TED2009
Cameron Sinclair: The refugees of boom-and-bust
Cameron Sinclair: Begunci gospodarske rasti in padca
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Na TEDGlobal U-u, Cameron Sinclair pokaže skrite stroške nepremičninskih megaprojektov, ki so propadli: tisoči gradbenih delavcev migrantov, zapuščenih in brez ficka. Svojim kolegom arhitektom pravi, da je samo en odgovor etičen.
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
A few years ago, my eyes were opened
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Pred nekaj leti so se mi odprle oči
00:21
to the dark side of the construction industry.
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in spoznal sem temno stran gradbene industrije.
00:24
In 2006, young Qatari students
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Leta 2006 so me mladi Katarski študenti
00:27
took me to go and see the migrant worker camps.
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peljali na ogled kampov delovnih migrantov.
00:29
And since then I've followed the unfolding issue of worker rights.
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In od takrat sledim razvijajočemu se problemu delavskih pravic.
00:34
In the last six months, more than 300 skyscrapers
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V zadnjih šestih mesecih je gradnja več kot 300 nebotičnikov
00:36
in the UAE have been put on hold or canceled.
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v Združenih arabskih emiratih (ZAE) začasno ustavljena ali preklicana.
00:39
Behind the headlines that lay behind these buildings
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Za naslovnicami, ki ležijo za temi zgradbami,
00:42
is the fate of the often-indentured construction worker.
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so usode gradbenih delavcev, pogosto pogodbenih.
00:46
1.1 million of them.
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1,1 milijona njih.
00:48
Mainly Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan
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V glavnem Indijci, Pakistanci, Šrilančani
00:51
and Nepalese, these laborers risk everything
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in Nepalci. Ti delavci tvegajo vse,
00:53
to make money for their families back home.
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da bi zaslužili denar za svoje družine v domovini.
00:56
They pay a middle-man thousands of dollars to be there.
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Posredniku plačajo tisoče dolarjev, da bi bili tam.
00:58
And when they arrive, they find themselves in labor camps with no water,
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In ko prispejo, se znajdejo v delavskih kampih brez vode,
01:02
no air conditioning, and their passports taken away.
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brez klime in z odvzetimi potnimi listi.
01:06
While it's easy to point the finger at local officials and higher authorities,
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Čeprav je lahko pokazati s prstom na lokalne uradnike in višje oblasti,
01:10
99 percent of these people are hired by the private sector,
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99 odstotkov teh ljudi najame zasebni sektor,
01:14
and so therefore we're equally, if not more, accountable.
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zato smo mi enako, če ne celo bolj, odgovorni.
01:17
Groups like Buildsafe UAE have emerged,
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Pojavile so se skupine kot je Buildsafe UAE,
01:20
but the numbers are simply overwhelming.
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vendar so številke preprosto ogromne.
01:22
In August 2008,
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Avgusta 2008 so
01:24
UAE public officials noted
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javni uslužbenci ZAE ugotovili,
01:26
that 40 percent of the country's 1,098 labor camps
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da je 40 odstotkov od 1.098 delavskih kampov v državi
01:30
had violated minimum health and fire safety regulations.
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prekršilo predpise o minimalni zdravstveni in požarni varnosti.
01:33
And last summer, more than 10,000 workers
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Prejšnje poletje pa je več kot 10.000 delavcev
01:36
protested for the non-payment of wages,
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protestiralo proti neizplačilu plač,
01:39
for the poor quality of food, and inadequate housing.
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slabi kakovosti hrane in neprimerni nastanitvi.
01:42
And then the financial collapse happened.
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Potem pa se je zgodil finančni zlom.
01:45
When the contractors have gone bust,
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Ko so izvajalci propadli,
01:47
as they've been overleveraged like everyone else,
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ker so bili tudi oni prezadolženi, tako kot vsi ostali,
01:49
the difference is everything goes missing,
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je razlika v tem, da je pri njih vse izginilo,
01:52
documentation, passports,
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dokumentacija, potni listi
01:54
and tickets home for these workers.
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in vozovnice za vrnitev teh delavcev domov.
01:56
Currently, right now, thousands of workers are abandoned.
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Trenutno, ravno zdaj, je na tisoče delavcev zapuščenih.
02:00
There is no way back home.
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Ni načina, da se vrnejo domov.
02:02
And there is no way, and no proof of arrival.
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Ni poti in ni dokazov, da so sploh prispeli.
02:05
These are the boom-and-bust refugees.
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To so begunci gospodarske rasti in padca.
02:08
The question is, as a building professional,
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Vprašanje je, če kot gradbeni strokovnjak,
02:11
as an architect, an engineer, as a developer,
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arhitekt, inženir, razvojnik,
02:13
if you know this is going on,
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če veste, da se to dogaja,
02:15
as we go to the sights every single week,
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ko gremo na gradbišča čisto vsak teden,
02:18
are you complacent or complicit
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ali ste samozadovoljni ali sokrivi
02:20
in the human rights violations?
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pri kršenju človekovih pravic?
02:22
So let's forget your environmental footprint.
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Pozabimo torej na vaš ekološki odtis.
02:25
Let's think about your ethical footprint.
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Razmislimo o vašem etičnem odtisu.
02:27
What good is it
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Kakšna je korist od
02:30
to build a zero-carbon, energy efficient complex,
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gradnje brezogljičnih, energijsko učinkovitih kompleksov,
02:33
when the labor producing this architectural gem
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če se z delovno silo, ki gradi ta arhitekturni presežek,
02:36
is unethical at best?
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ravna v najboljšem primeru neetično?
02:39
Now, recently I've been told I've been taking the high road.
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Pred kratkim so mi rekli, da ne iščem bližnjic, da sem moralen.
02:41
But, quite frankly, on this issue,
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Ampak, odkrito povedano, glede tega vprašanja
02:43
there is no other road.
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drugačna pot ne obstaja.
02:45
So let's not forget who is really paying the price of this financial collapse.
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Tako ne pozabimo, kdo v resnici plačuje ceno finančnega zloma.
02:49
And that as we worry about our next job in the office,
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Ko nas skrbi naš naslednji posel v pisarni,
02:52
the next design that we can get, to keep our workers.
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naslednji načrt, ki ga lahko dobimo, da obdržimo delavce,
02:56
Let's not forget these men, who are truly dying to work.
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ne pozabimo teh ljudi, ki resnično umirajo, da bi delali.
02:59
Thank you.
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Hvala.
03:01
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cameron Sinclair - Co-founder, Architecture for Humanity2006 TED Prize winner Cameron Sinclair is co-founder of Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that seeks architecture solutions to global crises -- and acts as a conduit between the design community and the world's humanitarian needs.
Why you should listen
After training as an architect, Cameron Sinclair (then age 24) joined Kate Stohr to found Architecture for Humanity, a nonprofit that helps architects apply their skills to humanitarian efforts. Starting with just $700 and a simple web site in 1999, AFH has grown into an international hub for humanitarian design, offering innovative solutions to housing problems in all corners of the globe.
Whether rebuilding earthquake-ravaged Bam in Iran, designing a soccer field doubling as an HIV/AIDS clinic in Africa, housing refugees on the Afghan border, or helping Katrina victims rebuild, Architecture for Humanity works by Sinclair's mantra: "Design like you give a damn." (Sinclair and Stohr cowrote a book by the same name, released in 2006.)
A regular contributor to the sustainability blog Worldchanging.com, Sinclair is now working on the Open Architecture Network, born from the wish he made when he accepted the 2006 TED Prize: to build a global, open-source network where architects, governments and NGOs can share and implement design plans to house the world.
Cameron Sinclair | Speaker | TED.com