Scott Rickard: The beautiful math behind the world's ugliest music
Scott Rickard: The beautiful math behind the ugliest music
Scott Rickard is passionate about mathematics, music -- and educating the next generation of scientists and mathematicians. Full bio
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a motif, a musical idea,
motywu, sekwencji muzycznej,
the expectation for repetition,
wyczekiwać tej powtarzalności,
or we break the repetition.
lub złamać schemat.
to podstawa piękna,
are key to beauty,
of patterns sound like,
that had no repetition whatsoever in it?
powracających motywów?
problem matematyczny.
mathematical question.
that has no repetition whatsoever?
to akurat jest proste.
out, is extremely difficult,
jest natomiast niezwykle trudna,
that we can actually do it
who was hunting for submarines.
to develop the world's perfect sonar ping
stworzyć idealną wiązkę sonaru,
pattern-free music.
całkowicie nieregularnej muzyki.
of the talk is today.
out some sound in the water,
back, it goes down, echoes back.
rozchodzi się i wraca.
tells you how far away it is:
mówi nam, jak daleko coś jest:
is moving toward you;
w naszym kierunku,
it's moving away from you.
to się od nas oddala.
a perfect sonar ping?
by the name of John Costas
expensive sonar system.
sonarami dla marynarki.
they were using was inappropriate.
niewłaściwej wiązki.
like the following here.
and this is time.
they were using, a down chirp.
like shifts of itself.
jak przesunięcia samej siebie.
two notes is the same as the second two,
jest taka sama, jak między kolejnymi dwoma
kind of sonar ping,
of dots, but they're not.
na losowe, ale nie jest.
the relationship between each pair of dots
między każdą parą kropek
and every other pair of notes
about these patterns is unusual.
of these patterns.
na krótko przed śmiercią.
shortly before his death.
working for the Navy.
up with them to size 12 --
and thought maybe they don't exist
i myślał, że może nie ma
to the mathematician in the middle,
at the time, Solomon Golomb.
Solomona Golomba.
mathematicians of our time.
matematykiem dyskretnym naszych czasów.
the right reference
co mówią źródła na temat tych modeli,
about a repetition,
thinking about the problem.
nad tym problemem.
of this gentleman here,
famous mathematician.
a whole branch of mathematics
nowej dziedziny matematyki,
called Galois field theory.
nazwano Teorią Galois.
because of the way that he died.
for the honor of a young woman.
cnoty młodej kobiety.
and he accepted.
wyzwanie przyjął.
of his mathematical ideas,
saying "Please, please" --
get published eventually."
i umarł w wieku 20 lat.
was shot and died at age 20.
your cell phones, the internet,
telefonów komórkowych,
się komunikować, DVD,
of Évariste Galois,
umysłu Evariste'a Galois,
the legacy that you leave ...
even anticipated
would be used.
was eventually published.
zostały opublikowane.
exactly the mathematics needed
że właśnie tej wiedzy potrzebuje,
a pattern-free structure.
nieregularną strukturę.
these patterns using prime number theory."
te modele przy użyciu liczb pierwszych".
the sonar problem for the Navy.
sonarów dla marynarki.
is sufficient to solve this problem.
podstawówki, by rozwiązać ten problem.
multiplying by the number three:
mnożenie przez 3:
than 89 which happens to be prime,
niż 89, która jest liczbą pierwszą,
żeby uzyskać mniejszą liczbę.
until I get back below.
the entire grid, 88 by 88.
całą tablicę 88 na 88.
the world premiere
pattern-free piano sonata.
nieregularnej sonaty fortepianowej.
beautiful pieces ever written,
and the famous "da na na na!" motif.
i słynny motyw "da na na na!".
of times in the symphony --
w symfonii setki razy,
in the first movement alone
movements as well.
is so important for beauty.
dla uzyskania piękna bardzo ważna.
as being just random notes here,
jako losowe nuty tutaj,
in some kind of pattern,
would be these pattern-free structures.
to sam koniec muzyki.
those stars on the grid,
te punkty na wykresie,
of Arnold Schoenberg --
'40s and '50s.
from tonal structure.
of the dissonance."
called "tone rows."
before Costas solved the problem
przed odkryciem Costasa,
create these structures.
premiere of the perfect ping.
premierę idealnej wiązki.
a Golomb ruler for the rhythm,
time of each pair of notes
zagrania każdej pary nut
it would be impossible to create.
niemożliwe obliczeniowo.
that was developed 200 years ago,
recently and an engineer,
matematykowi i inżynierowi
this, or construct this,
the world's ugliest piece of music.
that only a mathematician could write.
napisać tylko matematyk.
piece of music, I implore you:
that you won't find it.
że nie znaleźliście.
Michael Linville,
at the New World Symphony,
New World Symphony,
of the perfect ping.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Scott Rickard - MathematicianScott Rickard is passionate about mathematics, music -- and educating the next generation of scientists and mathematicians.
Why you should listen
Scott Rickard is a professor at University College Dublin. His interest in both music and math led him to try and solve an interesting math problem: a musical score with no pattern. He has degrees in Mathematics, Computer Science, and Electrical Engineering from MIT, and MA and PhD degrees in Applied and Computational Mathematics from Princeton.
At University College Dublin, he founded the Complex & Adaptive Systems Laboratory, where biologists, geologists, mathematicians, computer scientists, social scientists and economists work on problems that matter to people. He is also the founder of ScienceWithMe!, an online community dedicated to engaging youth through science and math.
Scott Rickard | Speaker | TED.com