Pratik Shah: How AI is making it easier to diagnose disease
Pratik Shah: Como a inteligência artificial está facilitando o diagnóstico de doenças
Dr. Pratik Shah creates novel intersections between engineering, medical imaging, machine learning and medicine. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
are performing incredible tasks
estão realizando tarefas incríveis
using human-like intelligence.
usando inteligência semelhante à humana.
is often referred to as AI
é muitas vezes apresentada como IA
on our lives in the future.
incrível em nossa vida no futuro.
we still face massive challenges
ainda enfrentamos enormes desafios
several life-threatening illnesses,
de várias doenças potencialmente fatais,
due to liver and oral cancer.
de fígado e de boca.
de ajudar esses pacientes
and diagnoses of these diseases.
e o diagnóstico dessas doenças.
and can artificial intelligence help?
e a inteligência artificial pode ajudar?
are suspected of these diseases,
são suspeitos de terem essas doenças,
a realização de exames de imagem caros,
medical imaging technologies
CTs, MRIs, to be performed.
tomografias, imagens de ressonâncias.
those images and talks to the patient.
o diagnóstico delas e fala com o paciente.
a very resource-intensive process,
de recursos muito dispendioso,
expensive medical imaging technologies,
e exames de imagem caros,
for the developing world.
para os países em desenvolvimento
industrialized nations, as well.
países industrializados.
using artificial intelligence?
usando inteligência artificial?
artificial intelligence architectures
tradicionais de inteligência artificial
eu solicitaria primeiro 10 mil,
of these very expensive medical images
médicas muito caras.
to an expert physician,
a um médico especialista,
those images for me.
essas imagens para mim.
or a deep learning network
ou de aprendizagem profunda padrão
intelligence approaches
artificial sofrem do mesmo problema.
and expert medical imaging technologies.
médicos especialistas
de imagem médica,
arquiteturas de inteligência artificial
intelligence architectures
problems facing us today?
muito importantes que enfrentamos hoje?
what my group at MIT Media Lab does.
do MIT Media Lab faz.
of unorthodox AI architectures
de arquiteturas de IA pouco convencionais
challenges facing us today
mais importantes que enfrentamos hoje
com vocês, tínhamos dois objetivos.
with you today, we had two goals.
the number of images
artificial intelligence algorithms.
os algoritmos de inteligência artificial.
of expensive medical imaging technologies
de imagem médica para examinar pacientes.
de começarmos com dezenas e milhares
with tens and thousands
like traditional AI,
como a IA tradicional,
figured out a very clever way
descobrimos uma maneira muito inteligente
of information packets.
de informação.
included colors, pixels, geometry
cores, pixels, geometria
on the medical image.
into billions of training data points,
em bilhões de pontos de dados de formação,
needed for training.
de dados necessários para a formação.
imaging technologies to screen patients,
de imagem médica para examinar pacientes,
white light photograph,
padrão, de luz branca,
or a mobile phone, for the patient.
ou de um telefone celular para o paciente.
billions of information packets?
de pacotes de informação?
médica a essa imagem,
the medical image onto this image,
that we call a composite image.
de imagem composta.
we only required 50 --
precisamos apenas de 50,
our algorithms to high efficiencies.
nossos algoritmos para altos rendimentos.
very expensive medical images,
imagens médicas muito caras,
de um modo pouco convencional,
in an unorthodox way,
but standard photographs,
de alta resolução, porém, padrão,
and mobile phones,
e telefones celulares,
in the future and even right now,
no futuro e até neste momento,
photographs from the patient,
de luz branca, do paciente,
medical imaging technologies.
de imagens médicas caras.
to enter an era
para entrar em uma era
impact on our future.
em nosso futuro.
about traditional AI,
intelligence architectures,
de inteligência artificial,
quantidades de dados
problems facing us today,
especialmente na assistência médica.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Pratik Shah - Medical technologistDr. Pratik Shah creates novel intersections between engineering, medical imaging, machine learning and medicine.
Why you should listen
Dr. Shah's research program at the MIT Media Lab develops scalable and low-cost diagnostics and therapeutics. His ongoing research areas at MIT include: 1) artificial intelligence and machine learning methods for detection of cancer biomarkers using standard photographs vs. expensive medical images; 2) unorthodox artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to design optimal and faster clinical trials and to reduce adverse effects on patients; and 3) low-cost and open source imaging devices, paper diagnostics, algorithms and mobile phones to improve public health and generate real-world data.
Clinical studies with Pratik's medical technologies have revealed "missing sick" patients, who otherwise remain undiagnosed in conventional healthcare settings. Dr. Shah's graduate and postdoctoral research contributed to the discovery of a vaccine component to prevent pneumococcal (Streptococcus pneumoniae) diseases; the identification of new pathways, technologies and metabolites as antimicrobials to target gastrointestinal infections; and a nonprofit to deploy a low-cost water quality test for the developing world.
Past recognition for Dr. Shah includes the American Society for Microbiology's Raymond W. Sarber national award, the Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospitals ECOR Fund for Medical Discovery postdoctoral fellowship, the AAAS-Lemelson Invention Ambassador Award and a TED Fellowship. Pratik has been an invited discussion leader at Gordon Research Seminars; a speaker at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, Gordon Research Conferences and IEEE bioengineering conferences; and a peer reviewer for leading scientific publications and funding agencies. Pratik has a BS, MS, and a PhD in Microbiology and completed fellowship training at The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School.
Pratik Shah | Speaker | TED.com