Efosa Ojomo: Reducing corruption takes a specific kind of investment
Efosa Ojomo: Inovasi adalah obat untuk korupsi
Efosa Ojomo researches and writes about how innovation transforms organizations and creates inclusive prosperity for many. Full bio
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where she teaches in Nigeria.
ia mengajar di Nigeria.
arrested and charged to court.
dan dibawa ke pengadilan.
to my sister's case informed her
kasus saudari saya memberitahu dia
to process the paperwork
memproses dokumen kasus
it was part of a practical joke.
hanya sekadar lelucon.
the recent victim of a crime,
menjadi korban tindak kriminal,
who were supposed to help her,
yang seharusnya membantu dia,
suap darinya.
millions of people in my country.
jutaan orang di negara saya.
virtually every element of the society.
bagian masyarakat.
millions of dollars were common.
jutaan dolar umum terdengar.
from everyday hardworking citizens
dari warga yang bekerja keras
could never actually happen,
tidak akan pernah terjadi,
innovation and prosperity,
inovasi dan kemakmuran,
not the problem hindering our development.
yang sebenarnya menghambat pembangunnan.
and its relationship to development
dan hubungannya dengan pembangunan
many poor countries backwards.
pembangunan banyak negara miskin.
is to create good laws,
korupsi adalah membuat hukum yang baik,
and innovation to flourish.
pembangunan dan inovasi.
and development organizations
organisasi pembangunan
setiap tahun
and anti-corruption programs.
dan program-program anti-korupsi.
fail to reduce corruption,
gagal mengurangi korupsi,
because they've reduced corruption.
mereka mengurangi korupsi.
because they've developed.
karena mereka telah berkembang.
through investments in innovation.
melalui investasi untuk inovasi.
this was impossible.
at least on the surface,
yang secara sekilas
buruk untuk berbisnis?
politicians are corrupt
between innovation and corruption,
inovasi dan korupsi,
to see things differently.
dengan cara berbeda.
in sub-Saharan Africa
its telecommunications industry.
industri telekomunikasinya.
in sub-Saharan Africa had phones.
memiliki telepon di Sub-Sahara Afrika.
had more than 110 million people
lebih dari 110 juta orang
in the whole nation.
juta telepon di seluruh negara.
widespread corruption in the industry.
yang meluas dalam industri telekomunikasi.
for the state-owned phone companies
telepon milik negara
who wanted phones.
yang menginginkan telepon.
couldn't afford to pay the bribes,
sanggup membayar uang suap,
to those who were wealthy.
untuk orang kaya.
a telecommunications company
perusahaan telekomunikasi
about his idea, they just laughed at him.
mereka hanya tertawa.
mobile phones and cell service
dan layanan seluler yang terjangkau
countries in the region --
korup di wilayah itu --
we call what Mo Ibrahim built
apa yang Mo Ibrahim bangun
complicated and expensive products
produk yang rumit dan mahal
are simple and affordable,
sederhana dan terjangkau,
could access them.
masyarakat dapat mengaksesnya.
much more affordable.
telepon jauh lebih terjangkau.
some of his colleagues, actually --
kerjanya, sebenarnya --
a successful mobile phone company
mendirikan perusahaan ponsel yang sukses
of dollars of investments.
dalam investasi.
growth in the industry.
pesat dalam industri itu.
African country now has
negara Afrika memiliki
telecommunications industry.
close to one billion phone connections,
hampir satu miliar koneksi telepon,
empat juta pekerjaan
in taxes every year.
pajak setiap tahun.
can now reinvest into the economy
kembali ke dalam ekonomi
have to bribe public officials
perlu menyuap pejabat
this industry -- has reduced.
telekomunikasi-- telah berkurang.
for corruption to be fixed
korupsi untuk dihilangkan
before he invested,
sebelum ia berinvestasi
in corruption know they shouldn't.
tahu itu perbuatan salah.
who were demanding bribes from people
dari orang-orang
who were paying the bribes --
uang suap --
from gaining access
dari memperoleh akses
a lot about corrupt politicians
mengeluh soal politkus-politikus korup
economic opportunity is scarce,
berekonomi itu langka,
an attractive way to gain wealth.
untuk mendapatkan kekayaan.
civil servants like police officers,
negeri seperti polisi,
hardworking citizens.
yang tiap hari bekerja keras
are grossly underpaid
diberi upah yang sangat kecil
is a good way to make a living.
adalah jalan bagus untuk menghidupi diri.
itself out in wealthy countries as well.
negara-negara kaya.
bribe university officials --
menyuap petugas universitas --
bribe university officials
menyuap petugas univertas
into elite colleges,
perguruan tinggi yang elite,
into elite colleges is scarce,
adalah hal yang langka,
be things that are scarce in society
tidak ada benda langka di masyarakat
between corruption and scarcity.
korupsi dan kelangkaan.
way too many basic things are scarce.
terlalu banyak benda bersifat langka.
for corruption to thrive.
untuk korupsi berkembang biak.
excuse corrupt behavior.
understand it a bit better.
lebih baik memahami korupsi.
that make things affordable
membuat benda-benda terjangkau
lebih banyak orang
to reinvest in their economies.
kembali berinvestasi di ekonomi mereka
on a countrywide level,
negara-negara.
di Korea Selatan.
a desperately poor country,
yang sangat miskin,
by an authoritarian government
pemerintahan otoriter
penggelapan uang.
said South Korea was trapped in poverty,
Selatan terperangkap dalam kemiskinan,
as "an economic basket case."
sebuah "ekonomi tak berguna."
at South Korea's institutions,
Korea Selatan,
and most corrupt African countries
termiskin dan paling korup di Afrika
Samsung, Kia, Hyundai
Samsung, Kia, Hyundai
that made things much more affordable
barang-barang makin terjangkau
from an authoritarian government
dari pemerintahan otoriter
in building its institutions.
di pembangunan institusi,
was sentenced to 25 years in prison
25 tahun penjara
when the country was poor
tahun lalu, saat Korea Selatan miskin
pemerintahan otoriter.
countries today, what we found was,
terkaya saat ini, kami menemukan bahwa,
as they became prosperous --
ketika mereka menjadi makmur --
we should just ignore corruption.
kita seharusnya mengabaikan korupsi.
for most people in poor countries,
orang di negara-negara miskin,
better options to solve a problem.
lebih baik untuk mengatasi masalah.
products much more affordable
produk jauh lebih terjangkau
source of revenue
pendapatan berekelanjutan
into the economies
kembali di ekonomi mereka
institusi-institusi mereka.
in the economic development puzzle
teka-teki pembangunan ekonomi
help us reduce corruption.
kita mengurangi korupsi.
in Nigeria when I was 16.
Nigeria, saya menyerah.
has actually gotten worse.
menjadi semakin buruk.
and endemic corruption,
dan korupsi endemis,
with terrorist organizations
dengan organisasi teroris
about Nigeria today
optimis soal Nigeria
investing in innovations
berinvestasi dalam inovasi
untuk orang-orang
like Lifestores Pharmacy,
more affordable for people;
lebih terjangkau untuk pembeli;
and logistics for many small businesses;
logistik untuk banyak usaha kecil;
for software developers --
untuk pengembang perangkat lunak --
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Efosa Ojomo - Innovation researcherEfosa Ojomo researches and writes about how innovation transforms organizations and creates inclusive prosperity for many.
Why you should listen
Efosa Ojomo leads the Global Prosperity research group at the Clayton Christensen Institute for Disruptive Innovation, a think tank based in Boston and Silicon Valley. In January, 2019, Ojomo and Harvard Business School professor Clayton Christensen published The Prosperity Paradox: How Innovation Can Lift Nations Out of Poverty. In a Wall Street Journal review of The Prosperity Paradox, Rupert Darwall writes: "The authors return the entrepreneur and innovation to the center stage of economic development and prosperity."
Ojomo's work has been published and covered by the Wall Street Journal, Harvard Business Review, the Guardian, Quartz, Forbes, Fortune, The World Bank, NPR and several other media outlets. He speaks regularly on innovation and has presented his work at TED, the Aspen Ideas Festival, the World Bank, Harvard, Yale, Oxford and at several other conferences and institutions.
Ojomo graduated from Vanderbilt University with a degree in computer engineering and got his MBA from Harvard Business School.
Efosa Ojomo | Speaker | TED.com