TEDxMidAtlantic
Melanie Nezer: The fundamental right to seek asylum
梅兰妮·尼泽尔: 寻求庇护的基本权利
Filmed:
Readability: 4.2
1,577,377 views
难民和移民权利辩护律师梅兰妮·尼泽尔（Melanie Nezer）分享了针对美国南部边境危机的迫切需要的历史观点，展示了公民如何让政府对保护弱势群体负责的途径。 她说，“一个国家要展现自身的强大，是通过同情和务实，而不是武力和恐惧。”
Melanie Nezer - Refugee and immigrants rights attorney
Melanie Nezer is a national leader in efforts to inform and educate individuals, institutions, elected officials and communities about refugees and asylum seekers. Full bio
Melanie Nezer is a national leader in efforts to inform and educate individuals, institutions, elected officials and communities about refugees and asylum seekers. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Last summer, I got a call
from a woman named Ellie.
from a woman named Ellie.
0
852
3173
去年夏天，我接到一个电话，
是一个叫埃莉的女人打来的。
是一个叫埃莉的女人打来的。
00:16
And she had heard about the family
separations at the southern border
separations at the southern border
1
4049
3240
她听说了在南部边境
发生家庭分离的故事。
发生家庭分离的故事。
00:19
and wanted to know
what she could do to help.
what she could do to help.
2
7313
2502
她想知道，
有没有她能帮上忙的地方。
有没有她能帮上忙的地方。
00:21
She told me the story
of her grandfather and his father.
of her grandfather and his father.
3
9839
3949
她跟我讲述了
他祖父和父亲的故事。
他祖父和父亲的故事。
00:26
When they were kids in Poland,
4
14285
2088
她父亲和兄弟幼时生活在波兰，
00:28
their father,
5
16397
1243
他的父亲，
00:29
fearing for his son's safety,
6
17664
1904
因为担心儿子的安全问题，
00:31
gave them a little bit of money
and told them to walk west,
and told them to walk west,
7
19592
3134
给了他们些许钱
然后告诉他们往西出发，
然后告诉他们往西出发，
00:34
to just keep walking west across Europe.
8
22750
2360
一直往西，穿过欧洲。
00:37
And they did.
9
25134
1159
他们成功了。
00:38
They walked all the way
west across Europe,
west across Europe,
10
26317
2018
他们一路向西穿越欧洲，
00:40
and they got on a boat
and they got to America.
and they got to America.
11
28359
3026
搭上一艘船，踏上了美国的大陆。
00:44
Ellie said that when she heard
the stories of the teens
the stories of the teens
12
32159
4020
埃莉说当她听闻，那些少年们
00:48
walking up across Mexico,
13
36203
2396
他们一路穿越墨西哥的故事时，
00:50
all she could think about
was her grandfather and his brother.
was her grandfather and his brother.
14
38623
4601
她唯一能够想到的
就是她祖父和父亲的兄弟。
就是她祖父和父亲的兄弟。
00:55
She said that for her, the stories
were exactly the same.
were exactly the same.
15
43248
3688
她说，对她而言，
这些故事几乎一模一样。
这些故事几乎一模一样。
00:59
Those brothers were
the Hassenfeld Brothers --
the Hassenfeld Brothers --
16
47841
3591
这对兄弟就是
哈森菲尔德兄弟，
哈森菲尔德兄弟，
01:03
the "Has" "bros" --
17
51456
1904
也就是"孩之（Has）"
"宝（bros）"——
"宝（bros）"——
01:06
the Hasbro toy company,
18
54596
2173
孩之宝玩具公司，
01:08
which, of course, brought us
Mr. Potato Head.
Mr. Potato Head.
19
56793
3151
为我们带来了“蛋头先生”。
01:13
But that is not actually why
I'm telling you this story.
I'm telling you this story.
20
61254
3127
然而，这并不是我给你们
讲这个故事的原因。
讲这个故事的原因。
01:17
I'm telling you this story
because it made me think
because it made me think
21
65302
3260
我讲述这个故事，
是因为它让我思考
是因为它让我思考
01:20
about whether I would have the faith,
22
68586
3217
我是否会有信心、
01:23
the courage,
23
71827
1545
有勇气，
01:25
to send my teens --
and I have three of them --
and I have three of them --
24
73396
3419
把我的孩子们——
我有三个孩子，
我有三个孩子，
01:28
on a journey like that.
25
76839
1328
送上这样一段旅程。
01:31
Knowing that they wouldn't
be safe where we were,
be safe where we were,
26
79169
3407
当我知晓待在这个地方
他们不再安全的时候，
他们不再安全的时候，
01:34
would I be able to watch them go?
27
82600
2086
我能做到目送他们离开吗？
01:38
I started my career decades ago
at the southern US border,
at the southern US border,
28
86995
4879
早在数十年前，我就开始
在美国南部边境展开工作，
在美国南部边境展开工作，
01:43
working with Central American
asylum seekers.
asylum seekers.
29
91898
2519
帮助来自中美洲的难民。
01:46
And in the last 16 years,
I've been at HIAS,
I've been at HIAS,
30
94928
3566
过去 16 年，我就职于
希伯来移民援助协会（HIAS)，
希伯来移民援助协会（HIAS)，
01:50
the Jewish organization that fights
for refugee rights around the world,
for refugee rights around the world,
31
98518
4101
一个为全世界
难民权利斗争的犹太组织，
难民权利斗争的犹太组织，
01:54
as a lawyer and an advocate.
32
102643
1689
在那里担任一名律师和辩护人。
01:56
And one thing I've learned
is that, sometimes,
is that, sometimes,
33
104919
3493
我学到的一个道理是，有时候，
02:01
the things that we're told
make us safer and stronger
make us safer and stronger
34
109229
3890
那些别人告诉我们，
让我们更安全也更强大的事情，
让我们更安全也更强大的事情，
02:05
actually don't.
35
113143
1205
实际上并非如此。
02:07
And, in fact, some of these policies
have the opposite of the intended results
have the opposite of the intended results
36
115262
4939
不仅如此，事实上，有一些政策
还会产生适得其反的效果。
还会产生适得其反的效果。
02:12
and in the meantime, cause tremendous
and unnecessary suffering.
and unnecessary suffering.
37
120225
5103
与此同时，造成巨大的
而且不必要的伤害。
而且不必要的伤害。
02:18
So why are people showing up
at our southern border?
at our southern border?
38
126571
3137
为什么会有难民
出现在我们的南部边境呢？
出现在我们的南部边境呢？
02:21
Most of the immigrants and refugees
that are coming to our southern border
that are coming to our southern border
39
129732
3478
绝大多数的这样的移民和难民，
02:25
are fleeing three countries:
Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.
Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.
40
133234
4114
都从这三个国家逃难而来，
危地马拉、洪都拉斯和萨尔瓦多。
危地马拉、洪都拉斯和萨尔瓦多。
02:29
These countries are consistently ranked
41
137952
2408
这些国家长期以来被视为
02:32
among the most violent
countries in the world.
countries in the world.
42
140384
3311
世界上暴力事件最多的国家之一。
02:35
It's very difficult to be safe
in these countries,
in these countries,
43
143719
2367
在这些国家生活，
是很难保证安全的，
是很难保证安全的，
02:38
let alone build a future
for yourself and your family.
for yourself and your family.
44
146110
3265
更不要说为自己
和家庭创造未来了。
和家庭创造未来了。
02:42
And violence against
women and girls is pervasive.
women and girls is pervasive.
45
150180
2977
侵害妇女和女童
的暴力行为无处不在。
的暴力行为无处不在。
02:46
People have been fleeing Central America
46
154021
3270
人们逃离自己位于中美洲的家园，
02:49
for generations.
47
157315
1580
已经持续了好几代人。
02:50
Generations of refugees
have been coming to our shores,
have been coming to our shores,
48
158919
2608
一代又一代难民移民美国，
02:53
fleeing the civil wars of the 1980s,
49
161551
4761
因 20 世纪 80 年代的内战逃难而来，
02:58
in which the United States
was deeply involved.
was deeply involved.
50
166336
2232
这些战争的爆发，
美国都深深涉足其中。
美国都深深涉足其中。
03:01
This is nothing new.
51
169227
1357
这并不是什么新鲜事。
03:03
What's new is that recently,
there's been a spike in families,
there's been a spike in families,
52
171169
4768
新鲜的是最近逃难家庭的数量
出现了飙升现象，
出现了飙升现象，
03:07
children and families,
showing up at checkpoints
showing up at checkpoints
53
175961
2794
孩子们和逃难的家庭，
出现在过境关卡，
出现在过境关卡，
03:10
and presenting themselves to seek asylum.
54
178779
2335
提出寻求庇护的请求。
03:14
Now, this has been in the news lately,
55
182262
2166
这已经出现在最近的新闻中，
03:16
so I want you to remember a few things
as you see those images.
as you see those images.
56
184452
3318
所以我希望各位在看这些图片
的时候记住几件事。
的时候记住几件事。
03:19
One, this is not a historically high level
of interceptions at the southern border,
of interceptions at the southern border,
57
187794
6094
一，南部边境被截留的难民人数
并没有达到历史高位，
并没有达到历史高位，
03:25
and, in fact, people are presenting
themselves at checkpoints.
themselves at checkpoints.
58
193912
3111
而且，事实上，
人们滞留在过境关卡。
人们滞留在过境关卡。
03:29
Two, people are showing up
with the clothes on their backs;
with the clothes on their backs;
59
197444
4871
二，逃难的人们衣不蔽体；
03:34
some of them are literally in flip-flops.
60
202339
2342
有一些人的鞋破得像拖鞋一样。
03:36
And three, we're the most
powerful country in the world.
powerful country in the world.
61
204705
2946
三，我们的美国是
世界上最强大的国家。
世界上最强大的国家。
03:40
It's not a time to panic.
62
208204
1604
这不是该恐慌的时候。
03:42
It's easy from the safety
of the destination country
of the destination country
63
210601
2526
从目的国的安全角度考虑，
我们很容易
我们很容易
03:45
to think in terms of absolutes:
64
213151
1871
从绝对的视角来思考问题：
03:47
Is it legal, or is it illegal?
65
215046
2299
这是合法的，还是非法的？
03:49
But the people who are wrestling
with these questions
with these questions
66
217734
2503
但是正是这些
为上述问题纠结的人们，
为上述问题纠结的人们，
03:52
and making these decisions
about their families
about their families
67
220261
3815
在关乎难民家庭的问题上进行决策。
03:56
are thinking about
very different questions:
very different questions:
68
224100
2564
而这些家庭思考的
是截然不同的问题：
是截然不同的问题：
03:58
How do I keep my daughter safe?
69
226688
1873
我怎样保证我女儿的安全？
04:01
How do I protect my son?
70
229458
1442
我怎样保护我的儿子？
04:04
And if you want absolutes,
71
232114
2260
如果你要求绝对的视角，
04:06
it's absolutely legal to seek asylum.
72
234398
3013
寻求避难的做法是绝对合法的。
04:09
It is a fundamental right in our own laws
and in international law.
and in international law.
73
237862
4887
这是我们的法律以及国际法
规定的一项基本权利。
规定的一项基本权利。
04:14
And, in fact --
74
242773
1190
而且，事实上——
04:15
(Applause)
75
243987
6864
（掌声）
04:22
it stems from the 1951 Refugee Convention,
76
250875
3541
这一规定源于 1951 年
的《难民公约》，
的《难民公约》，
04:26
which was the world's response
to the Holocaust
to the Holocaust
77
254440
3072
这是国际社会
对犹太人大屠杀的回应，
对犹太人大屠杀的回应，
04:29
and a way for countries to say never again
would we return people to countries
would we return people to countries
78
257536
3810
也是所有国家对遣返难民
这种行为坚决说不的一种途径，
这种行为坚决说不的一种途径，
04:33
where they would harmed or killed.
79
261370
2204
在迁出国他们会被伤害甚至杀害。
04:36
There are several ways
refugees come to this country.
refugees come to this country.
80
264306
2521
有好几种难民迁移到
这个国家的方式。
这个国家的方式。
04:38
One is through the US Refugee
Admissions Program.
Admissions Program.
81
266851
2804
一种就是通过美国
难民安置计划。
难民安置计划。
04:41
Through that program, the US identifies
and selects refugees abroad
and selects refugees abroad
82
269679
4130
通过这一计划，美国政府确认
和选取国外的难民，
和选取国外的难民，
04:45
and brings them to the United States.
83
273833
2056
然后带至美国领土。
04:48
Last year, the US resettled fewer refugees
84
276527
3642
去年，美国重新安置的难民数量
04:52
than at any time since
the program began in 1980.
the program began in 1980.
85
280193
3681
是该计划自1980年
实施以来最低的数字。
实施以来最低的数字。
04:55
And this year, it'll probably be less.
86
283898
1958
而今年，这个数字可能还会减少。
04:58
And this is at a time when we have
more refugees in the world
more refugees in the world
87
286800
2963
而这一刻，世界上
拥有的难民数量
拥有的难民数量
05:01
than at any other time
in recorded history,
in recorded history,
88
289787
2055
比历史上任何时候都要多，
05:03
even since World War II.
89
291866
1389
甚至要比二战时还要多。
05:06
Another way that refugees
come to this country is by seeking asylum.
come to this country is by seeking asylum.
90
294020
3767
另一种就是难民通过
寻求避难的方式来到这个国家。
寻求避难的方式来到这个国家。
05:09
Asylum seekers are people
who present themselves at a border
who present themselves at a border
91
297811
3285
寻求避难者是一群
出现在一国边境
出现在一国边境
05:13
and say that they'll be persecuted
if they're sent back home.
if they're sent back home.
92
301120
3304
声明他们如若被遣返回国
将遭受迫害的人们。
将遭受迫害的人们。
05:16
An asylum seeker is simply somebody
who's going through the process
who's going through the process
93
304448
3214
一名寻求避难者只是一个
通过相关流程
通过相关流程
05:19
in the United States
94
307686
1159
在美国边境，
05:20
to prove that they meet
the refugee definition.
the refugee definition.
95
308869
2538
来证明自己符合难民标准的人。
05:25
And it's never been
more difficult to seek asylum.
more difficult to seek asylum.
96
313407
3436
而且也未出现过
寻求避难变得如此艰难的情况。
寻求避难变得如此艰难的情况。
05:28
Border guards are telling people
when they show up at our borders
when they show up at our borders
97
316867
3078
护边员正在告诉避难者们
当他们出现在我们边境的时候，
当他们出现在我们边境的时候，
05:31
that our country's full,
that they simply can't apply.
that they simply can't apply.
98
319969
2549
我们国家的安置名额已满，
他们就是不能提出申请了。
他们就是不能提出申请了。
05:34
This is unprecedented and illegal.
99
322542
1811
这是前所未有的，
也是不合法理的。
也是不合法理的。
05:36
Under a new program,
100
324828
2240
在一个新项目下，
05:39
with the kind of Orwellian title
"Migrant Protection Protocols,"
"Migrant Protection Protocols,"
101
327092
4166
该项目有着奥威尔式的标题
“移民保护协议”，
“移民保护协议”，
05:44
refugees are told
they have to wait in Mexico
they have to wait in Mexico
102
332472
2656
难民被告知
他们需要在墨西哥等候，
他们需要在墨西哥等候，
05:47
while their cases make their way
through the courts in the United States,
through the courts in the United States,
103
335152
3478
当他们的案件在美国法庭
进行审理批准的时候，
进行审理批准的时候，
而这一流程会耗上数月甚至数年。
05:50
and this can take months or years.
104
338654
1656
05:52
Meanwhile, they're not safe,
105
340334
1819
同时，他们的安全
并没有得到保障，
并没有得到保障，
05:54
and they have no access to lawyers.
106
342177
2023
他们也请不起律师。
05:57
Our country, our government,
has detained over 3,000 children,
has detained over 3,000 children,
107
345830
4360
我们的国家，我们的政府，
已经扣留了超过 3000 名儿童，
已经扣留了超过 3000 名儿童，
06:02
separating them from their parents' arms,
108
350214
2577
将他们从家庭的怀抱中抽离，
06:04
as a deterrent from seeking asylum.
109
352815
2086
作为震慑寻求避难行为的一种手段。
06:07
Many were toddlers,
110
355723
1409
他们有许多还是蹒跚学步的孩子，
06:09
and at least one was
a six-year-old blind girl.
a six-year-old blind girl.
111
357913
2644
而且至少有一名
是一个六岁的盲童女孩。
是一个六岁的盲童女孩。
06:12
And this is still going on.
112
360581
1481
而这一切还在继续。
06:14
We spend billions to detain people
in what are virtually prisons
in what are virtually prisons
113
362812
3868
我们花费了数百万来震慑避难者，
用着近乎对待罪犯的方式，
用着近乎对待罪犯的方式，
06:18
who have committed no crime.
114
366704
1537
而这群人并没有犯下任何罪行。
06:22
And family separation has become
the hallmark of our immigration system.
the hallmark of our immigration system.
115
370799
5431
分离家庭的做法已经成为
我们移民系统的标志。
我们移民系统的标志。
06:28
That's a far cry from a shining city
on a hill or a beacon of hope
on a hill or a beacon of hope
116
376603
5058
这与一座山上熠熠生辉的城市
或一座希望的灯塔相距甚远，
或一座希望的灯塔相距甚远，
06:33
or all of the other ways we like to talk
about ourselves and our values.
about ourselves and our values.
117
381685
3839
也与其他我们习惯于
标榜的自我形象和价值观相去甚远。
标榜的自我形象和价值观相去甚远。
06:38
Migration has always been with us,
and it always will be.
and it always will be.
118
386137
3248
移民现象一直存在于我们身边，
也会继续存在下去。
也会继续存在下去。
06:41
The reasons why people flee --
persecution, war, violence,
persecution, war, violence,
119
389899
3679
人们逃离迫害、战争、暴力、
06:45
climate change
120
393602
1513
气候变化的缘由，
06:47
and the ability now to see on your phone
what life is like in other places --
what life is like in other places --
121
395139
4290
还有你在手机上能看见的
其他角落生活状况都证明——
其他角落生活状况都证明——
06:51
those pressures are only growing.
122
399453
1816
这些压力只会进一步增加。
06:54
But there are ways that we can have
policies that reflect our values
policies that reflect our values
123
402602
5677
但是我们也有一些方式来
制定反映我们价值取向的政策，
制定反映我们价值取向的政策，
07:00
and actually make sense,
given the reality in the world.
given the reality in the world.
124
408303
2915
考虑到世界上目前的现状，
这也的确合乎情理。
这也的确合乎情理。
07:03
The first thing we need to do
is dial back the toxic rhetoric
is dial back the toxic rhetoric
125
411980
6083
我们要做的第一件事
就是减少于事无补的言论，
就是减少于事无补的言论，
07:10
that has been the basis of our national
debate on this issue for too long.
debate on this issue for too long.
126
418087
4691
这一言论已经成为了我们国家
在这一议题上辩论基础太久了。
在这一议题上辩论基础太久了。
07:15
(Applause)
127
423437
5114
（掌声）
07:22
I am not an immigrant or a refugee myself,
128
430702
3144
我本人不是一名移民或难民，
07:25
but I take these attacks personally,
because my grandparents were.
because my grandparents were.
129
433870
4000
但我把这些攻击看作针对我个人的，
因为我的祖辈们就是他们的一员。
因为我的祖辈们就是他们的一员。
07:31
My great-grandmother Rose
didn't see her kids for seven years,
didn't see her kids for seven years,
130
439211
4548
我的曾祖母罗斯长达 7 年
没能见到自己的孩子们，
没能见到自己的孩子们，
07:35
as she tried to bring them
from Poland to New York.
from Poland to New York.
131
443783
2462
她曾拼尽全力把他们
从波兰带到了美国，
从波兰带到了美国，
她在我祖父 7 岁时就离开了家，
07:38
She left my grandfather
when he was seven
when he was seven
132
446269
1931
直到祖父 14 岁时，
她才与祖父再次相见。
她才与祖父再次相见。
07:40
and didn't see him again
until he was 14.
until he was 14.
133
448224
2021
07:42
On the other side of my family,
134
450269
1596
在我家族故事的另一面，
我的祖母阿里扎
上世纪 30 年代离开波兰，
上世纪 30 年代离开波兰，
07:43
my grandmother Aliza
left Poland in the 1930s
left Poland in the 1930s
135
451889
3637
07:47
and left for what was then
the British Mandate of Palestine,
the British Mandate of Palestine,
136
455550
2873
来到了随后被称为
英属巴勒斯坦托管地的地方，
英属巴勒斯坦托管地的地方，
从此再也没见过
她的亲人和朋友们。
她的亲人和朋友们。
07:50
and she never saw
her family and friends again.
her family and friends again.
137
458447
2246
07:53
Global cooperation as a response
to global migration and displacement
to global migration and displacement
138
461741
5054
国际合作要成为
应对国际移民的回应，
应对国际移民的回应，
07:58
would go a long way towards making
migration something that isn't a crisis
migration something that isn't a crisis
139
466819
4485
还有很长的路要走，
把移民不再当作是一场危机
把移民不再当作是一场危机
08:03
but something that just is,
140
471328
1353
而是一件，仅仅是一件
08:04
and that we deal with
as a global community.
as a global community.
141
472705
2548
我们作为一个国际社会
可以应对的事情。
可以应对的事情。
08:08
Humanitarian aid is also critical.
142
476488
2405
人道主义援助也至关重要。
08:10
The amount of support we provide
to countries in Central America
to countries in Central America
143
478917
3001
我们花在中美洲国家的援助金额，
08:13
that are sending refugees and migrants
144
481942
2429
用以转移难民和移民的部分
08:16
is a tiny fraction of the amount
we spend on enforcement and detention.
we spend on enforcement and detention.
145
484395
5195
只是我们花在执行法令
和扣留儿童上的一小部分。
和扣留儿童上的一小部分。
08:22
And we can absolutely
have an asylum system that works.
have an asylum system that works.
146
490756
3769
而我们完全可以制定一套
发挥作用的难民庇护系统。
发挥作用的难民庇护系统。
08:27
For a tiny fraction of the cost of a wall,
147
495460
2720
只需修建边境墙资金的一小部分，
08:30
we could hire more judges,
148
498204
1381
我们就可以雇佣更多的法官，
08:31
make sure asylum seekers have lawyers
149
499609
2230
确保寻求避难者请的起律师，
08:33
and commit to a humane asylum system.
150
501863
2521
以及帮助建立一套
人道的难民庇护系统。
人道的难民庇护系统。
08:36
(Applause)
151
504955
4666
（掌声）
08:45
And we could resettle more refugees.
152
513090
2566
我们可以重新安置更多的难民。
08:48
To give you a sense of the decline
in the refugee program:
in the refugee program:
153
516118
3173
为了让你知晓
难民安置项目的缩减：
难民安置项目的缩减：
08:51
three years ago, the US resettled
15,000 Syrian refugees
15,000 Syrian refugees
154
519315
4259
三年前，美国政府重新安置了
15000 名叙利亚难民
15000 名叙利亚难民
08:55
in response to the largest
refugee crisis on earth.
refugee crisis on earth.
155
523598
2639
作为对世界上
最大的难民危机的回应。
最大的难民危机的回应。
08:58
A year later, that number was 3,000.
156
526261
3117
一年后，这个数字是 3000。
09:01
And last year, that number was 62 people.
157
529402
3435
去年，这个数字是 62。
09:06
62 people.
158
534109
1731
62 名难民。
09:08
Despite the harsh rhetoric
and efforts to block immigration,
and efforts to block immigration,
159
536819
3900
尽管存在激烈的舆论
和各方势力来阻挡难民潮，
和各方势力来阻挡难民潮，
09:12
keep refugees out of the country,
160
540743
1937
阻止难民进入这个国家，
09:14
support for refugees and immigrants
in this country, according to polls,
in this country, according to polls,
161
542704
3381
然而根据民意调查，这个国家
对于难民和移民支持的呼声，
对于难民和移民支持的呼声，
09:18
has never been higher.
162
546109
1243
已经到达了史无前例的高度。
09:19
Organizations like HIAS, where I work,
163
547376
1941
类似于我就职的 HIAS 这样的组织，
09:21
and other humanitarian
and faith-based organizations,
and faith-based organizations,
164
549341
2508
还有其他的人道主义
和信仰为基础的组织的存在，
和信仰为基础的组织的存在，
09:23
make it easy for you to take a stand
165
551873
2147
为你提供了选择立场的便利，
09:26
when there's a law that's worth opposing
166
554044
2570
当有这么一条法律值得反对时，
09:28
or a law that's worth supporting
or a policy that needs oversight.
or a policy that needs oversight.
167
556638
3377
或是有这么一条法律值得支持时，
或有这么一条政策需要监督时。
或有这么一条政策需要监督时。
09:32
If you have a phone,
168
560485
1351
如果你有一部手机的话，
09:33
you can do something,
169
561860
1323
你就可以做一些事情，
09:35
and if you want to do more, you can.
170
563207
1748
甚至可以做得更多。
09:36
I will tell you that if you see
one of these detention centers
one of these detention centers
171
564979
3596
我会告诉你，如果你看见
其中一个拘留中心
其中一个拘留中心
09:40
along the border
172
568599
1255
坐落在边境边上，
09:41
with children in them -- they're jails --
173
569878
1957
还关押着孩子们——它们是监狱——
09:43
you will never be the same.
174
571849
1473
而你永远无法感同身受。
09:47
What I loved so much
about my call with Ellie
about my call with Ellie
175
575320
2595
在我和埃莉的通话中
我十分欣赏的部分是，
我十分欣赏的部分是，
09:50
was that she knew in her core
that the stories of her grandparents
that the stories of her grandparents
176
578792
3856
她在内心深处知道
她祖辈们的故事
她祖辈们的故事
09:55
were no different than today's stories,
177
583537
2139
和如今发生的故事并无区别，
09:57
and she wanted to do something about it.
178
585700
2066
她还想做一些事情来帮助他们。
10:00
If I leave you with one thing,
179
588974
2346
如果今天我只能给各位留下一句话，
10:03
beyond the backstory
for Mr. Potato Head,
for Mr. Potato Head,
180
591344
2402
在“蛋头先生”的背景故事之外——
10:05
which is, of course,
a good story to leave with,
a good story to leave with,
181
593770
3428
当然，这是值得被留下一句话——
10:09
it's that a country shows strength
182
597222
4148
那就是一个国家要展现自身的强大，
10:14
through compassion and pragmatism,
183
602522
2317
是通过同情和务实
10:16
not through force and through fear.
184
604863
1907
而不是通过武力和恐惧。
10:19
(Applause)
185
607448
5993
（掌声）
10:29
These stories of the Hassenfelds
and my relatives and your relatives
and my relatives and your relatives
186
617139
4166
哈森菲尔德兄弟的故事，
我的亲人还有你的亲人们的故事，
我的亲人还有你的亲人们的故事，
10:33
are still happening today;
they're all the same.
they're all the same.
187
621329
2550
今天还在上演；
这些故事都是一样的。
这些故事都是一样的。
10:37
A country is strong
when it says to the refugee,
when it says to the refugee,
188
625269
3277
一个强大国家会对难民说的
10:40
not, "Go away," but,
189
628570
3197
不是“滚开”，而是
10:43
"It's OK, we've got you, you're safe."
190
631791
2817
“没事，有我在呢，你安全了。”
10:47
Thank you.
191
635112
1163
谢谢！
10:48
(Applause)
192
636299
2825
（掌声）
10:51
Thanks.
193
639148
1206
谢谢！
10:52
(Applause)
194
640378
1361
（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Melanie Nezer - Refugee and immigrants rights attorneyMelanie Nezer is a national leader in efforts to inform and educate individuals, institutions, elected officials and communities about refugees and asylum seekers.
Why you should listen
Melanie Nezer is Senior Vice President for Public Affairs for HIAS, the American Jewish community's international refugee agency. Founded in 1881, HIAS is the oldest refugee agency in the world and has helped refugees from all over the world find safety and freedom. In 17 years at HIAS, Nezer has shaped much of the agency's policy and advocacy agenda and its legal work. She previously served as HIAS's Vice President for Policy and Advocacy, as Migration Policy Counsel and as Director of HIAS's Employment Visa Program, representing at-risk Jewish professionals and religious workers seeking to work in the US during times of instability and crisis in their home countries.
Before joining HIAS, Nezer was the Immigration Policy Director for the organization now known as US Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, where -- in addition to conducting advocacy on immigration and asylum issues -- she was co-editor of Refugee Reports and a writer for the annual World Refugee Survey. Prior to her work in Washington DC, Nezer was in private legal practice in Miami, Florida, where she specialized in immigration law and criminal defense.
Learn more about Nezer's work by watching "The Ground Beneath My Children's Feet: Refugees and the Jewish Story," "'We Stand with You'": HIAS Responds to Synagogue Massacre with Message of Hope for Refugees," by listening to "HIAS Responds to Deadly Attack on Pittsburgh Synagogue," and by reading "Refugee Order Demystified, Q&A with Nezer of HIAS," and "The Global Plan for Dealing with Refugees Isn't Broken, It's Nearly Broke."
Melanie Nezer | Speaker | TED.com