TEDGlobal 2011
Mikko Hypponen: Fighting viruses, defending the net
Mikko Hypponen: Paglaban sa viruses, pagtatanggol ng net
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25 taon na ang nakalilipas mula ng tamaan ang net ng unang PC virus (Brain A), at ang noong una'y nakakainis lamang ay naging sopistikadong kagamitan ngayon ng krimen at pang-iispiya. Ilalahad sa atin ng eksperto sa seguridad ng kompyuter na si Mikko Hypponen kung paano mapapahinto ang mga bagong virus sa pagbabanta sa internet na laganap ngayon.
Mikko Hypponen - Cybersecurity expert
As computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance? Full bio
As computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance? Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I love the Internet.
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Mahal ko ang Internet.
00:18
It's true.
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Totoo yun.
00:20
Think about everything it has brought us.
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Isipin mo ang lahat ng naidulot nito sa atin.
00:22
Think about all the services we use,
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Isipin mo ang lahat ng pakinabang nito sa atin,
00:25
all the connectivity,
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lahat ng pagkakaugnay,
00:27
all the entertainment,
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lahat ng uri ng aliw,
00:29
all the business, all the commerce.
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lahat ng negosyo, lahat ng kalakalan.
00:32
And it's happening during our lifetimes.
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At ito'y nangyayari sa panahon natin.
00:35
I'm pretty sure that one day
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Sigurado ako na balang araw
00:38
we'll be writing history books
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tayo'y magsusulat ng librong pangkasaysayan
00:40
hundreds of years from now. This time
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ilang daang taon mula ngayon. Ngayon
00:43
our generation will be remembered
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ang henerasyon natin ay maaalala
00:46
as the generation that got online,
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bilang henerasyon na nagka-online,
00:49
the generation
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ang henerasyon
00:51
that built something really and truly global.
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na bumuo ng isang bagay na tunay at talagang pangdaigdigan.
00:54
But yes, it's also true
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Subalit, totoo din naman
00:57
that the Internet has problems, very serious problems,
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na ang internet ay may mga suliranin, mga napakaseryosong suliranin,
01:00
problems with security
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mga problema sa seguridad
01:03
and problems with privacy.
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at mga problema sa pagiging pribado nito.
01:06
I've spent my career
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Ginugol ko ang aking karera
01:08
fighting these problems.
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upang labanan ang mga problemang ito.
01:11
So let me show you something.
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Kaya hayaan niyo sanang ipakita ko sa inyo ito.
01:15
This here
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Ito ay
01:17
is Brain.
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ang Brain.
01:19
This is a floppy disk
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Ito ay isang disket
01:21
-- five and a quarter-inch floppy disk
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-- lima at sangkapat na pulgadang disket
01:23
infected by Brain.A.
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na nahawaan ng Brain.A.
01:25
It's the first virus we ever found
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Ito ang kauna-unahang virus na natagpuan namin
01:27
for PC computers.
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para sa mga PC kompyuter.
01:30
And we actually know
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At alam namin talaga
01:32
where Brain came from.
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kung saan nagmula ang Brain.
01:34
We know because it says so
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Alam namin dahil ito'y sinabi mismo
01:36
inside the code.
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sa loob ng code.
01:38
Let's take a look.
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Tingnan natin.
01:45
All right.
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Ayos.
01:48
That's the boot sector of an infected floppy,
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Ito ang boot sector ng nahawang disket.
01:51
and if we take a closer look inside,
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At kung titingnan natin ng mabuti sa loob,
01:54
we'll see that right there,
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makikita natin ito dito,
01:56
it says, "Welcome to the dungeon."
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nakasaad dito na, "Welcome to the dungeon."
02:00
And then it continues,
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At kasunod nito,
02:02
saying, 1986, Basit and Amjad.
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ay nakasaad, 1986, Basit and Amjad.
02:05
And Basit and Amjad are first names,
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At Basit at Amjad ay mga pangalan,
02:08
Pakistani first names.
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Mga pangalan ng mga Pakistani.
02:10
In fact, there's a phone number and an address in Pakistan.
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Sa katunayan, may numero ng telepono at address sa Pakistan.
02:13
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
02:18
Now, 1986.
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Ito, 1986.
02:21
Now it's 2011.
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Ngayon ay 2011.
02:23
That's 25 years ago.
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Yun ay 25 taong nakalipas.
02:25
The PC virus problem is 25 years old now.
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Ang problema sa PC virus ay 25 taon na.
02:29
So half a year ago,
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Kaya kalahating taon ang nakalipas,
02:31
I decided to go to Pakistan myself.
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Nagpasya akong magpunta sa Pakistan nang ako mismo.
02:34
So let's see, here's a couple of photos I took while I was in Pakistan.
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Kaya tingnan natin, ito'y dalawang larawan na kinuhanan ko habang ako ay nasa Pakistan.
02:37
This is from the city of Lahore,
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Ito ay mula sa siyudad ng Lahore,
02:39
which is around 300 kilometers south
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na humigit kumulang na 300 kilometro patimog
02:41
from Abbottabad, where Bin Laden was caught.
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mula Abbottabad kung saan nahuli si Bin Laden.
02:44
Here's a typical street view.
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Ito'y karaniwang tanawin mula sa kalye.
02:47
And here's the street or road leading to this building,
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At ito ang kalye at daan papunta sa gusali,
02:50
which is 730 Nizam block at Allama Iqbal Town.
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ang 730 Nizam block sa bayan ng Allama Iqbal.
02:54
And I knocked on the door.
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At kinatok ko ang pintuan.
02:56
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
02:58
You want to guess who opened the door?
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Hulaan niyo kung sino ang nagbukas ng pinto?
03:00
Basit and Amjad; they are still there.
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Basit at Amjad; nandoon pa din sila.
03:02
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
03:04
(Applause)
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(Palakpakan)
03:08
So here standing up is Basit.
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Kaya ito nakatayo si Basit.
03:11
Sitting down is his brother Amjad.
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Nakaupo naman ang kanyang kapatid na si Amjad.
03:14
These are the guys who wrote the first PC virus.
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Sila ang mga taong sumulat ng kaunaunahang PC virus.
03:17
Now of course, we had a very interesting discussion.
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Syempre, naganap ang isang kawili-wiling talastasan.
03:20
I asked them why.
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Tinanong ko sila kung bakit.
03:22
I asked them how they feel about what they started.
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Tinanong ko kung ano ang tingin nila sa kanilang naumpisahan.
03:25
And I got some sort of satisfaction
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At nagkaroon ako ng mumunting kagalakan
03:28
from learning that both Basit and Amjad
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nang nalaman kong sila Basit at Amjad
03:31
had had their computers infected dozens of times
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ay nagkakaproblema din sa mga nahawang komputer
03:34
by completely unrelated other viruses
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mula sa iba't ibang klase ng virus
03:36
over these years.
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sa mga nakalipas na taon.
03:38
So there is some sort of justice
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May hustisya naman pala
03:40
in the world after all.
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sa mundong ito.
03:44
Now, the viruses that we used to see
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Ngayon, ang mga virus na dati nating nakikita
03:46
in the 1980s and 1990s
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noong 1980s at 1990s
03:48
obviously are not a problem any more.
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ay hindi na problema.
03:51
So let me just show you a couple of examples
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Hayaan niyong ipakita ko sa inyo ang ilang halimbawa
03:53
of what they used to look like.
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ng kanilang dating anyo.
03:55
What I'm running here
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Pinapatakbo ko dito
03:57
is a system that enables me
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ang isang sistema na nagbibigay-daan
03:59
to run age-old programs on a modern computer.
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para gumana ang mga lumang programa dito sa modernong kompyuter.
04:02
So let me just mount some drives. Go over there.
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Ilalagay ko muna itong mga drives. Punta ka doon.
04:05
What we have here is a list of old viruses.
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May listahan tayo dito ng mga lumang virus.
04:08
So let me just run some viruses on my computer.
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Paaandarin ko ang ilang mga virus sa aking kompyuter.
04:11
For example,
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Halimbawa,
04:13
let's go with the Centipede virus first.
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tingnan natin ang Centipede virus.
04:15
And you can see at the top of the screen,
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Makikita niyo sa taas ng screen,
04:17
there's a centipede scrolling across your computer
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may centipede na gumagapang sa inyong kompyuter
04:19
when you get infected by this one.
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kapag nahawaan nito.
04:21
You know that you're infected
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Alam mong nahawaan ito,
04:23
because it actually shows up.
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dahil nakikita mo ito mismo.
04:25
Here's another one. This is the virus called Crash,
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Heto pa ang isa. Ito ang virus na tinatawag na Crash
04:28
invented in Russia in 1992.
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na naimbento sa Russia noong 1992.
04:30
Let me show you one which actually makes some sound.
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Ito naman ay isang virus na gumagawa ng tunog.
04:34
(Siren noise)
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(Tunog ng wang-wang)
04:40
And the last example,
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At ang huling halimbawa,
04:42
guess what the Walker virus does?
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hulaan niyo ang ginagawa ng Walker virus.
04:44
Yes, there's a guy walking across your screen
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Tama, may taong maglalakad sa screen
04:46
once you get infected.
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kapag ikaw ay nahawaan.
04:48
So it used to be fairly easy to know
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Kaya napakadaling malaman dati
04:51
that you're infected by a virus,
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na ika'y nahawaan ng virus,
04:54
when the viruses were written by hobbyists
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noong ang mga virus ay nililikha bilang katuwaan
04:56
and teenagers.
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at ng mga binatilyo.
04:58
Today, they are no longer being written
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Ngayon, hindi lamang
05:00
by hobbyists and teenagers.
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mga hobbyists at binatilyo ang lumilikha nito.
05:02
Today, viruses are a global problem.
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Ngayon, ang mga virus ay isang pandaigdigang suliranin.
05:05
What we have here in the background
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Dito sa aking likuran
05:07
is an example of our systems that we run in our labs,
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ay isang silip sa sistemang ginagamit namin sa lab,
05:10
where we track virus infections worldwide.
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na sumusubaybay sa paghawa ng mga virus sa buong mundo.
05:12
So we can actually see in real time
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Nakikita natin dito sa real time
05:14
that we've just blocked viruses in Sweden and Taiwan
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na may hinarang tayong virus sa Sweden at Taiwan
05:17
and Russia and elsewhere.
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at Russia at kahit saan man.
05:19
In fact, if I just connect back to our lab systems
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Sa katunayan, kung kokonekta ulit ako sa aming lab system
05:22
through the Web,
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gamit ang Web,
05:24
we can see in real time
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makikita natin sa real time
05:26
just some kind of idea of how many viruses,
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kung gaano kadami ang mga virus,
05:29
how many new examples of malware we find every single day.
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kung ilang uri ng bagong malware ang natutuklasan namin bawat araw.
05:32
Here's the latest virus we've found,
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Ito ang pinakabagong virus na natuklasan namin
05:34
in a file called Server.exe.
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sa file na tinatawag na Server.exe.
05:36
And we found it right over here three seconds ago --
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At natuklasan namin ito dito tatlong segundo lang ang nakalipas --
05:39
the previous one, six seconds ago.
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yung isa naman, anim na segundo ang lumipas.
05:41
And if we just scroll around,
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At kung titingnan natin lahat,
05:44
it's just massive.
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ito'y napakarami.
05:46
We find tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands.
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Makakahanap tayo ng libo-libo, at ilang daang libo pa.
05:49
And that's the last 20 minutes of malware
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At yun lamang ay malware sa nakalipas na 20 minuto
05:52
every single day.
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bawat araw.
05:54
So where are all these coming from then?
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Saan kaya nagmumula ang lahat ng ito?
05:57
Well today, it's the organized criminal gangs
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Ngayon, mula ito sa mga organisadong grupong kriminal
06:01
writing these viruses
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na lumilikha ng mga virus
06:03
because they make money with their viruses.
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upang pagkakitaan ng pera ang mga virus.
06:05
It's gangs like --
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Ito'y parang mga grupo --
06:07
let's go to GangstaBucks.com.
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punta tayo sa GangstaBucks.com.
06:10
This is a website operating in Moscow
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Ito ay website na nakabase sa Moscow
06:13
where these guys are buying infected computers.
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kung saan binibili nila ang mga nahawaang kompyuter.
06:17
So if you are a virus writer
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Kaya kung ikaw ay nagsusulat ng virus
06:19
and you're capable of infecting Windows computers,
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at marunong kang manghawa ng kompyuter ng Windows,
06:21
but you don't know what to do with them,
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ngunit hindi mo alam kung anong gagawin sa kanila,
06:23
you can sell those infected computers --
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pwede mong ipagbili ang mga kompyuter na nahawaan --
06:25
somebody else's computers -- to these guys.
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mga kompyuter ng pagmamay-ari ng iba -- sa mga taong ito.
06:27
And they'll actually pay you money for those computers.
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At magbabayad talaga sila ng pera para sa mga kompyuter na iyon.
06:31
So how do these guys then monetize
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Paano naman kumikita ang mga taong ito
06:34
those infected computers?
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gamit ang mga nahawaang kompyuter?
06:36
Well there's multiple different ways,
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May iba't ibang paraan,
06:38
such as banking trojans, which will steal money from your online banking accounts
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gaya ng banking trojans, na magnanakaw ng pera sa inyong online account sa bangko
06:41
when you do online banking,
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kung ika'y nag-oonline banking,
06:44
or keyloggers.
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o di kaya'y keyloggers.
06:47
Keyloggers silently sit on your computer, hidden from view,
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Nag-aabang ang keyloggers sa loob ng inyong kompyuter, nakatago,
06:51
and they record everything you type.
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at itinatala nito ang lahat ng iyong tina-type.
06:54
So you're sitting on your computer and you're doing Google searches.
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Halimbawang ika'y nakaharap sa iyong kompyuter at nagsasaliksik sa Google.
06:57
Every single Google search you type
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Bawat pananaliksik mo sa Google na tina-type
06:59
is saved and sent to the criminals.
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ay naitatala at naipapadala sa mga kriminal.
07:02
Every single email you write is saved and sent to the criminals.
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Bawat email na iyong sinusulat ay nakatala at pinadadala sa mga kriminal.
07:05
Same thing with every single password and so on.
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Ganoon din sa bawat password at ilan pa.
07:09
But the thing that they're actually looking for most
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Ngunit ang talagang nais nila
07:11
are sessions where you go online
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ay ang mga pagkakataong online ka
07:13
and do online purchases in any online store.
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at bumibili sa isang tindahan online.
07:16
Because when you do purchases in online stores,
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Dahil kung ika'y bumibili sa mga online stores,
07:18
you will be typing in your name, the delivery address,
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sinusulat mo ang iyong pangalan, tirahan,
07:21
your credit card number and the credit card security codes.
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numero ng credit card at ang mga security codes ng credit card.
07:24
And here's an example of a file
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At nandito ang isang halimbawa ng file
07:26
we found from a server a couple of weeks ago.
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na nakita namin sa server dalawang linggo na ang nakalipas.
07:28
That's the credit card number,
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Iyon ang numero ng credit card,
07:30
that's the expiration date, that's the security code,
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iyon ang expiration date, iyon ang security code,
07:32
and that's the name of the owner of the card.
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at iyon ang pangalan ng may-ari ng card.
07:34
Once you gain access to other people's credit card information,
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Kapag nakuha mo na ang mga impormasyong ito mula sa ibang tao,
07:37
you can just go online and buy whatever you want
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maari ka nang bumili online ng kahit ano
07:39
with this information.
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gamit ang impormasyong ito.
07:42
And that, obviously, is a problem.
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At iyon, siyempre, ay isang problema.
07:44
We now have a whole underground marketplace
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May isang malaking lihim na kalakaran
07:48
and business ecosystem
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at negosyong nagaganap
07:51
built around online crime.
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na nakaugat sa online na krimen.
07:54
One example of how these guys
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Isang halimbawa kung paano pinagkakakitaan
07:56
actually are capable of monetizing their operations:
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ng mga taong ito ang ganitong modus operandi.
07:59
we go and have a look at the pages of INTERPOL
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Pumunta tayo at tingnan ang mga pahina ng INTERPOL
08:02
and search for wanted persons.
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at hanapin natin ang mga wanted.
08:04
We find guys like Bjorn Sundin, originally from Sweden,
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Makikita natin ang mga taong tulad ni Bjorn Sundin, na nagmula sa Sweden,
08:07
and his partner in crime,
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at ang kanyang kasabwat sa krimen,
08:09
also listed on the INTERPOL wanted pages,
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na nakalista din sa INTERPOL sa mga pahina ng mga wanted,
08:11
Mr. Shaileshkumar Jain,
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Mr. Shaileshkumar Jain,
08:13
a U.S. citizen.
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isang mamamayan ng U.S.
08:15
These guys were running an operation called I.M.U.,
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Pinapatakbo ng mga taong ito ang modus na tinatawag na I.M.U.,
08:18
a cybercrime operation through which they netted millions.
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isang modus sa cybercrime na pinagkakitaan nila ng milyon-milyon.
08:21
They are both right now on the run.
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Parehas sila ngayong nagtatago.
08:24
Nobody knows where they are.
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Walang nakakaalam kung nasaan sila.
08:26
U.S. officials, just a couple of weeks ago,
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Dalawang linggo ang nakakalipas, isinara ng mga tauhan sa U.S.,
08:28
froze a Swiss bank account
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ang isang account sa bangko sa Switzerland
08:30
belonging to Mr. Jain,
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na pagmamay-ari ni Ginoong Jain,
08:32
and that bank account had 14.9 million U.S. dollars on it.
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na may laman na 14.9 milyong U.S. dolyares.
08:36
So the amount of money online crime generates
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Kaya masasabi nating ang halaga ng pera sa online na krimen
08:39
is significant.
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ay hindi biro.
08:41
And that means that the online criminals
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Nangangahulugan na ang mga online na kriminal
08:43
can actually afford to invest into their attacks.
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ay namumuhunan sa kanilang pag-atake.
08:46
We know that online criminals
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Alam natin na ang mga online na kriminal
08:48
are hiring programmers, hiring testing people,
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ay kumukuha ng mga programmer, mga testing people,
08:51
testing their code,
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na titingin sa code,
08:53
having back-end systems with SQL databases.
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taglay ang mga sistemang back-end na ginagamitan ng SQL databases.
08:56
And they can afford to watch how we work --
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At maari nilang pag-aralan ang ating bawat galaw --
08:59
like how security people work --
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gaya nang ginagawa ng mga security personnel --
09:01
and try to work their way around
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at hahanapin nila ng kahit anong butas
09:03
any security precautions we can build.
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upang makalusot sa security precautions natin.
09:05
They also use the global nature of Internet
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At dahil sakop ng Internet ang buong mundo
09:08
to their advantage.
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ginagamit nila ito upang makalamang.
09:10
I mean, the Internet is international.
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Internasyonal ang internet.
09:12
That's why we call it the Internet.
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Kung kaya't Internet ang tawag dito.
09:14
And if you just go and take a look
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At kung ikaw titingnan mo
09:16
at what's happening in the online world,
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ang mga nangyayari online,
09:19
here's a video built by Clarified Networks,
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ito ay video na nilikha ng Clarified Networks,
09:21
which illustrates how one single malware family is able to move around the world.
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na isinasalarawan kung paano kumakalat sa buong mundo ang isang pamilya ng malware.
09:25
This operation, believed to be originally from Estonia,
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Ang ganitong modus, na pinaniniwalaang nagmula sa Estonia,
09:28
moves around from one country to another
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ay lumilipat mula sa isang bansa papunta sa iba
09:30
as soon as the website is tried to shut down.
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kapag ipinapasara na ang website.
09:32
So you just can't shut these guys down.
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Kaya hindi madaling mapahinto ang ganitong modus.
09:35
They will switch from one country to another,
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Lilipat lang sila mula sa isang bansa papunta sa iba,
09:37
from one jurisdiction to another --
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mula sa iisang saklaw ng hudikatura papunta sa iba --
09:39
moving around the world,
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palipat-lipat sa buong mundo,
09:41
using the fact that we don't have the capability
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dahil wala tayong kakayahan
09:43
to globally police operations like this.
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upang mahuli ang malawakang modus na tulad nito.
09:46
So the Internet is as if
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Kaya maiisip nating ang internet
09:48
someone would have given free plane tickets
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ay nagiging libreng tiket sa eroplano
09:50
to all the online criminals of the world.
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para sa lahat ng mga online na kriminal sa mundo.
09:53
Now, criminals who weren't capable of reaching us before
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Kung dati'y walang kakayahan ang mga kriminal, ngayon ay madali na
09:56
can reach us.
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nila tayong maaabot.
09:58
So how do you actually go around finding online criminals?
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Paano natin mahahanap ang gaya nilang kriminal online?
10:01
How do you actually track them down?
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Paano natin sila matutunton?
10:03
Let me give you an example.
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Bibigyan ko kayo ng halimbawa.
10:05
What we have here is one exploit file.
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May isang exploit file tayo dito.
10:08
Here, I'm looking at the Hex dump of an image file,
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Dito, may isang Hex dump ng isang image file,
10:12
which contains an exploit.
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na may lamang exploit.
10:14
And that basically means, if you're trying to view this image file on your Windows computer,
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Kung bubuksan ninyo itong image file sa inyong Windows computer,
10:17
it actually takes over your computer and runs code.
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kokontrolin na niya ang inyong kompyuter at papaandarin ang code.
10:20
Now, if you'll take a look at this image file --
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Ngayon, kung titingnan niyo ang image file na ito --
10:23
well there's the image header,
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yun ang image header,
10:25
and there the actual code of the attack starts.
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at doon nagsisimula ang mismong code ng pag-atake.
10:28
And that code has been encrypted,
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At ang code na iyon ay naka-encrypt,
10:30
so let's decrypt it.
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kaya i-decrypt natin.
10:32
It has been encrypted with XOR function 97.
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Ito ay naka-encrypt gamit ang XOR function 97.
10:34
You just have to believe me,
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Maniwala ka na lang,
10:36
it is, it is.
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tama yan.
10:38
And we can go here
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At pwede nating tingnan dito
10:40
and actually start decrypting it.
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na inuumpisahan na itong ma-decrypt.
10:42
Well the yellow part of the code is now decrypted.
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Ang bahagi ng code na kulay dilaw ay na-decrypt na.
10:44
And I know, it doesn't really look much different from the original.
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Alam ko, wala namang gaanong pinag-iba sa orihinal.
10:47
But just keep staring at it.
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Pero titigan niyo ito ng mabuti.
10:49
You'll actually see that down here
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Makikita mo dito sa bandang ilalim
10:51
you can see a Web address:
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na may Web address:
10:53
unionseek.com/d/ioo.exe
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unionseek.com/d/ioo.exe
10:59
And when you view this image on your computer
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At kung titingnan mo itong larawan sa iyong kompyuter
11:01
it actually is going to download and run that program.
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ay sisimulan na niya ang download at pagpapatakbo ng program.
11:03
And that's a backdoor which will take over your computer.
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At iyon ang backdoor na kokontrol sa iyong kompyuter.
11:06
But even more interestingly,
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Ang mas interesante,
11:08
if we continue decrypting,
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ay kung ipagpapatuloy natin ang pagdedecrypt,
11:10
we'll find this mysterious string,
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makikita natin itong misteryong string
11:12
which says O600KO78RUS.
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na nagsasabing O600KO78RUS.
11:17
That code is there underneath the encryption
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Ang code na ito nakapaloob sa encryption
11:19
as some sort of a signature.
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na tulad ng isang lagda.
11:21
It's not used for anything.
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Hindi itong ginagamit sa kahit ano.
11:23
And I was looking at that, trying to figure out what it means.
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Tinitigan ko ito, sinubukang alamin ang kahulugan nito.
11:26
So obviously I Googled for it.
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Kaya nag-Google ako.
11:28
I got zero hits; wasn't there.
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Wala akong nakuha; wala siya doon.
11:30
So I spoke with the guys at the lab.
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Kaya kinausap ko ang mga tauhan sa lab.
11:32
And we have a couple of Russian guys in our labs,
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At may dalawang Ruso sa aming labs,
11:34
and one of them mentioned,
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at sabi nung isa sa kanila,
11:36
well, it ends in RUS like Russia.
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na ang code ay nagtatapos sa rus tulad ng Russia.
11:38
And 78 is the city code
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at 78 ay ang code ng lungsod
11:40
for the city of St. Petersburg.
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para sa lungsod ng St. Petersburg.
11:42
For example, you can find it from some phone numbers
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Halimbawa, nakikita ito sa mga numero ng telephono
11:44
and car license plates and stuff like that.
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at sa mga plaka ng sasakyan at sa ibang bagay.
11:47
So I went looking for contacts in St. Petersburg,
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Kaya naghanap ako ng mga koneksyon sa St. Petersburg.
11:50
and through a long road,
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At sa katagalan ng paglalakbay,
11:52
we eventually found this one particular website.
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nahanap namin ang isang natatanging website.
11:56
Here's this Russian guy who's been operating online for a number of years
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Heto ang isang Ruso na naka-online sa loob ng maraming taon
11:59
who runs his own website,
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na may sariling website,
12:01
and he runs a blog under the popular Live Journal.
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at nagsusulat ng blog sa tanyag na Live Journal.
12:04
And on this blog, he blogs about his life,
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At sa blog na iyon, sinusulat niya ang tungkol sa buhay niya,
12:06
about his life in St. Petersburg --
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tungkol sa buhay niya sa St. Petersburg --
12:08
he's in his early 20s --
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siya ay higit kumulang 20 gulang --
12:10
about his cat,
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tungkol sa kanyang pusa,
12:12
about his girlfriend.
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tungkol sa kanyang kasintahan.
12:14
And he drives a very nice car.
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At minamaneho niya ang isang napakagarang sasakyan.
12:16
In fact, this guy drives
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Kung tutuusin, minamaneho ng taong ito
12:19
a Mercedes-Benz S600
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ang isang Mercedes-Benz S600
12:21
V12
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V12
12:23
with a six-liter engine
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na may makinang anim na litro ang laman
12:25
with more than 400 horsepower.
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at may mahigit 400 horsepower.
12:27
Now that's a nice car for a 20-something year-old kid in St. Petersburg.
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Iyon ay isang napakagarang kotse para sa isang 20 anyos na binatilyo sa St. Petersburg.
12:31
How do I know about this car?
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Paano ko nalaman ang tungkol sa kotse?
12:33
Because he blogged about the car.
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Dahil nagblog siya tungkol sa kanyang kotse.
12:35
He actually had a car accident.
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Nagkaroon siya ng aksidente.
12:37
In downtown St. Petersburg,
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Sa downtown St. Petersburg,
12:39
he actually crashed his car into another car.
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nabangga ang kotse niya sa isa pang kotse.
12:41
And he put blogged images about the car accident --
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Naglagay siya ng mga larawan sa blog tungkol sa aksidente --
12:43
that's his Mercedes --
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iyon ang kanyang Mercedes --
12:45
right here is the Lada Samara he crashed into.
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at ito yung Lada Samara na nakabanggaan niya.
12:49
And you can actually see that the license plate of the Samara
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At makikita mo na ang plaka ng Samara
12:52
ends in 78RUS.
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ay nagtatapos sa 78RUS.
12:54
And if you actually take a look at the scene picture,
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At kung titingnan mong mabuti ang larawan ng pangyayari,
12:57
you can see that the plate of the Mercedes
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makikita mo na ang plaka ng Mercedes
12:59
is O600KO78RUS.
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ay O600KO78RUS.
13:05
Now I'm not a lawyer,
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Ngayon hindi naman ako abogado,
13:07
but if I would be,
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ngunit kung sakali'y ako man,
13:09
this is where I would say, "I rest my case."
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ngayon ko sasabihin, "Tapos na ang kasong ito."
13:12
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
13:14
So what happens when online criminals are caught?
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Ano ang mangyayari kung mahuhuli ang mga kriminal na online?
13:17
Well in most cases it never gets this far.
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Madalas, hindi na umaabot sa ganito.
13:20
The vast majority of the online crime cases,
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Karamihan sa mga kasong kriminal online,
13:22
we don't even know which continent the attacks are coming from.
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hindi natin malalaman kung aling kontinente nagmula ang pag-atake.
13:25
And even if we are able to find online criminals,
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At kung mahahanap man sila,
13:28
quite often there is no outcome.
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madalas walang nangyayari.
13:30
The local police don't act, or if they do, there's not enough evidence,
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Hindi ito sakop ng lokal na kapulisan, at madalas walang sapat na katibayan,
13:33
or for some reason we can't take them down.
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o sadyang mahirap talaga silang mahuli.
13:35
I wish it would be easier;
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Sana may madaling paraan;
13:37
unfortunately it isn't.
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sa kasamaang-palad, wala.
13:39
But things are also changing
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Ngunit may mga bagay na sadyang
13:42
at a very rapid pace.
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mabilis ang pagbabago.
13:45
You've all heard about things like Stuxnet.
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Narinig mo na siguro ang mga bagay tulad ng Stuxnet.
13:48
So if you look at what Stuxnet did
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Mahalaga ang Stuxnet dahil
13:51
is that it infected these.
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hinawaan niya ang mga ito.
13:53
That's a Siemens S7-400 PLC,
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Iyan ay ang Siemens S7-400 PLC,
13:56
programmable logic [controller].
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programmable logic [controller].
13:58
And this is what runs our infrastructure.
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At ito ang nagpapatakbo sa ating imprastraktura.
14:01
This is what runs everything around us.
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Ito ang nagpapaandar sa lahat ng nakapaligid sa atin.
14:04
PLC's, these small boxes which have no display,
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PLC's, mga maliliit na kahon na walang display,
14:07
no keyboard,
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walang keyboard,
14:09
which are programmed, are put in place, and they do their job.
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na naka-program, nakapwesto, at nagtatrabaho.
14:11
For example, the elevators in this building
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Halimbawa, ang mga elevator sa gusaling ito
14:13
most likely are controlled by one of these.
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ay marahil pinapatakbo ng mga ito.
14:17
And when Stuxnet infects one of these,
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At kapag nahawaan ng Stuxnet ang isa sa mga ito,
14:20
that's a massive revolution
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iyon ay isang napakalaking pagsisiwalat
14:22
on the kinds of risks we have to worry about.
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sa uri ng mga panganib na dapat nating alalahanin.
14:25
Because everything around us is being run by these.
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Dahil lahat sa ating paligid ay pinapatakbo ng mga ito.
14:28
I mean, we have critical infrastructure.
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Ibig kong sabihin, nanganganib ang ating imprastraktura.
14:30
You go to any factory, any power plant,
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Pumunta ka sa kahit anong pabrika, sa planta ng kuryente,
14:33
any chemical plant, any food processing plant,
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sa planta ng kemikal, sa planta ng pinoprosesong pagkain,
14:35
you look around --
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tumingin ka sa paligid --
14:37
everything is being run by computers.
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lahat ay pinapaandar ng mga kompyuter.
14:39
Everything is being run by computers.
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Lahat ay pinapaandar ng mga kompyuter.
14:41
Everything is reliant on these computers working.
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Lahat ay umaasa sa mga kompyuter.
14:44
We have become very reliant
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Masyado tayong umaasa
14:47
on Internet,
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sa Internet,
14:49
on basic things like electricity, obviously,
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sa mga pangunahing bagay gaya ng kuryente, siyempre,
14:52
on computers working.
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sa mga kompyuter.
14:54
And this really is something
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At ang mga bagay na ito
14:56
which creates completely new problems for us.
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ay lumilikha ng mga panibagong problema para sa atin.
14:58
We must have some way
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Dapat may paraan tayo
15:00
of continuing to work
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upang mapagpatuloy ang trabaho
15:02
even if computers fail.
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kung sakaling mabigo ang mga kompyuter.
15:12
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
15:14
(Applause)
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(Palakpakan)
15:24
So preparedness means that we can do stuff
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Kaya ang kahandaan ay ang kakayahang gumawa
15:27
even when the things we take for granted
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kung sakaling ang mga bagay na binabaliwala
15:29
aren't there.
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ay biglang mawala sa atin.
15:31
It's actually very basic stuff --
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Ito'y mga simpleng bagay lang --
15:33
thinking about continuity, thinking about backups,
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pag-iisip tungkol sa daloy, sa mga backup,
15:36
thinking about the things that actually matter.
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sa mga mahahalagang bagay.
15:39
Now I told you --
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Sinabi ko kanina --
15:42
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
15:44
I love the Internet. I do.
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Mahal ko ang Internet. Totoo yun.
15:48
Think about all the services we have online.
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Isipin niyo ang lahat ng mga kapakipakinabang online.
15:51
Think about if they are taken away from you,
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Ipagpalagay na inalis itong lahat,
15:54
if one day you don't actually have them
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na isang araw wala na sila,
15:56
for some reason or another.
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sa kung anumang kadahilanan.
15:58
I see beauty in the future of the Internet,
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3000
Nakikita ko na maganda ang kinabukasan ng internet,
16:01
but I'm worried
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ngunit nag-aalala ako
16:03
that we might not see that.
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2000
na hindi natin ito masisilayan.
16:05
I'm worried that we are running into problems
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Nababahala ako dahil nagkakaroon tayo ng mga suliranin
16:07
because of online crime.
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sa online na krimen.
16:09
Online crime is the one thing
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Ang online na krimen ay isang dahilan
16:11
that might take these things away from us.
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upang mawala ang mga bagay na ito sa atin.
16:13
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
16:16
I've spent my life
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Ginugol ko ang buhay ko
16:18
defending the Net,
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na ipinagtatanggol ang net.
16:21
and I do feel that if we don't fight online crime,
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At kapag hindi nasugpo ang online na krimen,
16:24
we are running a risk of losing it all.
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4000
nanganganib na mawawala ang lahat ng ito.
16:28
We have to do this globally,
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3000
Kailangang pandadaigdigan ang lawak ng aksyon,
16:31
and we have to do it right now.
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at kailangang ngayon na.
16:34
What we need
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2000
Ang kailangan natin
16:36
is more global, international law enforcement work
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ay isang tanggapan na magpapatupad ng batas na pang-internasyonal
16:39
to find online criminal gangs --
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upang hanapin ang mga grupong kriminal online --
16:41
these organized gangs
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mga organisadong grupo
16:43
that are making millions out of their attacks.
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na kumikita ng milyon-milyon mula sa mga pag-atake.
16:45
That's much more important
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Iyon ay mas mahalaga
16:47
than running anti-viruses or running firewalls.
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higit pa sa mga anti-virus at firewall sa kompyuter.
16:49
What actually matters
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Higit pang mahalaga
16:51
is actually finding the people behind these attacks,
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ay ang pagtukoy sa mga taong nagdudulot nito.
16:53
and even more importantly,
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2000
At mas mahalaga,
16:55
we have to find the people
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ay tukuyin ang mga tao
16:57
who are about to become
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na nagbabalak na sumali
16:59
part of this online world of crime,
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sa mundo ng online na krimen,
17:01
but haven't yet done it.
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1006000
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na hindi pa nakapagsimula.
17:03
We have to find the people with the skills,
393
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3000
Hanapin natin ang mga taong may ganitong kakayahan,
17:06
but without the opportunities
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1011000
2000
na hindi nagkaroon ng pagkakataon
17:08
and give them the opportunities
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1013000
2000
at bigyan natin sila ng pagkakataon
17:10
to use their skills for good.
396
1015000
3000
na gamitin ang kanilang angking husay para sa kabutihan.
17:13
Thank you very much.
397
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Maraming salamat.
17:15
(Applause)
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13000
(Palakpakan)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mikko Hypponen - Cybersecurity expertAs computer access expands, Mikko Hypponen asks: What's the next killer virus, and will the world be able to cope with it? And also: How can we protect digital privacy in the age of government surveillance?
Why you should listen
The chief research officer at F-Secure Corporation in Finland, Mikko Hypponen has led his team through some of the largest computer virus outbreaks in history. His team took down the world-wide network used by the Sobig.F worm. He was the first to warn the world about the Sasser outbreak, and he has done classified briefings on the operation of the Stuxnet worm -- a hugely complex worm designed to sabotage Iranian nuclear enrichment facilities.
As a few hundred million more Internet users join the web from India and China and elsewhere, and as governments and corporations become more sophisticated at using viruses as weapons, Hypponen asks, what's next? Who will be at the front defending the world’s networks from malicious software? He says: "It's more than unsettling to realize there are large companies out there developing backdoors, exploits and trojans."
Even more unsettling: revelations this year that the United States' NSA is conducting widespread digital surveillance of both US citizens and anyone whose data passes through a US entity, and that it has actively sabotaged encryption algorithms. Hypponen has become one of the most outspoken critics of the agency's programs and asks us all: Why are we so willing to hand over digital privacy?
Read his open-season Q&A on Reddit:"My TED Talk was just posted. Ask me anything.
See the full documentary on the search for the Brain virus.
Mikko Hypponen | Speaker | TED.com