Adam de la Zerda: We can start winning the war against cancer
Adam de la Zerda: Podemos começar a ganhar a guerra contra o câncer
Adam de la Zerda develops new medical imaging technologies to detect and destroy cancer. Full bio
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guerra contra o câncer,
and the National Cancer Institute declared
declararam há alguns anos, em 2003.
but I don't buy that.
mas eu não caio nessa.
essa guerra ainda,
anyone here will question that.
vá questionar isso.
essa guerra contra o câncer
this war against cancer
sobre um grande amigo meu, o Ehud.
a story about a good friend of mine.
com câncer cerebral.
Ehud was diagnosed with brain cancer.
mais mortais de câncer cerebral.
of the most deadly forms of brain cancer.
que eles só teriam 12 meses,
that they only have 12 months,
que encontrar um tratamento, uma cura.
they have to find a treatment.
find a cure, he will die.
of different treatments to choose from,
if a treatment is even working or not,
se um tratamento está funcionando,
about three months or so.
into his first treatment,
pelo seu primeiro tratamento,
alguns dias após o seu início,
just a few days into that treatment,
"Adam, I think this is working.
"Adam, acho que está dando certo.
Something is happening."
Como sabe disso, Ehud?"
How do you know that, Ehud?"
tão terrível por dentro.
I feel so terrible inside.
lá em cima. Tem que estar".
recebemos a notícia: não funcionou.
we got the news, it didn't work.
into his second treatment.
Algo tem que estar funcionando".
gotta be working there."
novamente, temos más notícias.
again we get bad news.
e, depois, no quarto tratamento.
and then his fourth treatment.
está passando por uma enorme luta assim,
is going through such a huge struggle,
are going through your head.
this is the best that we can offer?
o melhor que podemos oferecer?"
more and more into this.
the best that doctors could offer Ehud.
que os médicos podiam oferecer a Ehud.
patients with brain cancer generally.
a pacientes com câncer cerebral em geral.
all across the board with cancer.
de maneira geral com o câncer.
have seen those statistics before.
de vocês já as viram antes.
how many patients actually died of cancer,
realmente morreram de câncer:
that many things that have changed.
for example, on the rise.
por exemplo, aumentar.
o câncer de estômago
for example, stomach cancer
assassinos de todos os cânceres,
of the biggest killers of all cancers,
Alguém sabe, por acaso?
Anyone knows, by the way?
atingida pelo câncer de estômago?
struck by stomach cancer?
medical technology breakthrough
da tecnologia médica
a humanidade do câncer de estômago?
that saved humanity from stomach cancer?
ou um melhor diagnóstico?
or a better diagnostic?
comendo carne estragada.
no longer eating spoiled meats.
that happened to us so far
que nos aconteceu até agora,
foi a invenção da geladeira.
the refrigerator was invented.
in cancer research.
na pesquisa sobre o câncer.
de boa pesquisa sobre o câncer
of good cancer research
que nos ensinou sobre a doença.
that taught us about cancer.
para fazer ainda a nossa frente.
to still do ahead of us.
reason why this is the case,
que o principal motivo para isso,
é que estamos lutando às cegas.
e o meu trabalho entram em cena.
medical imaging comes in.
das melhores imagens médicas
of the best medical imaging
to brain cancer patients,
com câncer cerebral,
to all cancer patients,
os pacientes com câncer,
where the bones are,
where tumors are.
outside of the body,
fora do corpo: "Ei, estou aqui!"
nestes pacientes aos bilhões,
into these patients by the billions,
famintas pelo açúcar.
that are hungry for sugar.
por exemplo, se acende ali.
for example, lights up there.
needs a lot of sugar.
lights up there.
is the thing that's clearing
que elimina o açúcar do organismo.
e estes são os tumores.
a wonderful technology.
observar o corpo de alguém
to look into someone's body
each and every one of the cells
e colocá-las sob o microscópio,
nos permitindo observar um corpo
allowing us to look into someone's body
has the cancer metastasized?
estão mostrando claramente
are showing you very clearly
where is the tumor.
small little hot spots there.
se encontram em qualquer destes tumores?
are in any one of these tumors?
de células cancerosas,
that this number sunk in.
que este número é real.
of these small little blips
que veem na imagem
100 milhões de células cancerosas
at least 100 million cancer cells
like a very large number,
muito alto, é porque é.
an incredibly large number,
e fazermos algo significativo a respeito,
in order to pick up something early enough
to do something meaningful about it,
com mil células em tamanho,
that are a thousand cells in size,
algumas células em tamanho.
a handful of cells in size.
pretty far away from this.
a little experiment here.
que participem e imaginem
to now play and imagine
que o tumor seja removido.
that the tumor is out.
have already been removed,
about the size of a golf ball or so
de uma bola de golfe ou algo assim
of this person's brain.
e, infelizmente, tudo parece o mesmo,
everything looks the same,
e o saudável parecem o mesmo.
and healthy brain tissue
um pouco com o polegar,
a little bit on the brain,
um pouco mais rígidos,
a little harder, stiffer,
"Parece que o tumor está bem ali".
a little bit like this and say,
e começam a extrair o tumor,
and start cutting the tumor
"Tudo bem, terminei. Extraí tudo".
to a stage where you think,
I took out everything."
like, pretty crazy --
a decisão mais desafiadora de suas vidas,
challenging decision of your life here.
e deixar este paciente partir,
and let this patient go,
some leftover cancer cells behind
células cancerosas possam ter ficado,
ou algo assim em torno do tumor,
around the tumor
have to take every single day
têm que fazer todos os dias
to a few friends of mine in the lab,
dos meus amigos no laboratório:
there's got to be a better way."
que deve haver uma maneira melhor.
that there's got to be a better way.
que mencionei, do açúcar e tudo mais...
the sugar and so on.
instead of using sugar molecules,
em vez de moléculas de açúcar,
little particles made of gold,
interesting chemistry around them.
interessante em torno delas,
to look for cancer cells.
these gold particles
nesses pacientes aos bilhões novamente,
todo o corpo, como agentes secretos,
e batam à porta daquela célula:
every single cell in our body
cancerosa ou é saudável?
or are you a healthy cell?
vamos nos grudar e brilhar
we're sticking in and shining out
'Olhem pra mim, estou aqui'".
"Hey, look at me, I'm here."
que desenvolvemos no laboratório.
through some interesting cameras
possamos orientar neurocirurgiões
maybe we can guide brain cancer surgeons
deixando o cérebro saudável.
and leaving the healthy brain alone.
and boy, this works well.
um pequeno tumor,
into this mouse's brain
no cérebro deste rato.
growing in this mouse's brain,
and asked the doctor
como se fosse um paciente,
as if that was a patient,
out of the tumor.
to see where the gold particles are.
onde estão as partículas de ouro.
injetando as partículas de ouro no rato,
into this mouse,
aquela imagem ao fundo,
right here at the very left there
where the gold particles are.
das partículas de ouro.
chegaram ao tumor,
is that these gold particles
"Chegamos! Aqui está o tumor".
"Hey, we're here. Here's the tumor."
não o mostramos ao cirurgião ainda.
to the doctor yet.
a extrair o tumor,
now please start cutting away the tumor,
o primeiro quadrante do tumor;
just took the first quadrant of the tumor
is now missing.
para o segundo e terceiro quadrantes,
the second quadrant, the third,
e nos disse: "Tudo bem, terminei.
the doctor came back to us and said,
What do you want me to do?
que extraia margens extras ao redor?"
some extra margins around?"
Você se esqueceu desses dois pontos.
"You've missed those two spots,
margens enormes ao redor,
and then let's take a look."
and lo and behold,
desapareceu completamente
that the cancer is completely gone
huge amounts of healthy brain
quantidades de cérebro saudável
as they take away a tumor,
adivinhar com o polegar.
have to guess with their thumb.
extrair os minúsculos tumores restantes,
to take those tiny little leftover tumors.
even if it's just a handful of cells,
de câncer cerebral acabam falhando
ultimately fail
margens extras que restaram positivas,
extra margins that were left positive,
that were left there.
que foram deixados lá.
is where I think we're heading from here.
aonde acho que estamos indo daqui.
what should we be working on now?
no que deveríamos estar trabalhando agora.
está caminhando para a habilidade
medical imaging is heading to
of these cells separately.
células separadamente.
way, way earlier in the process,
precocemente no processo,
as 100 milhões de células,
so we can actually do something about it.
of the cells might also allow us
fazer perguntas perspicazes.
we are now getting to a point
chegando a um ponto
these cancer cells real questions,
reais a essas células cancerosas
to the treatment we are giving you or not?
está funcionando ou não?
o tratamento imediatamente,
to stop the treatment right away,
quimioterápicas desagradáveis,
nasty, nasty chemotherapy drugs,
efeitos colaterais horríveis das drogas,
side effects of the drugs
in fact not even helping them.
from winning the war against cancer,
de "vencer a guerra contra o câncer",
with better medical imaging techniques
com melhores técnicas de imagem médica
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Adam de la Zerda - Biologist, electrical engineerAdam de la Zerda develops new medical imaging technologies to detect and destroy cancer.
Why you should listen
Adam de la Zerda is an assistant professor at the Departments of Structural Biology and Electrical Engineering (courtesy) at Stanford University – School of Medicine. He completed his undergraduate degree in computer engineering and physics from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in 2005 Summa Cum Laude. He received his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University in 2011, where he developed the Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging technique with Sanjiv Sam Gambhir. He was then a postdoctoral fellow at the lab of Carolyn Bertozzi at UC Berkeley – Chemistry Department, before joining the Stanford faculty in 2012.
de la Zerda's research interests span the broad field of molecular imaging. His lab focuses on developing new optical imaging instrumentation and chemistry tools to study the complex spatiotemporal behavior of biomolecules in living subjects. The lab uses animal models for cancer and ophthalmic diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. His research efforts span both basic science and clinically translatable work.
de la Zerda has received many awards and honors for his work, including the Pew-Stewart Scholar for Cancer Research, the AFOSR Young Investigator Award, Baxter Faculty Scholar Award, Dale F. Frey Award, Forbes Magazine 30 Under 30 in Science and Healthcare for 2012 and 2014, NIH Director’s Early Independence Award, Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship, Era of Hope Distinguished Predoctoral Poster Award, Best Poster Presentation at SPIE Photonics West, the Young Investigator Award at the World Molecular Imaging Congress, the Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program Award for Predoctoral researchers, the Bio-X Graduate Student Fellowship and first place at the Bay Area Entrepreneurship Contest. He has published papers in leading journals including Nature Medicine, Nature Nanotechnology and PNAS. He holds a number of patents and is the founder of a medical device company, Click Diagnostics.
Adam de la Zerda | Speaker | TED.com