster垃圾箱.
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如果跟预期的模型吻合,扔掉。
08:05
"Oops哎呀, scratch, dumpster垃圾箱."
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“呃,有划痕,扔掉。
08:07
"Oops哎呀" this, "oops哎呀" that. "Landfill垃圾填埋场. Landfill垃圾填埋场. Landfill垃圾填埋场."
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这个,那个。垃圾。垃圾。垃圾。”
08:10
The third第三 thing is arguably按理说 --
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第三件事是值得商榷的 -
08:13
the Industrial产业 Revolution革命 started开始 in the Renaissance再生
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工业革命开始于文艺复兴
08:15
with the rise上升 of humanism人道主义,
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和人文主义的兴起
08:17
then got a little jump-start快速启动 along沿 about the French法国 Revolution革命.
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然后导致了法国革命。
08:20
By the middle中间 of the 19th century世纪, it's in full充分 flower.
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19世纪中期,这些在蓬勃发展。
08:22
And we have dumaflagesdumaflages and gizmos小玩意
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然后我们有了各种各样的东西
08:25
and contraptions玩意儿 that will do anything
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可以做任何事情
08:28
that we, up to that point,
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那些我们,直到那个时候,
08:30
had to do my hand.
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需要自己动手做的东西。
08:32
So now we have standardized标准化 materials物料.
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所以现在我们有标准化的东西。
08:34
Well, trees树木 don't grow增长 two inches英寸 by four inches英寸,
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树不是长在两英寸乘四英寸的范围内
08:37
eight, ten and twelve十二 feet tall.
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不是八英尺,10英尺和12英尺那样高。
08:39
We create创建 mountains of waste浪费.
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我们创造了大量的废料。
08:41
And they're doing a pretty漂亮 good job工作
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他们就被扔在
08:43
there in the forest森林,
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森林里,
08:45
working加工 all the byproduct副产品 of their industry行业 --
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和工业的副产品 -
08:47
with OSBOSB and particle粒子 board and so forth向前 and so on --
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还有定向结构刨花板和碎木板等等 -
08:50
but it does no good
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但是这并没有
08:52
to be responsible主管 at the point of harvest收成 in the forest森林
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对采伐森林负责
08:55
if consumers消费者 are wasting浪费 the harvest收成 at the point of consumption消费,
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如果消费者们浪费掉这些用以消耗的伐木,
08:58
and that's what's happening事件.
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那就是现在发生的事情。
09:00
And so if something isn't standard标准,
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如果有一些事情不符合标准,
09:02
"Oops哎呀, dumpster垃圾箱." "Oops哎呀" this. "Oops哎呀, warped扭曲."
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“垃圾。这个, 变形了。”
09:05
If you buy购买 a two-by-four两个由四 and it's not straight直行,
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如果你要二乘四的而不是直的,
09:07
you can take it back.
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你可以将它取回来。
09:09
"Oh, I'm so sorry, sir先生. We'll get you a straight直行 one."
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“对不起。我们会给你做个直的。”
09:11
Well I feature特征 all those warped扭曲 things
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我把这些变形了的东西,
09:14
because repetition重复 creates创建 pattern模式,
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因为重复创造图案,
09:16
and it's from a Dionysian酒神 perspective透视.
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这是从酒神的角度来说。
09:18
The fourth第四 thing
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第四件事
09:20
is labor劳动 is disproportionately不成比例 more expensive昂贵 than materials物料.
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是劳动力不成比例得比材料贵得多。
09:23
Well, that's just a myth神话.
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这只是个事情。
09:25
And here's这里的 a story故事: Jim吉姆 TullesTulles, one of the guys I trained熟练,
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现在是个故事:Jim Tulles,我训练的一个人,
09:28
I said, "Jim吉姆, it's time now.
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我说,“Jim,现在是时候了。
09:30
I got a job工作 for you as a foreman领班 on a framing取景 crew船员. It's time for you to go."
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我为你找了个构架队的工头职务。你现在可以去了。”
09:33
"Dan, I just don't think I'm ready准备."
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“Dan,我不认为我准备好了。”
09:35
"Jim吉姆, now it's time. You're the down, oh."
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“Jim,现在是时候了。你要走了。”
09:38
So we hired雇用 on.
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然后我们开始了。
09:40
And he was out there with his tape胶带 measure测量
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他在外面用他的皮尺
09:42
going through通过 the trash垃圾 heap, looking for header material材料,
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在垃圾堆里寻找顶梁的材料 -
09:44
which哪一个 is the board that goes over a door,
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就是门上的木板 -
09:46
thinking思维 he'd他会 impress his boss老板 -- that's how we taught him to do it.
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想着他能令老板刮目相看 - 这是我们教他的。
09:48
And the superintendent所长 walked up and said, "What are you doing?"
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主管走过去说,“你在做什么?”
09:51
"Oh, just looking for some header material材料,"
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“只是找些顶梁的材料”,
09:53
waiting等候 for that kudos荣誉.
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等待赞誉。
09:55
He said, "No, no. I'm not paying付款 you to go through通过 the trash垃圾. Get back to work."
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他说,“不,不。我不是雇你在垃圾里找东西。回去工作。”
09:58
And he had the wherewithal途穷 to say,
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他很必要地说,
10:00
he said, "You know, if you were paying付款 me
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他说,“你知道,如果你付我
10:02
300 dollars美元 an hour小时,
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300美元一小时,
10:04
I can see how you might威力 say that,
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我能够想像你会这样说,
10:06
but right now, I'm saving保存 you five dollars美元 a minute分钟.
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但是现在,我每分钟为你节省了5美元。
10:09
Do the math数学."
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自己算算吧”
10:11
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
10:13
"Good call, TullesTulles. From now on, you guys hit击中 this pile first."
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“好的,Tulles。从现在开始,你们先从这堆开始。”
10:16
And the irony讽刺 is that he wasn't very good at math数学.
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具有讽刺意味的是他并不擅长数学。
10:19
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
10:22
But once一旦 in a while you get access访问 to the control控制 room房间,
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有些时候当你去控制室时,
10:24
and then you can kind of mess食堂 with the dials表盘.
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你要处理电话。
10:26
And that's what happened发生 there.
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这就是在那里发生的故事。
10:29
The fifth第五 thing is that maybe, after 2,500 years年份,
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第五件事是可能2500年后,
10:31
Plato柏拉图 is still having his way with us in his notion概念 of perfect完善 forms形式.
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柏拉图关于完美形式的表述仍然适用。
10:34
He said that we have in our noggin脑袋,
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他说我们对于想要什么的完美的想法
10:36
the perfect完善 idea理念 of what we want,
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就在我们的脑子里,
10:39
and we force environmental环境的 resources资源 to accommodate容纳 that.
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我们利用自然资源来实现它。
10:42
So we all have in our head the perfect完善 house,
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所以我们想象着完美的房子,
10:44
the American美国 dream梦想, which哪一个 is a house,
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美国梦,是个房子 -
10:46
the dream梦想 house.
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梦想中的房子。
10:48
The problem问题 is we can't afford给予 it.
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问题是我们负担不起。
10:50
So we have the American美国 dream梦想 look-alike看起来像,
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所以我们的美国人的梦都差不多,
10:52
which哪一个 is a mobile移动 home.
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是个活动房子。
10:54
Now there's a blight枯萎病 on the planet行星.
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现在星球上有些阴影。
10:57
It's a chattel动产 mortgage抵押,
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这是动产抵押
10:59
just like furniture家具, just like a car汽车.
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就像家具,就象汽车。
11:01
You write the check, and instantly即刻 it depreciates降价 30 percent百分.
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你付款后马上就贬值百分之三十。
11:04
After a year, you can't get insurance保险 on everything you have in it,
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一年之后,保险就没了,
11:06
only on 70 percent百分.
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只有百分之七十。
11:08
Wired有线 with 14-gauge-测量 wire线 typically一般.
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一般是用标号14的电线。
11:10
Nothing wrong错误 with that,
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这没什么错,
11:12
unless除非 you ask it to do what 12-gauge-测量 wire's线的 supposed应该 to do,
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除非你要求用标号12的线,
11:14
and that's what happens发生.
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这是正在发生的事情。
11:16
It out-gasses出气体 formaldehyde甲醛 so much so
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由于大量的甲醛释放导致
11:18
that there is a federal联邦 law in place地点
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联邦法律
11:21
to warn警告 new mobile移动 home buyers买家
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向新的移动房屋的购买者
11:23
of the formaldehyde甲醛 atmosphere大气层 danger危险.
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警告存在的甲醛危险。
11:26
Are we just being存在 numbingly麻木 stupid?
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我们是否这么蠢呢?
11:28
The walls墙壁 are this thick.
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墙只有这么厚。
11:30
The whole整个 thing has the structural结构 value of corn玉米.
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整个就只有玉米的结构价值。
11:33
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
11:35
"So I thought Palm棕榈 Harbor港口 Village was over there."
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“所以我认为Palm Harbor村庄在那里。”
11:37
"No, no. We had a wind last night.
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“不。昨晚上刮了风。
11:39
It's gone走了 now."
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现在没了。”
11:41
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
11:44
Then when they degrade降级, what do you do with them?
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然后质量降低了,你该怎么办呢?
11:47
Now, all that,
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现在,
11:49
that Apollonian阿波罗, Platonic柏拉图 model模型,
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阿波罗,柏拉图的模型,
11:52
is what the building建造 industry行业 is predicated预测 on,
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是建筑业的前提,
11:55
and there are a number of things that exacerbate加剧 that.
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然后还有一些事情加剧着这个。
11:57
One is that all the professionals专业人士,
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一个是所有的从业者,
12:00
all the tradesmen技工, vendors供应商,
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所有的零售商,供应商,
12:02
inspectors检查员, engineers工程师, architects建筑师
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检验者,工程师,建筑师
12:04
all think like this.
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都这样想。
12:06
And then it works作品 its way back to the consumer消费者,
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最后又回到了消费者
12:08
who demands需要 the same相同 model模型.
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他们需要同样的模型。
12:10
It's a self-fulfilling自我实现 prophecy预言. We can't get out of it.
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这是一个自我加固的循环。我们走不出去。
12:13
Then here come the marketeers市场商人 and the advertisers广告商.
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然后就是商人和广告商。
12:16
"Woo求爱. WoohoooWoohooo."
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“啊。啊。”
12:18
We buy购买 stuff东东 we didn't know we needed需要.
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我们买了我们并不需要的东西。
12:21
All we have to do is look at
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我们所需要做的就是看着
12:23
what one company公司 did with carbonated碳酸 prune修剪 juice果汁.
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一个公司如何销售西梅味的汽水。
12:25
How disgusting讨厌.
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真恶心。
12:27
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
12:29
But you know what they did? They hooked迷上 a metaphor隐喻 into it
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但是你认为他们干了什么呢?他们用个比喻
12:31
and said, "I drink Dr博士. Pepper胡椒 ..."
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说道,“我喝着Pepper博士……”
12:33
And pretty漂亮 soon不久, we're swilling痛饮 that stuff东东 by the lake-ful湖FUL,
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很快的我们就开始畅饮这种饮料,
12:36
by the billions数十亿 of gallons加仑.
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数几十亿加仑。
12:38
It doesn't even have real真实 prunes梅干. Doesn't even keep you regular定期.
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它并不含有真正的西梅 - 更不会使你正常的。
12:41
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
12:43
My oh my, that makes品牌 it worse更差.
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这是更糟的了。
12:45
And we get sucked into that faster更快 than anything.
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我们在这个事情上停滞不前的速度比在任何其他事上都要快。
12:48
Then a man named命名 Jean-Paul让 - 保罗 Sartre萨特 wrote a book
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一个人叫Jean-Paul Sartre写了这本书
12:50
titled标题 "Being存在 and Nothingness虚无."
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叫“存在和不存在”。
12:52
It's a pretty漂亮 quick read.
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只是一个快速阅读。
12:54
You can snap through通过 it in maybe two years年份
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两年内能够读完,
12:57
if you read eight hours小时 a day.
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如果一天读8个小时。
13:00
In there he talked about the divided分为 self.
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书中他谈论了分裂的性格。
13:02
He said human人的 beings众生 act法案 differently不同 when they know they're alone单独
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他说人们在独处的时候和跟同别人在一起时
13:05
than when they know somebody else其他 is around.
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会表现得不一样。
13:07
So if I'm eating spaghetti意大利面, and I know I'm alone单独,
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所以如果我在吃意大利面,我知道只有我一个人的时候,
13:10
I can eat like a backhoe反铲.
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我可以狼吞虎咽。
13:12
I can wipe擦拭 my mouth on my sleeve, napkin餐巾 on the table,
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我可以用袖子擦嘴 - (虽然)餐巾纸就在桌上,
13:15
chew with my mouth open打开, make little noises噪音,
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张着嘴咀嚼,发出声音,
13:18
scratch wherever哪里 I want.
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想吃什么就吃什么。
13:20
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
13:22
But as soon不久 as you walk步行 in,
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但是当你进来时,
13:24
I go, "Ooh. Spaghetti意大利面 sauce there."
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我会这样,“意大利面汁在那里。”
13:26
Napkin餐巾 in my lap膝部, half bites咬伤,
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将餐巾纸放在腿上,半口嚼,
13:28
chew with my mouth closed关闭, no scratching搔抓.
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闭着嘴吃饭,不随意挑东西吃。
13:30
Now what I'm doing
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我现在做的
13:32
is fulfilling履行 your expectations期望
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就是满足你们的期望
13:35
of how I should live生活 my life.
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关于我如何来过我的生活。
13:38
I feel that expectation期望,
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我感觉到这种期望,
13:40
and so I accommodate容纳 it,
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所以我会实现它,
13:42
and I'm living活的 my life according根据 to what you expect期望 me to do.
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我的生活是根据你们对我的期望而定。
13:45
That happens发生 in the building建造 industry行业 as well.
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这在建筑业也是一样。
13:47
That's why all of our subdivisions细分 look the same相同.
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这是为什么我们的小区看上去都一样。
13:50
Sometimes有时 we even have
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有时我们甚至
13:52
these formalized形式化 cultural文化 expectations期望.
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有固定文化的需求。
13:54
I'll bet赌注 all your shoes match比赛.
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我打赌你们的鞋都相配。
13:56
Sure enough足够, we all buy购买 into that,
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当然,我们都这样,
13:59
and with gated门控 communities社区,
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对于封闭式小区,
14:02
we have a formalized形式化 expectation期望
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我们也有固定的看法
14:04
with a homeowners房主 association协会.
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对于户主协会。
14:06
Sometimes有时 those guys are Nazis纳粹,
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有时那些人像是纳粹,
14:08
my oh my.
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天啊。
14:11
That exacerbates加剧 and continues继续 this model模型.
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这个加剧并且继续着这种模型。
14:14
The last thing is gregariousness合群.
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最后一个是社交性。
14:17
Human人的 beings众生 are a social社会 species种类.
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人类是群居物种。
14:19
We like to hang together一起 in groups,
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我们喜欢在群体中,
14:21
just like wildebeests牛羚, just like lions狮子.
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就像牛羚,就像狮子。
14:23
Wildebeests角马 don't hang with lions狮子
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牛羚不会和狮子呆在一起
14:25
because lions狮子 eat wildebeests牛羚.
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因为狮子吃牛羚。
14:27
Human人的 beings众生 are like that.
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人类也是这样。
14:29
We do what that group does
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我们做群体所做的事情
14:31
that we're trying to identify鉴定 with.
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为了表示我们的归属。
14:33
And so you see this in junior初级 high a lot.
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这些在初中很常见。
14:36
Those kids孩子, they'll他们会 work all summer夏季 long,
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那些孩子,他们会工作一个夏天,
14:39
kill themselves他们自己,
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很辛苦,
14:41
so that they can afford给予
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为了能够买
14:43
one pair of designer设计师 jeans牛仔裤.
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一条品牌牛仔裤,
14:45
So along沿 about September九月
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这样在9月
14:47
they can stride in and go,
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他们能够大步走进去,
14:49
"I'm important重要 today今天.
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“今天我感觉我很重要。
14:51
See, look, don't touch触摸 my designer设计师 jeans牛仔裤.
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看,不要碰我的品牌牛仔裤。
14:53
I see you don't have designer设计师 jeans牛仔裤.
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我知道你没有品牌牛仔裤。
14:56
You're not one of the beautiful美丽 people.
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你不属于那些漂亮的人之一。
14:58
See, I'm one of the beautiful美丽 people. See my jeans牛仔裤?"
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看,我属于那些漂亮的人之一。看见我的牛仔裤吗?”
15:01
Right there is reason原因 enough足够 to have uniforms制服.
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确实有理由统一着装。
15:04
And so that happens发生 in the building建造 industry行业 as well.
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这在建筑业也一样。
15:07
We have confused困惑
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我们有一点
15:09
Maslow's马斯洛 hierarchy等级制度 of needs需求
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混淆了
15:11
just a little bit.
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马斯洛的需求层次。
15:13
On the bottom底部 tier一线
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最底层的
15:15
we have basic基本 needs需求 --
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是我们最基本的需求 -
15:17
shelter庇护, clothing服装, food餐饮, water, mating交配 and so forth向前.
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庇护处,衣服,食物,水,交配等等。
15:20
Second第二, security安全. Third第三, relationships关系.
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第二层,安全。第三层,关系。
15:23
Fourth第四, status状态, self-esteem自尊 -- that is, vanity虚荣.
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第四层,身份,自尊 - 这是虚无的。
15:26
And we're taking服用 vanity虚荣 and shoving it down here.
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我们将虚无的放到最低下。
15:29
And so we end结束 up
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所以我们得到了
15:32
with vain徒然 decisions决定
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一些没有意义的决定
15:34
and we can't even afford给予 our mortgage抵押.
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和我们无法偿还的贷款,
15:36
We can't even afford给予 to eat anything except beans.
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我们无法负担的除了豆子之外的东西。
15:39
That is, our housing住房
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那就是,我们的房子
15:41
has become成为 a commodity商品.
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变成了商品,
15:43
And it takes a little bit of nerve神经
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然后一点点地
15:46
to dive潜水 into those primal原始,
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侵入了我们最初的,
15:49
terrifying可怕的 parts部分 of ourselves我们自己
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可怕的部分
15:52
and make our own拥有 decisions决定
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要自己做决定
15:55
and not make our housing住房 a commodity商品,
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不要让房子成为商品,
15:57
but make it something that bubbles泡泡 up from seminal sources来源.
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而是成为一种有创造力的东西。
16:00
That takes a little bit of nerve神经,
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这需要一些勇气,
16:02
and, darn it, once一旦 in a while you fail失败.
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弥补它,当你失败时。
16:05
But that's okay.
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但这没问题。
16:07
If failure失败 destroys破阵 you,
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如果失败毁灭了你,
16:09
then you can't do this.
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你不能干这个。
16:11
I fail失败 all the time, every一切 day,
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我一直都在失败,每天,
16:13
and I've had some whopping高达 failures故障, I promise诺言,
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而且我还有些惨败的经历,我保证,
16:16
big, public上市, humiliating羞辱,
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一些很大的,众所周知的,丢人现眼的,
16:18
embarrassing尴尬 failures故障.
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尴尬的失败经历。
16:20
Everybody每个人 points and laughs,
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所有人都指着我嘲笑,
16:22
and they say, "He tried试着 it a fifth第五 time and it still didn't work.
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他们说,“他都试了第五次了,还是不行。
16:24
What a moron白痴."
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真是个笨蛋。”
16:26
Early on, contractors承包商 come by and say,
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之前,承包人过来说,
16:28
"Dan, you're a cute可爱 little bunny兔子,
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“Dan,你是个可爱的孩子,
16:30
but you know, this just isn't going to work.
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但是你知道,这行不通的。
16:32
What don't you do this, and why don't you do that?"
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为什么不做这个,为什么不做那个?”
16:35
And your instinct直觉 is to say,
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你的本能反应是,
16:37
"Why don't you suck吮吸 an egg?"
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“为什么你不吃个鸡蛋。”
16:40
But you don't say that,
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但是你不会这么说,
16:42
because they're the guys you're targeting针对.
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因为他们是你需要的人。
16:45
And so what we've我们已经 doneDONE --
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所以这就是我们所做的 -
16:47
and this isn't just in housing住房.
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不仅仅是房子;
16:49
It's in clothing服装 and food餐饮
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也有衣服和食物
16:51
and our transportation运输 needs需求, our energy能源 --
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和交通需求,我们的能源 -
16:54
we sprawl蔓生 just a little bit.
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我们搞得有点大了。
16:57
And when I get a little bit of press,
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当我有点压力时,
17:00
I hear from people all over the world世界.
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我倾听来自世界各地的人。
17:03
And we may可能 have invented发明 excess过量,
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我们可能已经是发明过剩,
17:05
but the problem问题 of waste浪费
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但是废料问题
17:07
is worldwide全世界.
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是全球性的。
17:10
We're in trouble麻烦.
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我们有困难了。
17:13
And I don't wear穿 ammo弹药 belts皮带 crisscrossing纵横交错 my chest胸部
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我不会胸前穿叉着弹药带
17:16
and a red bandana印花大手帕,
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头上戴着红头巾,
17:18
but we're clearly明确地 in trouble麻烦.
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但是我们确实是遇到困难了。
17:20
And what we need to do
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我们需要做得
17:22
is reconnect重新连接
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是重新连接
17:24
with those really primal原始 parts部分 of ourselves我们自己
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我们最基本的部分
17:27
and make some decisions决定
431
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做出些决定
17:29
and say, "You know, I think I would like
432
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说道,“你知道,我认为我要
17:32
to put CDs光盘 across横过 the wall there.
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将CD放到墙那边。
17:34
What do you think, honey蜜糖?"
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你觉得呢,亲爱的?”
17:37
If it doesn't work, take it down.
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如果不行,就取下来。
17:40
What we need to do is reconnect重新连接 with who we really are,
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我们需要的是重新连接起真正的我们,
17:43
and that's thrilling惊险 indeed确实.
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这是令人激动的。
17:45
Thank you very much.
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非常感谢。
17:47
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by L Y
Reviewed by Xu (Jessica) Jiang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dan Phillips - Builder
Dan Phillips builds homes out of recycled and reclaimed materials in Huntsville, Texas.

Why you should listen

Dan Phillips is a designer and builder in Huntsville, Texas. In 1998, he and his wife, Marsha, started The Phoenix Commotion, a construction company that builds affordable houses from reclaimed and recycled materials. Their mission is to divert landfill waste while creating sustainable housing for single mothers, artists, and families with low incomes. The Phoenix Commotion keeps labor costs low while reclaiming human potential. They use an apprentice program to teach sustainable building skills to individuals that volunteer or intern on the Phoenix Commotion Crew.

The houses are energy-efficient, cheap and satisfying to build -- and wildly, effervescently creative. To the Phillipses, any material used in enough multiples creates a beautiful pattern -- so Phoenix Commotion homes are covered and decorated with salvaged materials of many stripes. Homes are built in concert with their eventual owner, who contributes sweat equity and their own artistic flair.

More profile about the speaker
Dan Phillips | Speaker | TED.com