TED2006
Richard Baraniuk: The birth of the open-source learning revolution
Richard Baraniuk: Rođenje revolucije učenja otvorenim pristupom
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Profesor Sveučilišta Rice, Richard Baraniuk objašnjava viziju iz Connexionsa, njegovog sustava otvorenog pristupa i obrazovnog sustava na mreži. Uklanja udžbenike, dopuštajući profesorima da slobodno dijele i modificiraju materijale za tečajeve, bilo gdje na svijetu.
Richard Baraniuk - Education visionary
Richard Baraniuk founded Connexions -- now called OpenStax -- a free, open-source, global clearinghouse of course materials. Students and educators tap into its vast store of texts on everything from engineering to ornithology to music, adapting the content as they see fit. Full bio
Richard Baraniuk founded Connexions -- now called OpenStax -- a free, open-source, global clearinghouse of course materials. Students and educators tap into its vast store of texts on everything from engineering to ornithology to music, adapting the content as they see fit. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:24
I'm Rich Baraniuk and what I'd like
to talk a little bit about today
to talk a little bit about today
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Ja sam Rich Baraniuk i želim danas s vama
kratko razgovarati
kratko razgovarati
00:27
are some ideas that I think
have just tremendous resonance
have just tremendous resonance
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o nekim idejama za koje mislim da se
fantastično uklapaju
fantastično uklapaju
00:30
with all the things that have been
talked about the last two days.
talked about the last two days.
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u sve o čemu smo govorili tijekom
zadnja dva dana.
zadnja dva dana.
Postoji toliko drugačijih
točaka poklapanja
točaka poklapanja
00:34
So many different points of resonance
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00:36
that it's going to be difficult
to bring them all up,
to bring them all up,
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da će biti teško spomenuti ih sve,
00:38
but I'll try to do my best.
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no dat ću sve od sebe.
00:40
Does anybody remember these?
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Sjeća li se itko ovih?
00:41
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:43
OK, so these are LP records
and they've been replaced, right?
and they've been replaced, right?
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OK, ovo su gramofonske ploče koje
su zamijenjene, zar ne?
su zamijenjene, zar ne?
00:49
They've been swept away
over the last two decades
over the last two decades
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Pometene su tijekom zadnja dva desetljeća
00:52
by these types of world-flattening
digitization technologies, right?
digitization technologies, right?
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raznim vrstama digitalizacijskih
tehnologija, zar ne?
tehnologija, zar ne?
00:56
And I think it was best witnessed
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Mislim da je to najbolje pokazano
00:59
when Thomas was playing the music
as we came in the room today.
as we came in the room today.
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dok je Thomas puštao glazbu kako smo
ulazili u prostoriju danas.
ulazili u prostoriju danas.
01:03
What's happened in the music world
is there's a culture,
is there's a culture,
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Što se dogodilo svijetu glazbe je kultura,
01:06
or an ecosystem that's been created
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stvoren je svojevrsni ekosustav,
01:07
that, if you take some words from Apple,
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koji, ako uzmete neke Apple-ove riječi,
01:10
the catchphrase --
that we create, rip, mix and burn.
that we create, rip, mix and burn.
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fraze -- koje stvaramo,
skidamo, miješamo i pržimo.
skidamo, miješamo i pržimo.
01:14
What I mean by that is that anyone
in the world is free and allowed
in the world is free and allowed
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Pod time mislim da je bilo kome
u svijetu dopušteno
u svijetu dopušteno
01:17
to create new music and musical ideas.
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stvarati novu glazbu i glazbene ideje.
01:20
Anyone in the world is allowed
to rip or copy musical ideas,
to rip or copy musical ideas,
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Bilo tko na svijetu može
pržiti ili kopirati glazbene ideje
pržiti ili kopirati glazbene ideje
01:23
use them in innovative ways.
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i koristiti ih na inovativan način.
01:25
Anyone is allowed to mix them
in different types of ways,
in different types of ways,
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Bilo kome na svijetu je dopušteno da
ih miješa na razne načine,
ih miješa na razne načine,
01:28
draw connections between musical ideas,
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povlači veze između glazbenih ideja,
01:30
and people can burn them or create
final products and continue the circle.
final products and continue the circle.
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i ljudi ih mogu spržiti ili stvoriti
krajnji rezultat i nastaviti krug.
krajnji rezultat i nastaviti krug.
01:34
And what that's done
is it's created, like I said,
is it's created, like I said,
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Time dobijamo, kao što sam rekao,
01:37
a vibrant community that's very inclusive,
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živu zajednicu koja je vrlo uključiva,
01:39
with people continually working
to connect musical ideas,
to connect musical ideas,
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s ljudima koji neprestano rade na spajanju
glazbenih ideja,
glazbenih ideja,
01:42
innovate them and keep things
constantly up to date.
constantly up to date.
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inoviraju ih i drže sve stvari bez
prestanka ažuriranima.
prestanka ažuriranima.
01:46
Today's hit single
is not last year's hit single.
is not last year's hit single.
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Današnji hit singl nije prošlogodišnji
hit singl.
hit singl.
01:50
But I'm not here
to talk about music today.
to talk about music today.
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No, nisam danas ovdje da pričam o glazbi.
Ovdje sam da pričam o knjigama.
01:52
I'm here to talk about books.
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01:53
In particular, textbooks
and the kind of educational materials
and the kind of educational materials
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Specifično, udžbenicima i vrsti
obrazovnih materijala
obrazovnih materijala
01:57
that we use every day in school.
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koje svakodnevno koristimo u školama.
01:59
Has anyone here ever been to school?
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Je li itko ikada bio u školi?
02:01
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:02
OK, does anybody realize
there's a crisis in our schools,
there's a crisis in our schools,
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OK, shvaća li itko da postoji kriza u
našim školama,
našim školama,
02:06
around the world?
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diljem svijeta?
02:08
I'm not going to spend
too much time on that,
too much time on that,
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Neću puno vremena potrošiti na to,
02:11
but what I want to talk about
is some of the disconnects
is some of the disconnects
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a želim pričati o pucanju veza
02:14
that appear when an author
publishes a book.
publishes a book.
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koje se dogode kada autor
objavi knjigu.
objavi knjigu.
02:17
That in fact, the publishing process --
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To, ustvari, postupak izdavanja --
02:18
just because of the fact
that it's complicated,
that it's complicated,
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iz razloga što je kompliciran,
02:21
it's heavy, books are expensive --
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težak, čini knjige skupima --
02:22
creates a sort of a wall
between authors of books
between authors of books
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stvara zid između autora knjiga
02:26
and the ultimate users of books,
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i krajnjih korisnika knjiga,
02:27
be they teachers, students
or just general readers.
or just general readers.
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bili oni profesori, studenti
ili samo obični čitatelji.
ili samo obični čitatelji.
02:31
And this is even more true
if you happen to speak a language
if you happen to speak a language
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Ovo je još i više istina ako govorite
02:35
other than one of the world's
major languages, and especially English.
major languages, and especially English.
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više od jednog važnog svjetskog jezika,
posebice engleskog.
posebice engleskog.
02:38
I'm going to call these people
below the barrier "shutouts"
below the barrier "shutouts"
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Zvat ću te ljude ispod granice
"isključenima"
"isključenima"
jer su stvarno isključeni iz procesa
02:41
because they're really
shut out of the process
shut out of the process
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mogućnosti dijeljenja njihovog znanja
s ostatkom svijeta.
s ostatkom svijeta.
02:43
of being able to share
their knowledge with the world.
their knowledge with the world.
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02:46
And so what I want to talk about today
is trying to take these ideas
is trying to take these ideas
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Ono o čemu ću danas pričati je
pokušaj uzimanja ideja
pokušaj uzimanja ideja
02:49
that we've seen in the musical culture
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koje smo vidjeli u glazbenog kulturi
02:51
and try to bring these
towards reinventing the way
towards reinventing the way
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i pokušati doći do novog načina
02:53
we think about writing books,
using them and teaching from them.
using them and teaching from them.
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na koji razmišljamo o knjigama,
kako ih koristimo i podučavamo iz njih.
kako ih koristimo i podučavamo iz njih.
02:57
So, that's what I'd like to talk about
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O tome bih želio pričati
02:59
and, really, how we get
from where we are now
from where we are now
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i kako da dođemo otkud jesmo
03:01
to where we need to go.
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do tamo gdje trebamo ići.
03:03
The first thing I'd like you to do
is a little thought experiment.
is a little thought experiment.
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Prva stvar koju želim napraviti je mali
misaoni eksperiment.
misaoni eksperiment.
Zamislite da uzmete sve svjetske knjige.
03:06
Imagine taking all the world's books.
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03:08
OK, everybody imagine books
and imagine just tearing out the pages.
and imagine just tearing out the pages.
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U redu, svi zamislite knjige i kako
trgate stranice iz njih.
trgate stranice iz njih.
03:11
So, liberating these pages
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Dakle, oslobađajući ove stranice
03:13
and imagine digitizing them
and then storing them
and then storing them
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i zamislite kako ih digitalizirate
i spremate
i spremate
03:17
in a vast, interconnected,
global repository.
global repository.
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u ogromnom, međupovezanom,
globalnom odlagalištu.
globalnom odlagalištu.
03:19
Think of it as a massive iTunes
for book-type content.
for book-type content.
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Zamislite masivni iTunes za
sadržaj iz knjiga.
sadržaj iz knjiga.
03:25
And then take that material
and imagine making it all open,
and imagine making it all open,
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Zatim uzmite taj materijal i zamislite
da je sav otvoren
da je sav otvoren
tako da ga ljudi mogu modificirati,
igrati se s njim, unaprijediti ga.
igrati se s njim, unaprijediti ga.
03:28
so that people can modify it,
play with it, improve it.
play with it, improve it.
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Zamislite da ga napravite besplatnim,
03:31
Imagine making it free,
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03:33
so that anyone in the world can have
access to all of this knowledge,
access to all of this knowledge,
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tako da bilo tko na svijetu ima pristup
ovom znanju,
ovom znanju,
03:36
and imagine using information technology
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i zamislite da koristite informacijsku
tehnologiju
tehnologiju
03:38
so that you can update this content,
improve it, play with it,
improve it, play with it,
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kako bi ažurirali ovaj sadržaj,
unaprijedili ga, igrali se njime,
unaprijedili ga, igrali se njime,
03:42
on a timescale that's more
on the order of seconds instead of years.
on the order of seconds instead of years.
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u vremenu koje je bliže sekundama
nego godinama.
nego godinama.
03:46
Instead of editions of a book
coming out every two years,
coming out every two years,
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Umjesto da izdanja knjiga dolaze
svake dvije godine,
svake dvije godine,
03:49
imagine them coming out every 25 seconds.
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zamislite za izlaze svakih 25 sekundi.
03:52
So, imagine we could do that
and imagine we could put people into this.
and imagine we could put people into this.
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Zamislite da to možemo napraviti
i da to možemo spojiti s ljudima.
i da to možemo spojiti s ljudima.
03:57
So that we could truly build
an ecosystem with not just authors,
an ecosystem with not just authors,
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Tako bi stvarno mogli napraviti ekosustav
ne samo s autorima,
ne samo s autorima,
04:00
but all the people
who could be or want to be authors
who could be or want to be authors
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već i svim ljudima koji bi mogli
ili htjeli biti autori
ili htjeli biti autori
04:04
in all the different
languages of the world,
languages of the world,
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na svim raznim jezicima na svijetu,
04:06
and I think if you could do this,
it would be called --
it would be called --
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i mislim da ako bi mogli napraviti ovo,
zvalo bi se --
zvalo bi se --
04:08
I'm just going to refer to it
as a knowledge ecosystem.
as a knowledge ecosystem.
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samo ću se referirati na to kao
na ekosustav znanja.
na ekosustav znanja.
04:11
So, really, this is the dream,
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Dakle, ovo je san,
04:13
and in a sense what you can think of it
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u smislu na koji možete zamisliti,
04:15
is we're trying
to enable anyone in the world,
to enable anyone in the world,
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pokušavamo omogućiti svima
na svijetu,
na svijetu,
04:17
I mean anyone in the world --
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i mislim svima na svijetu --
04:19
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:20
to be their own educational DJ,
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da budu vlastiti obrazovni DJ,
04:22
creating educational materials,
sharing them with the world,
sharing them with the world,
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stvaraju edukativni materijal,
dijele ga sa svijetom,
dijele ga sa svijetom,
04:25
constantly innovating on them.
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neprestano ga inovirajući.
04:27
So, this is the dream.
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Dakle, ovo je san.
04:28
In fact, this dream
is actually being realized.
is actually being realized.
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Ustvari, ovaj san je zapravo
u postupku realizacije.
u postupku realizacije.
04:31
Over the last six-and-a-half years,
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Tijekom zadnjih šest i pol godina,
04:32
we've been working really hard
at Rice University
at Rice University
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iznimno smo se trudili na
sveučilištu Rice
sveučilištu Rice
oko projekta koji se zove Connexions,
04:35
on a project called Connexions,
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04:37
and so what I'd like to do
for the rest of the talk
for the rest of the talk
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i htio bih za ostatak govora
04:39
is just tell you a little bit
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reći vam nešto
04:41
about what people are doing
with Connexions,
with Connexions,
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o tome što ljudi rade s Connexions,
04:43
which you can kind of
think of as the counterpoint
think of as the counterpoint
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što možete uzeti kao protutezu
jučerašnjem govoru Nicholasa Negropontea,
04:45
to Nicholas Negroponte's talk yesterday,
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04:47
where they're working on the hardware
of bringing education to the world.
of bringing education to the world.
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gdje rade na hardveru za donošenje
obrazovanja svijetu.
obrazovanja svijetu.
04:50
We're working on the open-source tools
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Radimo na alatima i sadržaju
04:53
and the content.
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otvorenog pristupa.
04:54
So, that's sort of
to put it in perspective here.
to put it in perspective here.
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Tako ćemo staviti stvari u perspektivu.
04:57
So, create.
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Dakle, stvarajte.
04:59
What are some of the people
that are using these kind of tools?
that are using these kind of tools?
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Tko su neki od ljudi koji koriste ovu
vrstu alata?
vrstu alata?
05:02
Well, the first thing is,
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Prva stvar je,
05:03
there's a community
of engineering professors,
of engineering professors,
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da postoji zajednica profesora
inženjerstva,
inženjerstva,
05:06
from Cambridge to Kyoto,
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od Cambridgea do Kyota,
05:08
who are developing engineering content
in electrical engineering
in electrical engineering
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koji razvijaju inženjerski sadržaj
u području elektro-inženjerstva
u području elektro-inženjerstva
05:12
to develop what you can think of
as a massive, super textbook
as a massive, super textbook
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kako bi razvili ono što možete zamisliti
kao masivni, super udžbenik
kao masivni, super udžbenik
05:16
that covers the entire area
of electrical engineering.
of electrical engineering.
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koji pokriva cijelo područje
elektro-inženjerstva.
elektro-inženjerstva.
05:19
And not only that --
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I ne samo to --
05:20
it can be customized for use in each
of their own individual institutions.
of their own individual institutions.
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može biti oblikovan za korištenje u
svakoj instituciji zasebno.
svakoj instituciji zasebno.
05:26
If people like Kitty Jones, a shut-out --
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Ako ljudi poput Kitty Jones, iskjučene --
05:29
a private music teacher and mom
from Champagne, Illinois,
from Champagne, Illinois,
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privatne učiteljice glazbe i majke
iz Champagnea, Illinois,
iz Champagnea, Illinois,
05:34
who wanted to share her fantastic
music content with the world,
music content with the world,
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koja je htjela podijeliti svoj fantastičan
glazbeni sadržaj sa svijetom,
glazbeni sadržaj sa svijetom,
05:37
on how to teach kids how to play music --
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o tome kako podučavati klince da
sviraju --
sviraju --
05:39
Her material is now used
over 600,000 times per month.
over 600,000 times per month.
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Njeni materijali su sada korišteni
preko 600.000 puta mjesečno.
preko 600.000 puta mjesečno.
05:45
Tremendous use.
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Ogromna količina korištenja.
05:46
In fact, a lot of this use coming
from United States K-12 schools,
from United States K-12 schools,
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Ustvari, mnogo ovog korištenja dolazi
od K-12 škola u SAD-u,
od K-12 škola u SAD-u,
05:50
because anyone who's involved
in a school scale back,
in a school scale back,
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jer bilo tko tko je uključen u
obrazovnu reformu,
obrazovnu reformu,
zna da je prva stvar koja se ukida
je glazbeni kurikulum.
je glazbeni kurikulum.
05:55
the first thing that's cut
is the music curriculum.
is the music curriculum.
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05:58
And so this is just indicating
the tremendous thirst
the tremendous thirst
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Ovo jasno pokazuje veliku žeđ
06:00
for this kind of open, free content.
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za ovu vrstu otvorenog,
besplatnog sadržaja.
besplatnog sadržaja.
06:02
A lot of teachers are using this stuff.
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Mnogo profesora koristi ove stvari.
06:05
What about ripping?
What about copying, reusing?
What about copying, reusing?
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Što sa skidanjem?
Što s kopiranjem, ponovnim korištenjem?
Što s kopiranjem, ponovnim korištenjem?
06:08
A team of volunteers
at the University of Texas at El Paso --
at the University of Texas at El Paso --
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Tim dobrovoljaca na Sveučilištu u Texasu
u El Pasu --
u El Pasu --
06:11
graduate students translating
this engineering super textbook ideas.
this engineering super textbook ideas.
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diplomci, prevode ove ideje za
ovaj inženjerski super udžbenik.
ovaj inženjerski super udžbenik.
06:16
And within about a week,
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U roku tjedan dana,
postao je jedan od naših najpopularnijih
materijala
materijala
06:18
having this be some
of our most popular material
of our most popular material
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06:20
in widespread use all over Latin America,
and in particular in Mexico,
and in particular in Mexico,
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u širokoj upotrebi diljem Latinske Amerike
i posebice u Meksiku,
i posebice u Meksiku,
06:24
because of the open,
extensible nature of this.
extensible nature of this.
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zbog otvorene, proširive prirode.
06:27
People, volunteers and even companies
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Ljudi, dobrovoljci, pa i poduzeća
06:30
that are translating materials
into Asian languages
into Asian languages
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koji prevode materijale na
azijske jezike
azijske jezike
06:33
like Chinese, Japanese and Thai,
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kao kineski, japanski i tajlandski,
06:35
to spread the knowledge even further.
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kako bi još više proširili znanje .
U redu, a što je s ljudima koji miješaju?
06:39
OK, what about people who are mixing?
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06:41
What does "mixing" mean?
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Što "miješanje" znači?
"Miješanje" znači stvaranje
prilagođenih tečajeva,
prilagođenih tečajeva,
06:42
"Mixing" means
building customized courses,
building customized courses,
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06:44
means building customized books.
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znači stvaranje prilagođenih knjiga.
06:48
Companies like National Instruments,
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Poduzeća kao National Instruments,
06:50
who are embedding very powerful,
interactive simulations
interactive simulations
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koja ugrađuju vrlo snažne,
interaktivne simulacije
interaktivne simulacije
06:55
into the materials,
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u materijale,
06:56
so that we can go way beyond
our regular kind of textbook
our regular kind of textbook
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kako bi mogli ići puno dalje od
običnih udžbenika
običnih udžbenika
06:59
to an experience
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do iskustva
07:00
that all the teaching materials
are things you can actually interact with
are things you can actually interact with
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da su svi materijali za učenje, stvari
s kojima možete uzajamno djelovati,
s kojima možete uzajamno djelovati,
07:04
and play around with
and actually learn as you do.
and actually learn as you do.
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igrati se njima i zapravo učiti
dok to radite.
dok to radite.
07:08
We've been working
with Teachers Without Borders,
with Teachers Without Borders,
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Radili smo s Učiteljima bez granica,
koji su vrlo zainteresirani za
miješanje naših materijala.
miješanje naših materijala.
07:10
who are very interested
in mixing our materials.
in mixing our materials.
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07:13
They're going to be using
Connexions as their platform
Connexions as their platform
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Koristit će Connexions kao
njihovu platformu
njihovu platformu
07:15
to develop and deliver teaching materials
for teaching teachers how to teach
for teaching teachers how to teach
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za razvoj i dostavu materijala za učenje,
za učenje učitelja kako podučavati
za učenje učitelja kako podučavati
07:21
in 84 countries around the world.
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u 84 države svijeta.
07:23
TWB is currently in Iraq,
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UBG su trenutno u Iraku,
07:26
training 20,000 teachers
supported by USAID.
supported by USAID.
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obučavaju 20.000 učitelja i podržani
su od strane USAID-a.
su od strane USAID-a.
07:31
And to them, this idea
of being able to remix
of being able to remix
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Njima je, ova ideja da mogu
miješati
miješati
07:34
and customize to the local context
is extraordinarily important,
is extraordinarily important,
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i oblikovati lokalni sadržaj,
nevjerojatno važna,
nevjerojatno važna,
07:39
because just providing
free content to people
free content to people
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jer samo pružanje besplatnog sadržaja
ljudima
ljudima
07:41
has actually been likened
by people in the developing world
by people in the developing world
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se zapravo sviđa ljudima
u svijetu u razvoju
u svijetu u razvoju
07:44
to a kind of cultural imperialism --
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do razine svojevrsnog kulturnog
imperijalizma --
imperijalizma --
07:47
that if you don't empower people
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da ako ne osposobite ljude
07:48
with the ability
to re-contextualize the material,
to re-contextualize the material,
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s mogućnošću da prenamjene materijal,
07:51
translate it into their own language
and take ownership of it,
and take ownership of it,
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prevedu ih na svoj jezik i preuzmu
vlasništvo nad time,
vlasništvo nad time,
07:54
it's not good.
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nije dobro.
07:56
OK, other organizations
we've been working with, UC Merced --
we've been working with, UC Merced --
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U redu, druge organizacije s kojima
smo radili, UC Merced --
smo radili, UC Merced --
08:00
people know about UC Merced.
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ljudi znaju za UC Merced.
08:02
It's a new university in California,
in the Central Valley,
in the Central Valley,
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To je novo Sveučilište u Kaliforniji,
u Central Valleyu,
u Central Valleyu,
08:06
working very closely
with community colleges.
with community colleges.
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koje vrlo blisko surađuje
s javnim fakultetima.
s javnim fakultetima.
08:08
They're actually developing
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Oni razvijaju
mnogo vlastitog znanstvenog i
inženjerskog kurikuluma
inženjerskog kurikuluma
08:10
a lot of their science
and engineering curriculum
and engineering curriculum
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08:12
to spread widely
around the world in our system.
around the world in our system.
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da bi ga proširili svijetom
u našem sustavu.
u našem sustavu.
08:17
And they're also trying to develop
all of their software tools
all of their software tools
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Također pokušavaju razviti sve svoje
programske alate tako da
programske alate tako da
su potpuno otvorenog pristupa.
08:20
completely open-source.
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08:21
We've been working with AMD,
which has a project called 50x15,
which has a project called 50x15,
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Radili smo s AMD-om, koji ima projekt
zvan 50x15,
zvan 50x15,
08:26
which is trying to bring
Internet connectivity
Internet connectivity
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koji pokušava donijeti internetsku vezu
08:29
to 50 percent of the world's
population by 2015.
population by 2015.
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do 50% svjetske populacije do 2015.
08:32
We're going to be
providing content to them
providing content to them
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Pružit ćemo im sadržaje
08:34
in a whole range of different languages.
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u širokom spektru jezika.
08:36
And we've also been working
with a number of other organizations.
with a number of other organizations.
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Također smo surađivali s velikim
brojem drugih organizacija.
brojem drugih organizacija.
08:40
In particular, a bunch of the projects
that are funded by Hewlett Foundation,
that are funded by Hewlett Foundation,
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Točnije, mnogo projekata koji su
financirani od strane Hewlettove zaklade,
financirani od strane Hewlettove zaklade,
08:44
who have taken a real leadership role
in this area of open content.
in this area of open content.
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koja je preuzela pravu rukovodstvenu
ulogu u području otvorenog sadržaja.
ulogu u području otvorenog sadržaja.
08:48
OK, burn -- I think
this is, sort of, quite interesting.
this is, sort of, quite interesting.
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U redu, prženje -- mislim da je ovo,
na neki način, poprilično zanimljivo.
na neki način, poprilično zanimljivo.
08:52
"Burn" is the idea of trying
to create the physical instantiation
to create the physical instantiation
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"Prženje" je ideja pokušaja stvaranja,
fizičko utjelovljenje
fizičko utjelovljenje
08:56
of one of these courses.
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jednog od tečaja.
08:57
And I think a lot of you received --
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Mislim da je mnogo vas dobilo --
08:59
I think all of you received one
of these music books in your gift pack.
of these music books in your gift pack.
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mislim da ste svi dobili jednu od ovih
knjiga o glazbi među darovima.
knjiga o glazbi među darovima.
09:05
A little present for you.
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Mali poklon za vas.
09:07
Just to tell you quickly about it:
this is an engineering textbook.
this is an engineering textbook.
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Reći ću vam ukratko o ovome:
ovo je udžbenik inženjerstva.
ovo je udžbenik inženjerstva.
09:10
It's about 300 pages long, hardbound.
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Dug je oko 300 stranica, tvrdi uvez.
09:15
This costs -- anybody guess?
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Ovo košta -- može li tko pogoditi?
09:19
How much would it cost in a bookstore?
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Koliko bi koštalo u knjižari?
09:21
(Audience) 65 dollars.
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(Publika) 65 dolara.
09:22
Richard Baraniuk:
OK. This costs 22 dollars to the student.
OK. This costs 22 dollars to the student.
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Richard Baraniuk:
U redu, ovo košta 22 dolara za studente.
U redu, ovo košta 22 dolara za studente.
09:27
Why does it cost 22 dollars?
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Zašto košta 22 dolara?
09:28
Because it's published on demand
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Jer je objavljeno na zahjtev
09:30
and it's developed
from this repository of open materials.
from this repository of open materials.
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i razvijeno je iz odlagališta
materijala otvorenog pristupa.
materijala otvorenog pristupa.
09:34
If this book were to be published
by a regular publisher,
by a regular publisher,
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Da je ovu knjigu izdao regularni
izdavač,
izdavač,
09:37
it would cost at least 122 dollars.
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koštala bi najmanje 122 dolara.
09:40
So what we're seeing
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Dakle ono što vidimo
09:41
is moving this burning
or publication process
or publication process
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je pokret prženja ili postupak
izdavanja
izdavanja
09:44
from the regular,
sort of single-authored book
sort of single-authored book
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iz regularne knjige jednog autora
09:47
towards community-authored materials
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prema materijalima kojima
je autor zajednica,
je autor zajednica,
09:50
that are modular, that are customized
to each individual class
to each individual class
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koji su modularni, tako da su oblikovani
za svaki zaseban razred
za svaki zaseban razred
09:54
and published on demand
very inexpensively,
very inexpensively,
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i objavljeni na zahtjev vrlo jeftino,
09:56
either pushed out through Amazon
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ili putem Amazona
09:59
or published directly
through an on-demand press, like QOOP.
through an on-demand press, like QOOP.
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ili izdani izravno putem tiskanja na
zahtjev, poput QOOP.
zahtjev, poput QOOP.
10:03
And I think that this is
an extraordinarily interesting area
an extraordinarily interesting area
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Mislim da je ovo nevjerojatno
zanimljivo područje
zanimljivo područje
10:06
because there is tremendous area
under this long tail in publishing.
under this long tail in publishing.
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jer postoji ogromno područje
pod ovim dugim repom u izdavaštvu.
pod ovim dugim repom u izdavaštvu.
10:12
We're not talking
about the Harry Potter end,
about the Harry Potter end,
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Ne govorimo o kraju gdje je
Harry Potter,
Harry Potter,
10:14
right at the left side.
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tamo na lijevoj strani.
10:16
We're talking about books
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Govorimo o knjigama
o hipergeometrijskim parcijalno
diferencijalnim jednadžbama.
diferencijalnim jednadžbama.
10:17
on hypergeometric
partial differential equations.
partial differential equations.
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10:20
Books that might sell
100 copies a year, 1,000 copies a year.
100 copies a year, 1,000 copies a year.
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Knjige koje možda prodaju 100
ili 1.000 primjeraka na godinu.
ili 1.000 primjeraka na godinu.
10:24
There is tremendous
sustaining revenue under this long tail
sustaining revenue under this long tail
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Postoji ogroman podržavajući prihod
ispod ovog dugog repa
ispod ovog dugog repa
10:29
to sustain open projects like ours,
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da podržava otvorene projekte poput našeg,
10:31
but also to sustain this new emergence
of on-demand publishers,
of on-demand publishers,
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no također da podržava ovu novu pojavu
izdavača na zahtjev,
izdavača na zahtjev,
10:36
like QOOP, who produced these two books.
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poput QOOP, koji su proizveli
ove dvije knjige.
ove dvije knjige.
10:38
And I think one of the things
that you should take away from this talk
that you should take away from this talk
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Mislim da je jedna od stvari koje bi
trebali zapamtiti iz ovog govora
trebali zapamtiti iz ovog govora
10:42
is that there's an impending
cut-out-the-middle-man disintermediation,
cut-out-the-middle-man disintermediation,
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da postoji prijetnja
od uklanjanja posrednika,
od uklanjanja posrednika,
10:46
that's going to be happening
in the publishing industry.
in the publishing industry.
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koja će se dogoditi industriji izdavanja.
10:48
And it's going to reach a crescendo
over the next few years,
over the next few years,
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Postići će vrhunac kroz sljedećih
nekoliko godina,
nekoliko godina,
10:51
and I think that it's for our benefit,
really, and for the world's benefit.
really, and for the world's benefit.
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i mislim da je to za našu korist,
ustvari, za korist svijeta.
ustvari, za korist svijeta.
U redu, tko su ti koji omogućuju sve?
10:55
OK, so what are the enablers?
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Što stvarno omogućuje da
se ovo sve dogodi?
se ovo sve dogodi?
10:57
What's really making all of this happen?
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10:59
There's tons of technology,
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Postoji mnogo tehnologije,
11:00
and the only piece of technology
that I really want to talk about is XML.
that I really want to talk about is XML.
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no jedini dio tehnologije o kojemu
želim pričati je XML.
želim pričati je XML.
11:04
How many people know about XML?
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Koliko vas zna za XML?
11:06
Oh, great.
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Oh, super.
11:07
So it's the future of the web, right?
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To je budućnost interneta, zar ne?
11:09
It's semantic representation of content.
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To je semantička reprezentacija sadržaja.
Ono o čemu u vezi XML-a možete
u ovom slučaju misliti
u ovom slučaju misliti
11:14
And what you can really
think of XML in this case
think of XML in this case
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11:16
is it's the packaging
that we're putting around these pages.
that we're putting around these pages.
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je pakiranje koje stavljamo
oko tih stranica.
oko tih stranica.
Sjećate se da smo uzeli knjigu i istrgali
stranice?
stranice?
11:19
Remember we took the book,
tore the pages out?
tore the pages out?
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11:21
Well, what the XML is going to do
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Ono što će XML učiniti je
11:23
is it's going to turn those pages
into Lego blocks.
into Lego blocks.
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da će pretvoriti te stranice u Lego kocke.
11:27
XML are the nubs on the Lego
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XML su izbočine na Lego kockama
11:29
that allow us to combine the content
together in a myriad different ways,
together in a myriad different ways,
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koje nam dopuštaju da kombiniramo
sadržaj na nebrojeno načina,
sadržaj na nebrojeno načina,
11:33
and it provides us a framework
to share content.
to share content.
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i pruža nam okvir za dijeljenje sadržaja.
11:37
So, it lets you take this ecosystem
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Dakle, dopušta vam da
uzmete ovaj ekosustav
uzmete ovaj ekosustav
11:40
in its primordial state
of all this content,
of all this content,
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u prvobitnom stanju svog sadržaja,
sve stranice koje ste istrgali iz knjiga,
11:43
all the pages you've torn out of books,
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11:45
and create highly sophisticated
learning machines:
learning machines:
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da stvorite visoko sofisticirane
strojeve za učenje:
strojeve za učenje:
11:49
books, courses, course packs.
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knjige, tečajeve, pakete.
11:51
It gives you the ability
to personalize the learning experience
to personalize the learning experience
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Daje vam mogućnost da personalizirate
iskustvo učenja
iskustvo učenja
11:55
to each individual student,
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za svakog pojedinog učenika,
11:57
so that every student
can have a book or a course
can have a book or a course
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kako bi svaki učenik imao svoju
knjigu ili tečaj
knjigu ili tečaj
12:00
that's customized to their
learning style, their context,
learning style, their context,
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koji je oblikovan po njihovom stilu
učenja, njihovom sadržaju,
učenja, njihovom sadržaju,
12:03
their language and the things
that excite them.
that excite them.
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njihovom jeziku i stvarima koje
ih uzbuđuju.
ih uzbuđuju.
12:06
It lets you reuse the same materials
in multiple different ways,
in multiple different ways,
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Dopušta vam da koristite iste materijale
na više drugačijih načina,
na više drugačijih načina,
12:09
and surprising new ways.
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iznenađujućih novih načina.
12:11
It lets you interconnect ideas,
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Dopušta vam na međusobno spajate ideje,
12:13
indicating how fields
relate to each other.
relate to each other.
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indicirajući kako područja utječu
jedno na drugo.
jedno na drugo.
12:18
And I'll just give you my personal story.
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Dat ću vam svoju osobnu priču.
12:20
We came up with this
six-and-a-half years ago
six-and-a-half years ago
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Smislili smo ovo prije 6 i pol godina
12:22
because I teach the stuff in the red box.
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jer ja podučavam ono što je
u crvenoj kućici.
u crvenoj kućici.
Moj dnevni posao, kao što je Chris rekao -
ja sam profesor elektro-inženjerstva.
ja sam profesor elektro-inženjerstva.
12:25
And my day job, as Chris said --
I'm an electrical engineering professor.
I'm an electrical engineering professor.
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12:29
I teach signal processing
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Podučavam procesiranje signala
12:31
and my challenge
was to show that this math --
was to show that this math --
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i moj izazov je da pokažem
ovu matematiku --
ovu matematiku --
12:33
Wow, about half of you
have already fallen asleep
have already fallen asleep
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Wow, pola vas je zaspalo
dok ste samo gledali u jednadžbu.
12:35
just looking at the equation.
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12:37
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
12:38
But this seemingly dry math
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No ova naoko suhoparna matematika
12:40
is actually the center
of this tremendously powerful web
of this tremendously powerful web
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je zapravo središte ogromne mreže
12:44
that links technology --
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koja povezuje tehnologiju --
12:46
that links really cool applications
like music synthesizers
like music synthesizers
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koja povezuje vrlo fora aplikacije kao
što su glazbeni sintisajzeri
što su glazbeni sintisajzeri
12:49
to tremendous economic opportunities,
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s ogromnim ekonomskim prilikama,
ali s upravljanim intelektualnim
vlasništvom.
vlasništvom.
12:53
but also governed
by intellectual property.
by intellectual property.
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12:55
And the thing that I realized
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Ono što sam shvatio je
12:56
is there was no way
that I, as an engineer,
that I, as an engineer,
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da ne postoji način da ja,
kao inženjer,
kao inženjer,
12:59
could write this book
that would get all of this across.
that would get all of this across.
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napišem ovu knjigu koja
bi sadržavala sve.
bi sadržavala sve.
Trebamo zajednicu da to napravi
13:01
We needed a community to do it
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13:03
and we needed new tools
to be able to interconnect these ideas.
to be able to interconnect these ideas.
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i trebamo nove alate da bi mogli
povezivati ove ideje.
povezivati ove ideje.
13:07
And I think that really,
in a sense, what we're trying to do
in a sense, what we're trying to do
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I stvarno mislim da je, na neki način,
to što pokušavamo
to što pokušavamo
13:10
is make Minsky's dream come to a reality,
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ostvariti Minskyev san
13:12
where you can imagine
all the books in a library
all the books in a library
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gdje možete zamisliti sve knjige
u knjižnici
u knjižnici
13:14
actually starting to talk to each other.
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kako zapravo međusobno razgovaraju.
13:16
And people who are teachers out here --
whoever taught, you know this --
whoever taught, you know this --
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Ljudi koji su profesori ovdje --
tko god je podučavao, znate ovo --
tko god je podučavao, znate ovo --
13:20
it's the interconnections between ideas
that teaching is really all about.
that teaching is really all about.
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unutarnje povezivanje ideja je oko
čega se ideja podučavanja zapravo vrti.
čega se ideja podučavanja zapravo vrti.
13:24
OK, back to math.
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U redu, natrag na matematiku.
13:26
Imagine -- this is possible:
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Zamislite -- ovo je moguće:
13:29
that every single equation that you
click on in one of your new e-texts
click on in one of your new e-texts
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da je svaka jednadžba na koju kliknete
u jednoj od vaših novih e-knjiga
u jednoj od vaših novih e-knjiga
13:33
is something that you're going to be able
to explore and experiment with.
to explore and experiment with.
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nešto što ćete moći istražiti i
eksperimentirati.
eksperimentirati.
13:37
So imagine your kid's
algebra textbook in seventh grade.
algebra textbook in seventh grade.
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Zamislite knjigu iz matematike
svog klinca u sedmom razredu.
svog klinca u sedmom razredu.
13:41
You can click on every single equation
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Možete kliknuti na svaku zasebnu jednadžbu
13:42
and bring up a little tool
to be able to experiment with it,
to be able to experiment with it,
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i uz pomoć alata eksperimentirati njome,
13:45
tinker with it, understand it.
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petljati njome, razumjeti ju.
13:47
Because we really
don't understand until we do.
don't understand until we do.
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Jer stvarno, ne razumijemo dok
ne radimo.
ne radimo.
13:50
The same type of mark-up,
like MathML, for chemistry.
like MathML, for chemistry.
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Ista vrsta slučaja poput
MathML, za kemiju.
MathML, za kemiju.
13:54
Imagine chemistry textbooks
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Zamislite udžbenike iz kemije
13:56
that actually understand the structure
of how molecules are formed.
of how molecules are formed.
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koji stvarno razumiju kako su
molekule tvorene.
molekule tvorene.
14:00
Imagine Music XML
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Zamislite Glazbu XML
14:02
that actually lets you delve
into the semantic structure of music,
into the semantic structure of music,
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koja vam daje da uđete u semantičku
strukturu glazbe,
strukturu glazbe,
14:05
play with it, understand it.
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da se igrate njome, da ju razumijete.
14:07
It's no wonder that everybody's
getting into it, right?
getting into it, right?
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Nije ni čudo da sve zanima ovo, zar ne?
14:10
Even the three wise men.
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Čak i Sveta tri kralja.
14:11
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
14:13
OK, the second big enabler,
and this is where I told a big lie.
and this is where I told a big lie.
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U redu, sljedeći veliki pružatelj,
i ovo je gdje sam rekao veliku laž.
i ovo je gdje sam rekao veliku laž.
14:18
The second big enabler
is intellectual property.
is intellectual property.
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Drugi veliki pružatelj je
intelektualno vlasništvo.
intelektualno vlasništvo.
14:21
Because, in fact, I got up here
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Jer, ustvari, došao sam ovdje
14:23
and I talked about how great
the music culture is.
the music culture is.
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i pričao o tome kako je odlična
glazbena kultura.
glazbena kultura.
14:25
We can share and rip, mix and burn,
but in fact, that's all illegal.
but in fact, that's all illegal.
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Možemo dijeliti i pržiti i miješati,
no ustvari, sve je to ilegalno.
no ustvari, sve je to ilegalno.
14:29
And we would be accused
of [piracy] for doing that,
of [piracy] for doing that,
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I mogli bismo biti optuženi za
piratstvo za to,
piratstvo za to,
14:32
because this music has been propertized.
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jer je glazba privatno vlasništvo.
14:36
It's now owned,
much of it by big industries.
much of it by big industries.
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Sada je vlasništvo, velikim dijelom,
velikih industrija.
velikih industrija.
Ključna stvar ovdje je da ne možemo
dopustiti da se ovo dogodi.
dopustiti da se ovo dogodi.
14:40
So, really, the key thing here
is we can't let this happen.
is we can't let this happen.
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14:43
We can't let this
Napster thing happen here.
Napster thing happen here.
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Ne možemo dopustiti da se dogodi
Napster ovdje.
Napster ovdje.
14:46
So, what we have to do
is get it right from the very beginning.
is get it right from the very beginning.
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Moramo uspjeti od samog početka.
14:48
And what we have to do
is find an intellectual property framework
is find an intellectual property framework
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Ono što trebamo napraviti je naći
okvir intelektualnog vlasništva
okvir intelektualnog vlasništva
14:52
that makes sharing safe
and makes it easily understandable.
and makes it easily understandable.
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koji dijeljenje čini sigurnim i
lako razumljivim.
lako razumljivim.
14:57
And the inspiration here
is taken from open-source software.
is taken from open-source software.
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Inspiracija je uzeta iz softvera
otvorenog pristupa.
otvorenog pristupa.
15:01
Things like Linux and the GPL.
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Stvari poput Linuxa i GPL-a.
15:04
The Creative Commons licenses.
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Creative Commonsa dozvola.
15:07
How many people
have heard of creative commons?
have heard of creative commons?
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Koliko vas je čulo za Creative Commons?
15:09
If you have not, you must learn about it.
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Ako niste, morate naučiti o njima.
15:11
Creativecommons.org.
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Creativecommons.org
15:13
At the bottom of every piece
of material in Connexions
of material in Connexions
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Na dnu svakog materijala
u Connexions
u Connexions
15:16
and in lots of other projects,
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i u mnogo drugih projekata,
15:18
you can find their logo.
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možete naći njihov logo.
15:19
Clicking on that logo
takes you to an absolute no-nonsense,
takes you to an absolute no-nonsense,
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Klik na taj logo vas vodi do
potpuno smislenog
potpuno smislenog
15:23
human-readable document, a deed,
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dokumenta za čitanje,
koji vam govori točno što
možete napraviti s tim sadržajem.
možete napraviti s tim sadržajem.
15:26
that tells you exactly
what you can do with this content.
what you can do with this content.
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15:29
In fact, you're free to share it,
to do all of these things:
to do all of these things:
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Ustvari, slobodni ste ga dijeliti,
raditi sve ove stvari:
raditi sve ove stvari:
15:33
to copy it, to change it,
even to make commercial use of it,
even to make commercial use of it,
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kopirati, promijeniti,
čak i koristiti komercijalno,
čak i koristiti komercijalno,
15:36
as long as you attribute the author.
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dok god djelo pripišete autoru.
15:39
Because in academic publishing
and much of educational publishing,
and much of educational publishing,
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Jer u akademskom izdavanju i u
mnogo obrazovnog izdavanja,
mnogo obrazovnog izdavanja,
15:43
it's really this idea of sharing knowledge
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ideja je širenje znanja
15:47
and making impact.
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i stvaranje utjecaja.
15:49
That's why people write,
not necessarily making bucks.
not necessarily making bucks.
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Zato ljudi pišu, ne nužno da zarade.
15:53
We're not talking
about Harry Potter, right?
about Harry Potter, right?
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Ne govorimo ovdje o Harry Potteru, zar ne?
15:55
We're at the long tail end here.
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Mi smo na dugom kraju ovdje.
15:56
Behind that is the legal code,
very carefully constructed.
very carefully constructed.
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Iza toga se nalazi legalan kod,
vrlo pažljivo sastavljen.
vrlo pažljivo sastavljen.
16:01
And Creative Commons is taking off --
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Creative Commons polijeće --
16:03
over 43 million things out there,
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preko 43 milijuna stvari postoji
16:07
licensed with a Creative Commons license.
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s dozvolom Creative Commonsa.
16:09
Not just text,
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Ne samo tekstovi,
16:12
but music, images, video.
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već glazba, slike, video.
16:15
And there's actually a tremendous uptake
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I postoji ogromno shvaćanje
16:17
of the number of people
that are actually licensing music
that are actually licensing music
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velikog broja ljudi koji zapravo
slušaju glazbu
slušaju glazbu
kako bi ju činili besplatnom za ljude
koji rade cijelu ideju promjene,
koji rade cijelu ideju promjene,
16:20
to make it free for people
who do this whole idea of re-sampling,
who do this whole idea of re-sampling,
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16:24
ripping, mixing, burning and sharing.
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prženja, miješanja i dijeljenja.
16:26
OK, I'd like to conclude
with just the last few points.
with just the last few points.
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U redu, htio bih zaključiti samo s
nekoliko zadnjih točaka.
nekoliko zadnjih točaka.
16:30
So, we've built this idea of a commons.
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Izgradili smo ideju
zajedničkog dijeljenja.
zajedničkog dijeljenja.
16:32
People are using it.
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Ljudi ju koriste.
16:34
We get over 500,000 unique visitors
per month, just to our particular site.
per month, just to our particular site.
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Imamo preko 500.000 jedinstvenih korisnika
mjesečno, samo na našoj stranici.
mjesečno, samo na našoj stranici.
16:40
MIT OpenCourseWare,
which is another large open-content site,
which is another large open-content site,
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MIT OpenCourseWare, koja je još
jedna velika stranica otvorenog sadržaja,
jedna velika stranica otvorenog sadržaja,
16:44
gets a similar number of hits.
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ima sličan broj.
16:46
But how do we protect this?
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No, kako da zaštitimo ovo?
16:48
How do we protect it into the future?
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Kako da zaštitimo ovo u budućnosti?
16:50
And the first thing
that people are probably thinking
that people are probably thinking
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Prva stvar koju ljudi vjerojatno pomisle
16:53
is quality control, right?
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je kontrola kvalitete, zar ne?
16:54
Because we're saying that anybody
can contribute things to this commons.
can contribute things to this commons.
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Jer kažemo da bilo tko može doprinijeti.
16:59
Anybody can contribute anything.
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Bilo tko može pridonijeti bilo čime.
17:02
So that could be a problem.
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To bi mogao biti problem.
17:04
It didn't take long until people
started contributing materials,
started contributing materials,
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Nije dugo trebalo da ljudi počnu
doprinositi materijalima,
doprinositi materijalima,
17:09
for example, on lingerie,
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na primjer, za žensko donje rublje,
17:11
which is actually a pretty good module.
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1976
što je ustvari poprilično dobar modul.
17:13
The only problem is it's plagiarized
from a major French feminist journal,
from a major French feminist journal,
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5576
Jedini problem je da je plagijat iz
poznatih francuskih ženskih novina,
poznatih francuskih ženskih novina,
17:18
and when you go
to the supposed course website,
to the supposed course website,
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i kada idete na stranicu tečaja,
17:21
it points to a lingerie-selling website.
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dovede vas na stranicu za
prodaju donjeg rublja.
prodaju donjeg rublja.
17:26
So this is a little bit of a problem.
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Dakle ovo je mali problem.
17:28
So we clearly need some kind
of idea of quality control
of idea of quality control
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Očito trebamo neku ideju kontrole
kvalitete
kvalitete
17:31
and this is really where the idea
of review and peer review comes in.
of review and peer review comes in.
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i ovo je gdje dolazimo do ideje pregleda
i suradničkih pregleda.
i suradničkih pregleda.
17:35
You come to TED. Why do you come to TED?
360
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Došli ste na TED.
Zašto ste došli na TED?
Zašto ste došli na TED?
17:37
Because Chris and his team have ensured
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2415
Jer su Chris i njegov tim osigurali
17:39
that things are
very, very high quality, right?
very, very high quality, right?
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da su stvari na vrlo,
vrlo visokoj razini, zar ne?
vrlo visokoj razini, zar ne?
17:43
And so we need to be able
to do the same thing.
to do the same thing.
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Moramo biti u mogućnosti
napraviti istu stvar.
napraviti istu stvar.
17:45
And we need to be able
to design structures,
to design structures,
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Moramo biti u mogućnosti dizajnirati
strukture,
strukture,
17:48
and what we're doing
is designing social software
is designing social software
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a ono što radimo je dizajn
društvenog softvera
društvenog softvera
da omogućimo svima da stvore vlastiti
postupak suradničkih pregleda,
postupak suradničkih pregleda,
17:51
to enable anyone to build
their own peer review process,
their own peer review process,
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17:54
and we call these things "lenses."
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i zovemo ove stvari "lećama".
17:56
And basically what they allow
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I u osnovi, ono što dopuštaju,
17:58
is anyone out there can develop
their own peer-review process,
their own peer-review process,
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je da bilo tko razvije svoj proces
suradničkog pregleda,
suradničkog pregleda,
18:01
so that they can focus
on the content in the repository
on the content in the repository
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kako bi se mogli fokusirati
na sadržaj u odlagalištu
na sadržaj u odlagalištu
18:05
that they think is really important.
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za koji misle da je stvarno važan.
18:07
And you can think of TED
as a potential lens.
as a potential lens.
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3277
Možete zamisliti TED kao
potencijalnu leću.
potencijalnu leću.
18:10
So I'd just like to end by saying:
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1777
Htio bih završiti tako da vam kažem:
18:12
you can really view this
as a call to action.
as a call to action.
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1068321
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možete ovo vidjeti kao poziv na akciju.
18:17
Connexions and open content
is all about sharing knowledge.
is all about sharing knowledge.
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Connexions i otvoreni sadržaj je
o dijeljenju znanja.
o dijeljenju znanja.
18:22
All of you here are tremendously imbued
with tremendous amounts of knowledge,
with tremendous amounts of knowledge,
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Svi ste ovdje iznimno prožeti iznimnom
količinom znanja,
količinom znanja,
18:27
and what I'd like to do
is invite each and every one of you
is invite each and every one of you
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i volio bih pozvati svakoga od vas
18:29
to contribute to this project
and other projects of its type,
and other projects of its type,
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da doprinosite ovom projektu i drugim
projektima ovog tipa,
projektima ovog tipa,
18:33
because I think together
we can truly change the landscape
we can truly change the landscape
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jer mislim da zajedno stvarno možemo
promijeniti pejzaž
promijeniti pejzaž
18:36
of education and educational publishing.
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obrazovanja i obrazovnog izdavanja.
18:39
So, thanks very much.
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Hvala vam lijepa.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Richard Baraniuk - Education visionaryRichard Baraniuk founded Connexions -- now called OpenStax -- a free, open-source, global clearinghouse of course materials. Students and educators tap into its vast store of texts on everything from engineering to ornithology to music, adapting the content as they see fit.
Why you should listen
Rice University professor Richard Baraniuk has a giant vision: to create a free global online education system that puts the power of creation and collaboration in the hands of teachers worldwide. He's realizing that vision with OpenStax (formerly named Connexions), a website that allows teachers to quickly "create, rip, mix and burn" coursework -- without fear of copyright violations. Think of it as Napster for education.
OpenStax's open-source system cuts out the textbook, allowing teachers to share course materials, modify existing work and disseminate it to their students -- all for free, thanks to Creative Commons licensing. Baraniuk envisions OpenStax as a repository where the most up-to-date material can be shared and reviewed (it's far more efficient than waiting for a textbook to be printed); it could become a powerful force in leveling the education playing field. Currently encompassing hundreds of online courses and used by a million people worldwide, Baraniuk's virtual educational system is revolutionizing the way people teach and learn.
Richard Baraniuk | Speaker | TED.com