Barbara J. King: Grief and love in the animal kingdom
باربرا جيه كينغ: الحزن والحب في مملكة الحيوان
As a writer on animal cognition and emotion, Barbara J. King seeks to motivate us all to be kinder to the animals we share the planet with. Full bio
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about an orca named Tahlequah.
as J35 to scientists,
in the Salish Sea.
في بحر (ساليش).
British Columbia and Washington State.
كولومبيا البريطانية وولاية واشنطن.
in her 17-month pregnancy,
in this pod for three long years.
لمدة ثلاث سنوات.
known as killer whales.
and profoundly intelligent beings.
in their behavior,
they share habits, information
يتشاركون العادات والمعلومات
has been way down in the region,
المفضل للأركات قد انخفضت في المنطقة،
gave birth to a daughter,
by this development.
in fact, shortly after birth --
- بعد الولادة بقليل -
electrified animal lovers
to let her baby slip off into the water.
تنزلق في الماء.
and she swam with it.
she would dive and rescue it,
she swam over 1,000 miles.
سبحت لمسافة تتجاوز 1600 كيلومترًا.
slip off into the water.
swims on with the J Pod,
is the right word to use.
هي الكلمة الصحيحة لاستخدامها.
is the right word to use
أو أزواجهم أو أقاربهم.
these behavioral cues,
وهذه الدلائل السلوكية،
an animal's emotional state.
examples of animal grief --
and in wild animals --
of animal grief.
to you right up front
it's been a big deterrent
we project onto other animals
على الحيوانات الأخرى
think of examples of this.
towards a squirrel,
to read an animal's mind.
with some meaning.
often push back at me,
has been disrupted."
about anthropomorphism
المبالغ فيه من التجسيد
can care very deeply for each other,
أن تهتم بعمق لبعضها البعض،
can be pierced by a death.
on embracing part of ourselves.
of animal grief,
a better place for animals,
مكانًا أفضل للحيوانات،
about animal grief.
an elephant named Eleanor
came to her right away
visibly distressed,
and she vocalized.
from another family named Maui,
من عائلة أخرى تدعى (ماوي)،
and she stayed at the body.
and she even rocked in distress
should be classified as grief.
himself or herself away from friends
or vocalization.
for those of us studying this
لمن يدرسون ذلك بيننا
of a survivor before death
of our interpretation.
named Harper and Kohl.
at a foie gras factory,
لإنتاج كبد الأوز المسمن،
force-feeding of birds.
التغذية الإجبارية للطيور.
spirits were not in good shape, either.
كما تنخفض معنوياتهم أيضًا.
by a farm sanctuary in upstate New York.
من قبل مأوى حيوانات في ولاية نيويورك.
and they were fast friends.
استقرا وكانا رفيقين مقربين.
to a small pond on the property.
إلى بركة صغيرة في المأوى.
really intractable pain in his legs,
that he had to be euthanized humanely,
أنه يجب إخضاعه للقتل الرحيم،
did a brilliant thing,
to the body to see.
the body of his friend,
for over an hour with his friend.
where he had been with Kohl,
التي كان يذهب إليها مع رفيقه (كول)،
have this sorrowful outcome.
مثل هذا السلوك المؤلم.
to visit my adult daughter, Sarah.
لزيارة ابنتي سارة.
and I checked my work email.
وتحققت من البريد الإلكتروني الخاص بالعمل.
about a dejected donkey.
this wasn't what I expected,
had gone to another farm sanctuary,
إلى مأوى حيوانات آخر،
for that reason.
with an older horse named Jake,
حصانًا أكبر يدعى (جايك)،
was that Jake, at age 32, the horse,
هي كون الحصان (جايك) بعمر 32 عامًا
and had to be put down,
She didn't want to come in for food.
ولم ترغب في الذهاب لتناول الطعام.
she brayed in distress,
diverge from that of Harper the duck,
and said it worked out well.
قالوا فيه أن الأمر نجح.
supplement observation
of scientists in Botswana,
and compared two different groups.
وقارنوا مجموعتين مختلفتين.
who had witnessed a predator attack
شهدن هجومًا لأحد المفترسات
who had witnessed an attack
were way up in that first group.
في المجموعة الأولى.
call them "stressed baboons,"
"قردة البابون المجهدة،"
of the observations that they made.
pair were very close,
كانت الأم والابنة مقربتان،
was killed by a lion.
from all her friends,
and just stayed by herself for weeks --
about bereaved bees?
عن النحل الثَكالى؟
is because animals really need
هو أن الحيوانات تحتاج
for that to happen.
and personality matters.
والفروق الشخصية مهمة.
cats and dogs who grieve,
who was extremely bothered
كانت منزعجة للغاية
in the house has died.
seem concerned, the second dog.
the only animal in the household,
أصبح الآن الحيوان الوحيد بالمنزل.
that was a pretty good deal.
are not going to grieve
we've never met,
that their grief isn't real.
at a young age from AIDS.
في سن صغيرة بسبب الإيدز.
here have lost someone.
the only beings on this earth
الكائنات الوحيدة على هذه الأرض
this a step further,
that the reality of animal grief
and do better for animals.
renewed their talks with greater urgency
جددا المحادثات باستعجال أكبر
أنه إذا كان الحزن حقيقيًا،
plausibility to the notion
sadness, even hope.
والكآبة، وحتى الأمل.
to think about the world.
we know they feel their lives,
to small tanks in theme parks
في خزانات صغيرة في مدن الملاهي
for our entertainment.
and say, yes, they grieve,
نعم، هي تحزن،
against international trophy hunting
living relatives, monkeys and apes,
السعادين والقردة،
they feel their lives,
they tell us something too.
يخبراننا بشيء أيضًا.
and realize that what we eat
وإدراك أن ما نأكله
and it's not just ducks.
and cows in factory farms,
والبقر في مزارع المصانع،
that these animals feel, too.
وأن هذه الحيوانات تشعر أيضًا.
we choose a plant-based meal,
to reducing animal suffering.
of animal grief.
حقيقة أن الحيوانات تحزن.
we don't own these things.
so much better for animals,
مكانًا أفضل للحيوانات،
just save ourselves, too.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Barbara J. King - Biological anthropologist, writerAs a writer on animal cognition and emotion, Barbara J. King seeks to motivate us all to be kinder to the animals we share the planet with.
Why you should listen
Barbara J. King writes and speaks about the thinking and feeling abilities of animals ranging from our closest living relatives, monkeys and apes, to orcas and octopuses. In her own words: "After 28 years of teaching anthropology at the College of William and Mary, I’m now a full-time freelance science writer and speaker. My husband and I care for homeless cats and spend all the time we can in nature. For work, I’ve observed baboons in Kenya, and gorillas and bonobos in captivity, and for pleasure bison in Yellowstone. I focus on how the science of animal cognition and emotion might help animals.
"My books take up topics ranging from animal grief to who (not what) we eat and how religion evolved, tied together by my focus on animals. I wrote weekly for six years for NPR about science, and my work has appeared in Scientific American, Aeon and Undark magazines. I love giving public science talks and I am active daily on Twitter @bjkingape."
King is the author of How Animals Grieve, Personalities on the Plate and Evolving God.
Barbara J. King | Speaker | TED.com