Neha Narula: The future of money
נהא נארולה: העתיד של הכסף
Neha Narula is helping redefine the future of money by researching cryptocurrencies and providing clarity on how digital currencies will transform our world. Full bio
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about the future of money.
about this culture
in the early 1900s, called the Yap.
שנקראה "יאפ".
is really interesting.
called Rai stones.
שנקראות אבני "ראיי".
move these Rai stones around
we do with our coins,
עם המטבעות שלנו,
to be pretty massive.
and 12 feet across.
ורוחבה 12 מטר.
of who owns part of what stone.
חלקים של אילו מהאבנים
across the ocean
and the stone actually fell in.
and -- why not? -- it still counted.
ולמה לא? היא עדיין נחשבה.
at the bottom of the ocean,
was just a small culture
in the Western world as well,
a form of these stones.
asked the United States
from dollars into gold.
to think about actually shipping
that gold was being stored
הזהב היה מאוחסן,
as belonging to France now.
that France owned the gold.
with these two examples
inherently valuable
have any value
and the transactions
that we tell each other about value.
מספרים זה לזה על ערך.
העברה בנקאית,
is deducted from my paycheck
in my retirement account.
1's and 0's on computers.
like a stone or a coin.
so that I can pay someone around the world
למישהו ברחבי העולם
underwriting every 1 or 0
שחתומים על כל 1 או 0
of those large institutions.
to fix the problem.
the US credit card companies
still don't work in Europe.
עדיין לא עובדים באירופה.
and across currencies
can set up an online business in minutes,
בתוך דקות,
to get loans and to get paid:
and our ability to freely transact
עסקאות בחופשיות
by these gatekeepers.
in the system slowing things down.
isn't really mine,
that belong to my bank,
or my investment firm.
חברת ההשקעות שלי.
have the right to say "no."
and I can't get paid.
in the way of innovation.
Facebook photos, Google Photos,
תמונות גוגל,
they're on my laptop,
they're in Dropbox.
websites and services.
don't work together.
the money supply.
don't inter-operate,
הם ללא תִּפְעוּלִיּוּת בֵּינִית.
what we can do with payment.
יכולים לעשות עם תשלום.
two phases of money.
to deal with these physical objects,
עסקאות עם אובייקטים פיזיים אלה,
the speed of humans.
המהירות של בני אדם.
much farther and is much faster,
יותר רחוק, והוא הרבה יותר מהיר,
of these gatekeeper institutions.
של מוסדות שומרי הסף הללו.
than just a static unit of value,
on institutions for security.
and institutions from the loop.
we're transacting anymore.
of this evolution.
in a world without intermediaries.
cryptocurrency,
Stellar, Dogecoin,
of the more popular ones.
that I can use to buy sashimi.
יכולה להשתמש בה כדי לקנות סשימי.
that moved around 100,000 bitcoins.
שנעה סביב 100,000 ביטקוין.
of 40 million US dollars.
a special field of mathematics
of how to secure communication,
really important things:
be hidden in plain sight,
of information's source.
so many of the systems around us.
classified it as a weapon.
breaking cryptosystems like Enigma
פריצת מערכות הצפנה כמו אניגמה
enemy transmissions
web browser is running
our interactions on the Internet.
האינטראקציות שלנו באינטרנט.
to type our passwords in
information to websites.
application of cryptography.
have to rely on the banks anymore
להסתמך על הבנקים שלנו יותר
idea that the Yap used,
בו השתמשו היאפ,
knowledge of transfers.
by transferring Bitcoin,
transfers Bitcoin to me.
כשמישהו מעביר ביטקוין אלי.
is I can give you a sheet of it
לתת לכם גיליון ממנו
on my piece as well.
the transfers that they're doing
around to everyone else's pieces of paper.
of the transfers that are happening
with the Bitcoin blockchain,
עם הבלוקצ'יין של ביטקוין,
of the transactions in Bitcoin.
of networked computers
are collectively confirming
is core to how Bitcoin works.
הליבה לאופן פעולתו של הביטקוין.
to create new Bitcoin
is that to get those Bitcoin,
ביטקוין אלה,
a random cryptographic puzzle.
over and over again.
are all actually doing.
to land on the right number.
to the rest of the network
helping to secure the Bitcoin blockchain
את הבלוקצ'יין של ביטקוין
all over the world running this software,
שמפעילים תוכנה זו,
ממש עכשיו
and try to collect some bitcoins.
ולנסות לאסוף כמה ביטקוין.
and the network is so powerful,
Bitcoin on my laptop,
for about two million years.
use this special hardware
משתמשים בחומרה מיוחדת
the puzzle really fast.
and all of this special hardware,
that the amount of energy it uses
and a little bit cumbersome.
to be so much better and so much faster.
programmable money.
or ask permission,
about my money getting stuck.
an explosion of innovation,
an open architecture.
changed the way we communicate,
בה אנו מתקשרים,
to change the way we pay,
הדרך שבה אנחנו משלמים,
does programmable money create?
rent out my healthcare data
להשכיר את נתוני הבריאות שלי
בקנה מידה גדול
in a way that we agreed.
רק באופן שעליו הסכמנו.
for what they find out.
for streaming services
my watching habits
הרגלי הצפייה שלי
that fit within my budget
שיתאים למסגרת התקציב שלי
with our attention when we view content,
the way security works in our world,
שבו פועלת האבטחה בעולמנו,
to allocate value,
and their energies
to send an email,
that is seeing the first automobile.
שרואה את המכונית הראשונה.
like the first car,
and hard to use.
like the horse and carriage,
is built on it.
combustion engine,
think you were crazy:
this large, clunky machine
that lights on fire,
of programmable money.
but it's also a little bit scary.
for illegal transactions,
עבור עסקאות בלתי חוקיות,
in the world today.
את עולם הפשע בעולם כיום.
who can see what we do?
מי יוכל לראות את מה שאנחנו עושים?
in this new world and who isn't?
that I didn't have to pay for before?
שלא היו מחויבים בתשלום קודם לכן?
to algorithms and utility functions?
ונוסחאות עלות תועלת?
a lot of ways to waste time.
increased productivity.
like I have to stay connected to work
צריכה להיות מחוברת לעבודה
to friends and family.
על קשר עם חברים ובני משפחה.
is going to eliminate some jobs.
new, flexible forms of employment.
צורות חדשות וגמישות של תעסוקה.
for large, trusted institutions
במוסדות גדולים ואמינים,
out to the edges, where it belongs.
למקום שאליו הוא שייך.
things are going to change and unfold
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Neha Narula - Currency futuristNeha Narula is helping redefine the future of money by researching cryptocurrencies and providing clarity on how digital currencies will transform our world.
Why you should listen
Neha Narula is director of research at the Digital Currency Initiative, a part of the MIT Media Lab where she teaches courses and leads cryptocurrency and blockchain research. While completing her PhD in computer science at MIT, she built fast, scalable databases and secure software systems, and she spoke about these topics at dozens of industry and research conferences.
In a previous life, Narula helped relaunch the news aggregator Digg and was a senior software engineer at Google. There, she designed Blobstore, a system for storing and serving petabytes of immutable data, and worked on Native Client, a system for running native code securely through a browser.
Neha Narula | Speaker | TED.com