Rebecca Brachman: A new class of drug that could prevent depression and PTSD
ريبيكا براكمان: فئة جديدة من الأدوية يمكنها أن تمنع الاكتئاب واضطرابات ما بعد الصدمة
Rebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
were made from, of all things,
بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية.
one in five soldiers develop depression,
من بين خمسة يصاب بالاكتئاب
that are at high risk for these diseases.
هذه الأمراض.
cancer patients, aid workers, refugees --
السرطان وعمال الإغاثة واللاجئين...
or major life stress.
أو لضغوطات الحياة الكبرى.
these disorders are,
if they work at all,
discovered the first vaccine --
عندما اكتشف إدوارد جينر أول لقاح،
a prophylactic for a disease,
to extend to psychiatric diseases.
أن يشمل الأمراض النفسية.
accidentally discovered
عندما اكتشفت أنا وزميلي صدفةً
depression and PTSD.
واضطراب ما بعد الصدمة.
whether they work in humans.
psychopharmaceuticals
stress resilience,
that you've since recovered from.
you missed a flight.
أو تفويتًا لرحلة.
is the active biological process
هي العملية البيولوجية الفعّالة
to bounce back after stress.
إلى الحالة الطبيعية بعد التوتر.
and your immune system fights it off.
وجهازك المناعي يحاربه.
enough stressor,
such as depression.
of major depressive disorder
ناجمة في البداية عن الضغط.
against purely biological stressors,
من عوامل الإجهاد الطبيعي،
like bullying and isolation.
كالعزلة والتسلط.
of stress hormones.
لمدة ثلاثة أسابيع.
without a psychological component.
عامل ضغط بيولوجي بلا عنصر نفسي.
of antidepressant treatment beforehand,
مضادات اكتئاب كافية لثلاثة أسابيع،
enhancer given a week before
من محفز المرونة قبل أسبوع
the depressive behavior.
a drug has ever been shown
أن دواءً
often lifelong, clinical diseases.
مزمنة -قد تدوم مدى الحياة- وسريرية.
of substance abuse, homelessness,
تعاطي المخدرات والتشرد
is over three trillion dollars per year.
من ثلاثة تريليونات في السنة.
where we know someone is predictively
أن شخصًا ما يتعرض لاحتمالية ضغط شديد.
to extreme stress.
يذهب إلى منطقة زلزال.
going into an earthquake zone.
لتعزيز المرونة
of a resilience enhancer
السلاح من قبل لصوص أو ما هو أسوأ،
by looters or worse,
against developing depression or PTSD
بالاكتئاب أو باضطراب ما بعد الصدمة
from experiencing the stress,
her susceptibility to depression and PTSD,
للاكتئاب واضطرابات ما بعد الصدمة،
her home, her family or even her life.
أو منزله أو عائلته أو حتى حياته.
the smallpox vaccine,
was widely available.
على نطاق واسع.
sensitive and creative and empathetic.
وإبداعًا وعطفًا.
وليس علم الأحياء.
by constitution and not biology.
today about depression.
تقال عن الاكتئاب.
opened the door
that followed after,
open the possibility of a whole new field:
مجال جديد تمامًا:
choose to do with it.
أن نفعله حياله.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Rebecca Brachman - Neuroscientist, writer, entrepreneurRebecca Brachman is a pioneer in the field of preventative psychopharmacology, developing drugs to enhance stress resilience and prevent mental illness.
Why you should listen
Current treatments for mood disorders only suppress symptoms without addressing the underlying disease, and there are no known cures. The drugs Rebecca Brachman is developing would be the first to prevent psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression.
Brachman completed her PhD at Columbia University, prior to which she was a fellow at the National Institutes of Health, where she discovered that immune cells carry a memory of psychological stress and that white blood cells can act as antidepressants and resilience-enhancers. Brachman's research has been featured in The Atlantic, WIRED and Business Insider, and her work was recently described by Dr. George Slavich on NPR as a "moonshot project that is very much needed in the mental health arena."
In addition to conducting ongoing research at Columbia, Brachman is an NYCEDC Entrepreneurship Lab Fellow and cofounder of Paravax -- a biotech startup developing vaccine-like prophylactic drugs ("paravaccines") -- along with her scientific collaborator, Christine Ann Denny. She is also working on a non-profit venture to repurpose existing generic drugs for use as prophylactics, and previously served as the Interim Program Director for Outreach at the Zuckerman Institute at Columbia University.
Brachman is also a playwright and screenwriter. She holds Bachelor's degrees in both neuroscience and creative wWriting, and she is currently working on a tech-focused writing project with her long-time writing partner, Sean Calder ("Grimm," "Damages," "ER"). She served as the director of NeuWrite, a national network of science-writing groups that fosters ongoing collaboration between scientists, writers and artists, and she has been featured as a storyteller at The Story Collider.
(Photo: Kenneth Willardt)
Rebecca Brachman | Speaker | TED.com