TEDxIslay
Keith Nolan: Deaf in the military
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Keith Nolan always wanted to join the United States military -- but he’s deaf, an automatic disqualification according to military rules. In this talk, he describes his fight to fight for his country. (In American Sign Language, with real time translation.)
(Filmed at TEDxIslay.)
Keith Nolan - Teacher
Keith Nolan doesn't believe his deafness should be a barrier to serving his country -- and is making the case for increasing the role of citizens with disabilities in the military. Full bio
Keith Nolan doesn't believe his deafness should be a barrier to serving his country -- and is making the case for increasing the role of citizens with disabilities in the military. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:10
(Interpreter voice-over) Hello, everyone.
My name is Keith Nolan.
My name is Keith Nolan.
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（手譯員旁白）大家好，
我叫凱斯 • 諾蘭。
我叫凱斯 • 諾蘭。
00:14
I’m a cadet private.
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我是軍校實習二等兵。
00:19
My talk today is on the topic
of the military.
of the military.
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我今天的演說主題是軍隊。
00:23
How many of you out there thought
you’d ever like to join the military?
you’d ever like to join the military?
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在座有多少人有想過要從軍？
00:26
I see a number of you nodding.
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我看到一些人點頭。
00:28
And I thought the same thing
ever since I was young.
ever since I was young.
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我很小的時候就有這個念頭了。
00:31
Growing up, I’d always wanted
to join the military.
to join the military.
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成長過程中，我一直都想要從軍。
00:34
I loved military history
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我愛軍史，
00:36
and I’ve read a great deal on the subject.
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我讀了相當多的相關資料。
00:39
Also, I have various family members,
such as my grandfather and great uncle,
such as my grandfather and great uncle,
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此外，我有幾位家人，
比如我的祖父和叔公，
比如我的祖父和叔公，
00:43
who fought in World War II.
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都打過二次大戰。
00:44
And like them, I wanted the same thing:
to serve my country.
to serve my country.
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我想要的和他們一樣：為國家效命。
00:48
So the question is: Can I?
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問題是：我能嗎？
00:49
No, I can’t.
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不，我不能。
00:51
Why? Simply because I’m deaf.
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為什麼？就因為我聽不見。
00:54
Regardless of that fact, I still had
that longing to join the military.
that longing to join the military.
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儘管如此，我依然渴望從軍。
00:59
For example, after I graduated
from high school,
from high school,
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像是我高中畢業後，
01:03
three months before 9/11 occurred,
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在發生 911 事件的３個月前，
01:05
I went to a naval recruiting center
with high hopes of joining the navy.
with high hopes of joining the navy.
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我抱著能加入海軍的極大期望
去了海軍的招募中心。
去了海軍的招募中心。
01:09
I went in and a strapping naval man
stood up and addressed me.
stood up and addressed me.
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我走進去，一個魁梧的
海軍人員站起來對我說話。
海軍人員站起來對我說話。
01:13
As he was speaking to me,
it was impossible for me to read his lips,
it was impossible for me to read his lips,
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當他對我說話時，
我完全無法讀他的唇，
我完全無法讀他的唇，
01:18
so I said, “I'm sorry, I’m deaf.”
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所以我說：「抱歉，我聽不到。」
01:22
He tore off a little piece of paper
and wrote down three words:
and wrote down three words:
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他撕下了一張紙，寫下了幾個字：
01:25
“Bad ear. Disqual.”
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「失聰。不合。」
01:27
He didn't even fully
spell out "Disqualified,"
spell out "Disqualified,"
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他甚至沒有把「不合格」寫完整。
01:30
just: “Bad ear. Disqual.”
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只寫了「失聰。不合。」
01:33
So I went on my way.
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所以我就離開了。
01:35
I tried various locations a number
of different times, trying to join,
of different times, trying to join,
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我在不同的地點試了好幾次，
試圖想要加入，
試圖想要加入，
01:39
but over and over again,
I got the same response:
I got the same response:
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但我每次都得到同樣的回應：
01:41
“Sorry, you’re deaf. We can’t accept you.”
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「抱歉。你聽不到。
我們不能讓你入伍。」
我們不能讓你入伍。」
01:44
So I shifted gears
and decided to become a teacher.
and decided to become a teacher.
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所以我轉換志向，
決定成為一名老師。
決定成為一名老師。
01:46
I completed a master's in deaf education
and taught for almost two years,
and taught for almost two years,
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我取得了聽障教育的碩士學位，
教了快兩年的書，
教了快兩年的書，
01:51
until this past spring,
when three things occurred
when three things occurred
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直到這個春天，發生了三件事，
01:53
that changed that course,
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改變了我的道路，
01:55
the first of which, while I was teaching
a high school history class.
a high school history class.
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第一件事，當我在教高中歷史課時，
01:58
I’d lectured on the Mexican-American War.
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教到美墨戰爭。
02:01
The bell had rung,
and I was seated at my desk,
and I was seated at my desk,
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下課鈴聲響了，我坐在我的書桌前，
02:03
when one of my students,
who is deaf, approached me
who is deaf, approached me
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我的一位聽障學生過來找我，
02:06
and said that he’d like
to join the military.
to join the military.
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他說他想要從軍。
02:08
I said, “Ah, sorry.
You can’t. You're deaf.”
You can’t. You're deaf.”
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我說：「啊，抱歉。
你不能，你有聽障。」
你不能，你有聽障。」
02:11
Then I caught myself.
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接著我回過神來。
02:13
It struck me that all along
I had been told no, I can’t,
I had been told no, I can’t,
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我突然想起，長久以來別人
總是告訴我，不，我不能，
總是告訴我，不，我不能，
02:16
and now I was perpetuating
that same message
that same message
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而現在我正傳遞著同樣的訊息
02:18
to the next generation, to my own student.
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延續給下一代，給我自己的學生。
02:21
That realization had a large impact
that really resonated with me.
that really resonated with me.
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意識到這一點，對我的衝擊很大，
一直在我腦中迴響。
一直在我腦中迴響。
02:25
Now, the second thing that happened,
my friend had just moved to Israel.
my friend had just moved to Israel.
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第二件事，是我的朋友
剛搬到以色列。
剛搬到以色列。
02:28
Did you know that in Israel
they accept deaf people into the military?
they accept deaf people into the military?
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你們知道在以色列聽障人士
是可以從軍的嗎？
是可以從軍的嗎？
02:31
How can deaf people be
in the military, right?
in the military, right?
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聽障人士怎麼可能從軍，對吧？
02:34
Could this really be true? Come on!
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這有可能是真的嗎？拜託！
02:36
Well, I went to Israel last summer
to see for myself.
to see for myself.
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我去年夏天就自己跑去
以色列一探究竟。
以色列一探究竟。
02:39
I interviewed 10 deaf Israeli soldiers,
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我訪談了十位以色列的聽障士兵，
02:42
all of those video interviews
and questions I’ve compiled,
and questions I’ve compiled,
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所有的訪談影片、
我匯編的問題及調查結果，
我匯編的問題及調查結果，
02:45
and the findings,
I’ll share with you later.
I’ll share with you later.
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稍後都會和各位分享。
02:47
Thirdly, CSUN here, my alma mater,
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第三，加州州立大學
北嶺分校，我的母校，
北嶺分校，我的母校，
02:50
had recently started up
an Army ROTC program.
an Army ROTC program.
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近期開始了一項陸軍 ROTC 計畫，
02:54
ROTC, which stands for
Reserve Officer Training Corps,
Reserve Officer Training Corps,
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ROTC 代表的是
大學儲備軍官訓練團，
大學儲備軍官訓練團，
02:59
allows students working on
their college majors
their college majors
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它讓學生可以一邊唸大學，
03:01
to concurrently participate
in the ROTC program.
in the ROTC program.
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同時還能參與 ROTC 計畫。
03:04
Upon graduation, ROTC students
have a military career
have a military career
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ROTC 學生在畢業之後，
就有個軍人職涯準備好在等著他們。
03:07
ready and waiting for them.
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03:09
So if one joined the army, one could
commission as a second lieutenant.
commission as a second lieutenant.
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所以，如果加入陸軍，
就可以被任命為少尉。
就可以被任命為少尉。
加州州立大學北嶺分校的
ROTC 計畫大致就是這樣。
ROTC 計畫大致就是這樣。
03:12
That's generally the ROTC
program here at CSUN.
program here at CSUN.
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03:15
Having learned that, I was intrigued.
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這點引發了我的好奇心。
03:18
I already had a profession as a teacher,
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我已經有了老師的職業，
03:20
but I went ahead anyway
and sent an email off to the program,
and sent an email off to the program,
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但我還是發了一封
電子郵件給這個計畫，
電子郵件給這個計畫，
03:23
explaining that I was
a teacher of the deaf,
a teacher of the deaf,
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解釋說我是教聽障學生的老師，
03:25
wondering if I could take
a few classes with them
a few classes with them
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不知道我能否去上幾門他們的課，
03:27
and perhaps share their lessons
with my students.
with my students.
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也許能和我的學生分享所學的新知。
03:30
I got an email response back,
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我收到了回信，
03:32
and surprisingly, it was the first
time that I wasn't told,
time that I wasn't told,
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很意外，這是第一次對方沒有說：
03:35
"Sorry, no, you can’t. You’re deaf."
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「抱歉，你不能。你聽不見。」
03:37
It said, "Well, that's interesting.
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回信寫著：「這挺有趣的。
03:39
I think maybe we can work something out
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我想也許我們能想想辦法，
03:41
and you can take a few classes with us."
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你可以來上我們的幾門課。」
03:44
This was unprecedented.
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這是史無先例的。
03:46
So naturally, I was shocked.
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很自然的，我很驚訝。
03:48
Although I was teaching, I decided I had
to grab the opportunity right away
to grab the opportunity right away
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雖然我在教書，但我決定
我得要馬上抓住這個機會，
我得要馬上抓住這個機會，
邁出第一步奪得先機。
03:52
and get my foot in the door.
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總之，就是這樣發生的。
03:53
Altogether, that's how it transpired.
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03:56
Now, with all my life experiences,
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現在，以我自身的所有經驗，
03:58
having talked with all the people I had,
and given everything I’ve read,
and given everything I’ve read,
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加上訪談過的人和閱讀過的素材，
04:02
I decided to write a research paper
called “Deaf in the Military.”
called “Deaf in the Military.”
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我決定要寫一篇研究論文，
叫做「軍中的聽障者」。
叫做「軍中的聽障者」。
04:06
I'll share with you
what those 98 pages entail.
what those 98 pages entail.
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我會和各位分享
這 98 頁論文的內容。
這 98 頁論文的內容。
04:11
Here in America, we’ve actually had
deaf soldiers serving in the past.
deaf soldiers serving in the past.
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在美國，過去其實有過聽障士兵。
04:14
In fact, during
the Texas War of Independence,
the Texas War of Independence,
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事實上，在德克薩斯獨立戰爭中，
04:17
there was a key character
named Deaf Smith,
named Deaf Smith,
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有個關鍵人物，
叫德夫（聾子）史密斯，
叫德夫（聾子）史密斯，
04:19
who made a large contribution
to that war effort.
to that war effort.
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他對於那場戰爭有很大的貢獻。
04:23
For the American Civil War,
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至於南北戰爭，
04:24
Gallaudet University actually has archived
a list of deaf soldiers in that war
a list of deaf soldiers in that war
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高立德大學有一張記錄清單，
列出在該戰爭中的聽障士兵，
列出在該戰爭中的聽障士兵，
04:28
from the North and the South,
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北方和南方都有，
顯示聽障士兵甚至還彼此對打。
04:30
showing that deaf soldiers
were even fighting against each other.
were even fighting against each other.
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04:33
During World War II,
there are a few rare examples
there are a few rare examples
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在二次世界大戰期間，
還有幾個聽障人士從軍
04:36
of deaf people who made it
into the military at that time
into the military at that time
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並為國家效命的罕見例子。
04:39
and were able to serve
their country as well.
their country as well.
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04:41
History illustrates the fact
that America has had deaf soldiers,
that America has had deaf soldiers,
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歷史說明事實上美國有過聽障士兵，
04:44
in contrast to today.
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現今卻不是如此。
在我的論文中，我也討論了
以色列的聽障士兵。
以色列的聽障士兵。
04:46
In my paper, I also discuss
the deaf Israeli soldiers.
the deaf Israeli soldiers.
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04:50
I learned that they serve
in non-combat roles.
in non-combat roles.
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我發現，他們扮演的是
非戰鬥的角色。
非戰鬥的角色。
04:52
The deaf soldiers are not
on the front lines engaged in fire,
on the front lines engaged in fire,
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聽障士兵不會在最前線與敵人交戰，
04:56
but rather, are behind the lines
serving in supportive roles.
serving in supportive roles.
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而是在戰線後方扮演支援的角色。
04:59
There are a plethora of various
non-combat jobs accessible to the deaf:
non-combat jobs accessible to the deaf:
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有很多各式各樣的非戰鬥工作
可以讓聽障者擔任：
可以讓聽障者擔任：
05:02
intelligence, computer technology,
map drawing, supply,
map drawing, supply,
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情報、電腦科技、地圖繪製、補給、
05:06
military dog training --
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軍事犬訓練－－
05:07
the list goes on.
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還有很多。
05:09
The communication
between deaf Israeli soldiers
between deaf Israeli soldiers
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聽障的以色列士兵
和其他聽力正常的士兵之間的溝通，
05:11
and other soldiers who are hearing
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05:13
is carried out with the same approaches
deaf people in general use
deaf people in general use
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使用的方式就是聽障人士日常生活中
和一般大眾溝通的方式。
05:16
with the hearing public on a daily basis.
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05:18
You can use your voice,
lip-read, gestures,
lip-read, gestures,
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你可以用你的聲音、唇語、手勢，
05:20
sometimes another soldier knows
sign language and that can be utilized,
sign language and that can be utilized,
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有時也有其他會手語的士兵可協助，
05:24
pen and paper, texts, computers, emails --
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紙筆、訊息、電腦、電子郵件－－
05:27
seriously, there’s no
magic wand necessary.
magic wand necessary.
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說真的，並不需要魔杖也行。
05:29
It's the same thing we do every day.
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這就是我們每天在做的事。
05:31
Interpreters are used there primarily
for boot camp training.
for boot camp training.
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手譯員主要在新兵訓練時才會用到。
05:35
For the average work, it’s not necessary
to have an interpreter by your side.
to have an interpreter by your side.
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一般的工作並不需要
有位手譯員在你身邊。
有位手譯員在你身邊。
05:38
The Israeli Army is comprised
of small groups.
of small groups.
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以色列軍隊是由小團體組成。
05:41
Each of these units with deaf
soldiers have developed
soldiers have developed
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每一個有聽障士兵的單位都發展出
05:43
their own way of communicating
with each other,
with each other,
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他們自己彼此溝通的方式，
05:46
so there’s no need for interpreters.
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所以並不需要手譯員。
05:48
The top picture is of one soldier I met.
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上面的照片是我
見到的其中一位士兵。
見到的其中一位士兵。
05:51
The bottom photo
is of Prime Minister Begin
is of Prime Minister Begin
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下面的照片是比金總理
05:53
with a deaf soldier in Israel.
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與一位聽障的以色列士兵。
05:57
Another part of my paper touches on
disabled soldiers in the US Military.
disabled soldiers in the US Military.
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我的論文另一個部分是在談
美軍裡身心障礙的士兵。
美軍裡身心障礙的士兵。
06:02
Obviously, military work can be dangerous
and involve injury.
and involve injury.
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顯然地，軍方的工作
具危險性且隨時會受傷。
具危險性且隨時會受傷。
06:06
One example here is Captain Luckett.
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路賽特上尉就是一個例子。
06:08
Due to an explosion, he lost his leg.
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在一次爆炸中，他失去了一條腿。
06:11
He’s recovered and currently has
a prosthetic leg.
a prosthetic leg.
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他目前已經康復並裝上了義肢。
06:15
Now that he’s strong, he's back in combat,
still fighting in Afghanistan.
still fighting in Afghanistan.
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他很堅強，他已經回去打仗，
仍然在阿富汗戰鬥著。
仍然在阿富汗戰鬥著。
06:20
It’s remarkable.
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很不可思議。
06:22
And guess what? He’s not the only one.
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猜猜如何？他不是唯一的一位。
06:25
There are 40 other soldiers like him,
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另外還有 40 名像他這樣的士兵，
06:27
amputees who are serving in combat zones.
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雖被截肢但仍然在戰區服役。
06:30
Incredible.
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相當了不起。
06:31
Also, we have a blind soldier here.
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我們還有一位失明的士兵。
06:33
While he was in Iraq,
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當他在伊拉克時，
06:35
an explosion from a suicide car bomber
destroyed his eyesight.
destroyed his eyesight.
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自殺汽車炸彈客的爆炸攻擊
毀了他的視力。
毀了他的視力。
06:40
He’s recovered and hasn’t left the army.
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他康復了而且沒有離開軍隊。
06:43
The army has retained him on active duty,
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軍隊留住他讓他繼續值勤，
06:45
and he’s currently running a hospital
for wounded soldiers.
for wounded soldiers.
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他目前負責醫院裡受傷士兵的照管。
06:48
I also found out online
about another soldier,
about another soldier,
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我也在網路上發現有另一名士兵，
06:51
who is deaf in one ear.
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他的一隻耳朵失聰。
06:53
He’s developed civil programs in Iraq,
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他在伊拉克發展民間專案計畫，
06:55
one of which actually started
a school for the deaf in Iraq.
a school for the deaf in Iraq.
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其中一項就是在伊拉克
成立一間聽障學校。
成立一間聽障學校。
07:01
All of this is incredible.
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這些都很了不起。
07:03
But I am going to ask all of you:
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但我想要問在座所有人：
07:05
If the US Military can retain
their disabled soldiers,
their disabled soldiers,
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如果美軍能讓這些成為身障的
軍人繼續執勤，
軍人繼續執勤，
07:09
why can’t they accept
disabled citizens as well?
disabled citizens as well?
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為何他們不能接受身障的公民從軍？
07:14
Moreover, out of all the US Military jobs,
80% are non-combat positions.
80% are non-combat positions.
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此外，在所有的美國軍方工作中，
有 80％ 是非戰鬥的職務。
有 80％ 是非戰鬥的職務。
07:20
There are many jobs that we
in the Deaf community can do.
in the Deaf community can do.
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有許多工作都是我們
聽障族群可以做的。
聽障族群可以做的。
07:24
If I were to be in the military,
I’d like to do intelligence work.
I’d like to do intelligence work.
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如果我在軍中，我會想做情報工作。
07:27
But there is an array
of other things we can do,
of other things we can do,
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但還有一大堆我們可以做的事，
07:30
such as mechanics, finance, medicine, etc.
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比如機工、財務、醫療等等。
07:33
So to summarize, I’ve presented
three premises to support my argument,
three premises to support my argument,
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總結一下，我提出了三項
前提假設來支持我的論點，
前提假設來支持我的論點，
07:37
the first being, Israeli defense
openly accepts deaf soldiers.
openly accepts deaf soldiers.
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第一，以色列國防軍
公開接受聽障士兵。
公開接受聽障士兵。
07:40
If you have the qualities
and skills required, they’ll take you.
and skills required, they’ll take you.
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如果你有其所需的特質和技能，
他們就會招募你。
他們就會招募你。
07:43
Secondly, the US Military
has accommodations
has accommodations
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第二，美國軍方有無障礙設施
07:46
for retaining their disabled soldiers.
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提供給身障的士兵。
07:48
And lastly, 80% of occupations
in the military are non-combat.
in the military are non-combat.
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最後，80％ 的軍中職務
是非戰鬥性質的。
是非戰鬥性質的。
07:53
Now, can we Deaf Americans
serve our country?
serve our country?
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所以，我們聽障美國人
可以為國家效命嗎？
可以為國家效命嗎？
07:56
Yes! Of course!
Absolutely, without a doubt!
Absolutely, without a doubt!
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可以！當然！絕對可以，毫無疑問！
08:02
Now I’ll explain a bit
about my experience in the Army ROTC,
about my experience in the Army ROTC,
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讓我解釋一下我在
陸軍 ROTC 的經歷，
陸軍 ROTC 的經歷，
08:05
which began last fall.
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從去年秋天開始。
08:07
I have been involved with that thus far
and it’s still going on now.
and it’s still going on now.
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迄今我一直都在這個
計畫中，現在還是。
計畫中，現在還是。
08:11
Really, I need to preface this
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我需要先做個引言，
08:13
by saying that this is the first time
my battalion had ever had a deaf cadet.
my battalion had ever had a deaf cadet.
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我要說這是我所屬的營
第一次有聽障軍校生。
第一次有聽障軍校生。
08:17
They had never experienced that before.
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他們從沒有過這種經驗。
08:19
So of course, they were taken aback,
wondering, initially,
wondering, initially,
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當然，一開始他們很震驚也很納悶，
08:23
how I would do this or that,
how would we communicate and such,
how would we communicate and such,
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我要如何做這個或那個，
我們要如何溝通等等，
我們要如何溝通等等，
08:27
which is a natural reaction,
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這是自然的反應，
08:28
considering that many of them
had never interacted with a deaf person
had never interacted with a deaf person
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畢竟他們當中很多人
從來沒有和聽障人士互動過，
從來沒有和聽障人士互動過，
我是第一個。
08:31
prior to me.
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08:33
Plus, I was taken aback by this --
it was the real thing, the army.
it was the real thing, the army.
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此外，我對此事也很訝異——
要玩真的了，軍隊。
要玩真的了，軍隊。
08:37
I had to learn a whole new world,
full of military jargon,
full of military jargon,
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我得要學習一個全新的世界，
充滿了軍中的行話，
充滿了軍中的行話，
08:40
with its own culture and everything.
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有它自己的文化和一切。
08:44
So we started out slow,
getting to know each other
getting to know each other
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我們開始先慢慢來，互相認識彼此，
08:47
and learning how
to work together, progressively.
to work together, progressively.
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一步步學習如何一起共事。
08:50
For example, on the first day
of class, I had no uniform.
of class, I had no uniform.
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比如，開課的第一天，我沒有制服。
08:54
So I showed up in regular clothes,
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所以我穿著便服出席，
08:56
while the other cadets
were all in uniform.
were all in uniform.
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所有其他軍校生都穿著制服。
08:58
I found out that every morning at 5:30,
there was physical training, PT.
there was physical training, PT.
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我發現，每天早上 5:30
都有體能訓練，簡稱 PT。
都有體能訓練，簡稱 PT。
09:04
On Fridays, there would be
field training -- labs -- off-campus,
field training -- labs -- off-campus,
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在星期五，會有實地演練
——實驗室——在校區外，
——實驗室——在校區外，
09:08
and occasionally, we would have
weekend training at a military base.
weekend training at a military base.
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我們偶爾會在軍事基地做週末訓練。
09:12
So I showed up, ready,
each morning at 5:30,
each morning at 5:30,
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所以我每天早上 5:30
都出現且準備好了，
都出現且準備好了，
09:14
with all the cadets in uniform
and me in civilian clothes.
and me in civilian clothes.
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所有的軍校生都穿制服，
只有我穿便服。
只有我穿便服。
09:17
They told me, “Hey, you know,
you don't need to work out.
you don't need to work out.
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他們告訴我：「嘿，
你知道嗎，你不需要鍛練。
你知道嗎，你不需要鍛練。
你可以單純來上課就好了。」
09:20
You can just simply take classes.”
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09:21
I told them I wanted to, anyway.
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我告訴他們，不論如何
我都想要參加。
我都想要參加。
09:23
They acknowledged that, and I continued
to show up every morning to train.
to show up every morning to train.
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他們認可了這一點，我每天
早上就持續出現參加訓練。
早上就持續出現參加訓練。
09:26
When Friday came,
I asked if I could do the field training.
I asked if I could do the field training.
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星期五到來時，我詢問
我能否去實地演練。
我能否去實地演練。
他們說，不行，上課就好。
09:29
I was told no, just stick with class.
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09:31
I insisted that I wanted to try.
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我堅持我想要試試看。
09:34
Somewhat reluctantly,
they let me attend the lab,
they let me attend the lab,
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雖有些不願意，
但還是讓我去了實驗室，
但還是讓我去了實驗室，
09:37
but only as an observer;
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但只能當觀察者；
09:38
I would only be allowed
to sit and watch, not participate.
to sit and watch, not participate.
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我只可坐在旁邊看，不能參與。
09:42
Alright, so, I showed up on Friday,
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好，所以我星期五出席了，
09:44
and watched as the cadets learned
marching drill commands,
marching drill commands,
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看軍校學生學習行軍口令的操練，
09:47
like how to stand at attention,
how to properly salute,
how to properly salute,
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像是如何立正、如何恰當地敬禮，
09:50
and all the basics.
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所有的基礎。
09:51
I had to ask again if I could join.
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我得要再問一次我能否加入。
09:53
Finally, I got the go-ahead.
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終於，我獲准了。
09:55
I went to get in formation.
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我也進了列隊中。
09:56
I figured I better stand
in the second line,
in the second line,
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我想我站在第二排會比較好，
09:58
so I could watch what the cadets
were doing in the row ahead of me.
were doing in the row ahead of me.
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我可以看前排的軍校生在做什麼。
10:02
But the officer who opened the door
for me to join the ROTC program
for me to join the ROTC program
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但同意讓我加入 ROTC 計畫的軍官
10:06
spotted me in the back and said,
“Hey! Uh-uh. I want you in the front.
“Hey! Uh-uh. I want you in the front.
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發現我在後面，說：「嘿！
呃，我要你到前面來。
呃，我要你到前面來。
10:10
You want to be a soldier?
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你想要成為士兵？
10:11
You've got to learn the commands
just like the rest of them.
just like the rest of them.
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你就得和所有其他人
一樣學會聽命令。
一樣學會聽命令。
你不能跟著其他人做。
你要自己學！」
你要自己學！」
10:14
You’re not going to follow other people.
Learn it yourself!”
Learn it yourself!”
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10:17
I thought, "Wow.
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我心想：「哇。
10:18
He’s viewing me like any person,
giving dignity to who I am."
giving dignity to who I am."
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他把我當一般人看待，
讓我很有尊嚴。」
讓我很有尊嚴。」
10:21
I was impressed by that.
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那讓我印象深刻。
10:23
So as the weeks went by,
I still didn’t have a uniform.
I still didn’t have a uniform.
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幾週過去了，我仍然沒有制服。
10:26
I asked if it would be possible
to get one, but I was told it wasn't.
to get one, but I was told it wasn't.
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我詢問有沒有可能拿到一件，
但我被告知不能。
但我被告知不能。
10:30
So I continued on that way,
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我就繼續這樣下去，
10:31
until one day, I was informed
that I’d be getting a uniform.
that I’d be getting a uniform.
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直到有一天，我收到通知
說我會拿到一件制服。
說我會拿到一件制服。
10:36
"Please!" I said, “Really?
Why? What changed?”
Why? What changed?”
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「拜託！」我說：「真的假的？
為什麼？什麼改變了？」
為什麼？什麼改變了？」
10:39
I was told, “We see your motivation,
you show up every morning, dedicated,
you show up every morning, dedicated,
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我被告知：「我們看到你的動力，
你每早都出席、全心投入，
你每早都出席、全心投入，
10:43
and always gave a 110% effort.”
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永遠付出 110％ 的努力。」
10:45
They wanted to give me the uniform.
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他們想要給我一件制服。
10:47
It was remarkable.
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那很不可思議。
10:48
We went to the warehouse
to get my uniform.
to get my uniform.
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我們到倉庫去拿我的制服。
我預期我會拿到一件制服、
一雙靴子，就這樣。
一雙靴子，就這樣。
10:50
I assumed I’d just get a uniform
and a pair of boots, nothing more.
and a pair of boots, nothing more.
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但他們把兩個圓筒包塞滿了裝備：
10:54
But they filled two duffel bags
chock-full of gear:
chock-full of gear:
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頭盔、戰術背心、鏟子、
睡袋——應有盡有。
睡袋——應有盡有。
10:57
helmet, ammo vest, shovel,
sleeping bag -- the whole nine yards.
sleeping bag -- the whole nine yards.
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11:00
I was astonished.
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我驚呆了。
11:03
And I have to tell you,
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我得告訴各位，
11:05
each morning that I get up
and put on my uniform,
and put on my uniform,
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每天早上我起床穿上制服，
11:09
I feel privileged.
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我感到好幸運。
11:11
It’s truly an honor to wear the uniform.
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能穿上制服真的是我的榮幸。
11:15
So, moving along,
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所以，繼續說下去，
11:17
when it came time to train
at the garrison base,
at the garrison base,
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到了要到駐防基地訓練時，
11:20
at first, I was told I couldn’t go.
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一開始，我被告知我不能去。
11:22
There was concern on the ROTC's part
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ROTC 那邊有人有所考量，
11:24
that if the interpreter
were to get injured during the training,
were to get injured during the training,
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怕手譯員會在訓練中受傷，
那就有責任問題了。
11:27
it would be a liability issue.
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所以我們得要想辦法
處理這些問題和困惑，
處理這些問題和困惑，
11:28
So we had to figure out
all those issues and confusion,
all those issues and confusion,
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但我們想出辦法了，
最終，他們讓我去了。
最終，他們讓我去了。
11:31
but we worked it out,
and in the end, they let me go.
and in the end, they let me go.
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事情就這樣發展下去，
我獲准能做的事情越來越多。
我獲准能做的事情越來越多。
11:33
That's how events were unfolding;
I was permitted to do more and more.
I was permitted to do more and more.
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3378
11:37
Once, at the garrison base,
during one of the training days,
during one of the training days,
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有一次，在駐軍基地的某個訓練日，
11:40
a huge Chinook helicopter with its
tandem rotors landed right down to us,
tandem rotors landed right down to us,
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一台有著前後主旋翼的大型
契努克直升機降落在我們面前，
契努克直升機降落在我們面前，
11:45
forcefully spinning
exhilaration in the air.
exhilaration in the air.
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空氣中充滿了興奮氣息。
11:48
All of us cadets were supposed
to be getting on board.
to be getting on board.
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我們所有的軍校生都應該要登機。
大家都整裝準備好了。
11:50
Everyone was geared up and ready.
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11:52
However, the cadre had decided
243
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然而，幹部決定
11:54
I wasn’t going to be able
to ride the Chinook.
to ride the Chinook.
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我不能夠登上契努克。
11:57
They were afraid
if the pilot shouted out orders,
if the pilot shouted out orders,
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他們害怕如果駕駛員大聲喊出命令，
我要如何遵從指示？
11:59
how would I be able
to follow the instructions?
to follow the instructions?
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12:01
I’d potentially cause a disruption.
247
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我有可能會打斷工作的進行。
12:04
So I had to stand aside,
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1642
所以我得要退開，
12:05
while the others were filing
toward the helicopter.
toward the helicopter.
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其他人則排隊前往直升機。
12:08
I could see the cadre huddled up,
discussing, mulling it over.
discussing, mulling it over.
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我可以看到幹部聚在一起，
討論和仔細考量。
討論和仔細考量。
12:11
At the last minute, one of them said,
“Come on! Get on the helicopter!”
“Come on! Get on the helicopter!”
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最後一分鐘，其中一人說：
「來吧！上直升機！」
「來吧！上直升機！」
12:15
I rushed over and got in.
It was such a thrill.
It was such a thrill.
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我飛奔過去上了直升機，真是興奮。
12:19
And that was the spirit of learning about
and supporting one another
and supporting one another
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那就是了解彼此、支持彼此的精神
發揮作用。
12:22
that carried over.
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從那之後，我參與了
他們的每一件任務，
他們的每一件任務，
12:23
And since then, I’ve been involved
in everything they do,
in everything they do,
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沒有被分開。
12:26
without any separation.
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12:28
This is where my passion lies.
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這就是我的熱情所在。
12:30
I love them. I’ll show you
some pictures here.
some pictures here.
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我愛他們。讓我展示一些照片。
12:34
Bruin Battalion, Bravo Company --
that’s the name of the group I belong to.
that’s the name of the group I belong to.
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棕熊營Ｂ連——那是
我所屬團隊的名稱。
我所屬團隊的名稱。
12:38
The cadre are the officers and sergeants
who oversee the ROTC program.
who oversee the ROTC program.
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幹部是負責管理 ROTC
計畫的軍官和中士。
計畫的軍官和中士。
12:43
In the beginning, you can see,
it was a bit of an awkward phase.
it was a bit of an awkward phase.
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在一開始，各位可以看到，
算是尷尬期。
算是尷尬期。
12:46
But once they learned more about me
and what I’m capable of doing,
and what I’m capable of doing,
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但當他們更了解我
以及我能做什麼之後，
以及我能做什麼之後，
就有大量的支持和團結。
12:49
there's been tremendous support and unity.
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軍校生，我的同袍——
當你們一起訓練和流汗，
當你們一起訓練和流汗，
12:51
The cadets, my fellow peers --
well, when you train and sweat together,
well, when you train and sweat together,
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12:55
you feel the bond
of camaraderie right away.
of camaraderie right away.
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你馬上就會感受到同袍情誼。
兄弟或姐妹的凝聚力
讓他們就像家人。
讓他們就像家人。
12:57
A brother- or sisterly cohesiveness
makes them like family.
makes them like family.
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13:00
In training and military science classes,
we learn theories of warfare,
we learn theories of warfare,
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在訓練中以及軍事科學課程中，
我們學到了戰爭的理論、
我們學到了戰爭的理論、
13:04
how to lead soldiers,
how to do reconnaissance,
how to do reconnaissance,
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如何領導士兵、如何勘察、
13:07
strategies, how to knock out a bunker
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制定策略、如何攻打地堡，
13:09
and land navigation, where you’re finding
your way out in the mountains.
your way out in the mountains.
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還有地面導航，在山中
要能找到你要走的路。
要能找到你要走的路。
13:15
As far as accommodations,
I’ve been provided with interpreters
I’ve been provided with interpreters
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在適應上，國家聽障中心（NCOD）
13:19
through the National Center on Deafness,
NCOD, here at CSUN.
NCOD, here at CSUN.
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提供手譯員到加州州立大學
北嶺分校給我。
北嶺分校給我。
13:23
And I really have to thank them,
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我很感謝他們，
13:24
because it's hard to find interpreters
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因為很難找手譯員
13:26
who are willing to wake up
at 4:30 in the morning,
at 4:30 in the morning,
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2384
會願意在早上 4:30 起床，
13:29
or sometimes even 3:30 in the morning.
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有時甚至是早上 3:30。
13:31
That's the officer who emailed me back,
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801480
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那位是回信告訴我說
可以跟他們一起上幾門課的
那位軍官。
那位軍官。
13:33
saying I think you can have
a few classes with us.
a few classes with us.
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13:36
That's Lieutenant Mendoza.
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1759
那是曼杜札中尉。
13:38
That’s my interpreter there,
before class starts.
before class starts.
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那是我的手譯員，
這是開始上課之前。
這是開始上課之前。
13:41
This is a picture from last fall,
when we were new to training.
when we were new to training.
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3554
這張照片是去年秋天拍的，
我們剛開始訓練。
我們剛開始訓練。
13:45
This is Lieutenant Colonel Phelps,
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這位是菲爾普斯中校，
13:48
this being his name sign.
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這是他的名牌。
13:50
He's the commanding officer
of the entire Bruin Battalion.
of the entire Bruin Battalion.
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他是整個棕熊營的指揮官。
13:54
Every time I see him walk by,
it’s rather inspiring.
it’s rather inspiring.
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每次我看到他走過去，
就覺得很受鼓舞。
就覺得很受鼓舞。
13:58
I mean, the way he presents himself,
you can see he’s the epitome of a soldier.
you can see he’s the epitome of a soldier.
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我是指他顯現出來的樣子，
你可以看出他是軍人的典範。
你可以看出他是軍人的典範。
14:04
Plus, he doesn't view me as a deaf person.
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此外，他不把我當聽障人士看待。
14:06
He looks at my skills
and capabilities instead.
and capabilities instead.
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他反而是看我的技能和能力。
14:09
He’s really pushed for me,
and I respect him for all that.
and I respect him for all that.
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3186
他對我要求很高，對此我很尊敬他。
14:12
That’s me during one of the exercises.
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1856
那是我，正在訓練。
14:14
This is that Chinook helicopter
I almost didn’t get on.
I almost didn’t get on.
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2775
這是我差點沒上去的契努克直升機。
14:17
Every cadet has a mentor.
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每位軍校生都有一位導師。
14:20
My mentor is Cinatl.
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2666
我的導師是席納托。
14:23
He’s a really sharp soldier.
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853359
1866
他是位很嚴格的軍人。
14:25
He teaches me all the finer points
and how to execute them ideally.
and how to execute them ideally.
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3700
他教我所有行家才知道的細節，
以及如何完美地執行。
以及如何完美地執行。
14:29
This top picture is when
a group of us went to Las Vegas
a group of us went to Las Vegas
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859774
3655
上面的照片是我們一群人
前往拉斯維加斯
前往拉斯維加斯
14:33
to compete in a test,
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863453
1325
去參加一項測驗競賽，
14:34
to see if we could match the German
troops' physical training standards.
troops' physical training standards.
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3899
看我們能否符合德國
軍隊的體態訓練標準。
軍隊的體態訓練標準。
14:38
It involved swimming, timed sprints,
marksmanship and numerous fitness events.
marksmanship and numerous fitness events.
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868725
3975
它包括游泳、定時衝刺、
射擊術以及許多健身活動。
射擊術以及許多健身活動。
14:42
I passed them
and satisfied the requirements
and satisfied the requirements
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我通過了並符合了各項要求，
14:44
to be awarded the gold German Armed Forces
Proficiency Badge right here.
Proficiency Badge right here.
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4216
獲頒德國聯邦國防軍陸軍的
專科獎章，就在這裡。
專科獎章，就在這裡。
14:50
This is one of the sergeants,
Sergeant Richardson.
Sergeant Richardson.
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這是其中一位中士，理查森中士。
14:53
I love this guy. He doesn't take baloney
from any of us cadets.
from any of us cadets.
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3688
我很愛這傢伙。他不理會
我們軍校生的胡扯。
我們軍校生的胡扯。
14:59
Here I am one morning,
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889505
1617
這是我，在一個早晨，
15:01
when we trekked seven and a half miles
with a 40-pound rucksack
with a 40-pound rucksack
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891146
3318
我們背著 40 磅的帆布背包
跋涉了 7 英哩半，
跋涉了 7 英哩半，
15:04
in less than two hours.
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894488
1539
花了不到２小時。
15:06
Here are a few of my fellow cadets.
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896611
2172
這裡是幾位軍校生伙伴。
15:10
I've been with them long enough
that I’ve developed name signs for them.
that I’ve developed name signs for them.
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900021
4655
我和他們相處得夠久，
我幫他們發明了手語名字。
我幫他們發明了手語名字。
15:15
On the right, here, is Trinidad.
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905246
2052
右手邊的是特立尼達。
15:17
I gave him this name sign
because he's always very sarcastic.
because he's always very sarcastic.
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907322
3438
我給他這個手語名字是
因為他總是很會諷刺人。
因為他總是很會諷刺人。
15:20
He's a veteran, having served
in Iraq and Afghanistan.
in Iraq and Afghanistan.
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910784
3315
他是個老兵，在伊拉克
和阿富汗服役過。
和阿富汗服役過。
15:24
The female is Frigo,
whose nickname is "Refrigerator,"
whose nickname is "Refrigerator,"
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914123
3068
這位女性是佛里歌，
她的暱稱是「冰箱」，
她的暱稱是「冰箱」，
所以才有這個手語名字。
15:27
hence her name sign.
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917215
1221
15:28
We’re always competing
intellectually in class.
intellectually in class.
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918460
2427
我們總是在課堂上做腦力競賽。
15:30
The cadet on the end is Jarvy.
He's a top athlete.
He's a top athlete.
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920911
4120
最後的軍校生是賈維，
他是頂尖運動員。
他是頂尖運動員。
15:35
I've given him this sign
because of the scar he has here.
because of the scar he has here.
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925055
3010
我給他這個手語名字，
因為他這裡有個疤。
因為他這裡有個疤。
15:38
Do you know who this is?
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928588
1429
你們知道這是誰嗎？
15:40
This is the Chairman
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
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930041
3394
這是美國參謀長聯席會議的主席。
15:43
He is the highest-ranking military officer
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933459
2196
他是軍方最高階級的軍官，
15:45
and principal military advisor
to President Obama
to President Obama
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935679
2935
也是歐巴馬總統和國防部長蓋茲的
15:48
and Secretary of Defense Gates.
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938638
1899
首席軍事顧問。
15:50
He gave a talk at UCLA to a full house.
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940968
2604
他在加利福尼亞大學
洛杉磯分校的演說坐無虛席。
洛杉磯分校的演說坐無虛席。
15:53
Afterwards, I lined up to shake his hand.
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943596
2002
演說後，我排隊去和他握手。
15:55
Having done so, I greeted him,
“It’s a great pleasure to meet you.”
“It’s a great pleasure to meet you.”
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945622
3187
握手後，我問候他：
「很榮幸見到您。」
「很榮幸見到您。」
15:58
I signed and my interpreter voiced for me.
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948833
2046
我比手語並讓我的手譯員幫我發聲。
16:00
Admiral Mullen turned to the interpreter
and said, “It’s nice to meet you,”
and said, “It’s nice to meet you,”
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950903
3553
馬倫上將轉向手譯員說：
「很高興見到你。」
「很高興見到你。」
16:04
addressing the interpreter,
who refrained to clarify.
who refrained to clarify.
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954480
2598
他對手譯員說話，
手譯員並沒有說明我是聽障者。
手譯員並沒有說明我是聽障者。
16:07
He seemed a little confused
and just quickly moved on
and just quickly moved on
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957102
2495
他似乎有點困惑，很快就繼續
16:09
to shake hands
with the rest of the soldiers.
with the rest of the soldiers.
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959621
2110
去和其他士兵握手去了。
我不確定他是否知道我聽不見。
16:11
So I’m not sure whether he really knew
that I'm deaf or not.
that I'm deaf or not.
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2871
16:14
So everything’s been moving along,
gung-ho, full speed ahead,
gung-ho, full speed ahead,
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964650
4091
一切就這樣走下去，
很有熱忱地全速前進，
很有熱忱地全速前進，
直到兩週前，
16:18
until two weeks ago,
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968765
3605
16:22
when something occurred.
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972816
1435
發生了一件事。
16:25
Well, the ROTC has four levels.
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975149
2819
ROTC 有四個等級。
16:27
I’m currently doing the first two levels,
which finishes up this May.
which finishes up this May.
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977992
4484
我目前在前兩級，
在今年五月就會結束。
在今年五月就會結束。
16:32
The third level will begin in the fall.
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982500
1901
第三級秋天會開始。
16:34
But in order to move up,
you need to pass a medical exam.
you need to pass a medical exam.
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984425
3065
要向上一級晉升，得要通過體檢。
16:38
Obviously, I’m deaf,
so I’d fail a hearing test.
so I’d fail a hearing test.
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988139
4490
很顯然，我聽不到，
所以我的聽力測試沒有過。
所以我的聽力測試沒有過。
16:44
So we sat down,
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994471
2039
我們坐下來談，
16:46
and I was told that if I wanted
to continue to the third level,
to continue to the third level,
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996534
4113
我被告知，如果我
想要持續到第三級，
想要持續到第三級，
16:50
I couldn’t do any
of the PT workouts in the morning,
of the PT workouts in the morning,
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1000671
3762
我早上就不能做任何 PT 訓練，
16:54
nor the Friday lab field trainings,
nor the army base trainings.
nor the army base trainings.
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1004457
5014
星期五也不能做實驗室實地演練
或是陸軍基地訓練。
或是陸軍基地訓練。
16:59
My uniform, I would have to
give back as well.
give back as well.
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1009495
2392
我也得要把制服還回去。
17:02
I could take the classes,
audit them, and that’s all.
audit them, and that’s all.
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1012800
2747
我可以修課旁聽，就這樣。
17:06
It really hit me. It was a huge blow.
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2904
這對我來說是個很大的打擊。
17:13
Many of the officers
and cadets have empathized
and cadets have empathized
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1023037
3176
許多軍官和軍校生都對於這突如其來
17:16
with this sudden shock of disappointment,
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1026237
2329
讓人震驚的失望都感同身受，
17:18
and are wondering
why this has to be the case.
why this has to be the case.
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1028590
2513
且很納悶為什麼會這樣。
17:21
Colonel Phelps has tried
to speak with the higher-ups
to speak with the higher-ups
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1031587
2992
菲爾普斯上校試圖和指揮系統的
17:24
in the chain of command
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1034603
1325
高層談過，
17:25
and explain to them
that I’m one of the top cadets,
that I’m one of the top cadets,
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1035952
2592
向他們解釋，我是
最優秀的軍校生之一，
最優秀的軍校生之一，
17:28
having passed all the events
and receiving high marks on my exams.
and receiving high marks on my exams.
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1038568
3360
通過所有的項目，
考試成績也非常高。
考試成績也非常高。
但他們的回應很堅決：
17:31
But their response is unwavering:
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1041952
1635
17:33
policy is policy, and if you’re deaf,
you’re disqualified.
you’re disqualified.
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1043611
2966
政策就是政策，如果你是
聽障人士，你就不合格。
聽障人士，你就不合格。
17:37
I know that the cadre has tried
to find various ways.
to find various ways.
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1047717
4220
我知道幹部試了很多方式。
17:41
They found out that
there's a deaf cadet at The Citadel,
there's a deaf cadet at The Citadel,
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1051961
3599
他們發現在南加州的
西塔岱爾軍事學院，
西塔岱爾軍事學院，
17:46
a military college in South Carolina.
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1056555
2230
也有一個聽障的軍校生。
17:49
That particular cadet will be completing
his fourth year there
his fourth year there
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1059770
3226
那個軍校生將會完成第四年的學業，
17:53
and graduating this May.
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1063020
1167
在今年五月畢業。
17:54
Yet, he's in the same
predicament that I'm in --
predicament that I'm in --
360
1064211
2270
然而，他和我的處境相同——
17:56
unable to join the army because he’s deaf.
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1066505
2213
因為他是聽障人士而無法加入軍隊。
18:00
Yet, all of my fellow cadets
and the officers have told me
and the officers have told me
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1070505
2753
但，我所有的軍校生伙伴
和軍官都告訴我
和軍官都告訴我
18:03
not to give up; the policy must change.
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1073282
2140
不要放棄；政策必須要改變。
18:06
I was advised to talk with my congressman.
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1076040
2050
我得到的建議是去和國會議員談談。
18:08
And I've brought this issue
to Henry Waxman,
to Henry Waxman,
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1078114
3233
我帶著這個議題去找
亨利 • 威克斯曼，
亨利 • 威克斯曼，
18:11
the district congressman here in LA,
366
1081371
2051
他是洛杉磯選區的國會議員，
18:13
to get the ball rolling
with his advocacy for my cause.
with his advocacy for my cause.
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1083446
2644
請他支持我的理想讓我繼續走下去。
18:16
However, I need your help
and support to lobby.
and support to lobby.
368
1086114
2380
然而，我需要你們的
協助和支持來進行遊說。
協助和支持來進行遊說。
18:18
All of us, you know?
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1088518
1213
所有的人一起。
18:20
If you remember back in US history,
African-Americans were told
African-Americans were told
370
1090302
3147
如果你們還記得在美國歷史上，
非裔美國人曾經不能夠從軍入伍，
18:23
they couldn’t join the military,
371
1093473
1544
但現在他們能服役了。
18:25
and now they serve.
372
1095041
1151
18:26
Women as well were banned,
but now they've been allowed.
but now they've been allowed.
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1096216
2623
女性過去被禁止，現在則被允許了。
軍方已經而且正在改變。
18:28
The military has and is changing.
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1098863
1641
現在，是該換我們的時候了。
18:30
Today is our time. Now it’s our turn.
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1100528
2375
呼啊！（陸軍俚語）
18:32
Hooah!
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1102927
1161
18:34
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Keith Nolan - TeacherKeith Nolan doesn't believe his deafness should be a barrier to serving his country -- and is making the case for increasing the role of citizens with disabilities in the military.
Why you should listen
Keith Nolan was told that he couldn’t enlist in the army because he was deaf -- but he didn’t take no for an answer. After he finally convinced a commander to let him audit ROTC classes, he proved himself a top student and earned his uniform. Although a standard military hearing test prevents him from enlisting, his continued fight has inspired many would-be soldiers with disabilities -- and a vigorous online campaign on his behalf.
Keith Nolan | Speaker | TED.com