Giulia Enders: The surprisingly charming science of your gut
茱莉亞 · 安德斯: 腸道科學出乎意料的迷人
Giulia Enders is working to reveal how our gut is at the core of who we are. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
or something like this.
"So, what are you doing?"
this magical one-word reply,
everybody's happy and pleased.
大家都開心愉快。
for 30 seconds with me,
只會持續三十秒,
when one of them would ask,
in all honesty and just say,
the whole intestinal tract."
when the enthusiasm trickled,
熱情就開始變得稀落了,
like, awkwardly silent in the room,
our bowels are quite charming.
我們的腸子相當迷人。
where many people are thinking about
about the organ where this happens,
承擔這些活動的身體器官、
and the mechanisms behind it.
to figure out this magic trick,
這個魔術把戲,
disliked the gut for a long time;
不喜歡腸道的原因很多,
that are being trained there.
doing all sorts of things --
than our genitals, for example.
它又是很不一樣的層級。
of our gut is so complex
that when we poke it,
the reasons why it's so fascinating
on those three steps.
一起經歷這三個步驟。
like, "How does it work?"
「它如何運作?」
so weird for that sometimes?"
the first kind of these questions,
問前面第一種問題,
How does pooping work?"
拉屎是怎麼運作的?」
but I had no idea,
and look it up in different books.
I thought, at that time.
發現了很有趣的東西。
this outer sphincter,
我們可以控制它,
we can control it,
to the inner one first.
Is it gaseous or is it solid?
this information up to our brain,
when our brain knows,
what it's designed to do
is connected with nervous cells,
是通過神經細胞連結的,
sitting on the couch,
坐在沙發上的時候,
of the very few animals that do this
如此進階且乾淨地排便,
出色的內括約肌同志
the outer world or the time --
of public restrooms,
日議程中提出一條建議時,
on my daily agenda.
something else, which was:
I might have shied away from --
noises that happen
is actually a huge neat freak,
是個很愛乾淨的怪胎,
to clean everything up,
空檔進行大掃除,
of gut -- really, seven of them --
其實是其中的七公尺──
and hardly smelling like anything.
create a strong muscular wave
它會造成很強力的肌肉抖動,
that's been leftover after digestion.
其實是個徵兆,
is really a sign
our insides fine and tidy.
我們內部的健康和清潔。
of our stomach --
to put pressure on our belly
能夠對我們的腹部加壓,
and not so much sideways.
in X-rays, for example,
or even some sensations of pain.
is just results
when you're laying on your left side
會比右側臥更容易打嗝。
of our body and health.
had killed himself.
next to that person the day before,
of the suicide the next day,
something to do with it?
if there were scientific papers
as we sometimes think.
我們想的那麼簡單。
makes these commands
to the other organs,
of the nerves that connect brain and gut
10% 連結大腦和腸子的神經
from the brain to the gut.
in stressful situations,
that are being sensed by our gut,
來自大腦的神經遞質,
and taking away blood and energy
消耗太多血液和能量,
or nervous diarrhea
神經性嘔吐或神經性腹瀉,
doesn't want to digest.
它拒絶消化的食物。
that connect gut and brain
from our gut to our brain.
because our brain is very isolated.
我們的大腦是很孤立的。
surrounded by a thick skin,
to put together a feeling
the most important advisor for the brain
on the quality of our nutrients,
我們的營養品質好壞,
of our immune cells doing,
免疫細胞的狀況如何,
in our blood that it can sense.
血液中賀爾蒙的情況。
and send it up to the brain.
之後送到大腦去。
like visual cortex or word formations --
視覺皮質或是言語形成的區域,
or we would make funny noises -- no.
或是發出奇怪的聲音。
for things like morality,
are putting together this feeling
to contribute to this process.
like irritable bowel syndrome
anxiety or depression.
憂鬱症的風險也比較高。
也許我的心理健康也有問題。」
I also have this mental health thing."
clear on that right now --
is feeling sympathy with their gut.
until it can come to practice.
these kinds of research
differently of my moods
we are a brain and a screen,
一個大腦加上一塊螢幕,
for answers right there
or our neighbor --
come from within.
wake up too early,
around with my thoughts.
What did I eat yesterday?
and make myself a tea,
surprisingly good for me.
away from our body,
走向了更遠的地方,
bacteria differently.
is creating a new definition
too little microbes in your environment
or autoimmune diseases then.
或患自體免疫疾病。
killing off bacteria right away.
也不能傷害我們,
don't harm us -- they can't,
are looking into things like:
or have a lean figure
or even more resilient to stress?
或是更容易從壓力中恢復?
when it comes to cleanliness.
有更多的問題要解決。
it's about a healthy balance, I think.
when you look at a clean gut,
enough of them,
perspective on cleanliness
足足相差1000 倍。
in that moment,
a mistake by 1,000.
我犯了個 1000 倍的錯誤。
and that's so embarrassing."
I was like, "Ugh!"
good and right and helpful things,
對的東西、有用的東西,
on cleanliness further."
觀點又進了一步。」
that maybe we all do.
也許我們都是如此。
cleaning our living room,
to sort like a life hygiene.
有點像是「人生的衛生」。
fostering the good
保護自己不受壞事影響,
yourself from the bad
mostly good and helpful things,
大部份是好的、有用的東西,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Giulia Enders - Doctor, authorGiulia Enders is working to reveal how our gut is at the core of who we are.
Why you should listen
Giulia Enders is a medical doctor and author from Germany. In 2012, her presentation "Darm mit Charme" ("Charming Bowles") won her first prize at the Science Slam in Berlin and went viral on YouTube. Shortly after that she was asked to write a book which turned out a great success in Germany and around the world. Her bestseller Gut: The Inside Story of Our Body's Most Underrated Organ has sold more than four million copies and has been published in over 40 countries. Today Enders is doing research for her medical doctorate at the Institute for Microbiology in Frankfurt and has continued to communicate science in TV and museum projects.
Giulia Enders | Speaker | TED.com