Gautam Bhan: A bold plan to house 100 million people
غوتام بهان: خطة جريئة لتوفير السكن لـ100 مليون شخص
Gautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality. Full bio
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Chennai or Kolkata,
one great thing in common,
في شيء رائع
smaller places arriving in search of work.
من الأماكن الأصغر حجمًا بحثًا عن العمل
this warm welcome leads to consequences.
أن هذا الترحيب الحار تنتج عنه عواقب
in these cities are born.
expert and researcher: Dr. Gautam Bhan,
بالمستوطنات البشرية الدكتور (غوتام بهان)،
to this increasing problem.
of urban India that he can see.
لـ(الهند) الحضرية التي يراها
welcomes Dr. Gautam Bhan.
بالدكتور (غوتام بهان)
وحتى بضع سنوات خلت،
until a few years ago,
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
(دلهي)، أو(مومباي)، أو(كلكتا)
nobody was from a city;
لم يكن أحد قد ولد بمدينة،
to a city for progress.
جئت إلى مدينة لرفع مستوى معيشتك
you were born in the city itself.
تكون قد ولدت في المدينة نفسها
for an accommodation in the city,
تقطن فيه في المدينة
بتكلفة تستطيع دفعها؟
short of at least 20 million homes.
يبلغ 20 مليون منزل على الأقل
that's 100 million people.
(bedroom hall kitchen).
10 to 15,000 rupees per month.
من 10 إلى 15 ألف روبية شهريًا
an affordable home in this budget?
في ظل ميزانية كهذه؟
what would you do?
ماذا ستفعل؟
or some sort of jewellery.
in a city to either buy or rent,
منزل بمدينة لتشتريه أو تؤجره،
what most people end up doing.
ما يفعله معظم الناس،
are in settlements.
تقع في مستوطنات
of an affordable home in India.
معقولة التكلفة في (الهند)
but not sturdy.
زهيدة الثمن ولكنها ليست متينة
but not cheap.
متينة ولكنها مرتفعة الثمن
of a new thought from here itself.
لفكر مختلف بناءً على ذلك
it is a solution.
of 20 million homes
25 square foot flats,
كل منها 25 قدم مربع
2.6 million homes.
بحاجة إلى 2.6 مليون منزل
to make 350,000 homes.
استطاعت الحكومة بناء 350 ألف منزل
with complete sincerity,
تحقيق الأمر بكل مصداقية،
in the next couple of lifetimes.
على مدار سنوات طويلة
in progress in the past,
the laborers who build and run the city
يشيدون ويعملون بالمدينة،
on illegally captured land,
تم الاستيلاء عليها بطريقة غير شرعية
in the dead of the night.
لا يحدث بين ليلة وضحاها
to the government or not,
there for over 10, 20, 30, even 40 years.
منذ أكثر من 10، و20، و30، وحتى 40 سنة
عليها بشكل غير شرعي هذه
illegally captured land is this,
is declared illegal?
يتم الإعلان أنها غير شرعية؟
15 to 60 percent of a city's population
وحتى 60 بالمائة من إجمالي سكان المدينة
or maximum ten percent of the land.
كحد أقصى من مساحة الأرض
a right over this small bit of land?
من الناس أن يكون له
البقعة الصغيرة من الأرض؟
by the cost of its land.
of a person living on a piece of land?
يعيش فوق قطعة من الأرض؟
for shiny homes;
أن تكون البيوت جميلة،
toilets and drainage.
والحمامات، والصرف
promised there wouldn't be any eviction.
على وعد ألا يتم إجلاؤهم لمدة 10 سنوات
were provided to them.
a locality, a place, a world of its own.
العشوائية إلى منطقة، مكان، عالم خاص
even a single new home.
منزل واحد حتى
at national scale,
to live over that land.
فوق تلك الأرض
but the right to live there,
ولكن الحق في البقاء هناك،
that to move forward,
أنه كي نمضي قدمًا،
to make settlements secure and sturdy.
إلى طرق لجعل المستوطنات آمنة ومتينة
need to look deep within
علينا أن ننظر في أعماقنا
and apprehensions that we have.
والمخاوف التي لدينا
here in front of you today.
واقفًا أمامكم اليوم
there should be standing here.
هو من يجب أن يكون مكاني هنا
you wouldn't have listened to him.
ما كنتم لتنصتوا له
I am not from a settlement.
أنني لا أقطن في مستوطنة
that needs to be changed.
Thank you, Dr. Gautam Bhan.
شكرًا لك، دكتور (غوتام بهان)
an example of Thailand
أعطيت منذ قليل مثالًا على (تايلاند)
to settle in, not to sell.
وليس لهم حق البيع
or program in our country too,
في بلادنا أيضًا
and those of people around you?
وأولئك الذين حولك؟
who are fighting for rights in the city.
الذين يحاربون من أجل حقوقهم بالمدينة
announced the same scheme:
عن المشروع ذاته:
will have rights over that land.
سيكون لهم حق البقاء على أراضيها
shouldn't be called populism;
يجب ألا نقول عنه إنه شعبوية،
development strategy.
استراتيجية تنمية اقتصادية
happen from the top, but from the bottom.
لا تبدأ من الأعلى، بل من الأسفل
and not slums, ever again. 100 percent.
ولن أقول مناطق شعبية أبدًا بعد الآن
wonderful things.
وقلت أشياء رائعة
as I am a terrible singer.
because we are saying wonderful things.
لأننا نقول أشياء رائعة
with love and fun times.
الحب والمتعة الحياة
Thank you.
شكرًا لك
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gautam Bhan - UrbanistGautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality.
Why you should listen
Gautam Bhan's work is based in and emerges from particular cities that for a long time were thought to be "peripheral" -- Delhi, Mumbai, Cairo, Lagos, Jakarta and Johannesburg -- cities of what is sometimes today called the "global south." He feels passionate about producing knowledge not just about these cities but doing so from them. For too long, he says, "Southern cities have been places for others to come and fix, rather than places with their own ways of getting things done that work for us."
Bhan believes that urbanization in the global south is one of the most profound challenges of the 21st century. It's in these cities that many of the battles of sustainability and equity will either be won or lost. He found his way to these questions in his own city -- New Delhi -- through forced evictions, the brutal demolition of the homes of the city's poorest who lived in informal settlements that brought him to his work on housing and the right to the city. His research is informed by his own political engagement both as an anti-eviction activist as well as someone working with the government to prevent evictions from occurring in the first place.
Bhan teaches as the Indian Institute for Human Settlements in Bangalore, a new educational institution that shares his intent of bringing together teaching, research and practice on the city as well as producing knowledge from the south. In 2017, he authored In the Public’s Interest: Evictions, Citizenship and Inequality in Contemporary Delhi (Orient Blackswan/University of Georgia Press), as well as co-edited the Routledge Companion to Planning in the Global South (Routledge). He writes as much publicly as academically and is a frequent columnist in Indian newspapers, blogs and online. He is also the co-founder of New Text, and he's deeply involved in sexuality rights movements in India.
Gautam Bhan | Speaker | TED.com