TEDSummit
Bettina Warburg: How the blockchain will radically transform the economy
Betina Vorberg (Bettina Warburg): Kako će blokčejn drastično preobraziti ekonomiju
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Pozdravite decentralizovanu ekonomiju - blokčejn će uskoro promeniti sve. U ovom lucidnom objašnjenju složene i konfuzne tehnologije, Betina Vorberg opisuje kako će blokčejn eliminisati potrebu za centralizovanim institucijama kao što su banke i vlada da bi olakšao trgovinu, razvijajući zastarele modele trgovine i finansija u nešto daleko zanimljivije: raspodeljeni, transparentan, autonomni sistem za razmenu vrednosti.
Bettina Warburg - Blockchain entrepreneur and researcher
Bettina Warburg is a blockchain researcher, entrepreneur and educator. A political scientist by training, she has a deep passion for the intersection of politics and technology. Full bio
Bettina Warburg is a blockchain researcher, entrepreneur and educator. A political scientist by training, she has a deep passion for the intersection of politics and technology. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Economists have been exploring
people's behavior for hundreds of years:
people's behavior for hundreds of years:
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Ekonomisti stotinama godina
istražuju ljudsko ponašanje:
istražuju ljudsko ponašanje:
00:18
how we make decisions,
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kako donosimo odluke,
00:20
how we act individually and in groups,
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kako postupamo kao pojedinci i u grupama,
00:23
how we exchange value.
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kako razmenjujemo vrednosti.
00:26
They've studied the institutions
that facilitate our trade,
that facilitate our trade,
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Oni izučavaju institucije
koje olakšavaju našu trgovinu,
koje olakšavaju našu trgovinu,
00:30
like legal systems,
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kao što su pravni sistemi,
00:31
corporations,
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korporacije,
00:33
marketplaces.
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tržišta.
00:35
But there is a new,
technological institution
technological institution
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Međutim, postoji
nova tehnološka institucija
nova tehnološka institucija
00:39
that will fundamentally change
how we exchange value,
how we exchange value,
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koja će iz temelja promeniti
način na koji razmenjujemo vrednosti,
način na koji razmenjujemo vrednosti,
00:43
and it's called the blockchain.
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a zove se blokčejn.
00:46
Now, that's a pretty bold statement,
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To je poprilično hrabra izjava,
00:48
but if you take nothing else
away from this talk,
away from this talk,
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ali ako ništa drugo
ne zapamtite iz ovog govora,
ne zapamtite iz ovog govora,
00:51
I actually want you to remember
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želela bih da zapamtite da,
00:53
that while blockchain technology
is relatively new,
is relatively new,
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iako je tehnologija blokčejna
relativno nova,
relativno nova,
00:57
it's also a continuation
of a very human story,
of a very human story,
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ona takođe predstavlja nastavak
jedne vrlo ljudske priče,
jedne vrlo ljudske priče,
01:02
and the story is this.
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a priča je sledeća.
01:04
As humans, we find ways
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Kao ljudska bića, pronalazimo načine
01:06
to lower uncertainty about one another
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da umanjimo nesigurnost između sebe
01:08
so that we can exchange value.
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tako da možemo
da razmenjujemo vrednosti.
da razmenjujemo vrednosti.
01:13
Now, one of the first people
to really explore the idea
to really explore the idea
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Jedna od prvih osoba
koja je zaista istražila ideju
koja je zaista istražila ideju
01:16
of institutions as a tool in economics
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o institucijama kao ekonomskim sredstvima
01:19
to lower our uncertainties
about one another
about one another
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koje bi smanjile nesigurnost
koja vlada između nas
koja vlada između nas
01:22
and be able to do trade
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da bismo mogli da trgujemo
01:24
was the Nobel economist Douglass North.
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bio je ekonomista i nobelovac Daglas Nort.
01:27
He passed away at the end of 2015,
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On je preminuo krajem 2015. godine,
01:29
but North pioneered what's called
"new institutional economics."
"new institutional economics."
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ali je razvio nešto što se zove
„nova institucionalna ekonomija“.
„nova institucionalna ekonomija“.
A ono što je podrazumevao
pod institucijama
pod institucijama
01:35
And what he meant by institutions
were really just formal rules
were really just formal rules
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bila su samo formalna pravila
kao što je ustav,
kao što je ustav,
01:39
like a constitution,
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01:41
and informal constraints, like bribery.
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i neformalna ograničenja,
poput davanja mita.
poput davanja mita.
01:45
These institutions are really the grease
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Ove institucije su zapravo mazivo
01:48
that allow our economic
wheels to function,
wheels to function,
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koje omogućava funkcionisanje
točkovima naše ekonomije,
točkovima naše ekonomije,
01:51
and we can see this play out
over the course of human history.
over the course of human history.
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a možemo videti kako se to odigrava
kroz tok ljudske istorije.
kroz tok ljudske istorije.
01:55
If we think back to when we were
hunter-gatherer economies,
hunter-gatherer economies,
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Ako se prisetimo vremena
kada smo bili ekonomije lovaca-skupljača,
kada smo bili ekonomije lovaca-skupljača,
01:58
we really just traded
within our village structure.
within our village structure.
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zapravo smo trgovali
samo unutar strukture svog sela.
samo unutar strukture svog sela.
02:01
We had some informal constraints in place,
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Imali smo nekolicinu
neformalnih ograničenja,
neformalnih ograničenja,
02:04
but we enforced
all of our trade with violence
all of our trade with violence
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ali smo celokupnu trgovinu
sprovodili pomoću nasilja
sprovodili pomoću nasilja
02:07
or social repercussions.
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ili društvenih posledica.
02:09
As our societies grew more complex
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Kako su naše zajednice
postajale sve složenije,
postajale sve složenije,
02:12
and our trade routes grew more distant,
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a trgovački putevi udaljeniji,
02:15
we built up more formal institutions,
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izgradili smo još formalnih institucija
02:18
institutions like banks for currency,
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poput banaka zbog valuta,
02:21
governments, corporations.
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vlada, korporacija.
02:24
These institutions
helped us manage our trade
helped us manage our trade
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Ove institucije su nam pomogle
da upravljamo trgovinom
da upravljamo trgovinom
02:27
as the uncertainty
and the complexity grew,
and the complexity grew,
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dok su nesigurnost i složenost rasli,
02:30
and our personal control was much lower.
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a naša lična kontrola opadala.
02:33
Eventually with the internet,
we put these same institutions online.
we put these same institutions online.
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Vremenom smo uz pomoć interneta
iste ove institucije postavili onlajn.
iste ove institucije postavili onlajn.
02:38
We built platform marketplaces
like Amazon, eBay, Alibaba,
like Amazon, eBay, Alibaba,
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Izgradili smo tržišta na internetu
poput Amazona, Ibeja i Alibabe,
poput Amazona, Ibeja i Alibabe,
02:43
just faster institutions
that act as middlemen
that act as middlemen
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koje su samo brže institucije
koje deluju kao posrednici
koje deluju kao posrednici
02:46
to facilitate human economic activity.
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u olakšavanju ekonomske aktivnosti ljudi.
02:51
As Douglass North saw it,
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Kako je Daglas Nort to video,
02:54
institutions are a tool
to lower uncertainty
to lower uncertainty
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institucije su sredstva
koja smanjuju nesigurnost
koja smanjuju nesigurnost
02:57
so that we can connect and exchange
all kinds of value in society.
all kinds of value in society.
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da bismo mogli da se povežemo
i razmenjujemo razne vrednosti u društvu.
i razmenjujemo razne vrednosti u društvu.
03:02
And I believe we are now entering
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Verujem da zalazimo
03:05
a further and radical evolution
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u još dalju i radikalniju evoluciju
načina na koji stupamo
u interakciju i trgujemo,
u interakciju i trgujemo,
03:08
of how we interact and trade,
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jer po prvi put možemo
umanjiti nesigurnost
umanjiti nesigurnost
03:10
because for the first time,
we can lower uncertainty
we can lower uncertainty
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03:14
not just with political
and economic institutions,
and economic institutions,
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ne samo pomoću političkih
i ekonomskih institucija
i ekonomskih institucija
03:17
like our banks, our corporations,
our governments,
our governments,
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poput banaka, korporacija ili vlada,
već isključivo tehnologijom.
03:21
but we can do it with technology alone.
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Dakle, šta je to blokčejn?
03:25
So what is the blockchain?
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03:27
Blockchain technology
is a decentralized database
is a decentralized database
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Tehnologija blokčejna
je decentralizovana baza podataka
je decentralizovana baza podataka
03:32
that stores a registry
of assets and transactions
of assets and transactions
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u kojoj se čuva
registar dobara i transakcija
registar dobara i transakcija
03:35
across a peer-to-peer network.
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preko P2P mreže.
U suštini predstavlja javni registar
03:38
It's basically a public registry
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toga ko šta poseduje
i ko vrši transakciju čega.
i ko vrši transakciju čega.
03:40
of who owns what and who transacts what.
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03:43
The transactions are secured
through cryptography,
through cryptography,
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Transakcije su osigurane
putem kriptografije
putem kriptografije
03:46
and over time, that transaction history
gets locked in blocks of data
gets locked in blocks of data
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i vremenom se ta istorija transakcija
zaključava u blokove podataka
zaključava u blokove podataka
koji su onda kriptografski
povezani i obezbeđeni.
povezani i obezbeđeni.
03:52
that are then cryptographically
linked together and secured.
linked together and secured.
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03:57
This creates and immutable,
unforgeable record
unforgeable record
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Ovo stvara postojani zapis
svih transakcija na ovoj mreži
svih transakcija na ovoj mreži
04:01
of all of the transactions
across this network.
across this network.
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koji se ne može krivotvoriti.
Zapis se kopira na svaki kompjuter
koji koristi mrežu.
koji koristi mrežu.
04:05
This record is replicated
on every computer that uses the network.
on every computer that uses the network.
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Ovo nije aplikacija.
04:11
It's not an app.
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04:13
It's not a company.
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Nije kompanija.
Mislim da bi ga najbliže opisalo
nešto poput Vikipedije.
nešto poput Vikipedije.
04:15
I think it's closest in description
to something like Wikipedia.
to something like Wikipedia.
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Na Vikipediji se sve može videti.
04:19
We can see everything on Wikipedia.
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04:21
It's a composite view that's constantly
changing and being updated.
changing and being updated.
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To je složen pregled
koji se stalno menja i ažurira.
koji se stalno menja i ažurira.
04:27
We can also track those changes
over time on Wikipedia,
over time on Wikipedia,
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Na Vikipediji možemo i pratiti
te promene tokom vremena,
te promene tokom vremena,
a možemo praviti i sopstvene stranice,
04:31
and we can create our own wikis,
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04:33
because at their core,
they're just a data infrastructure.
they're just a data infrastructure.
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jer su one u suštini
samo infrastruktura podataka.
samo infrastruktura podataka.
Vikipedija je otvorena platforma
koja skladišti reči i slike,
koja skladišti reči i slike,
04:38
On Wikipedia, it's an open platform
that stores words and images
that stores words and images
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kao i promene tih podataka u vremenu.
04:44
and the changes to that data over time.
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04:47
On the blockchain,
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Što se tiče blokčejna,
04:49
you can think of it
as an open infrastructure
as an open infrastructure
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možete ga zamisliti
kao otvorenu infrastrukturu
kao otvorenu infrastrukturu
koja skladišti
mnogo različitih vrsta dobara.
mnogo različitih vrsta dobara.
04:51
that stores many kinds of assets.
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04:55
It stores the history of custodianship,
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Skladišti istoriju nadležnosti,
04:58
ownership and location
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vlasništva i lokacija
05:00
for assets like
the digital currency Bitcoin,
the digital currency Bitcoin,
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dobara poput digitalne valute bitkoin,
05:04
other digital assets
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drugih digitalnih dobara
05:06
like a title of ownership of IP.
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kao što je pravo vlasništva
na protokol interneta.
na protokol interneta.
05:10
It could be a certificate, a contract,
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To može biti uverenje, ugovor,
05:13
real world objects,
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stvarni objekti,
05:14
even personal identifiable information.
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pa čak i lične informacije
koje se mogu identifikovati.
koje se mogu identifikovati.
05:19
There are of course other
technical details to the blockchain,
technical details to the blockchain,
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Naravno, postoje i drugi tehnički detalji
vezani za blokčejn,
vezani za blokčejn,
05:22
but at its core, that's how it works.
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ali u suštini, tako on funkcioniše.
05:25
It's this public registry
that stores transactions in a network
that stores transactions in a network
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To je javni registar
koji skladišti transakcije u mreži
koji skladišti transakcije u mreži
05:29
and is replicated so that it's very secure
and hard to tamper with.
and hard to tamper with.
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i koji se kopira, tako da je vrlo bezbedan
i teško ga je nepropisno koristiti.
i teško ga je nepropisno koristiti.
05:35
Which brings me to my point
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To me navodi na moju poentu
05:37
of how blockchains lower uncertainty
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o tome kako blokčejn smanjuje nesigurnost
05:40
and how they therefore promise
to transform our economic systems
to transform our economic systems
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i kako zbog toga obećava
da će promeniti naš ekonomski sistem
da će promeniti naš ekonomski sistem
05:44
in radical ways.
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na drastične načine.
05:47
So uncertainty is kind of a big term
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Dakle, nesigurnost je donekle velik pojam
05:50
in economics,
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u ekonomiji,
05:51
but I want to go through three forms of it
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ali ja želim da prođem
kroz njena tri oblika
kroz njena tri oblika
05:53
that we face in almost all
of our everyday transactions,
of our everyday transactions,
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sa kojima se susrećemo
u skoro svim svakodnevnim transakcijama,
u skoro svim svakodnevnim transakcijama,
05:57
where blockchains can play a role.
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a gde blokčejnovi mogu da imaju ulogu.
05:59
We face uncertainties
like not knowing who we're dealing with,
like not knowing who we're dealing with,
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Susrećemo se sa nesigurnostima
kada ne znamo s kim imamo posla,
kada ne znamo s kim imamo posla,
06:02
not having visibility into a transaction
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kada nemamo uvid u transakciju
06:05
and not having recourse
if things go wrong.
if things go wrong.
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i kada nemamo pravo na regres
ukoliko nešto pođe po zlu.
ukoliko nešto pođe po zlu.
06:09
So let's take the first example,
not knowing who we're dealing with.
not knowing who we're dealing with.
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Razmotrimo prvi primer
kada ne znamo s kim imamo posla.
kada ne znamo s kim imamo posla.
06:13
Say I want to buy
a used smartphone on eBay.
a used smartphone on eBay.
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Recimo da želim da kupim
polovan pametni telefon na Ibeju.
polovan pametni telefon na Ibeju.
06:17
The first thing I'm going to do
is look up who I'm buying from.
is look up who I'm buying from.
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Prva stvar koju ću da uradim
je da istražim od koga kupujem.
je da istražim od koga kupujem.
06:21
Are they a power user?
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Da li je iskusan korisnik?
06:23
Do they have great reviews and ratings,
or do they have no profile at all?
or do they have no profile at all?
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Da li ima dobre komentare i ocene
ili uopšte nema profil?
ili uopšte nema profil?
06:28
Reviews, ratings, checkmarks:
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Komentari, ocene, znakovi odobravanja -
06:31
these are the attestations
about our identities
about our identities
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to su potvrde o našim identitetima
06:35
that we cobble together today
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koje sakupljamo danas
06:37
and use to lower uncertainty
about who we're dealing with.
about who we're dealing with.
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i koristimo da bismo umanjili nesigurnost
u pogledu toga sa kim poslujemo.
u pogledu toga sa kim poslujemo.
06:41
But the problem is
they're very fragmented.
they're very fragmented.
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Međutim, problem je
što su veoma fragmentovane.
što su veoma fragmentovane.
06:44
Think about how many profiles you have.
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Pomislite samo koliko profila imate.
06:48
Blockchains allow for us
to create an open, global platform
to create an open, global platform
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Blokčejnovi nam omogućavaju
da stvorimo otvorenu, globalnu platformu
da stvorimo otvorenu, globalnu platformu
06:54
on which to store any attestation
about any individual
about any individual
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na kojoj možemo čuvati potvrde
o bilo kom pojedincu
o bilo kom pojedincu
06:58
from any source.
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iz bilo kog izvora.
07:00
This allows us to create a user-controlled
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Ovo nam omogućava da stvorimo
prenosivi identitet
koji kontrolišu korisnici.
koji kontrolišu korisnici.
07:03
portable identity.
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07:07
More than a profile,
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U pitanju je više od profila;
07:09
it means you can selectively reveal
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to znači da možete selektivno razotkriti
07:13
the different attributes about you
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različite svoje atribute
07:15
that help facilitate trade or interaction,
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da biste olakšali trgovinu
ili interakciju,
ili interakciju,
07:18
for instance that a government
issued you an ID,
issued you an ID,
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na primer, da vam je vlast
izdala ličnu kartu,
izdala ličnu kartu,
07:21
or that you're over 21,
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ili da imate više od 21 godine,
07:23
by revealing the cryptographic proof
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otkrivanjem kriptografskog dokaza
07:26
that these details exist
and are signed off on.
and are signed off on.
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da ti detalji postoje
i da su zvanično potvrđeni.
i da su zvanično potvrđeni.
07:30
Having this kind of portable identity
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Posedovanje ovakvog prenosivog identiteta
07:33
around the physical world
and the digital world
and the digital world
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u okviru fizičkog i digitalnog sveta
07:36
means we can do all kinds of human trade
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znači da možemo da vršimo
najrazličitije razmene
najrazličitije razmene
07:39
in a totally new way.
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na potpuno nov način.
Dakle, govorila sam o tome kako blokčejn
može umanjiti neizvesnost
može umanjiti neizvesnost
07:42
So I've talked about how blockchains
could lower uncertainty
could lower uncertainty
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u pogledu toga sa kim imamo posla.
07:45
in who we're dealing with.
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07:47
The second uncertainty that we often face
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Druga nesigurnost
sa kojom se često suočavamo
sa kojom se često suočavamo
07:49
is just not having transparency
into our interactions.
into our interactions.
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je neraspolaganje jasnim uvidom
u naše interakcije.
u naše interakcije.
07:53
Say you're going to send me
that smartphone by mail.
that smartphone by mail.
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Recimo da ćete mi poslati
taj telefon poštom.
taj telefon poštom.
07:56
I want some degree of transparency.
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Ja želim da imam neki stepen uvida.
07:58
I want to know that the product I bought
is the same one that arrives in the mail
is the same one that arrives in the mail
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Želim da znam da je proizvod
koji sam kupila isti taj koji stiže poštom
koji sam kupila isti taj koji stiže poštom
i da postoji neki zapis
o tome kako je došao do mene.
o tome kako je došao do mene.
08:02
and that there's some record
for how it got to me.
for how it got to me.
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08:04
This is true not just
for electronics like smartphones,
for electronics like smartphones,
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To važi ne samo za elektroniku
kao što su telefoni,
kao što su telefoni,
08:07
but for many kinds of goods and data,
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već za razne vrste robe i podataka,
08:10
things like medicine, luxury goods,
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stvari kao što su lekovi, luksuzna roba,
08:14
any kind of data or product
that we don't want tampered with.
that we don't want tampered with.
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bilo kakve podatke ili proizvode
za koje ne želimo da budu falsifikovani.
za koje ne želimo da budu falsifikovani.
08:18
The problem in many companies,
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Problem u mnogim kompanijama,
08:21
especially those that produce
something complicated like a smartphone,
something complicated like a smartphone,
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naročito u onima koje proizvode
nešto tako složeno kao pametni telefon,
nešto tako složeno kao pametni telefon,
08:24
is they're managing
all of these different vendors
all of these different vendors
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je da vrše nadzor
nad svim tim različitim dobavljačima
nad svim tim različitim dobavljačima
08:27
across a horizontal supply chain.
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u okviru horizontalnog lanca snabdevanja.
08:30
All of these people
that go into making a product,
that go into making a product,
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Svi ti ljudi koji učestvuju
u pravljenju proizvoda
u pravljenju proizvoda
08:32
they don't have the same database.
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nemaju istu bazu podataka.
08:34
They don't use the same infrastructure,
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Ne koriste istu infrastrukturu,
08:36
and so it becomes really hard to see
transparently a product evolve over time.
transparently a product evolve over time.
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tako da postaje zaista teško jasno videti
kako se proizvod vremenom razvija.
kako se proizvod vremenom razvija.
08:43
Using the blockchain, we can create
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Korišćenjem blokčejna,
možemo stvoriti zajedničku stvarnost
za nepoverljiva lica.
za nepoverljiva lica.
08:45
a shared reality
across nontrusting entities.
across nontrusting entities.
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Pod tim podrazumevam
08:50
By this I mean
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da se sve te tačke u mreži
ne moraju međusobno poznavati
ne moraju međusobno poznavati
08:51
all of these nodes in the network
do not need to know each other
do not need to know each other
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08:55
or trust each other,
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niti verovati jedne drugoj,
08:56
because they each have the ability
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jer svaka ima mogućnost
08:58
to monitor and validate
the chain for themselves.
the chain for themselves.
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da sama nadgleda
i utvrđuje validnost lanca.
i utvrđuje validnost lanca.
09:03
Think back to Wikipedia.
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Ponovo se setite Vikipedije.
09:04
It's a shared database,
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To je baza podataka koja se deli,
09:07
and even though it has multiple readers
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i iako ima više čitalaca
09:09
and multiple writers at the same time,
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i više pisaca u isto vreme,
09:11
it has one single truth.
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ima samo jednu istinu.
09:14
So we can create that using blockchains.
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To možemo stvoriti
korišćenjem blokčejnova.
korišćenjem blokčejnova.
09:16
We can create a decentralized database
that has the same efficiency of a monopoly
that has the same efficiency of a monopoly
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Možemo napraviti
decentralizovanu bazu podataka
decentralizovanu bazu podataka
koja ima istu efikasnost monopola,
a da ne stvara centralni autoritet.
a da ne stvara centralni autoritet.
09:22
without actually creating
that central authority.
that central authority.
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09:26
So all of these vendors,
all sorts of companies,
all sorts of companies,
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Tako svi ti dobavljači,
razne vrste kompanija,
razne vrste kompanija,
09:28
can interact using the same database
without trusting one another.
without trusting one another.
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mogu stupati u interakciju
koristeći istu bazu
koristeći istu bazu
i bez poverenja jedni u druge.
09:34
It means for consumers,
we can have a lot more transparency.
we can have a lot more transparency.
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To za potrošače znači da možemo imati
mnogo više transparentnosti.
mnogo više transparentnosti.
09:37
As a real-world object travels along,
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Dok predmet u stvarnom svetu putuje,
09:39
we can see its digital certificate
or token move on the blockchain,
or token move on the blockchain,
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možemo videti njegov digitalni sertifikat
ili token kako se pomera na blokčejnu,
ili token kako se pomera na blokčejnu,
09:45
adding value as it goes.
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pridodajući mu vrednost dok se kreće.
09:48
This is a whole new world
in terms of our visibility.
in terms of our visibility.
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Ovo je čitav novi svet
u pogledu naše vidljivosti.
u pogledu naše vidljivosti.
09:53
So I've talked about how blockchains
can lower our uncertainties about identity
can lower our uncertainties about identity
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Govorila sam o tome kako blokčejnovi
mogu smanjiti našu nesigurnost
mogu smanjiti našu nesigurnost
u vezi sa identitetom
09:59
and how they change
what we mean about transparency
what we mean about transparency
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i kako menjaju ono što podrazumevamo
pod transparentnošću
pod transparentnošću
10:02
in long distances and complex trades,
like in a supply chain.
like in a supply chain.
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kod razmena koje su složene
i na velikoj udaljenosti,
i na velikoj udaljenosti,
kao u lancu nabavke.
Poslednja neizvesnost
sa kojom se često suočavamo
sa kojom se često suočavamo
10:07
The last uncertainty that we often face
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10:09
is one of the most open-ended,
and it's reneging.
and it's reneging.
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je jedna od najraširenijih,
a to je neispunjavanje dogovora.
a to je neispunjavanje dogovora.
10:12
What if you don't send me the smartphone?
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Šta ako mi ne pošaljete telefon?
10:15
Can I get my money back?
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Da li mogu da povratim novac?
10:17
Blockchains allow us to write code,
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Blokčejnovi nam omogućavaju
da zabeležimo kod,
da zabeležimo kod,
10:21
binding contracts,
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obavezujući ugovor,
10:23
between individuals
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između pojedinaca
10:24
and then guarantee
that those contracts will bear out
that those contracts will bear out
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i zatim garantujemo
da će ti ugovori biti ispunjeni
da će ti ugovori biti ispunjeni
10:28
without a third party enforcer.
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bez primene sile trećeg lica.
10:31
So if we look at the smartphone example,
you could think about escrow.
you could think about escrow.
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Ako pogledamo primer sa telefonom,
mogli biste pomisliti na uslovni ugovor.
mogli biste pomisliti na uslovni ugovor.
10:35
You are financing that phone,
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Vi finansirate taj telefon,
ali ne morate da date novac
10:37
but you don't need to release the funds
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10:40
until you can verify
that all the conditions have been met.
that all the conditions have been met.
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dok ne potvrdite
da su ispunjeni svi uslovi -
da su ispunjeni svi uslovi -
10:43
You got the phone.
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da ste dobili telefon.
10:46
I think this is one
of the most exciting ways
of the most exciting ways
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Mislim da je ovo
jedan od najuzbudljivijih načina
jedan od najuzbudljivijih načina
10:48
that blockchains lower our uncertainties,
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na koje blokčejn
umanjuje našu nesigurnost,
umanjuje našu nesigurnost,
10:51
because it means to some degree
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jer to u izvesnoj meri znači
10:53
we can collapse institutions
and their enforcement.
and their enforcement.
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da možemo srušiti institucije
i njihovu primenu.
i njihovu primenu.
10:59
It means a lot of human economic activity
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To znači da veliki deo
ekonomske aktivnosti ljudi
ekonomske aktivnosti ljudi
11:02
can get collateralized and automated,
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može biti kolateralizovan i automatizovan
i da može pogurati do krajnjih granica
dosta ljudskih intervencija,
dosta ljudskih intervencija,
11:07
and push a lot of human
intervention to the edges,
intervention to the edges,
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11:10
the places where information moves
from the real world to the blockchain.
from the real world to the blockchain.
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na mesta gde se informacije premeštaju
iz stvarnog sveta u blokčejn.
iz stvarnog sveta u blokčejn.
11:16
I think what would probably
floor Douglass North
floor Douglass North
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Mislim da bi Daglasa Norta
verovatno oborila s nogu,
verovatno oborila s nogu,
11:19
about this use of technology
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u vezi sa ovim korišćenjem tehnologije,
11:21
is the fact that the very thing
that makes it work,
that makes it work,
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činjenica da upravo ono
što omogućava da funkcioniše,
što omogućava da funkcioniše,
11:24
the very thing that keeps the blockchain
secure and verified,
secure and verified,
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baš ono što blokčejn
čini sigurnim i proverenim
čini sigurnim i proverenim
11:29
is our mutual distrust.
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jeste naše međusobno nepoverenje.
11:33
So rather than all of our uncertainties
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Umesto da nas sve naše nesigurnosti
11:36
slowing us down
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usporavaju i zahtevaju institucije
11:38
and requiring institutions
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11:40
like banks, our governments,
our corporations,
our corporations,
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kao što su banke, vlade i korporacije,
11:45
we can actually harness
all of that collective uncertainty
all of that collective uncertainty
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zapravo možemo iskoristiti
svu tu kolektivnu nesigurnost
svu tu kolektivnu nesigurnost
11:49
and use it to collaborate and exchange
more and faster and more open.
more and faster and more open.
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i upotrebiti je da sarađujemo
i razmenjujemo više, brže i otvorenije.
i razmenjujemo više, brže i otvorenije.
11:56
Now, I don't want you
to get the impression
to get the impression
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Ne bih da steknete utisak
da je blokčejn rešenje za sve,
11:58
that the blockchain
is the solution to everything,
is the solution to everything,
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12:01
even though the media has said
that it's going to end world poverty,
that it's going to end world poverty,
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mada su mediji rekli
da će okončati siromaštvo u svetu,
da će okončati siromaštvo u svetu,
12:07
it's also going to solve
the counterfeit drug problem
the counterfeit drug problem
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da će takođe rešiti problem
falsifikovanja lekova,
falsifikovanja lekova,
12:10
and potentially save the rainforest.
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a moguće i spasiti prašume.
12:14
The truth is, this technology
is in its infancy,
is in its infancy,
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Istina je da je ova tehnologija
u svom začetku
u svom začetku
12:18
and we're going to need to see
a lot of experiments take place
a lot of experiments take place
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i da ćemo morati da vidimo
odvijanje mnogih eksperimenata
odvijanje mnogih eksperimenata
12:21
and probably fail
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i verovatno njihov neuspeh
12:23
before we truly understand
all of the use cases
all of the use cases
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pre nego što zaista budemo razumeli
sve primere korišćenja
sve primere korišćenja
12:26
for our economy.
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za našu ekonomiju.
12:29
But there are tons of people
working on this,
working on this,
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Postoji gomila ljudi koji rade na ovome,
12:31
from financial institutions
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od finansijskih institucija
do tehnoloških kompanija,
do tehnoloških kompanija,
12:33
to technology companies,
start-ups and universities.
start-ups and universities.
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startapova i univerziteta.
12:37
And one of the reasons is
that it's not just an economic evolution.
that it's not just an economic evolution.
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Jedan od razloga tome je to
što nije u pitanju samo ekonomski razvoj.
što nije u pitanju samo ekonomski razvoj.
12:42
It's also an innovation
in computer science.
in computer science.
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To je, takođe, inovacija u informatici.
12:49
Blockchains give us
the technological capability
the technological capability
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Blokčejnovi nam pružaju
tehnološku sposobnost
tehnološku sposobnost
12:52
of creating a record of human exchange,
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stvaranja zapisa o razmeni ljudi,
12:56
of exchange of currency,
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o razmeni valuta,
12:58
of all kinds of digital
and physical assets,
and physical assets,
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raznoraznih digitalnih i fizičkih dobara,
13:02
even of our own personal attributes,
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pa čak i naših ličnih atributa
13:05
in a totally new way.
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na potpuno nov način.
13:07
So in some ways,
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Tako na neki način
13:09
they become a technological institution
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postaju tehnološka institucija
13:12
that has a lot of the benefits
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koja ima mnogo prednosti
tradicionalnih institucija
tradicionalnih institucija
13:13
of the traditional institutions
we're used to using in society,
we're used to using in society,
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koje smo navikli da koristimo u društvu,
13:18
but it does this in a decentralized way.
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ali to čine na decentralizovani način.
13:22
It does this by converting
a lot of our uncertainties
a lot of our uncertainties
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To se odvija pretvaranjem
mnogih naših neizvesnosti
mnogih naših neizvesnosti
13:25
into certainties.
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u izvesnosti.
13:28
So I think we need to start
preparing ourselves,
preparing ourselves,
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Zato mislim da treba
da počnemo da se pripremamo,
da počnemo da se pripremamo,
13:31
because we are about to face a world
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jer ćemo se uskoro suočiti sa svetom
13:34
where distributed, autonomous institutions
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gde raspodeljene, autonomne institucije
13:37
have quite a significant role.
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imaju prilično značajnu ulogu.
13:40
Thank you.
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Hvala.
13:41
(Applause)
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(Aplauz)
13:50
Bruno Giussani: Thank you, Bettina.
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Bruno Đuzani: Hvala ti, Betina.
13:52
I think I understood that it's coming,
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Mislim da razumem šta predstoji,
13:56
it offers a lot of potential,
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a to pruža mnogo potencijala
13:58
and it's complex.
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i složeno je.
14:00
What is your estimate
for the rate of adoption?
for the rate of adoption?
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Kakva je tvoja procena
u vezi sa brzinom usvajanja?
u vezi sa brzinom usvajanja?
Betina Vorberg: Mislim da je to
veoma dobro pitanje.
veoma dobro pitanje.
14:07
Bettina Warburg: I think
that's a really good question.
that's a really good question.
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Moja laboratorija je prilično fokusirana
14:09
My lab is pretty much focused
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14:11
on going the enterprise
and government route first,
and government route first,
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na kretanje putem firmi i vlade,
14:14
because in reality,
blockchain is a complex technology.
blockchain is a complex technology.
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jer je blokčejn zapravo
složena tehnologija.
složena tehnologija.
14:18
How many of you actually understand
how the internet works?
how the internet works?
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Koliko vas zaista razume
kako internet funkcioniše?
kako internet funkcioniše?
14:21
But you use it every day,
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Ali ga koristite svakoga dana,
14:22
so I think we're sort of facing
the same John Sculley idea
the same John Sculley idea
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i zato mislim da se donekle suočavamo
sa istom idejom Džona Skalija
sa istom idejom Džona Skalija
14:26
of technology should either be
invisible or beautiful,
invisible or beautiful,
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da tehnologija treba da bude
nevidljiva ili prelepa,
nevidljiva ili prelepa,
14:30
and blockchain is kind of
neither of those things right now,
neither of those things right now,
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a blokčejn trenutno
nije nijedno od ta dva,
nije nijedno od ta dva,
14:34
so it's better suited
for either really early adopters
for either really early adopters
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pa je pogodniji za one
koji baš rano usvajaju nove stvari,
koji baš rano usvajaju nove stvari,
14:38
who kind of get it and can tinker around
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koji ga kapiraju
i mogu da se igraju sa njim,
i mogu da se igraju sa njim,
14:40
or for finding those best use cases
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ili za pronalaženje
najboljih primera korišćenja
najboljih primera korišćenja
14:43
like identity or asset tracking
or smart contracts
or smart contracts
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kao što su praćenje identiteta,
imovine ili pametnih ugovora
imovine ili pametnih ugovora
14:46
that can be used at that level
of an enterprise or government.
of an enterprise or government.
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koji se mogu koristiti
na tom nivou firme ili vlade.
na tom nivou firme ili vlade.
BĐ: Hvala. Hvala što si došla na TED.
14:50
BG: Thank you. Thanks for coming to TED.
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BV: Hvala.
14:52
BW: Thanks.
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(Aplauz)
14:53
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Bettina Warburg - Blockchain entrepreneur and researcherBettina Warburg is a blockchain researcher, entrepreneur and educator. A political scientist by training, she has a deep passion for the intersection of politics and technology.
Why you should listen
A graduate of both Georgetown and Oxford, Bettina Warburg started her career as a political scientist and public foresight researcher at a prominent Silicon Valley think tank. Today, she has taken her skills as a researcher and scientist and is applying them toward an entrepreneurial career by co-founding a venture studio business called Animal Ventures. There, she spends most of her time incubating new startup ideas, advising Fortune 500 clients, governments and universities in developing minimum viable products, and strategizing around blockchain, artificial intelligence, industrial internet of things and digital platforms.
Warburg is the executive producer of a Silicon Valley tech show called Tech on Politics, interviewing some of the world's most influential political operatives, entrepreneurs, government official, and the creators of some of the most exciting digital products on the market.
Warburg recently launched a new Blockchain education course called "The Basics of Blockchain." The hope is that this course will help spread the body of blockchain knowledge, inspire a new generation of entrepreneurs and get more people ready for the coming revolution.
Bettina Warburg | Speaker | TED.com