J. Marshall Shepherd: 3 kinds of bias that shape your worldview
ج. مارشل شيفرد: التحيزات الثلاثة التي تصنع رؤيتك للعالم
Dr. J. Marshall Shepherd is a leading international expert in weather and climate and is the Georgia Athletic Association Distinguished Professor of Geography and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Georgia. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
master's and PhD in physical meteorology,
ودكتوراة في الأرصاد الجوية الفيزيائية،
four questions, always.
I will always get right.
به دائمًا بصورة صحيحة.
going to be tomorrow?"
next September, it's an outdoor wedding.
وسيكون الزفاف في الهواء الطلق.
and I don't know the answer to that,
in climate change?"
every time I get that question.
في كل مرة أسمع فيها هذا السؤال
he believes in the tooth fairy.
يؤمن بوجود جنية الأسنان.
because I'm losing dollars, fast.
يخسرني دولارات، بسرعة.
there, in Atlanta.
to the top of that building
because gravity is a thing.
for the Advancement of Science, AAAS,
organizations in science,
on different science topics.
عن مواضيع علمية مختلفة.
animal research, human evolution.
الحيوان، التطور البشري.
say about those,
study those topics, in red,
الموضوعات في الواقع، بالأحمر،
are so far apart on these science issues.
جداً في القضايا العلمية.
closer to home for me,
من المنزل بالنسبة لي،
to climate change.
thinking about quite a bit.
perceptions in the public, about science,
الفهم لدى العامة، حول العلم،
about three elements of that:
academic terms, and they are.
كبيرة ومتخيلة، وهي كذلك بالفعل.
you're going to be like, "Oh!
somebody that does that."
what we already believe.
a little bit guilty of that at times.
كلنا مدانون بذلك لمرات.
of global warming in my yard,
من الاحتباس الحراري في فناء منزلي،
talking about, climate change?"
عن الاحتباس الحراري؟"
it makes me chuckle as well.
تجعلني أكتم الضحكة أيضاً.
scientifically flawed.
doesn't understand
between weather and climate.
climate is your personality.
tell me anything about your personality,
about climate change,
came up with the Dunning-Kruger effect.
ابتكرا تأثير دينينغ-كروغر.
the peer-reviewed paper for this,
استعراض النظراء حول ذلك،
of fancy terminology:
thinking we know things.
هو وهم متعالٍ ومعقد.
they know more than they do.
أنهم يعرفون أكثر مما يعرفونه فعلاً.
what they don't know.
of cognitive dissonance
if a rodent's forecast is accurate.
إذا كانت توقعات القوارض دقيقة.
about the Farmer's Almanac.
people are familiar with it.
والناس يألفونه.
about 37 percent accurate,
at Penn State University.
can forecast the weather.
some of you are like, "Yeah, right,"
أن بعضكم يفكر، "نعم، صحيح،"
with weather forecast.
أو أكثر بخصوص توقعات الطقس.
the occasional miss, you do.
العرضي، حقاً أنتم كذلك.
Dunning-Kruger and cognitive dissonance.
كروغر والتنافر المعرفي.
that people have about science.
وتصورات العامة حول العلم
and misinformation
assign reporters
about the weather forecast.
على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي.
in social media.
but here's the problem:
and sharing this; it went viral.
هذه التغريدة؛ أصبحت فيروسية.
the National Hurricane Center at all.
to the University of Georgia,
Advisory Committee,
and science data from satellite
علمية من الأقمار الاصطناعية
الغبار القادم من إفريقيا.
and in western Canada.
الشمالي من الولايات المتحدة وغربي كندا.
that we have the technology
أن نظن أن لدينا التكنولوجيا
and climate system,
of those perceptions and biases
after Hurricane Harvey.
for "Forbes" magazine periodically,
Hurricane Harvey made landfall, saying,
بأسبوع كتبت مقالة، تقول:
40 to 50 inches of rainfall."
الأمطار من 40 إلى 50 إنشاً"
to people in Houston,
it was going to be this bad."
أن الأمور ستسوء إلى هذا الحد."
outside of our experience level.
شيء يفوق مرحلة خبرتنا.
get rain all of the time,
على الأمطار كل الوقت،
for the entire year.
34 إنشاً خلال السنة كلها.
that's outside of the normal.
literacy and misinformation.
والأمية وقلة المعلومات.
that are cornering our perceptions?
الصندوق الذي ينحى بإدراكنا؟
we can come very close to home.
يمكن أن نأتي قريباً جداً من المنزل.
shut the city of Atlanta down.
we were in a winter storm watch,
في ساعة عاصفة من الشتاء،
as being a downgrade,
was that it was not going to be as bad,
الطقس لن يكون بهذا السوء،
as the models were coming in.
boxed in by our perceptions.
نحبس أنفسنا في صندوق تصوراتنا.
we increase the area.
of understanding about science?
perspective, your faith --
your information on science?
and evaluated your sources.
لتحيزاتك وتطويرك لمصادرك.
little 40-second clip
المقطع الصوتي، مدته 40 ثانية
TV meteorologists in the US, Greg Fishel,
في الولايات المتحدة، كريك فيشل،
about speaking out.
The mistake I was making
for information
in listening to anything contrary.
in confirmation bias?
to support what you already think?"
لتدعم بها آرائك المسبقة؟"
and I tried to be,
مع نفسي، وهذا ما أسعى إليه،
I'd been taught to conduct myself
to make the argument
having some effect.
as to how much,
a responsible thing for me to do
about expanding his radius
للتو عن توسيع نصف قطره
life as we know it.
our own radius in understanding science,
for Atlanta, Georgia,
وجورجيا، ولأتلانتا وجورجيا،
and for the world.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
J. Marshall Shepherd - MeteorologistDr. J. Marshall Shepherd is a leading international expert in weather and climate and is the Georgia Athletic Association Distinguished Professor of Geography and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Georgia.
Why you should listen
Dr. J. Marshall Shepherd was the 2013 President of American Meteorological Society (AMS), the nation's largest and oldest professional/science society in the atmospheric and related sciences. He serves as Director of the University of Georgia's (UGA) Atmospheric Sciences Program and Full Professor in the Department of Geography where he is Associate Department Head.
Shepherd is also the host of The Weather Channel’s Weather Geeks, a pioneering Sunday talk show dedicated to science, and he is a contributor to Forbes Magazine. Dr. Shepherd routinely appears on national media outlets like CNN, The Weather Channel, CBS's Face The Nation and more. He also provides expertise to NASA, NOAA, The White House, Congress and other stakeholders.
J. Marshall Shepherd | Speaker | TED.com