Arik Hartmann: Our treatment of HIV has advanced. Why hasn't the stigma changed?
Arik Hartmann: HIV의 치료 기술은 발달했는데, 낙인은 왜 아직까지 남아있을까요? | Arik Hartmannat | TEDxVermilionStreet
Arik Hartmann is tackling the ignorance and misinformation surrounding HIV/AIDS. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
by showing y'all a photo,
이 강연을 시작하려고 합니다. ¶
have probably seen before.
보신 적 있을 거예요.
of the things that come to mind,
되짚어보세요.
of those things, those words.
to look at me.
when you look at me?
David Kirby입니다.
as he was dying from AIDS-related illness,
죽어가고 있었습니다.
published in "Life Magazine."
separating me from Kirby
in the way that we treat HIV and AIDS.
30년의 진보된 의학 기술입니다.
of those with the virus evolved alongside?
when it's so easily managed?
왜 우리는 HIV에 이렇게 반응할까요?
easy questions to answer.
대답하기 어려운 질문들이에요
of so many different factors and ideas.
하나로 굳어졌거든요.
강력한 이미지들,
in the '80s and '90s,
AIDS 위기 시절의 모습이에요.
had a very obvious impact
아주 분명한 영향을 미쳤어요.
was this very awful thing
were already on the fringes of society.
끔찍한 것이었어요.
to use the two almost interchangeably --
두 단어를 거의 같은 말로 쓰고 있었어요.
Republican National Convention,
공화당 전당대회에서 누군가는 농담으로,
that gay stood for: "Got AIDS yet?"
"에이즈 아직 안 걸렸나(Got Aids Yet)?"라고 했어요.
to understand the virus more
더 많이 알게 되자,
had increased its territory.
커졌다는 걸 알게 됐어요.
of Ryan White in 1985,
세간의 주목을 받은 사건이 일어났어요.
13살짜리 혈우병 환자가
from a contaminated blood treatment,
HIV에 걸렸어요.
in America's perception of HIV.
가장 많이 바꿨습니다.
to these dark corners of society,
국한된 것이 아니라
worthy of their empathy,
and that perception, it still lingers.
우리에게 계속 남아 있었어요.
for these next few questions.
거수로 답 해주셨으면 좋겠어요.
were aware that with treatment,
fend off AIDS completely,
알고 계신분 있나요?
that with treatment,
치료를 받으면
an undetectable status,
될 수 있고,
virtually uninfectious?
알고 계신 분 있나요?
of the pre- and postexposure treatments
감염 위험을 90퍼센트나 줄일 수 있는
that reduce the risk of transmission
알고 계신 분 있나요?
that we have made in fighting HIV,
놀라운 발전이에요.
to dent the perception
감염된 사람들에 대해서
of the virus and those living with it.
많은 영향을 미치진 못했지만요.
I'm downplaying the danger of this virus,
무시하려는 게 아니에요.
the harrowing past of the AIDS epidemic.
끔찍한 과거를 모르는 것도 아니에요
that there is hope for those infected
희망이 있다는 것과
it was in the '80s.
죽음을 의미하지 않는다고 말하고 싶어요.
this question myself initially:
제가 처음 스스로에게 물었던 것처럼요.
Why haven't they been vocal?
왜 아무도 말이 없었지?
or these statistics,
어떻게 믿을 수 있지?
a very easy question for me to answer.
제게는 답변하기 굉장히 쉬운 질문이에요
in the closet, so to speak.
말하자면 옷장 속에 가둬놨어요.
to us as our medical histories,
사적인 영역이에요.
in a very sensitive space.
perceive us when we're honest
타인의 시선이 두려워서
for the HIV-positive population.
나타나는 현상이에요.
is the price that we pay for transparency,
사회적 시선과 조롱을 마주해야 해요
as someone without HIV?
지나칠 수 있는데 말이죠.
physical indications you have the virus.
신체적 변화를 일으키지 않아요.
and share my story.
제 이야기를 들려드리려고 해요.
I was a sophomore in college
저는 대학교 2학년이었어요.
I was sexually active,
성욕이 왕성했죠.
to minimize the risk that sex carries.
성관계로 인한 위험을 줄이려고요.
because I wasn't always safe.
항상 안전하게 하지는 않았기 때문이에요.
before we're flat on the ground,
바닥에 넘어지는 건 한 순간이듯
and I didn't think much of it.
별 신경을 쓰지 않았어요.
by a herd of wildebeest.
짓밟히는 느낌이었어요.
like nothing I have felt before or since.
그 후로도 느끼지 못했어요.
of fever and chill.
and it was difficult to walk.
걷기가 힘들었어요.
I had some prior exposure to disease,
질병에 대해 미리 알고 있었고
I had read a bit on HIV,
HIV에 대해 읽은 적도 있었어요.
that this was seroconversion,
혈청전환이라는 걸 알았어요.
acute HIV infection.
급성 HIV 감염증이라고도 하죠.
to the HIV antigen.
항체를 만들어내는 반응이었어요.
goes through this phase of sickness,
이런 증상들을 경험하지는 않습니다.
운 좋은 사람 중 하나였습니다.
there were these physical symptoms
알려주었기 때문입니다.
the virus pretty early.
꽤 일찍 발견할 수 있게 해 주었죠.
just to hit the nail on head,
the next morning with the results,
결과를 알려주겠다고 했어요.
and speak to the doctor on staff.
의사와 이야기를 해 보라고 하더군요.
wasn't what I was expecting.
제가 예상했던 것과 달랐어요.
that this wasn't a death sentence,
이게 사형 선고가 아니라는 것을요.
to put me in contact with her brother,
연락해보라고 제안했어요.
since the early '90s.
HIV에 걸려 살아왔던 사람이었죠.
but I was deeply touched.
마음 속 깊이 감동받았어요.
제게 실망할 거라고 생각했어요.
and human warmth,
인간적인 따뜻함을 보여주셨어요.
for that first exchange.
영원히 감사할 겁니다.
I was a physical mess.
당연히 제 몸은 엉망이 됐어요.
they weren't oblivious.
의식하지 못했어요.
I'd been diagnosed with HIV,
and I didn't want them to worry.
걱정하지 않았으면 좋겠다고요.
on the couch and they were crying,
같이 울더라고요.
제가 친구들을 위로해주었어요.
to see that they cared.
마음이 따뜻했어요.
전 뭔가 변했다는 걸 알았어요.
touch anything of mine,
만지려고 하지 않았어요.
anything I had cooked.
먹으려고 하지 않았어요.
so don't think that passed me by.
그러니 제가 눈치 못 챌 리 없죠.
their aversion got gradually more obvious
그들의 혐오감은 점점 더 분명해졌어요.
from the bathroom,
치워달라고 했어요.
to wash my clothes on a hotter setting.
더 뜨거운 물에 빨아달라고 부탁했어요.
성과 관련된 체액을 통해서 감염돼요.
had shared my status with her parents.
제 상태를 부모님께 얘기했고,
medical information to strangers.
제가 모르는 남들에게 얘기했어요.
in a roomful of 300 of y'all,
300명의 여러분들께 하고 있어요.
something I was comfortable with,
이렇게 편하게 말할 수 없었어요.
with their daughter living with me.
저와 사는 것에 대해 불쾌해했죠.
in a religious household
종교적인 가정에서 자랐어요.
from such an unlikely source.
정확하지도 않은 정보 때문이었으니까요.
college-educated people,
of the LGBT community,
at the end of the semester.
그 학기가 끝나고 집을 나왔죠.
to remedy their ignorance,
that was now a part of me
놔두지 않았어요.
about my status,
투명하게 공개하기로 했어요.
being the everyday advocate.
the point of this everyday advocacy,
사람들 앞에 공개하는 것의 핵심은
don't want to be called it.
synonymous with stupid.
coming from a place of ignorance,
아무것도 모르는 사람들은
spread some education,
제가 만일 지식을 전달할 수 있다면
situations for others
down the line that humiliation.
누군가를 구할 거예요.
haven't been all positive.
긍정적인 것들이 아니었어요.
due to religious pressures,
우리는 낙인이 찍혔어요.
on anything sexual.
보수적으로 바라보았기 때문이에요.
occur between heterosexual partners,
이성 간의 관계에서 생겨요.
women, especially women of color,
여성들, 특히 유색인종의 여성들은
It never has been.
한 번도 그런 적 없었어요.
all be concerned with.
관심가져야 할 질병이에요.
and reach beyond what was around me.
주변 밖으로 넓히고 싶었어요.
of online dating apps,
그라인더 같은 어플을요.
말씀드리자면
targeted towards gay men.
게이 남성을 타겟으로 합니다.
available guys within a radius.
게이들을 보여줍니다.
들어보셨을 거예요.
to meet your future gay husband
미래의 게이 남편을 만나는 게
they could date on their phones.
what you saw or read,
보거나 읽은 것에 좋아요를 누르면
you can meet up, you can do other things.
만나거나 다른 것들을 할 수 있어요.
I obviously stated that I had HIV,
HIV를 갖고 있다고 올렸어요.
questions about my status.
제 상태에 대해 질문을 받겠다고 하자,
both positive and negative.
좋은 글도, 나쁜 글도 있었죠.
that I've mentioned before.
파악하려고요.
were passing remarks or assumptions.
추측성 댓글이거나 의견 제시였어요.
about my sex life or my sex habits.
I put myself or others at risk.
위험에 처하게 했다고 추측하더군요.
with these passing ignorant remarks.
아무것도 모르고 하는 얘기들이었어요.
it's common to hear the word "clean"
HIV 음성 반응을 보인 사람들한테
who is HIV negative.
is being unclean, or dirty,
즉 HIV를 가지고 있으면
after a day in the field,
from disclosing their status,
자신의 상태를 숨기게 하고
within their own community,
도움을 구할 수 없게 하죠.
have been a lot more numerous,
긍정적인 글들이 훨씬 많았어요.
보내온 메시지들이었죠.
about the risks of transmission,
정확히 무엇을 의미하는지
about my experiences,
who were newly diagnosed with HIV
사람들이 제게 연락할 때
혼자였다는 것이에요.
what step to take next.
모르고 있었어요.
and they felt dirty.
자신이 더럽다고 느끼고 있었어요.
to immediately calm them,
최선을 다했어요.
with AcadianaCares,
HIV 감염자를 위한
we have in our community
with people I knew personally
연결시켜 주었어요.
have this safe space to feel human again,
안전한 공간을 가질 뿐만 아니라
the resources they needed
the most humbling aspect
저를 있는 그대로 드러내는 데 있어
on those who were suffering like I did,
긍정적인 영향을 주고
who were in the dark,
돕는 것이요.
and it wasn't a good place to be.
전혀 좋은 곳이 아니었어요.
all different backgrounds,
다른 배경을 갖고 있어요.
weren't as informed as I had been,
많은 걸 알고 있지 않았어요.
from a place of fear.
제가 개인적으로 알았거나
익명의 사람들이었죠.
who were too afraid to show their faces
얼굴을 드러내기가 너무 무서워
프로필에 아무것도 올리지 않았어요.
몇몇 생각을 남기고 싶어요.
or gamble I took
this real and this tangible impact.
줄 수 있다고 생각했거든요.
that we encounter for the good,
좋은 가치를 만나고
and push it even further.
닿을 수 있다는 것을 보여줬어요.
is dealing with HIV,
HIV와 싸우고 있다면,
you have in your community,
어떤 자료가 있는지 보고 싶다면,
more on the disease,
스스로 더 공부하고 싶다면,
that you can access
to find me after this talk
저를 찾아오셔도 좋습니다.
"to see the forest through the trees,"
"나무만 보지 말고 숲을 보라"
see the human through the disease.
병만 보지 말고 사람을 보길 부탁합니다.
to see numbers and statistics
all the faces behind those numbers.
보는 것은 훨씬 어렵습니다.
thinking those things, those words,
looking at David Kirby,
단어들을 생각하고 있다면,
생각해주었으면 합니다.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Arik Hartmann - NaturalistArik Hartmann is tackling the ignorance and misinformation surrounding HIV/AIDS.
Why you should listen
Arik Hartmann was diagnosed with HIV in 2014 at his college campus clinic after a bout of flu-like illness. After disclosing his HIV status to roommates, he was faced with increasing ostracization and ultimately was asked to leave the home he had been renting. From that moment he decided to always be open about his HIV status and to use it open a dialogue and educate others. He began tackling the ignorance and misinformation surrounding HIV/AIDS within his local community in Louisiana, and more surprisingly in the gay community. Using dating apps like Grindr and Tinder as a medium for HIV advocacy, he began to educate strangers about HIV/AIDS and to help those newly diagnosed acquire treatment and care. Hartmann believes that by being transparent with our illnesses and health we can all engage and educate those around us -- and hopefully dispel damaging stigmas.
Though his advocacy is HIV oriented, Hartmann is a passionate naturalist and can be found catching snakes and frogs in his free time. He has worked with the United States Geological Survey assisting in coastal ecology and herpetological research. He received his undergraduate degree in Resource Biology and Biodiversity from the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. He currently lives in Gainesville, Florida and plans to pursue a master's degree in wildlife ecology.
Arik Hartmann | Speaker | TED.com