Gautam Bhan: A bold plan to house 100 million people
Gautam Bhan: 100 मिलियन लोगों को आवास उपलब्ध कराने की एक साहसिक योजना
Gautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Chennai or Kolkata,
one great thing in common,
एक खास खूबी हैं।
छोटी जगहों से आने वाले लोगों के लिये
smaller places arriving in search of work.
शहरों पर बहुत असर पड़ता हैं।
this warm welcome leads to consequences.
in these cities are born.
और रिसर्चर डॉक्टर गौतम भान है
expert and researcher: Dr. Gautam Bhan,
एक समाधान नजर आता है।
to this increasing problem.
दिखाई देती है
of urban India that he can see.
स्वागत है डॉक्टर गौतम भान का।
welcomes Dr. Gautam Bhan.
एवरीवन
अगर आप किसी से पूछते
until a few years ago,
Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata.
शहरों से कोई होता नहीं था।
nobody was from a city;
बदलने लगा है।
आपके माँ बाप ने कुछ मजदूरी की होती।
to a city for progress.
आपका जन्म ही शहर में हुआ होता।
you were born in the city itself.
for an accommodation in the city,
short of at least 20 million homes.
that's 100 million people.
(bedroom hall kitchen).
की कमी नहीं है।
सिर्फ दस से पंद्रह हजार रुपये है।
10 to 15,000 rupees per month.
वो सस्ता किफायती घर?
an affordable home in this budget?
what would you do?
or some sort of jewellery.
या किराया पे घर नहीं मिलता
in a city to either buy or rent,
what most people end up doing.
मैं भी सिर्फ इससे बस्ती ही बुलाऊंगा।
ऐसे घर जो उन्होंने खुद बनायें हैं।
are in settlements.
की सच्ची कहानी।
of an affordable home in India.
but not sturdy.
मगर सस्ते नहीं।
but not cheap.
हमें शुरू करनी पड़ेगी।
of a new thought from here itself.
it is a solution.
of 20 million homes
के नये फ्लैट नहीं बना सकते
25 square foot flats,
कर्नाटक सरकार को ले लीजिये।
बहुत अच्छा माना जाता है।
छब्बीस लाख घरों की जरूरत है।
2.6 million homes.
to make 350,000 homes.
with complete sincerity,
अगर कोशिश करें
नहीं मिटा पाएगी।
in the next couple of lifetimes.
in progress in the past,
the laborers who build and run the city
किसी और की जमीन पे कब्जे से बनती है।
on illegally captured land,
रात के अंधेरे में कब्जा नहीं होता।
in the dead of the night.
to the government or not,
दस, बीस, तीस, चालीस सालों से बसी हुई है।
there for over 10, 20, 30, even 40 years.
illegally captured land is this,
गैर कानूनी करार कर दिया जाता है।
is declared illegal?
१५-६०% आबादी को बसाती है
15 to 60 percent of a city's population
or maximum ten percent of the land.
दस प्रतिशत जमीन का इस्तेमाल करती है।
a right over this small bit of land?
by the cost of its land.
जमीन की कीमत से नापते है।
की कीमत कैसे नापेंगे हम?
of a person living on a piece of land?
for shiny homes;
बिजली, सड़क, पानी, शौचालय और ड्रेनेज।
toilets and drainage.
अंग्रेजी में शब्द है अपग्रेडेशन।
की विस्थापन नहीं होगा।
promised there wouldn't be any eviction.
were provided to them.
जगह बनी, दुनिया बनी।
a locality, a place, a world of its own.
even a single new home.
ऐसे राष्ट्रीय स्तर पे चलाया,
at national scale,
एक लाख लोगों का फायदा हुआ।
to live over that land.
but the right to live there,
वो यही है कि आगे बढ़ने के लिए
that to move forward,
और दुरुस्त बनाने की सोच ही आगे बढ़ानी है।
to make settlements secure and sturdy.
need to look deep within
and apprehensions that we have.
मुझे नहीं होना चाहिए।
here in front of you today.
चाहिए जो बस्ती बनाता है और वहाँ रहता है।
there should be standing here.
you wouldn't have listened to him.
मैं बस्ती से नहीं हूँ।
I am not from a settlement.
that needs to be changed.
बहुत बहुत धन्यबाद।
Thank you, Dr. Gautam Bhan.
थाईलैंड में आपने हमको उदहारण दिया
an example of Thailand
इन घरों को आगे बेचा नहीं जा सकता,
to settle in, not to sell.
ऐसी विचार धारणा है? ऐसा कोई प्रोग्राम है?
or program in our country too,
लोगों की बातों से हो रहा है क्या?
and those of people around you?
जो शहर के हकों के लिए लड़ते है,
who are fighting for rights in the city.
उन्होंने यही स्कीम अनाउंस की है
announced the same scheme:
लोगों को उनकी जमीन पे हक मिलेगा।
will have rights over that land.
इसे पॉपुलिस्म (लोकलुभावनवाद) न कहा जाये,
shouldn't be called populism;
development strategy.
डिवेलप्मेंट स्ट्रेटजी कही जाई।
ऊपर से नहीं, नीचे से होती है।
happen from the top, but from the bottom.
ही बोलूंगा, स्लम्स कभी नहीं कहूंगा।
and not slums, ever again. 100 percent.
और आपने हमें बहुत अच्छी बात कही।
wonderful things.
as I am a terrible singer.
क्योंकि मैं गाता बहुत खराब हूँ।
मैं भी गाता बहुत खराब हूँ।
because we are saying wonderful things.
क्योंकि अच्छी बात कर रहे है तुम दोनों।
- बसते बसते बस जायेगी इस दिल की बस्ती।
with love and fun times.
थैंक यू। थैंक यू वेरी मच।
Thank you.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Gautam Bhan - UrbanistGautam Bhan studies how cities produce and reproduce poverty and inequality.
Why you should listen
Gautam Bhan's work is based in and emerges from particular cities that for a long time were thought to be "peripheral" -- Delhi, Mumbai, Cairo, Lagos, Jakarta and Johannesburg -- cities of what is sometimes today called the "global south." He feels passionate about producing knowledge not just about these cities but doing so from them. For too long, he says, "Southern cities have been places for others to come and fix, rather than places with their own ways of getting things done that work for us."
Bhan believes that urbanization in the global south is one of the most profound challenges of the 21st century. It's in these cities that many of the battles of sustainability and equity will either be won or lost. He found his way to these questions in his own city -- New Delhi -- through forced evictions, the brutal demolition of the homes of the city's poorest who lived in informal settlements that brought him to his work on housing and the right to the city. His research is informed by his own political engagement both as an anti-eviction activist as well as someone working with the government to prevent evictions from occurring in the first place.
Bhan teaches as the Indian Institute for Human Settlements in Bangalore, a new educational institution that shares his intent of bringing together teaching, research and practice on the city as well as producing knowledge from the south. In 2017, he authored In the Public’s Interest: Evictions, Citizenship and Inequality in Contemporary Delhi (Orient Blackswan/University of Georgia Press), as well as co-edited the Routledge Companion to Planning in the Global South (Routledge). He writes as much publicly as academically and is a frequent columnist in Indian newspapers, blogs and online. He is also the co-founder of New Text, and he's deeply involved in sexuality rights movements in India.
Gautam Bhan | Speaker | TED.com