TEDxBeaconStreet
Colin Stokes: How movies teach manhood
Colin Stokes: Kako filmi učijo moškosti
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Ko je triletni sin Collina Stokesa videl drobec Zvezdnih stez, je bil v trenutku prevzet. A kakšna sporočila je našel v znanstveno fantastični klasiki? Stokes si želi več filmov, ki bi fantom dali pozitivno sporočilo: da je sodelovanje junaško in da je spoštovati ženske tako možato, kot premagati zlo.
(Posneto na TEDxBeaconStreet)
Colin Stokes - Proud dad
The director of communications for the non-profit Citizen Schools, Colin Stokes thinks deeply about the media he shares with his two young children. Full bio
The director of communications for the non-profit Citizen Schools, Colin Stokes thinks deeply about the media he shares with his two young children. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
You know, my favorite part of being a dad
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Veste, moj najljubši del očetovstva
00:18
is the movies I get to watch.
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so filmi, ki si jih lahko ogledam.
00:22
I love sharing my favorite movies with my kids,
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Zelo rad gledam moje najljubše filme z mojimi otroci.
00:23
and when my daughter was four,
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Ko je bila moja hči stara štiri leta,
00:26
we got to watch "The Wizard of Oz" together.
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sva skupaj gledala "Čarovnika iz Oza".
00:29
It totally dominated her imagination for months.
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Za več mesecev je popolnoma prevzel njeno domišljijo.
00:32
Her favorite character was Glinda, of course.
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Njen najljubši lik je bil jasno Glenda.
00:36
It gave her a great excuse to wear a sparkly dress
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To je bil izgovor, da je lahko nosila bleščečo oblekico
00:38
and carry a wand.
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in imela čarobno palico.
00:39
But you watch that movie enough times,
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Ampak, če si ta film dovoljkrat pogledaš,
00:42
and you start to realize how unusual it is.
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ugotoviš, kako nenavaden je.
00:43
Now we live today, and are raising our children,
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Danes živimo in vzgajamo svoje otroke
00:46
in a kind of children's-fantasy-spectacular-industrial complex.
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v nekakšnem spektakularnem industrijskem kompleksu otroške domišljije.
00:52
But "The Wizard of Oz" stood alone.
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A "Čarovnik iz Oza" je bil edinstven.
00:54
It did not start that trend.
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Ni začel tega trenda.
00:56
Forty years later was when the trend really caught on,
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Štirideset let kasneje se je trend res prijel
01:00
with, interestingly, another movie
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s filmom, v katerem, to je zanimivo,
01:02
that featured a metal guy
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najdemo kovinskega tipa
01:04
and a furry guy
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in kosmatega tipa,
01:06
rescuing a girl by dressing up as the enemy's guards.
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ki reši princeso v oblačilih sovražnikovih stražarjev.
01:11
Do you know what I'm talking about? (Laughter)
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Ali veste o čem govorim? (smeh)
01:13
Yeah.
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Ja.
01:15
Now, there's a big difference between these two movies,
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No, med tema dvema filmoma je velika razlika,
01:18
a couple of really big differences between "The Wizard of Oz"
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nekaj zelo velikih razlik med "Čarovnikom iz Oza"
01:20
and all the movies we watch today.
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in filmi, ki jih gledamo danes.
01:21
One is there's very little violence in "The Wizard of Oz."
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Ena je, da je v "Čarovniku iz Oza" zelo malo nasilja.
01:25
The monkeys are rather aggressive, as are the apple trees.
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Opice so še kar nasilne kot tudi jablane.
01:30
But I think if "The Wizard of Oz" were made today,
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Zdi se mi, da, če bi "Čarovnika iz Oza" posneli danes,
01:34
the wizard would say, "Dorothy, you are the savior of Oz
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bi čarovnik rekel: "Doroteja, ti si rešiteljica Oza,
01:38
that the prophecy foretold.
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ki jo je prerokba napovedala.
01:40
Use your magic slippers to defeat
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Uporabi svoje čarobne čeveljce in premagaj
01:42
the computer-generated armies of the Wicked Witch."
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računalniško ustvarjene vojske Zlobne čarovnice.
01:45
But that's not how it happens.
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A tako se ne zgodi.
01:47
Another thing that's really unique about "The Wizard of Oz"
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Še nekaj edinstvenega na " Čarovniku iz Oza"
01:49
to me is that all of the most heroic
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se mi zdi, da so vse od najbolj junaških,
01:53
and wise and even villainous characters
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modrih in celo zlobnih likov
01:56
are female.
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ženske.
02:00
Now I started to notice this
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To sem pravzaprav začel opažati,
02:02
when I actually showed "Star Wars" to my daughter,
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ko sem svoji hčeri pokazal "Vojno zvezd".
02:05
which was years later, and the situation was different.
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To je bilo leta kasneje in je bila situacija drugačna.
02:07
At that point I also had a son.
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Takrat sem tudi že imel sina.
02:11
He was only three at the time.
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Takrat je imel le tri leta.
02:12
He was not invited to the screening. He was too young for that.
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Ni bil povabljen na predvajanje filma. Je bil premajhen za to.
02:16
But he was the second child,
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A bil je drugi otrok
02:18
and the level of supervision had plummeted. (Laughter)
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in stopnja nadzora se je močno zmanjšala. (smeh)
02:22
So he wandered in,
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Pritaval je v sobo
02:25
and it imprinted on him
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in nanj je naredilo vtis,
02:29
like a mommy duck does to its duckling,
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kot se mama raca vtisne v svoje račke,
02:35
and I don't think he understands what's going on,
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in mislim, da ni razumel, kaj se dogaja,
02:39
but he is sure soaking in it.
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ampak prav gotovo je to srkal vase.
02:42
And I wonder what he's soaking in.
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In zanimalo me je, kaj opaža.
02:43
Is he picking up on the themes of courage
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Ali opaža temo poguma,
02:46
and perseverance and loyalty?
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vztrajnosti in zvestobe?
02:48
Is he picking up on the fact that Luke
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Ali opaža dejstvo, da se Luke
02:51
joins an army to overthrow the government?
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pridruži vojski, da bi povzročil padec vlade?
02:56
Is he picking up on the fact that
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Ali opaža,
02:58
there are only boys in the universe
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da so v vesolju samo fantje
03:01
except for Aunt Beru, and of course this princess,
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razen tete Beru in seveda te princese,
03:04
who's really cool, but who kind of waits around through most of the movie
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ki je res kul, ampak večino filma nekako čaka,
03:08
so that she can award the hero with a medal and a wink
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da lahko junaku podari medaljo in mežik,
03:12
to thank him for saving the universe, which he does
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da bi se mu zahvalila, ker je rešil vesolje, kar je storil
03:14
by the magic that he was born with?
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s pomočjo čarovnije, s katero se je rodil?
03:17
Compare this to 1939 with "The Wizard of Oz."
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Primerjajte to s "Čarovnikom iz Oza" iz leta 1939.
03:20
How does Dorothy win her movie?
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Kako Doroteja zmaga v svojem filmu?
03:23
By making friends with everybody
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Z vsemi se spoprijatelji
03:26
and being a leader.
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in postane vodja.
03:28
That's kind of the world I'd rather raise my kids in --
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V takem svetu bi veliko raje vzgajal svoje otroke,
03:31
Oz, right? -- and not the world of dudes fighting,
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v Ozu, kajne? In ne v filmu, kjer se tipi pretepajo,
03:35
which is where we kind of have to be.
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kjer nekako moramo biti.
03:37
Why is there so much Force -- capital F, Force --
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Zakaj je toliko Sile - z veliko začetnico; SIle -
03:41
in the movies we have for our kids,
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v otroških filmih
03:42
and so little yellow brick road?
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in tako malo rumene ceste?
03:45
There is a lot of great writing about the impact
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Veliko dobrega je napisanega o vplivu
03:48
that the boy-violent movie has on girls,
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fantovskih nasilnih filmih na dekleta,
03:52
and you should do that reading. It's very good.
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kar preberite si. Zelo je zanimivo.
03:55
I haven't read as much on how boys are picking up on this vibe.
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Nisem še prebral veliko o tem, kako to vpliva na fante.
04:00
I know from my own experience that
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Iz lastnih izkušenj vem,
04:02
Princess Leia did not provide the adequate context
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da princesa Leja ni dala dovolj dobrega konteksta,
04:08
that I could have used in navigating the adult world
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da bi to lahko uporabil, da bi se znajdel v svetu odraslih,
04:12
that is co-ed. (Laughter)
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ki združuje moške in ženske. (smeh)
04:17
I think there was a first-kiss moment
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Msilim, da sem v trenutku prvega poljuba
04:20
when I really expected the credits to start rolling
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pričakoval, da se bo odvila zaključna špica,
04:23
because that's the end of the movie, right?
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ker je to konec filma, kajne?
04:26
I finished my quest, I got the girl.
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Dokončal sem svoje poslanstvo, dobil sem dekle.
04:28
Why are you still standing there?
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Zakaj še kar stojiš tam?
04:32
I don't know what I'm supposed to do.
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Nisem vedel, kaj naj bi.
04:33
The movies are very, very focused on defeating the villain
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Filmi so zelo zelo osredotočeni na to, da se premaga zlo
04:36
and getting your reward, and there's not a lot of room
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in se dobi nagrado. Ni veliko prostora za
04:39
for other relationships and other journeys.
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druga razmerja in druga potovanja.
04:42
It's almost as though if you're a boy,
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Zdi se, da, če si fant,
04:44
you are a dopey animal,
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si butasta žival,
04:46
and if you are a girl, you should bring your warrior costume.
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če si dekle, moraš s seboj prinesti svoj bojevniški kostum.
04:50
There are plenty of exceptions,
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Ogromno izjem je
04:53
and I will defend the Disney princesses in front of any you.
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in pred komerkoli od vas bom branil Disneyjeve princese.
04:58
But they do send a message to boys,
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A fantom pošiljajo sporočila,
05:01
that they are not, the boys are not really the target audience.
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da niso, fantje niso ciljna publika.
05:03
They are doing a phenomenal job of teaching girls
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Neverjetno dobro učijo dekleta,
05:06
how to defend against the patriarchy,
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kako se boriti proti patriarhiji,
05:09
but they are not necessarily showing boys
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a ne pokažejo nujno, kako se morajo fantje
05:11
how they're supposed to defend against the patriarchy.
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boriti proti patriarhiji.
05:14
There's no models for them.
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Za njih ni vzornikov.
05:16
And we also have some terrific women
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Imamo nekaj prekrasnih žensk,
05:19
who are writing new stories for our kids,
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ki za naše otroke pišejo nove zgodbe,
05:22
and as three-dimensional and delightful as Hermione and Katniss are,
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in čeprav sta Hermiona ali Katniss zelo tri-dimnezionalni in očarljivi,
05:26
these are still war movies.
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so to še vedno vojni filmi.
05:28
And, of course, the most successful studio of all time
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In, jasno, najbolj uspešen studio vseh časov
05:33
continues to crank out classic after classic,
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še naprej izdaja klasiko za klasiko
05:37
every single one of them about
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in vsaka izmed njih govori
05:39
the journey of a boy, or a man,
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o potovanju fanta ali moškega
05:43
or two men who are friends, or a man and his son,
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ali dveh moških prijateljev ali moškega in njegovega sina
05:47
or two men who are raising a little girl.
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ali dveh moških, ki vzgajata majhno punčko.
05:50
Until, as many of you are thinking, this year,
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Dokler niso letos, o čemur vas veliko razmišlja,
05:54
when they finally came out with "Brave."
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končno naredili "Pogum".
05:56
I recommend it to all of you. It's on demand now.
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Vsem vam ga priporočam. Trenutno je v povpraševanju.
06:00
Do you remember what the critics said when "Brave" came out?
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Ali se spomnite, kaj so kritiki rekli, ko je "Pogum" izšel?
06:04
"Aw, I can't believe Pixar made a princess movie."
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"Oh, ne morem verjeti, da je Pixar naredil film o princesi."
06:08
It's very good. Don't let that stop you.
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Zelo je dober. Ne pustite si, da vas to ustavi.
06:10
Now, almost none of these movies pass the Bechdel Test.
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No, skoraj noben izmed teh filmov ne prestane Bechdelovega testa.
06:14
I don't know if you've heard of this.
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Ne vem, če ste že slišali zanj.
06:15
It has not yet caught on and caught fire,
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Ni se še prijel ali vnel debate,
06:18
but maybe today we will start a movement.
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a morda bomo danes začeli gibanje.
06:20
Alison Bechdel is a comic book artist,
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Alison Bechedel ustvarja stripe
06:23
and back in the mid-'80s, she recorded this conversation
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in v sredini 80-ih je posnela pogovor
06:28
she'd had with a friend about assessing the movies that they saw.
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s svojo prijateljico, v katerem ocenjujeta filme, ki sta si jih ogledali.
06:32
And it's very simple. There's just three questions you should ask:
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Zelo preprosto je. Samo tri vprašanja si morate postaviti:
06:35
Is there more than one character in the movie
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Ali je v filmu več kot en lik,
06:37
that is female who has lines?
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ki je ženska in kaj reče.
06:41
So try to meet that bar.
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Poskusite doseči to merilo.
06:43
And do these women talk to each other at any point in the movie?
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In, ali se te ženske med seboj v kateremkoli delu filma pogovarjajo med seboj?
06:49
And is their conversation about something other than
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In, ali je njun pogovor o čem drugem
06:53
the guy that they both like? (Laughter)
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kot o fantu, ki jima je obema všeč? (smeh)
06:56
Right? Thank you. (Applause)
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Kajne? Hvala. (aplavz)
07:00
Thank you very much.
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Najlepša hvala.
07:02
Two women who exist and talk to each other about stuff.
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Dve ženski, ki obstajata in se pogovarjata o nečem.
07:10
It does happen. I've seen it,
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Zgodi se. Videl sem že to,
07:15
and yet I very rarely see it in the movies
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a zelo redko to vidim v filmih,
07:18
that we know and love.
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ki jih vsi poznamo in jih imamo tako zelo radi.
07:19
In fact, this week I went to see
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Pravzaprav sem si ta teden ogledal
07:21
a very high-quality movie, "Argo."
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zelo kvaliteten film "Argo".
07:25
Right? Oscar buzz, doing great at the box office,
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Kajne? Hvalili so ga na Oskarjih, dobro je služil.
07:28
a consensus idea of what a quality Hollywood film is.
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Splošno mnenje je, da je to kvaliteten hollywoodski film.
07:33
It pretty much flunks the Bechdel test.
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Bolj kot ne pogrne na Bechedelovem testu.
07:35
And I don't think it should, because a lot of the movie,
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In mislim, da ne bi smel, ker je večina filma,
07:39
I don't know if you've seen it, but a lot of the movie
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ne vem, če ste ga videli, a večina
07:41
takes place in this embassy where men and women
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se dogaja na ambasadi, na kateri se moški in ženske
07:44
are hiding out during the hostage crisis.
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skrivajo med situacijo s talci.
07:47
We've got quite a few scenes of the men
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V nekaj scenah imajo moški
07:49
having deep, angst-ridden conversations in this hideout,
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globoke tesnobne pogovore v skrivališču
07:53
and the great moment for one of the actresses is
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in najboljši trenutek ene izmed igralk je,
07:57
to peek through the door and say, "Are you coming to bed, honey?"
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ko pogleda skozi vrata in reče "Prideš v posteljo, ljubček?"
08:02
That's Hollywood for you.
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To je Hollywood.
08:04
So let's look at the numbers.
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Poglejmo si številke.
08:06
2011, of the 100 most popular movies,
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Koliko od 10o najbolj popularnih filmov v letu 2011
08:10
how many of them do you think actually have female protagonists?
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mislite, da je glavno vlogo imela ženska.
08:14
Eleven. It's not bad.
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Enajst. Ni slabo.
08:18
It's not as many percent as the number of women
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Ni toliko procentov, kolikor je žensk
08:21
we've just elected to Congress, so that's good.
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v na novo izvoljenem Kongresu, kar je dobro.
08:24
But there is a number that is greater than this
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A obstaja še večja številka,
08:27
that's going to bring this room down.
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ki bo to sobo potrla.
08:30
Last year, The New York Times published a study
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Lansko leto je "The New York Times" objavil raziskavo,
08:34
that the government had done.
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ki jo je opravila vlada.
08:35
Here's what it said.
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Pokazala je tole.
08:37
One out of five women in America
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Vsaka peta ženska v Ameriki
08:41
say that they have been sexually assaulted some time in their life.
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pravi, da so jo spolno zlorabili enkrat v življenju.
08:47
Now, I don't think that's the fault of popular entertainment.
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No, ne mislim, da je za to kriva splošna zabava.
08:51
I don't think kids' movies have anything to do with that.
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Mislim, da otroški filmi niso imeli ničesar s tem.
08:55
I don't even think that
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Ne mislim niti,
08:57
music videos or pornography are really directly related to that,
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da so s tem neposredno povezani glasbeni videi ali pornografija,
09:01
but something is going wrong,
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ampak nekaj je narobe
09:03
and when I hear that statistic,
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in, ko slišim te podatke,
09:06
one of the things I think of is
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pomislim na to,
09:09
that's a lot of sexual assailants.
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da je veliko spolnih napadalcev.
09:13
Who are these guys? What are they learning?
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Kdo so ti tipi? Kaj se učijo?
09:16
What are they failing to learn?
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Česa se ne naučijo?
09:18
Are they absorbing the story that
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Ali srkajo zgodbo,
09:20
a male hero's job is to defeat the villain with violence
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da je naloga moškega junaka, da premaga zlo z nasiljem
09:25
and then collect the reward, which is a woman
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in potem pobere nagrado, kar je ženska,
09:27
who has no friends and doesn't speak?
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ki nima prijateljev in ne govori?
09:32
Are we soaking up that story?
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Ali si mi zapomnimo to zgodbo?
09:38
You know,
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Veste,
09:40
as a parent with the privilege
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kot starš, ki ima privilegij,
09:43
of raising a daughter
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da vzgajam hči,
09:45
like all of you who are doing the same thing,
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kot vsi vi, ki počnete isto,
09:48
we find this world and this statistic very alarming
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se mi zdi ta svet in ta statistika zelo skrb vzbujajoča
09:52
and we want to prepare them.
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in rad bi jo pripravil na to.
09:53
We have tools at our disposal like "girl power,"
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Na razpolago imam orodje kot je "ženska moč"
09:57
and we hope that that will help,
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in upamo, da bo to pomagalo,
10:00
but I gotta wonder, is girl power going to protect them
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a moram se vprašati, ali jih bo ta moč zaščitila,
10:04
if, at the same time, actively or passively,
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če naenkrat, aktivno in pasivno,
10:06
we are training our sons to maintain their boy power?
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poučujemo svoje sinove, da naj vzdržujejo svojo moško moč?
10:11
I mean, I think the Netflix queue
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Mislim, da je najemanje filmov
10:15
is one way that we can do something very important,
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eden izmed načinov, kako lahko storimo nekaj zelo pomembnega,
10:18
and I'm talking mainly to the dads here.
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in zdaj govorim predvsem očetom.
10:21
I think we have got to show our sons
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Mislim, da moramo svojim sinovom
10:24
a new definition of manhood.
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pokazati novo definicijo moškosti.
10:26
The definition of manhood is already turning upside down.
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Ta definicija je že tako ali tako popolnoma spremenjena.
10:30
You've read about how the new economy
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Brali ste o tem, kako ekonomija spreminja
10:32
is changing the roles of caregiver and wage earner.
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vloge tistega, ki služi, in tistega, ki skrbi za dom in družino.
10:36
They're throwing it up in the air.
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Vse se je postavilo na glavo.
10:37
So our sons are going to have to find some way
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Naši sinovi bodo morali najti nekakšen način,
10:40
of adapting to this, some new relationship with each other,
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da se bodo na to prilagodili. Nek nov odnos z drugimi,
10:43
and I think we really have to show them, and model for them,
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ki jim ga bomo, mislim da, morali pokazati in izvajati mi.
10:47
how a real man
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Kako pravi moški
10:51
is someone who trusts his sisters
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zaupa svoji sestri
10:54
and respects them, and wants to be on their team,
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in jo spoštuje in želi biti na njeni strani
10:58
and stands up against the real bad guys,
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in se postavi po robu res slabim fantom,
11:01
who are the men who want to abuse the women.
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to so moški, ki želijo zlorabljati ženske.
11:05
And I think our job in the Netflix queue
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In mislim, da je naša naloga pri najemanju filmov,
11:08
is to look out for those movies that pass the Bechdel Test,
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da poiščemo tiste filme, ki prestanejo Bechedelov test,
11:12
if we can find them, and to seek out the heroines
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če jih lahko najdemo, in da najdemo junakinje,
11:16
who are there,
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ki so tam,
11:18
who show real courage, who bring people together,
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ki pokažejo pravi pogum, ki združujejo ljudi,
11:22
and to nudge our sons to identify with those heroines
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in sinovom namignemo, da se lahko z njimi poistovetijo
11:25
and to say, "I want to be on their team,"
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in rečejo: "Hočem biti na njeni strani.",
11:29
because they're going to be on their team.
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ker bodo na njeni strani.
11:33
When I asked my daughter who her favorite character was in "Star Wars,"
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Ko sem hči vprašal, kdo je njen najljubši lik iz " Vojne zvezd",
11:37
do you know what she said?
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veste, kaj je rekla?
11:39
Obi-Wan.
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Obi-Wan.
11:41
Obi-Wan Kenobi and Glinda.
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Obi-Wan Kenobi in Glinda.
11:45
What do these two have in common?
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Kaj imata ta dva skupnega?
11:49
Maybe it's not just the sparkly dress.
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Morda ne le bleščeča obleka.
11:51
I think these people are experts.
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Mislim, da sta strokovnjaka.
11:54
I think these are the two people in the movie
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Mislim, da sta to človeka, ki v filmu
11:56
who know more than anybody else,
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vesta več kot kdorkoli drug
11:57
and they love sharing their knowledge with other people
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in ki svoje znanje rada delita z drugimi ljudmi,
12:01
to help them reach their potential.
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da bi ti dosegli svoj potencial.
12:04
Now, they are leaders.
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Vodji sta.
12:06
I like that kind of quest for my daughter,
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Za hči bi rad videl, da ima tako nalogo,
12:08
and I like that kind of quest for my son.
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in za sina bi rad videl, da ima tako nalogo.
12:10
I want more quests like that.
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Več takih nalog si želim.
12:12
I want fewer quests where my son is told,
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Manj nalog, pri katerih bi se mojemu sinu reklo:
12:15
"Go out and fight it alone,"
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"Pojdi in se bori sam,"
12:17
and more quests where he sees that it's his job to join a team,
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in več takih, kjer se mora pridružiti ekipi,
12:22
maybe a team led by women,
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ki jo morda vodi ženska,
12:26
to help other people become better
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da bi drugim ljudem pomagali postati boljši
12:32
and be better people,
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in da bi sami bili boljši.
12:34
like the Wizard of Oz.
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kot v "Čarovniku iz Oza".
12:37
Thank you.
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Hvala.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Colin Stokes - Proud dadThe director of communications for the non-profit Citizen Schools, Colin Stokes thinks deeply about the media he shares with his two young children.
Why you should listen
Colin Stokes divides his time between parenting and building the brand of Citizen Schools, a non-profit that reimagines the school day for middle school students in low-income communities in eight states. As Managing Director of Brand & Communications, Colin helps people within the organization find the ideas, words and stories that will connect with more and more people. He believes that understanding the human mind is a force that can be used for good and seeks to take advantage of our innate and learned tendencies to bring out the best in each other and our culture.
Before starting a family, Colin was an actor and graphic designer in New York City. He starred in the long-running off-Broadway musical I Love You, You’re Perfect, Now Change, as well is in several musicals and Shakespeare stagings. But he jokes that he seems to have achieved more renown (and considerably more revenue) for his brief appearances on two Law & Order episodes.
Colin Stokes | Speaker | TED.com