TEDGlobal 2011
Nadia Al-Sakkaf: See Yemen through my eyes
Nadia Al Sakaf: Poglejte Jemen skozi moje oči
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Medtem ko se politična kriza v Jemnu nadaljuje, se Nadia Al Sakaf, urednica časopisa Yemen Times, pogovarja z gostiteljico Pat Mitchell na TEDGlobal. Njen neodvisni časopis v angleškem jeziku je ključen za širitev vesti - in za širjenje nove vizije Jemna ter njegovih žensk kot enakopravnih partnerk pri delu in spremembah.
Nadia Al-Sakkaf - Journalist
Nadia Al-Sakkaf is the editor-in-chief of the Yemen Times, the most widely read English-language newspaper in Yemen. Full bio
Nadia Al-Sakkaf is the editor-in-chief of the Yemen Times, the most widely read English-language newspaper in Yemen. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Pat Mitchell: You have brought us images from the Yemen Times.
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Prinesli ste nam fotografije iz Yemen Timesa.
00:19
And take us through those,
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Popeljite nas skoznje
00:21
and introduce us to another Yemen.
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in nam predstavite tisti drugi Jemen.
00:25
Nadia Al-Sakkaf: Well, I'm glad to be here.
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Vesela sem, da sem z vami.
00:27
And I would like to share with you all
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In rada bi delila z vami
00:29
some of the pictures that are happening today in Yemen.
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nekaj podob današnjega dogajanja v Jemnu.
00:32
This picture shows a revolution
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Tale fotografija prikazuje revolucijo,
00:34
started by women,
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ki so jo začele ženske.
00:36
and it shows women and men
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Kaže ženske in moške
00:39
leading a mixed protest.
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med mešanim protestom.
00:41
The other picture
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Naslednja fotografija
00:43
is the popularity of the real need for change.
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odraža popularnost dejanske potrebe po spremembah.
00:47
So many people are there.
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Tako veliko ljudi je tam.
00:49
The intensity of the upspring.
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Gre za intenzivnost upora.
00:53
This picture shows that the revolution
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Tale fotografija kaže, kako je revolucija
00:55
has allowed opportunities for training,
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odprla priložnosti za usposabljanje,
00:57
for education.
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za izobraževanje.
00:59
These women are learning about first aid
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Te ženske se učijo o prvi pomoči
01:01
and their rights according to the constitution.
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in o svojih ustavnih pravicah.
01:04
I love this picture.
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Ta fotografija mi je zelo všeč.
01:06
I just wanted to show
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Hotela sem pač pokazati,
01:08
that over 60 percent of the Yemeni population
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da je več kot 60 odstotkov prebivalstva Jemna
01:10
are 15 years and below.
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starega 15 let ali manj.
01:12
And they were excluded from decision-making,
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In izključeni so bili iz procesov odločanja,
01:14
and now they are in the forefront of the news,
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zdaj pa so na prvih straneh vesti,
01:17
raising the flag.
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z zastavami v rokah.
01:19
English --
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Angleške...
01:21
you will see, this is jeans
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vidite, to so kavbojke
01:23
and tights,
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in oprijeta mikica
01:25
and an English expression --
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in angleški napis...
01:28
the ability to share with the world
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možnost deliti s svetom,
01:31
what is going on in our own country.
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kaj se dogaja v lastni državi.
01:34
And expression also,
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Gre tudi za izražanje,
01:37
it has brought talents.
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ki je odkrilo talente.
01:39
Yemenis are using cartoons
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Jemenčani uporabljajo risbe
01:41
and art,
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in umetnost
01:44
paintings, comics,
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ter slikanje, stripe,
01:46
to tell the world and each other
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da bi svetu in drug drugemu povedali,
01:48
about what's going on.
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kaj se dogaja.
01:50
Obviously, there's always the dark side of it.
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Seveda je tu tudi temna stran.
01:53
And this is just one of the less-gruesome pictures
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To je le ena od manj grozljivih fotografij
01:56
of the revolution
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revolucije
01:58
and the cost that we have to pay.
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in cene, ki jo plačujemo.
02:00
The solidarity
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Solidarnost
02:02
of millions of Yemenis across the country
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milijonov Jemenčanov po vsej državi,
02:04
just demanding the one thing.
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ki zahtevajo samo eno.
02:06
And finally, lots of people are saying
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In končno, veliko ljudi pravi,
02:08
that Yemen's revolution
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da bo jemenska revolucija
02:10
is going to break the country.
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razcepila državo.
02:12
Is it going to be so many different countries?
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Bo nastalo veliko različnih držav?
02:14
Is it going to be another Somalia?
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Bo to še ena Somalija?
02:16
But we want to tell the world that, no,
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Svetu hočemo povedati, da ne;
02:18
under the one flag, we'll still remain as Yemeni people.
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pod eno zastavo bomo ostali jemenski narod.
02:22
PM: Thank you for those images, Nadia.
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Hvala za te slike, Nadia.
02:25
And they do, in many ways,
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Na veliko načinov
02:27
tell a different story
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nam povedo drugačno zgodbo,
02:29
than the story of Yemen,
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kot je tista o Jemnu,
02:31
the one that is often in the news.
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ki je pogosto v poročilih.
02:33
And yet, you yourself
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In kljub vsemu, vi sami
02:35
defy all those characterizations.
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kljubujete vsem tem oznakam.
02:37
So let's talk about the personal story for a moment.
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Posvetiva se za trenutek vaši osebni zgodbi.
02:41
Your father is murdered.
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Vašega očeta so umorili.
02:44
The Yemen Times already has
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Yemen Times v Jemnu že ima
02:46
a strong reputation in Yemen
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velik ugled
02:49
as an independent English language newspaper.
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kot neodvisen časopis v angleškem jeziku.
02:53
How did you then
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Kako ste se torej
02:55
make the decision and assume the responsibilities
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odločili, da prevzamete odgovornost
02:57
of running a newspaper,
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za vodenje časopisa,
02:59
especially in such times of conflict?
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predvsem v teh konfliktnih časih?
03:02
NA: Well, let me first warn you
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Naj vas najprej opozorim,
03:04
that I'm not the traditional Yemeni girl.
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da nisem tradicionalno jemensko dekle.
03:07
I've guessed you've already noticed this by now.
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Verjetno ste to že opazili.
03:09
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
03:11
In Yemen, most women are veiled
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V Jemnu je večina žensk zakritih
03:13
and they are sitting behind doors
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in ostanejo za zaprtimi vrati
03:16
and not very much part of the public life.
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ter niso del javnega življenja.
03:18
But there's so much potential.
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Vendar obstaja velik potencial;
03:20
I wish I could show you my Yemen.
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rada bi vam pokazala svoj Jemen.
03:23
I wish you could see
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Rada bi, da bi videli
03:25
Yemen through my eyes.
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Jemen skozi moje oči.
03:27
Then you would know
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Potem bi vedeli,
03:29
that there's so much to it.
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da ima veliko pokazati.
03:31
And I was privileged because I was born into a family,
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Sama sem bila privilegirana, saj sem se rodila v družini,
03:34
my father would always encourage the boys and the girls.
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kjer je oče vedno spodbujal tako fante kot dekleta.
03:38
He would say we are equal.
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Govoril je, da smo enakopravni.
03:41
And he was such an extraordinary man.
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Bil je res izjemen človek.
03:44
And even my mother -- I owe it to my family.
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Tudi moja mati... to dolgujem svoji družini...
03:47
A story:
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to zgodbo.
03:49
I studied in India.
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Študirala sem v Indiji.
03:51
And in my third year, I started becoming confused
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V tretjem letniku sem postala zmedena,
03:54
because I was Yemeni,
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ker sem bila Jemenčanka,
03:56
but I was also mixing up
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hkrati pa sem se družila
03:58
with a lot of my friends in college.
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tudi z veliko prijatelji s fakultete.
04:00
And I went back home and I said,
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Vrnila sem se domov in rekla:
04:03
"Daddy, I don't know who I am.
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"Očka, ne vem, kdo sem.
04:05
I'm not a Yemeni; I'm not an Indian."
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Nisem Jemenčanka, nisem Indijka."
04:07
And he said, "You are the bridge."
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Odgovoril je: "Ti si most."
04:09
And that is something I will keep in my heart forever.
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To je nekaj, kar bom za vedno nosila v srcu.
04:13
So since then I've been the bridge,
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Od tedaj sem torej most,
04:15
and a lot of people have walked over me.
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ki ga je pohodilo že veliko ljudi.
04:18
PM: I don't think so. (Laughter)
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Mislim, da ne.
04:21
NA: But it just helps tell
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Pomaga pa vedeti,
04:24
that some people are change agents
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da so nekateri ljudje nosilci sprememb.
04:26
in the society.
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v družbi.
04:28
And when I became editor-in-chief
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Ko sem postala odgovorna urednica,
04:30
after my brother actually --
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pravzaprav za svojim bratom,
04:32
my father passed away in 1999,
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moj oče je umrl leta 1999,
04:34
and then my brother until 2005 --
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moj brat je bil na položaju do leta 2005...
04:36
and everybody was betting that I will not be able to do it.
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in vsi so bili prepričani, da mi ne bo uspelo.
04:39
"What's this young girl coming in and showing off
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"Kaj se to dekle postavlja,
04:42
because it's her family business," or something.
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samo zato, ker gre za družinsko podjetje," in podobno.
04:45
It was very hard at first.
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Na začetku je bilo zelo težko.
04:47
I didn't want to clash with people.
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Nisem se hotela spopadati z ljudmi.
04:49
But with all due respect
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Toda z vsem spoštovanjem
04:51
to all the men, and the older men especially,
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do vseh moških, posebej do starejših,
04:54
they did not want me around.
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oni me niso hoteli imeti zraven.
04:57
It was very hard, you know,
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Bilo je zelo težko, veste,
04:59
to impose my authority.
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da sem vzpostavila avtoriteto.
05:03
But a woman's got to do what a woman's got to do.
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Toda ženska mora narediti, kar pač mora.
05:07
(Applause)
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(aplavz)
05:12
And in the first year,
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In v prvem letu
05:14
I had to fire half of the men.
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sem morala odpustiti polovico moških.
05:16
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
05:18
(Applause)
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(aplavz)
05:22
Brought in more women.
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Pripeljala sem več žensk.
05:25
Brought in younger men.
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Pripeljala sem mlajše moške.
05:27
And we have a more gender-balanced newsroom today.
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In danes imamo v uredništvu večje ravnotežje med spoloma.
05:31
The other thing is that it's about professionalism.
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Druga stvar je, da gre za profesionalnost.
05:34
It's about proving who you are and what you can do.
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Gre za to, da človek dokaže, kdo je in kaj zna.
05:37
And I don't know if I'm going to be boasting now,
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In ne vem, ali bo tole zvenelo kot samohvala,
05:40
but in 2006 alone,
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ampak samo v letu 2006
05:43
we won three international awards.
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smo dobili tri mednarodne nagrade.
05:45
One of them is the IPI
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Ena od njih je nagrada Mednarodnega medijskega inštituta
05:47
Free Media Pioneer Award.
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Free Media Pioneer Award.
05:49
So that was the answer
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To je bil torej odgovor
05:51
to all the Yemeni people.
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vsem Jemenčanom.
05:53
And I want to score a point here,
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In rada bi nekaj poudarila,
05:55
because my husband is in the room over there.
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moj mož je tamle v dvorani.
05:57
If you could please stand up, [unclear].
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Bi lahko prosim vstal?
06:01
He has been very supportive of me.
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V veliko podporo mi je.
06:04
(Applause)
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(aplavz)
06:08
PM: And we should point out
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Povedati je treba,
06:10
that he works with you as well at the paper.
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da tudi on dela z vami pri časopisu.
06:13
But in assuming this responsibility
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S tem, ko ste prevzeli odgovornost,
06:15
and going about it as you have,
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in delovali na svoj način,
06:17
you have become a bridge
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ste postali most
06:19
between an older and traditional society
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med starejšo tradicionalno družbo
06:23
and the one that you are now creating at the paper.
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in tisto, ki jo ustvarjate s časopisom.
06:26
And so along with changing who worked there,
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Torej, z zamenjavo zaposlenih
06:29
you must have come up against another positioning
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ste se morali soočiti s še enim stališčem,
06:32
that we always run into, in particular with women,
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ob katerega vedno trčimo, posebej v zvezi z ženskami,
06:35
and it has to do with outside image,
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in ki je povezano z zunanjim videzom,
06:38
dress, the veiled woman.
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obleko, zakrito žensko.
06:40
So how have you dealt with this
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Kako ste torej opravili s tem
06:42
on a personal level
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na osebni ravni,
06:44
as well as the women who worked for you?
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kot tudi na ravni žensk, ki so delale z vami?
06:46
NA: As you know,
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Kot veste,
06:48
the image of a lot of Yemeni women is a lot of black
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je predstava o veliko Jemenčankah tista o veliko črnine
06:50
and covered, veiled women.
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in zakritih ženskah.
06:52
And this is true.
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In to je tudi res.
06:54
And a lot of it is
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V veliki meri je to zato,
06:56
because women are not able, are not free,
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ker ženske ne morejo, nimajo svobode,
06:58
to show their face to their self.
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da bi same sebi pokazale obraz.
07:00
It's a lot of traditional imposing
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Gre za veliko tradicionalnih pritiskov
07:02
coming by authority figures
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s strani ljudi z avtoriteto,
07:04
such as the men, the grandparents and so on.
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kot so možje, stari starši in podobno.
07:07
And it's economic empowerment
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Pomembno je ekonomsko opolnomočenje
07:09
and the ability for a woman to say,
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in zmožnost ženske, da reče:
07:11
"I am as much contributing to this family, or more,
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"Prav toliko prispevam k tej družini kot ti,
07:14
than you are."
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ali še več."
07:16
And the more empowered the women become,
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In močnejše ko postajajo ženske,
07:20
the more they are able to remove the veil, for example,
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lažje denimo odkrijejo obraz
07:23
or to drive their own car
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ali vozijo svoj avto
07:25
or to have a job or to be able to travel.
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ali imajo službo ali pa potujejo.
07:27
So the other face of Yemen
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Drugi obraz Jemna
07:30
is actually one
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je torej tisti,
07:32
that lies behind the veil,
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skrit za tančico.
07:34
and it's economic empowerment mostly
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In večinoma res ekonomska moč
07:37
that allows the woman to just uncover it.
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omogoči ženski, da ga enostavno odkrije.
07:39
And I have done this throughout my work.
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To sem jaz naredila s svojim delom.
07:42
I've tried to encourage young girls.
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Skušala sem opogumiti mlada dekleta.
07:44
We started with, you can take it off in the office.
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Začeli smo s tem, da so se lahko odkrile v pisarni.
07:48
And then after that, you can take it off on assignments.
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Potem so se lahko odkrile pri poročanju s terena.
07:51
Because I didn't believe a journalist can be a journalist with --
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Ne verjamem namreč, da je lahko novinar res novinar z ...
07:54
how can you talk to people if you have your face covered? --
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kako lahko govorite z ljudmi, če imate zakrit obraz? ...
07:57
and so on; it's just a movement.
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In tako naprej; gre samo za gibanje.
07:59
And I am a role model in Yemen.
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In jaz sem vzor v Jemnu.
08:01
A lot of people look up to me.
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Veliko ljudi se zgleduje po meni.
08:03
A lot of young girls look up to me.
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Veliko mladih deklet se zgleduje po meni.
08:05
And I need to prove to them that, yes, you can still be married,
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In moram jim dokazati, da je ženska lahko poročena,
08:07
you can still be a mother,
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lahko je mati
08:09
and you can still be respected within the society,
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in še vedno jo bo družba spoštovala.
08:11
but at the same time,
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Hkrati pa
08:13
that doesn't mean you [should] just be one of the crowd.
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to ne pomeni, da naj bo samo del množice.
08:16
You can be yourself and have your face.
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Lahko ste samosvoje in imate svoj obraz.
08:19
PM: But by putting yourself personally out there --
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Toda s tem, ko ste se osebno zavzeli
08:23
both projecting a different image
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in javnosti pokazali drugačno podobo
08:25
of Yemeni women,
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jemenske ženske
08:27
but also what you have made possible
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ter omogočili
08:29
for the women who work at the paper --
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ženskam, ki delajo pri vas...
08:32
has this put you in personal danger?
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vas je to osebno pripeljalo v nevarnost?
08:36
NA: Well the Yemen Times, across 20 years,
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No, Yemen Times je v dvajsetih letih
08:39
has been through so much.
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doživel veliko.
08:41
We've suffered prosecution;
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Preganjali so nas,
08:43
the paper was closed down more than three times.
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časopis so ukinili več kot trikrat.
08:45
It's an independent newspaper,
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Gre za neodvisen časopis,
08:48
but tell that to the people in charge.
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ampak razložite to tistim, ki odločajo.
08:50
They think that if there's anything against them,
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Mislijo, da če pišemo proti njim,
08:53
then we are being an opposition newspaper.
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smo opozicijski časopis.
08:57
And very, very difficult times.
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In šli smo skozi zelo težke čase.
09:00
Some of my reporters were arrested.
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Nekatere novinarje so aretirali.
09:02
We had some court cases.
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Imeli smo nekaj primerov na sodišču.
09:04
My father was assassinated.
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Mojega očeta so umorili.
09:06
Today, we are in a much better situation.
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Danes nam gre veliko bolje.
09:09
We've created the credibility.
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Postali smo verodostojni.
09:11
And in times of revolution or change like today,
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In v časih revolucije ali sprememb, kakršni so danes,
09:14
it is very important for independent media to have a voice.
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je pomembno, da imajo neodvisni mediji svoj glas.
09:18
It's very important
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Zelo pomembno je,
09:20
for you to go to YemenTimes.com,
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da obiščete YemenTimes.com
09:22
and it's very important
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in pomembno je,
09:24
to listen to our voice.
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da nam prisluhnete.
09:27
And this is probably something
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To je nekaj,
09:29
I'm going to share with you
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kar bom delila z vami
09:31
in Western media probably --
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v zahodnih medijih verjetno...
09:33
and how there's a lot of stereotypes --
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no, obstaja veliko stereotipov...
09:37
thinking of Yemen in one single frame:
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razmišljajo o Jemnu na en sam način:
09:40
this is what Yemen is all about.
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to je tisto, kar je zanje Jemen.
09:43
And that's not fair.
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In to ni pošteno.
09:45
It's not fair for me; it's not fair for my country.
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Ni pošteno do mene in do moje države.
09:47
A lot of reporters come to Yemen
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Veliko novinarjev pride v Jemen
09:49
and they want to write a story on Al-Qaeda or terrorism.
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in hoče napisati zgodbo o Al Kajdi ali terorizmu.
09:52
And I just wanted to share with you:
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Hotela sem vam samo povedati:
09:56
there's one reporter that came.
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prišel je neki novinar.
09:58
He wanted to do a documentary
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Nameraval je posneti dokumentarec
10:00
on what his editors wanted.
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o tem, kar so mu naročili uredniki.
10:04
And he ended up writing about a story that even surprised me --
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Na koncu pa je naredil zgodbo, ki je presenetila celo mene...
10:07
hip hop --
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hip hop...
10:09
that there are young Yemeni men
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da obstajajo mladi Jemenčani,
10:12
who express themselves
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ki se izražajo
10:14
through dancing and puchu puchu.
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skozi ples in puču puču.
10:17
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
10:19
That thing. (PM: Rap. Break dancing.)
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Tistole. (Pam: Rap. Break dance.)
10:22
Yeah, break dancing.
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Ja, break dance.
10:24
I'm not so old.
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Nisem tako stara.
10:27
I'm just not in touch.
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Samo nisem na tekočem.
10:29
(Laughter)
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(smeh)
10:31
(Applause)
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(aplavz)
10:34
PM: Yes, you are.
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Pa ste.
10:36
Actually, that's a documentary
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Pravzaprav je dokumentarec
10:38
that's available online; the video's online.
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na voljo na spletu, video je na spletu.
10:41
NA: ShaketheDust.org.
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ShaketheDust.org
10:43
PM: "Shake the Dust." (NA: "Shake the Dust.")
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Shake the Dust.
10:46
PM: ShaketheDust.org.
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ShaketheDust.org.
10:48
And it definitely does give a different image of Yemen.
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In prav gotovo kaže drugačno podobo Jemna.
10:51
You spoke about the responsibility of the press.
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Govorili ste o odgovornosti tiska.
10:54
And certainly, when we look
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In res, ko pogledamo,
10:57
at the ways in which we have separated ourselves from others
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kako smo se ločili od drugih
11:00
and we've created fear
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in vzpostavili stanje strahu
11:02
and danger,
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in nevarnosti,
11:04
often from lack of knowledge,
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pogosto zaradi pomanjkanja znanja,
11:06
lack of real understanding,
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pomanjkanja pravega razumevanja,
11:08
how do you see
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kako vidite
11:10
the way that the Western press in particular
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način, na katerega posebej zahodni tisk
11:13
is covering this and all other stories out of the region,
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pokriva to in druge zgodbe iz regije,
11:16
but in particular, in your country?
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še posebej pa v vaši državi?
11:18
NA: Well there is a saying that says,
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Obstaja pregovor, ki pravi,
11:21
"You fear what you don't know,
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"Bojite se tistega, česar ne poznate,
11:23
and you hate what you fear."
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in sovražite tisto, česar se bojite."
11:26
So it's about the lack of research, basically.
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Gre v osnovi za pomanjkanje raziskav.
11:29
It's almost, "Do your homework," --
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Je skoraj kot: "Dajte, naredite domačo nalogo,"...
11:32
some involvement.
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malo se zavzemite.
11:34
And you cannot do parachute reporting --
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Ne morete biti padalski poročevalec...
11:37
just jump into a country for two days
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kar skočiti v državo za dva dni
11:40
and think that you've done your homework and a story.
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in misliti, da ste opravili nalogo in imate zgodbo.
11:43
So I wish
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Zato želim,
11:45
that the world would know my Yemen,
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da bi svet poznal moj Jemen,
11:47
my country, my people.
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mojo deželo, moje ljudi.
11:50
I am an example, and there are others like me.
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Jaz sem samo primer, so še drugi meni podobni.
11:53
We may not be that many,
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Mogoče nas ni veliko,
11:55
but if we are promoted
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ampak če bomo predstavljeni
11:57
as a good, positive example,
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kot dober, pozitiven primer,
12:00
there will be others -- men and women --
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bodo še drugi - moški in ženske -
12:03
who can eventually bridge the gap --
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ki lahko sčasoma premostijo prepad...
12:06
again, coming to the bridge --
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spet se vračam k mostu...
12:08
between Yemen and the world
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med Jemnom in svetom
12:10
and telling first
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in najprej povedo
12:12
about recognition
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o priznanju
12:14
and then about communication
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in potem o komunikaciji
12:16
and compassion.
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in sočutju.
12:19
I think Yemen is going to be
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Mislim, da bo Jemen
12:21
in a very bad situation
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naslednji dve ali tri leta
12:24
in the next two or three years.
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v zelo slabem položaju.
12:26
It's natural.
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To je normalno.
12:28
But after the two years, which is a price we are willing to pay,
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Ampak po dveh letih, kar je cena, ki smo jo pripravljeni plačati,
12:31
we are going to stand up again on our feet,
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se bomo spet postavili na svoje noge,
12:34
but in the new Yemen
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ampak v novem Jemnu,
12:36
with a younger and more empowered people --
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z mlajšimi in močnejšimi ljudmi,
12:39
democratic.
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in demokracijo.
12:41
(Applause)
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(aplavz)
12:49
PM: Nadia, I think you've just given us
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Nadia, mislim, da ste nam pravkar pokazali
12:51
a very different view of Yemen.
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zelo drugačno podobo Jemna.
12:54
And certainly you yourself and what you do
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In vsekakor ste nam vi z vašim delom
12:57
have given us a view of the future
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dali pogled v prihodnost,
13:00
that we will embrace
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ki ga bomo sprejeli
13:03
and be grateful for.
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in bomo zanj hvaležni.
13:05
And the very best of luck to you.
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Veliko sreče vam želim.
13:07
YemenTimes.com.
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YemenTimes.com.
13:10
NA: On Twitter also.
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Tudi na tviterju smo.
13:13
PM: So you are plugged in.
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Torej ste priklopljeni.
13:15
(Applause)
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(aplavz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Nadia Al-Sakkaf - JournalistNadia Al-Sakkaf is the editor-in-chief of the Yemen Times, the most widely read English-language newspaper in Yemen.
Why you should listen
Nadia Al-Sakkaf became the chief editor of the Yemen Times, the country's first and most widely read independent English-language newspaper, in March 2005, and quickly became a leading voice in Yemen and worldwide media on issues of media, gender, development and politics. During the May 2011 leadership crisis in Yemen, Al-Sakkaf and her organization were vital in reporting the news and putting the political situation in context for the wider world. And as the crisis rolls on, the role of an independent press becomes even more vital. The Yemen Times has reporters on the ground in Sana'a, Taiz, Aden and Hodeida covering the uprising.
Under Al-Sakkaf's leadership, the Yemen Times has also created several publications -- especially those for the advocacy of women’s participation in politics, such as Breaking the Stereotype, a book on Yemeni women's experience as political candidates in elections.
Follow the Yemen Times on Twitter >>
Nadia Al-Sakkaf | Speaker | TED.com