TEDWomen 2010
Liza Donnelly: Drawing on humor for change
Liza Donnelly: Fent ús de l'humor per aconseguir un canvi
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La caricaturista de Nova York Liza Donnelly comparteix la seva carpeta dels seus savis i divertits dibuixos sobre la vida moderna- i parla sobre com l'humor pot animar a les dones a canviar les normes.
Liza Donnelly - Cartoonist
New Yorker cartoonist Liza Donnelly tackles global issues with humor, intelligence and sarcasm. Her latest project supports the United Nations initiative Cartooning For Peace. Full bio
New Yorker cartoonist Liza Donnelly tackles global issues with humor, intelligence and sarcasm. Her latest project supports the United Nations initiative Cartooning For Peace. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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I was afraid of womanhood.
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Jo tenia por de la femineïtat.
00:27
Not that I'm not afraid now,
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No que no tingui por ara,
00:29
but I've learned to pretend.
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però he après a fingir.
00:31
I've learned to be flexible.
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He après a ser flexible
00:33
In fact, I've developed some interesting tools
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De fet, he desenvolupat unes ferramentes interessants
00:35
to help me deal with this fear.
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per ajudar-me a superar aquesta por.
00:37
Let me explain.
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Permetin-me que els expliqui.
00:39
Back in the '50s and '60s, when I was growing up,
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Als anys 50 i 60, quan jo estava creixent,
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little girls were supposed to be kind and thoughtful
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les nenes petites es suposava que havien de ser amables i considerades
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and pretty and gentle and soft,
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i boniques i gentils i dolces.
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and we were supposed to fit into roles
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I es suposava que haviem d'encaixar dins uns rols
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that were sort of shadowy --
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que no estaven gens clars.
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really not quite clear what we were supposed to be.
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No estava gens clar el que es suposava que haviem de ser.
00:52
(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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There were plenty of role models all around us.
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Hi havia moltíssims models exemplars al nostre voltant.
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We had our mothers, our aunts, our cousins, our sisters,
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Teníem les nostres mares, ties, cosines, germanes,
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and of course, the ever-present media
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i per suposat, la sempre present premsa
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bombarding us with images and words,
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bombardejant-nos amb imatges i paraules,
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telling us how to be.
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diguent-nos com ser.
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Now my mother was different.
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Ara, la meva mare era diferent.
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She was a homemaker,
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Ella era mestressa de casa,
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but she and I didn't go out and do girlie things together,
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però ella i jo no sortiem a fer coses de noies juntes.
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and she didn't buy me pink outfits.
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I no em va comprar vestits roses.
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Instead, she knew what I needed, and she bought me a book of cartoons.
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En comptes d'això, ella sabia el que jo necessitava, i em va comprar un llibre de dibuixos.
01:20
And I just ate it up.
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I el vaig devorar.
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I drew, and I drew,
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Vaig dibuixar i dibuixar,
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and since I knew that humor was acceptable in my family,
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i com sabia que l'humor era acceptable a la meva família
01:27
I could draw, do what I wanted to do,
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podia dibuixar, fer el que volgués,
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and not have to perform, not have to speak --
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i no haver d'interpretar, no haver de parlar-
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I was very shy --
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jo era molt tímida-
01:33
and I could still get approval.
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i encara podia aconseguir aprobació.
01:36
I was launched as a cartoonist.
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I em vaig llençar com caricaturista.
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Now when we're young,
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Ara bé, quan som joves,
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we don't always know. We know there are rules out there,
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no sempre sabem-sabem que hi ha regles allí fora
01:45
but we don't always know --
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però no sempre sabem-
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we don't perform them right,
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no les seguim correctament,
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even though we are imprinted at birth
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tot i que som gravades des del neixement
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with these things,
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amb aquestes coses,
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and we're told
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i se'ns diu,
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what the most important color in the world is.
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quin és el color més important al món.
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We're told what shape we're supposed to be in.
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Se'ns diu quina forma es suposa que hem de tenir.
02:02
(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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We're told what to wear --
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Se'ns diu com ens hem de vestir-
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(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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-- and how to do our hair --
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-i com ens hem de pantinar-
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(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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-- and how to behave.
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- i com ens hem de comportar.
02:19
Now the rules that I'm talking about
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Ara bé, les normes de les que parlo
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are constantly being monitored by the culture.
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són constantment vigilades per la cultura.
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We're being corrected,
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Estem sent corregides.
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and the primary policemen are women,
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Les principals policies són dones,
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because we are the carriers of the tradition.
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perquè som les portadores de la tradició.
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We pass it down from generation to generation.
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La passem de generació en generació.
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Not only that --
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No només,
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we always have this vague notion
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tenim sempre aquesta idea vaga
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that something's expected of us.
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de que s'espera alguna cosa de nosaltres.
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And on top of all off these rules,
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I a sobre de totes aquestes normes,
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they keep changing.
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continuen canviant.
02:45
(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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We don't know what's going on half the time,
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La meitat del temps no sabem què és el que está passant,
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so it puts us in a very tenuous position.
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i això ens posa dins una situació delicada.
02:55
(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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Now if you don't like these rules,
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Ara bé, si no els agraden aquestes normes,
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and many of us don't --
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i a moltes de nosaltres no ens agraden-
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I know I didn't, and I still don't,
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jo sé que a mi no m'agradaven, i encara no m'agraden,
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even though I follow them half the time,
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tot i que les segueixo la meitat del temps,
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not quite aware that I'm following them --
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sense ser del tot conscient d'estar seguint-les-
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what better way than to change them [than] with humor?
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quina manera millor de canviar-les que amb humor?
03:13
Humor relies on the traditions of a society.
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L'humor es basa en les tradicions d'una societat.
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It takes what we know, and it twists it.
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Pren el que coneixem, i ho distorsiona.
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It takes the codes of behavior and the codes of dress,
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Pren el codis de comportament i els codis de vestimenta,
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and it makes it unexpected,
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i els fa inesperats,
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and that's what elicits a laugh.
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i això és el que provoca riures.
03:25
Now what if you put together women and humor?
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Ara bé, què passa si ajuntem la dona i l'humor?
03:28
I think you can get change.
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Jo penso que podem obtenir un canvi.
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Because women are on the ground floor,
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Perquè les dones estan a la planta baixa,
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and we know the traditions so well,
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i coneixem les tradicions tan bé,
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we can bring a different voice to the table.
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podem portar una veu diferent a la taula
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Now I started drawing
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Bé, jo vaig començar a dibuixar
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in the middle of a lot of chaos.
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en mig de molt de caos.
03:40
I grew up not far from here in Washington D.C.
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Vaig créixer no molt lluny d´aquí a Washington D.C.
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during the Civil Rights movement, the assassinations,
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durant el moviment dels Drets Civils, els assassinats,
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the Watergate hearings and then the feminist movement,
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el judici de Watergate i el moviment feminista.
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and I think I was drawing,
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I crec que jo dibuixava,
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trying to figure out what was going on.
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per intentar entendre el que estava passant.
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And then also my family was in chaos,
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I a la vegada, la meva família estava en caos llavors.
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and I drew to try to bring my family together --
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I dibuixava per intentar mantenir unida la família-
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(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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-- try to bring my family together with laughter.
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-intentar unir la meva família amb riures.
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It didn't work.
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No va funcionar.
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My parents got divorced, and my sister was arrested.
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Els meus pares es van divorciar, i a la meva germana la van arrestar.
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But I found my place.
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Però vaig trobar el meu lloc.
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I found that I didn't have to wear high heels,
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Vaig descobrir que no havia de portar tacons,
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I didn't have to wear pink,
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no havia de vestir de rosa,
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and I could feel like I fit in.
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i podia sentir que encaixava.
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Now when I was a little older, in my 20s,
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Ara bé, quan vaig ser una mica més gran, als 20,
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I realized there are not many women in cartooning.
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Em vaig adonar que no hi ha gaires dones dins el món de la caricatura.
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And I thought, "Well, maybe I can break
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I vaig pensar, "Bé, potser puc rompre
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the little glass ceiling of cartooning,"
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el petit sostre de vidre del món de la caricatura."
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and so I did. I became a cartoonist.
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I així ho vaig fer; em vaig fer dibuixant.
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And then I thought -- in my 40s I started thinking,
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I llavors vaig pensar, als 40 vaig començar a pensar
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"Well, why don't I do something?
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"Bé, per què no faig alguna cosa?
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I always loved political cartoons,
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Sempre m'havia agradat la caricatura política,
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so why don't I do something with the content of my cartoons
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així que, ¿per què no faig alguna cosa amb el contingut de les meves caricatures
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to make people think about the stupid rules that we're following
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per fer reflexionar a la gent sobre les normes estúpides que estem seguint
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as well as laugh?"
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a més de fer riure?"
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Now my perspective
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Ara la meva perspectiva
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is a particularly --
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és particularment-
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(Laughter)
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(Riures)
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-- my perspective is a particularly American perspective.
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- la meva perspectiva és particularment una perspectiva americana.
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I can't help it. I live here.
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No ho puc evitar. Visc aquí.
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Even though I've traveled a lot,
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Tot i que he viatjat moltíssim,
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I still think like an American woman.
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encara penso com una dona americana.
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But I believe that the rules that I'm talking about
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Però crec que les normes de les que parlo
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are universal, of course --
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són universals, és clar-
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that each culture has its different codes of behavior
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cada cultura té els seus diferents codis de conducta
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and dress and traditions,
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i de vestimenta i tradicions,
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and each woman has to deal with these same things
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i cada dona ha de lluitar amb aquestes mateixes coses
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that we do here in the U.S.
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que fem aquí als EE.UU
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Consequently, we have.
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Com a conseqüència, tenim-
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Women, because we're on the ground, we know the tradition.
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dones, perquè estem de peus a terra, coneixem la tradició-
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We have amazing antennae.
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tenim una antena impressionant.
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Now my work lately
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Ara, últimament la meva feina
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has been to collaborate with international cartoonists,
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ha estat col.laborar amb caricaturistes internacionals,
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which I so enjoy,
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que de fet m'encanta
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and it's given me a greater appreciation
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I m'ha aportat una apreciació major
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for the power of cartoons
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pel poder de les caricatures
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to get at the truth,
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per arribar a la veritat,
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to get at the issues quickly and succinctly.
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per arribar als problemes ràpida i succintament.
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And not only that, it can get to the viewer
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I no només això, pot arrivar a l'espectador
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through not only the intellect, but through the heart.
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a través, no només de l'intel.lecte, sinò també del cor.
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My work also has allowed me to collaborate
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El meu treball també m'ha permès col.laborar
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with women cartoonists from across the world --
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amb caricaturistes dones de tot el món-
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countries such as Saudi Arabia,
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països com Aràbia Saudí,
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Iran, Turkey,
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Iran, Turquia,
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Argentina, France --
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Argentina, França-
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and we have sat together and laughed
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i ens hem assegut juntes i hem rigut
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and talked and shared our difficulties.
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i parlat i compartit les nostres dificultats.
06:02
And these women are working so hard to get their voices heard
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I aquestes dones estan treballant tan de debò per aconseguir que les seves veus siguin escoltades
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in some very difficult circumstances.
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en circumstàncies molt difícils.
06:08
But I feel blessed to be able to work with them.
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Però em sento afortunada de poder treballar amb elles.
06:12
And we talk about
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I parlem de
06:14
how women have such strong perceptions,
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com les dones tenen aquestes percepcions fortes
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because of our tenuous position
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degut a la nostra posició tènue
06:18
and our role as tradition-keepers,
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i el nostre rol com a conservadores de la tradició,
06:21
that we can have the great potential
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que podem tenir el gran potencial
06:24
to be change-agents.
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de ser portadores del canvi.
06:26
And I think, I truly believe,
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I jo penso, crec de veritat,
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that we can change this thing
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que canviem això
06:31
one laugh at a time.
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riure a riure.
06:33
Thank you.
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Gràcies.
06:35
(Applause)
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(Aplaudiments)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Liza Donnelly - CartoonistNew Yorker cartoonist Liza Donnelly tackles global issues with humor, intelligence and sarcasm. Her latest project supports the United Nations initiative Cartooning For Peace.
Why you should listen
When Liza Donnelly joined The New Yorker in 1982, she was the youngest cartoonist on staff and one of only three women at the time to draw cartoons for the magazine. She’s still there. In 2005, Donnelly wrote the definitive book about her colleagues: Funny Ladies: The New Yorker’s Greatest Women Cartoonists and Their Cartoons. She’s been part of many other books, including Sex and Sensibility, Cartoon Marriage (about her life with fellow New Yorker cartoonist Michael Maslin) and a popular series of dinosaur books for kids. Her latest is Women on Men.
In 2007, Donnelly joined the United Nations initiative Cartooning for Peace. She travels worldwide to speak out about freedom of speech, world peace, and other global issues. Along with her New Yorker cartoons, Donnelly writes a column for Forbes, and draws a weekly political cartoon for Medium. She's a founding member of the US branch of the international organization FECO, and has taught at Vassar College and The School of Visual Arts. She received an honorary PhD from the University of Connecticut and is a cultural envoy for the US State Department, traveling to speak about women's rights, freedom of expression and cartoons.
Liza Donnelly | Speaker | TED.com