ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ray Anderson - Sustainable-business pioneer
Ray Anderson founded the company that makes covetable Flor carpeting. But behind the fresh design is a decades-deep commitment to sustainable ways of doing business -- culminating in the Mission Zero plan.

Why you should listen

Ray Anderson founded Interface, the company that makes those adorable Flor carpet tiles (as well as lots of less whizzy but equally useful flooring and fabric). He was a serious carpet guy, focused on building his company and making great products. Then he read Paul Hawken's book The Ecology of Commerce. Something clicked: with his company's global reach and manufacturing footprint, he was in a position to do something very real, very important, in building a sustainable world.

Anderson focused the company's attention on sustainable decisionmaking, taking a hard look at suppliers, manufacturing processes, and the beginning-to-end life cycle of all its products. (For example: If you can't find a place to recycle a worn or damaged Flor tile, Interface invites you to send it back to them and they'll do it for you.) They call this drive Mission Zero: "our promise to eliminate any negative impact our company may have on the environment by the year 2020."

Anderson, who died in August 2011, estimated that since 2001 he'd given more than 1,000 speeches making the business case for sustainability. He often ended his talks with the poem "Tomorrow's Child," written by an Interface employee, Glenn Thomas.

More profile about the speaker
Ray Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TED2009

Ray Anderson: The business logic of sustainability

雷‧安德森談論企業永續的邏輯法則

Filmed:
1,098,554 views

藉著顛覆傳統的"取得資源/做成商品/再被拋棄"工業制度,雷‧安德森為他的地毯公司不僅增加了銷售額並使其利潤雙倍成長。他和善且輕描淡寫地向我們分享著一種極有影響力的商業續存觀點。
- Sustainable-business pioneer
Ray Anderson founded the company that makes covetable Flor carpeting. But behind the fresh design is a decades-deep commitment to sustainable ways of doing business -- culminating in the Mission Zero plan. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:18
Believe me or not, I come offering a solution
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信不信由你,我是來分享一個解決辦法
00:22
to a very important重要 part部分 of this larger problem問題,
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針對一個全面性的重要問題
00:26
with the requisite必要 focus焦點 on climate氣候.
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也就是氣候變遷
00:28
And the solution I offer提供
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我提供的辦法
00:30
is to the biggest最大 culprit罪魁禍首
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是對於那些人類造成的
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in this massive大規模的 mistreatment虐待 of the earth地球
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重大元兇並
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by humankind人類,
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對地球產生嚴重的破壞
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and the resulting造成 decline下降 of the biosphere生物圈.
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導致生物多樣性的減少
00:41
That culprit罪魁禍首 is business商業 and industry行業,
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元兇就是商業和工業活動
00:44
which哪一個 happens發生 to be where I have spent花費 the last 52 years年份
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自從我1956年從喬治亞理工學院畢業以後
00:47
since以來 my graduation畢業 from Georgia格魯吉亞 Tech技術 in 1956.
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52年來就一直持續存在著的問題
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As an industrial產業 engineer工程師,
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身為一名工業工程師
00:53
cum附帶 aspiring有志 and then successful成功 entrepreneur企業家.
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創業家、成功的企業家
00:57
After founding創建 my company公司, Interface接口, from scratch
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我在1973年,也就是三十六年前
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in 1973, 36 years年份 ago,
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白手起家建立了我的公司Interface
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to produce生產 carpet地毯 tiles瓷磚 in America美國
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在美國製造方塊地毯
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for the business商業 and institution機構 markets市場,
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銷售給企業或是研究機構
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and shepherding牧養 it through通過 start-up啟動 and survival生存
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我帶領我的公司從草創初期到站穩腳步
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to prosperity繁榮 and global全球 dominance霸主地位 in its field領域,
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而後成為世界領導品牌
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I read Paul保羅 Hawken's霍肯的 book,
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我讀過保羅‧霍肯的書
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"The Ecology生態 of Commerce商業,"
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"商業生態學"
01:18
the summer夏季 of 1994.
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在1994年的夏天
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In his book, Paul保羅 charges收費 business商業 and industry行業
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保羅在他的書中指責工商業活動
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as, one, the major重大的 culprit罪魁禍首
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為導致生物圈減少的
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in causing造成 the decline下降 of the biosphere生物圈,
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罪魁禍首
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and, two, the only institution機構 that is large enough足夠,
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並稱這些公司也是唯一夠大
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and pervasive無處不在 enough足夠, and powerful強大 enough足夠,
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夠普遍、夠有力的機構
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to really lead humankind人類 out of this mess食堂.
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去帶領人們走出這一團混亂
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And by the way he convicted被定罪 me
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順帶一提,他還在書裡指責我
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as a plunderer掠奪者 of the earth地球.
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為地球的掠奪者
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And I then challenged挑戰 the people of Interface接口, my company公司,
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之後我開始給我公司的夥伴一個挑戰
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to lead our company公司 and the entire整個 industrial產業 world世界 to sustainability可持續性,
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帶領我們公司,及整個工業界往永續發展的目標前進
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which哪一個 we defined定義 as eventually終於 operating操作
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最後我們將自己這個石油密集產業
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our petroleum-intensive石油密集 company公司 in such這樣 a way
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定下一個目標-
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as to take from the earth地球
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只使用那些可以
01:57
only what can be renewed更新 by the earth地球, naturally自然 and rapidly急速 --
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快速地被自然更新的地球資源當作原料
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not another另一個 fresh新鮮 drop下降 of oil --
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不再使用任何一滴原油
02:03
and to do no harm危害 to the biosphere生物圈.
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並且不傷害生物環境
02:07
Take nothing: do no harm危害.
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不任取資源、不傷害地球。
02:09
I simply只是 said, "If Hawken霍肯 is right
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我簡單地說道,如果霍肯是對的
02:11
and business商業 and industry行業 must必須 lead,
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那工商業必定得領導大眾
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who will lead business商業 and industry行業?
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誰又來領導工商業?
02:15
Unless除非 somebody leads引線, nobody沒有人 will."
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除非有人挺身而出,否則將群龍無首
02:18
It's axiomatic不言自明的. Why not us?
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這是無庸置疑的,為什麼我們不跳出來登高一呼?
02:21
And thanks謝謝 to the people of Interface接口,
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感謝我公司Interface的夥伴
02:23
I have become成為 a recovering恢復 plunderer掠奪者.
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我因而有機會改過向善
02:26
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑)
02:27
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
02:32
I once一旦 told a Fortune幸運 Magazine雜誌 writer作家
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我曾告訴過一位《財富》雜誌的編輯說
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that someday日後 people like me would go to jail監獄.
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像我這種人總有一天會坐牢
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And that became成為 the headline標題 of a Fortune幸運 article文章.
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這則新聞成為該期《財富》報導的頭條
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They went on to describe描述 me as America's美國 greenest環保 CEOCEO.
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他們接著稱我為「美國最環保的公司總裁」
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From plunderer掠奪者 to recovering恢復 plunderer掠奪者,
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從罪魁禍首到洗心革面
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to America's美國 greenest環保 CEOCEO in five years年份 --
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到美國最環保的公司總裁,只花了五年的時間
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that, frankly坦率地說, was a pretty漂亮 sad傷心 commentary評論
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老實而言,對1999當年的美國總裁們
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on American美國 CEOs老總 in 1999.
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那真是一個非常諷刺的評價
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Asked later後來 in the Canadian加拿大 documentary記錄, "The Corporation公司,"
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而後我被加拿大紀錄片公司The Corporation問道
03:01
what I meant意味著 by the "go to jail監獄" remark備註,
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我所謂"坐牢"是什麼意思?
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I offered提供 that theft盜竊 is a crime犯罪.
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我指出竊盜是一種罪行
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And theft盜竊 of our children's兒童 future未來 would someday日後 be a crime犯罪.
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而竊取我們孩子的未來在將來也必定成為一種罪名
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But I realized實現, for that to be true真正 --
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但我瞭解這必定成真
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for theft盜竊 of our children's兒童 future未來 to be a crime犯罪 --
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偷竊孩子的未來將被定罪
03:18
there must必須 be a clear明確, demonstrable論證 alternative替代
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今日必需要有一個明瞭的解決之道
03:21
to the take-make-waste採取-使廢物 industrial產業 system系統
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對於我們這個"取得資源,做成商品,再被拋棄"的工業制度
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that so dominates佔主導地位 our civilization文明,
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該制度同時支配著我們的現代社會
03:27
and is the major重大的 culprit罪魁禍首, stealing偷竊行為 our children's兒童 future未來,
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是偷竊我們幼苗未來的最大元兇
03:30
by digging挖掘 up the earth地球
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藉由開採地球資源
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and converting轉換 it to products製品 that quickly很快 become成為 waste浪費
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並將其轉變為一下子就被丟進垃圾場
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in a landfill垃圾填埋場 or an incinerator焚燒爐 --
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或焚化爐的廢物
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in short, digging挖掘 up the earth地球 and converting轉換 it to pollution污染.
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簡而言之,剝削地球資源並將其轉成污染源
03:43
According根據 to Paul保羅 and Anne安妮 Ehrlich埃利希
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根據保羅及安‧赫里克
03:45
and a well-known知名 environmental環境的 impact碰撞 equation方程,
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和一個舉世皆知的環境影響方程式
03:48
impact碰撞 -- a bad thing --
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負面的影響,這是我們所不想要的
03:50
is the product產品 of population人口, affluence富裕 and technology技術.
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等於人口乘上財富乘上科技
03:54
That is, impact碰撞 is generated產生 by people,
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也就是說,負面影響是人為造成的
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what they consume消耗 in their affluence富裕,
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人們用他們的財產消費
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and how it is produced生成.
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即對環境產生了影響
04:03
And though雖然 the equation方程 is largely大部分 subjective主觀,
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雖然這個方程式非常主觀
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you can perhaps也許 quantify量化 people, and perhaps也許 quantify量化 affluence富裕,
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但也許你可以將人口量化、甚至將財富量化
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but technology技術 is abusive濫用的 in too many許多 ways方法 to quantify量化.
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但科技被大量地濫用以至於無法以數值呈現
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So the equation方程 is conceptual概念上的.
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所以這個方程式是一個概念
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Still it works作品 to help us understand理解 the problem問題.
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協助我們了解整個問題
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So we set out at Interface接口, in 1994,
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所以我們Interface在1994年開始著手
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to create創建 an example:
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創造一個榜樣
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to transform轉變 the way we made製作 carpet地毯,
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轉變我們製造地毯的方式
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a petroleum-intensive石油密集 product產品 for materials物料 as well as energy能源,
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一個不論是材料或能源消耗來說皆大量依靠石油的產品
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and to transform轉變 our technologies技術
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同時改變我們的技術
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so they diminished減少 environmental環境的 impact碰撞,
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即可減少對環境的衝擊
04:36
rather than multiplied乘以 it.
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而非使其惡化
04:39
Paul保羅 and Anne安妮 Ehrlich's艾氏 environmental環境的 impact碰撞 equation方程:
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保羅和安‧赫里克的環境影響方程式:
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I is equal等於 to P times A times T:
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I(負面影響)等於P乘上A乘上T
04:45
population人口, affluence富裕 and technology技術.
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P為人口、A為財富、T為科技
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I wanted Interface接口 to rewrite改寫 that equation方程 so that it read
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我希望Interface公司改寫它為別種形式:
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I equals等於 P times A divided分為 by T.
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I等於P乘上A除以T
04:57
Now, the mathematically-minded數學頭腦 will see immediately立即
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現在,這個方程式在數學意義上可告訴我們
05:00
that T in the numerator分子 increases增加 impact碰撞 -- a bad thing --
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T在分子的話將會造成負面影響擴大
05:03
but T in the denominator分母 decreases降低 impact碰撞.
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但T在分母的話反倒可以減少負面影響
05:07
So I ask, "What would move移動 T, technology技術,
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所以我便問道"什麼東西可以把T,科技
05:11
from the numerator分子 -- call it T1 --
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從原本的分子,稱之為T1
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where it increases增加 impact碰撞,
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科技將帶來負面影響
05:15
to the denominator分母 -- call it T2 --
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將他改移到分母,稱其為T2
05:18
where it reduces減少 impact碰撞?
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科技就可以減少環境衝擊
05:21
I thought about the characteristics特點
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我想到第一次工業革命
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of first industrial產業 revolution革命,
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的幾個特質
05:27
T1, as we practiced it at Interface接口,
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T1,就如同我們以前在Interface做的
05:30
and it had the following以下 characteristics特點.
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具有下列幾種特性
05:34
Extractive抽出物: taking服用 raw生的 materials物料 from the earth地球.
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開採的:從地球資源中取得原料
05:38
Linear線性: take, make, waste浪費.
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線性的:取得資源,做成商品,再被拋棄
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Powered供電 by fossil化石 fuel-derived衍生自燃料 energy能源.
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用石油當作動力來源
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Wasteful浪費: abusive濫用的 and focused重點 on labor勞動 productivity生產率.
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浪費的: 濫用資源且強調勞動生產率
05:47
More carpet地毯 per man-hour工時.
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工時越長,製造越多地毯越好
05:50
Thinking思維 it through通過, I realized實現 that all those attributes屬性
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思考過後,我了解到為了把T移至分母
05:53
must必須 be changed to move移動 T to the denominator分母.
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必需將這些因素做個改變
05:58
In the new industrial產業 revolution革命 extractive抽出物 must必須 be replaced更換 by renewable可再生;
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在新的工業革命中我們必須用可再生的資源取代原本的原料
06:03
linear線性 by cyclical週期性;
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線性的浪費改為可循環利用
06:05
fossil化石 fuel汽油 energy能源 by renewable可再生 energy能源, sunlight陽光;
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化石燃料必需被可更新能源取代,即太陽能
06:09
wasteful浪費 by waste-free垃圾分類;
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改掉人們揮霍浪費的習慣
06:11
and abusive濫用的 by benign良性;
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不濫用資源、對環境和善
06:13
and labor勞動 productivity生產率 by resource資源 productivity生產率.
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注重資源生產率而非勞動產率
06:17
And I reasoned理由 that if we could make those transformative變革 changes變化,
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我認為只要我們能做到以上這些改變
06:21
and get rid擺脫 of T1 altogether,
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就可以把T1去除
06:23
we could reduce減少 our impact碰撞 to zero,
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將影響減低至零
06:26
including包含 our impact碰撞 on the climate氣候.
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其中也包括對氣候的影響
06:29
And that became成為 the Interface接口 plan計劃 in 1995,
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這就成了Interface1995年的策略
06:32
and has been the plan計劃 ever since以來.
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一直到今日
06:35
We have measured測量 our progress進展 very rigorously嚴格.
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我們每年都詳盡地計算著我們的進展
06:39
So I can tell you how far we have come in the ensuing隨後 12 years年份.
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我可以告訴你我們這十二年來到底做了什麼
06:43
Net greenhouse溫室 gas加油站 emissions排放
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溫室氣體排放量
06:45
down 82 percent百分 in absolute絕對 tonnage噸位.
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每噸下降了82個百分比
06:49
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
06:53
Over the same相同 span跨度 of time
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在同期
06:55
sales銷售 have increased增加 by two-thirds三分之二 and profits利潤 have doubled翻倍.
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銷售量上升了三分之二同時利潤成雙倍成長
06:58
So an 82 percent百分 absolute絕對 reduction減少
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之後八成二的溫室氣體減少量
07:01
translates轉換 into a 90 percent百分 reduction減少
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增加變成減少九成
07:03
in greenhouse溫室 gas加油站 intensity強度 relative相對的 to sales銷售.
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的溫室起體排放量,跟原先相比
07:07
This is the magnitude大小
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這一個數字、這個降幅
07:09
of the reduction減少 the entire整個 global全球 technosphere技術圈
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應該被所有的科技業者體認到
07:12
must必須 realize實現 by 2050
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並且在2050年前實踐
07:15
to avoid避免 catastrophic災難性的 climate氣候 disruption瓦解 --
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以避免氣候的劇變與災難的形成
07:18
so the scientists科學家們 are telling告訴 us.
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這也是科學家告訴我們的
07:21
Fossil化石 fuel汽油 usage用法 is down 60 percent百分 per unit單元 of production生產,
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我們每單位產量降低了六成的化石燃料使用量
07:25
due應有 to efficiencies效率 in renewables可再生能源.
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都歸功於再生能源的使用
07:27
The cheapest最便宜, most secure安全 barrel of oil there is
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世界最便宜、最安全的能源用油
07:30
is the one not used through通過 efficiencies效率.
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是那些因為利用率太低而未被充分使用的原油
07:33
Water usage用法 is down 75 percent百分
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在我們的全球方塊地毯生產工廠中
07:36
in our worldwide全世界 carpet地毯 tile business商業.
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用水量也減少了七十五個百分比
07:38
Down 40 percent百分 in our broadloom闊幅 carpet地毯 business商業,
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在我們1993年開發的廣幅地毯產品製作產線中
07:41
which哪一個 we acquired後天 in 1993
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用水量同樣減少四成
07:43
right here in California加州, City of Industry行業,
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就在這裡,加州,工業重鎮
07:45
where water is so precious珍貴.
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水資源特別貴重的地方
07:48
Renewable可再生 or recyclable可回收 materials物料 are 25 percent百分 of the total, and growing生長 rapidly急速.
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再生材料和可回收材料佔全部的百分之二十五,並快速成長著
07:52
Renewable可再生 energy能源 is 27 percent百分 of our total,
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再生能源佔全部的百分之二十七
07:55
going for 100 percent百分.
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並朝百分之百邁進
07:57
We have diverted改行 148 million百萬 pounds英鎊 --
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我們總共讓一億四千八百萬磅
08:00
that's 74,000 tons --
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也就是七萬四千噸
08:02
of used carpet地毯 from landfills垃圾填埋場,
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的二手地毯,免於被丟進掩埋場的命運
08:05
closing關閉 the loop循環 on material材料 flows流動
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結束了原物料難逃的宿命
08:07
through通過 reverse相反 logistics後勤
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僅僅只靠改變我們的一點想法與邏輯
08:09
and post-consumer消費後 recycling回收 technologies技術
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而使用者回收服務
08:12
that did not exist存在 when we started開始 14 years年份 ago.
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這個我們14年前剛開始時還不存在的東西
08:16
Those new cyclical週期性 technologies技術
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這些新的循環利用政策
08:18
have contributed貢獻 mightily強烈地 to the fact事實 that we have produced生成 and sold出售
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對我們2004年以來
08:21
85 million百萬 square廣場 yards of climate-neutral氣候中立 carpet地毯
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銷售掉8千5百萬平方碼的氣候無害地毯
08:25
since以來 2004,
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有著極大的貢獻
08:27
meaning含義 no net contribution貢獻 to global全球 climate氣候 disruption瓦解
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換句話說,我們沒有對氣候造成更進一步的危害
08:31
in producing生產 the carpet地毯 throughout始終 the supply供應 chain,
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不論是從製造產品到供應鍊方
08:33
from mine and well head clear明確 to end-of-life生命盡頭 reclamation開墾 --
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從礦山、油井開始一直到產品回收利用
08:38
independent獨立 third-party第三方 certified認證.
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並且獲得了公正第三方的認可
08:40
We call it Cool Carpet地毯.
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我們將它命名為"酷冷地毯"
08:43
And it has been a powerful強大 marketplace市井 differentiator微分,
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是一個成功區分市場的產品
08:46
increasing增加 sales銷售 and profits利潤.
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增加了銷售量和利潤
08:48
Three years年份 ago we launched推出 carpet地毯 tile for the home,
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三年前我們開始製造家用方塊地毯
08:52
under the brand Flor弗洛爾,
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以Flor這個品牌名稱
08:54
misspelled拼寫錯誤 F-L-O-RFLOR.
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故意拼成F-L-O-R
08:57
You can point and click點擊 today今天 at Flor弗洛爾.comCOM
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你可以在Flor.com找到相關訊息
08:59
and have Cool Carpet地毯 delivered交付 to your front面前 door in five days.
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同時網路訂購在五天內就可以送到你家門口
09:03
It is practical實際的, and pretty漂亮 too.
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又美又實惠的產品
09:06
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑)
09:07
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
09:13
We reckon估計 that we are a bit over halfway
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我們認為我們的任務進行到了一半
09:15
to our goal目標: zero impact碰撞, zero footprint腳印.
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對於最終目標-不留影響、不留足跡
09:20
We've我們已經 set 2020 as our target目標 year for zero,
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我們希望在2020年達到此一目標
09:23
for reaching到達 the top最佳, the summit首腦 of Mount安裝 Sustainability可持續發展.
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攀上名為"永續經營"的山頂
09:28
We call this Mission任務 Zero.
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我們將其稱為"任務零號"
09:30
And this is perhaps也許 the most important重要 facet:
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該任務是最重要的一個方案
09:33
we have found發現 Mission任務 Zero to be incredibly令人難以置信 good for business商業.
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我們了解到任務零號將可以為商業環境帶來極大的利益
09:37
A better business商業 model模型,
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一個更好的商業模型
09:40
a better way to bigger profits利潤.
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更好的方法以獲取更多的利潤
09:42
Here is the business商業 case案件 for sustainability可持續性.
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這就是讓企業永續經營的辦法
09:45
From real真實 life experience經驗, costs成本 are down, not up,
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從真實經驗看來,成本不升反降了
09:49
reflecting反映 some 400 million百萬 dollars美元
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這反映出我們在追求零污染的同時
09:51
of avoided避免 costs成本 in pursuit追求 of zero waste浪費 --
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節省下了四億元的支出
09:55
the first face面對 of Mount安裝 Sustainability可持續發展.
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這只是永續經營計劃中的其中一面
09:58
This has paid支付 all the costs成本 for the transformation轉型 of Interface接口.
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還順便支付了所有做為Interface轉型的成本
10:02
And this dispels驅散 a myth神話 too,
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也打破了大眾錯誤的迷思-
10:04
this false choice選擇 between之間 the environment環境 and the economy經濟.
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只能在環境保護與經濟發展中擇一
10:08
Our products製品 are the best最好 they've他們已經 ever been,
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這是我們有史以來最棒的產品
10:10
inspired啟發 by design設計 for sustainability可持續性,
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靈感來自永續發展
10:12
an unexpected意外 wellspring源泉 of innovation革新.
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真是一個意想不到的創意泉源
10:16
Our people are galvanized鍍鋅 around this shared共享 higher更高 purpose目的.
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這個更崇高的目標也激勵了我的夥伴們
10:19
You cannot不能 beat擊敗 it for attracting吸引 the best最好 people
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沒有其他更好的核心價值可以吸引人才
10:21
and bringing使 them together一起.
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並且團結整個工作團隊了
10:24
And the goodwill善意 of the marketplace市井 is astonishing驚人.
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市場的好評也出乎我們意料
10:27
No amount of advertising廣告, no clever聰明 marketing營銷 campaign運動,
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不需廣告、不需精心策劃的行銷活動
10:31
at any price價錢, could have produced生成 or created創建
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你原本需要花掉多少資本
10:34
this much goodwill善意.
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才能達到這種廣告效果
10:37
Costs成本, products製品, people, marketplaces交易市場 --
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成本、產品、員工、市場
10:39
what else其他 is there?
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還有什麼沒涵蓋到的主題?
10:41
It is a better business商業 model模型.
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這的確是一個更佳的商業模型
10:43
And here is our 14-year-年 record記錄 of sales銷售 and profits利潤.
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這是我們十四年來銷售量和利潤的記錄
10:48
There is a dip there, from 2001 to 2003:
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在2001年至2003年間有下滑的趨勢
10:51
a dip when our sales銷售, over a three-year三年 period,
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我們的銷售量在那三年間
10:53
were down 17 percent百分.
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下降了17個百分比
10:55
But the marketplace市井 was down 36 percent百分.
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但總體市場環境下降了36個百分比
10:58
We literally按照字面 gained獲得 market市場 share分享.
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這樣看來,我們市場佔有率反倒提高了
11:00
We might威力 not have survived倖存 that recession不景氣
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如果沒有以上這些優勢
11:03
but for the advantages優點 of sustainability可持續性.
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我們可能就無法在景氣蕭條時倖存下來
11:06
If every一切 business商業 were pursuing追求 Interface接口 plans計劃,
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如果每家企業都像Interface般追求永續發展
11:10
would that solve解決 all our problems問題?
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那麼我們的問題會被解決嗎?
11:12
I don't think so.
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我不認為如此
11:14
I remain troubled苦惱 by the revised修訂 Ehrlich埃利希 equation方程,
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我對修改過的赫里克方程持保留態度
11:17
I equals等於 P times A divided分為 by T2.
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I等於P乘上A除以T2
11:21
That A is a capital首都 A,
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這裡的A是大寫的A
11:23
suggesting提示 that affluence富裕 is an end結束 in itself本身.
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代表財富是人們追求的目標
11:28
But what if we reframed重新定義 Ehrlich埃利希 further進一步?
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但如果我們再多改寫一點赫里克方程式呢?
11:32
And what if we made製作 A a lowercase小寫 'a'一個,'
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如果我們把大A改成小寫的a
11:35
suggesting提示 that it is a means手段 to an end結束,
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代表財富是我們達到目標的手段之一
11:37
and that end結束 is happiness幸福 --
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只不過那目標是"快樂"
11:40
more happiness幸福 with less stuff東東.
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多點快樂、少點東西
11:43
You know that would reframe重構 civilization文明 itself本身 --
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你知道那將會顛覆我們整個現代社會
11:46
(Applause掌聲) --
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(掌聲)
11:54
and our whole整個 system系統 of economics經濟學,
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和我們所有的經濟系統
11:57
if not for our species種類, then perhaps也許 for the one that succeeds成功 us:
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就算不是為了人類也是為了那些繼承人類的物種
12:03
the sustainable可持續發展 species種類, living活的 on a finite有限 earth地球,
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他們可以永續生存,一同生活在這顆行星上
12:06
ethically道德, happily高高興興 and ecologically生態
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合乎道德地、幸福美滿地、環保地
12:09
in balance平衡 with nature性質
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與自然和諧共處
12:11
and all her natural自然 systems系統 for a thousand generations,
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並繁衍下去,產下數千代
12:14
or 10,000 generations --
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或萬代子子孫孫
12:16
that is to say, into the indefinite不定 future未來.
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瓜瓞綿綿,無窮無盡
12:19
But does the earth地球 have to wait for our extinction滅絕 as a species種類?
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但地球會等到我們人類滅絕之後嗎?
12:24
Well maybe so. But I don't think so.
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很可能吧,但我才不這麼想
12:27
At Interface接口 we really intend打算 to bring帶來 this prototypical原型
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在Interface我們打算把這種永續觀點
12:30
sustainable可持續發展, zero-footprint零空間佔用 industrial產業 company公司
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零足跡的工業模範
12:33
fully充分 into existence存在 by 2020.
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在2020年之前實踐
12:36
We can see our way now,
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我們可看見我們的道路
12:38
clear明確 to the top最佳 of that mountain.
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將直通永續經營的山頂
12:40
And now the challenge挑戰 is in execution執行.
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而如今最大的挑戰在於執行
12:43
And as my good friend朋友 and adviser顧問 Amory艾默里 Lovins洛文斯 says,
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就如同我的好友兼顧問阿默莉‧蘿芬所言
12:46
"If something exists存在, it must必須 be possible可能."
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如果某樣東西存在,那它就是有可能實現的
12:50
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑)
12:53
If we can actually其實 do it, it must必須 be possible可能.
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如果我們可以做到,那就有可能成真
12:56
If we, a petro-intensive石油密集型 company公司 can do it, anybody任何人 can.
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如果我們,一個石化密集產業的公司可以達成,那每家公司都可以達成
13:00
And if anybody任何人 can, it follows如下 that everybody每個人 can.
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又如果每家公司都可以做到,也就是說每個人都可以做到
13:04
Hawken霍肯 fulfilled完成 business商業 and industry行業,
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霍肯成功地為工商業指派了新任務
13:07
leading領導 humankind人類 away from the abyss深淵
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帶領人們走出環境污染的深淵
13:11
because, with continued繼續 unchecked未選中 decline下降 of the biosphere生物圈,
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如果再這樣不知節制地破壞生物圈
13:16
a very dear person is at risk風險 here --
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那麼我們最愛的人將會被曝露在危險之中
13:19
frankly坦率地說, an unacceptable不可接受 risk風險.
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坦白說,一個大災難
13:21
Who is that person?
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那人是誰?
13:23
Not you. Not I.
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不是你,不是我。
13:25
But let me introduce介紹 you to the one who is most at risk風險 here.
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讓我告訴你是誰會曝露其中
13:28
And I myself met會見 this person in the early days of this mountain climb.
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我前幾天在爬山的時候遇到他
13:32
On a Tuesday星期二 morning早上 in March遊行 of 1996,
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在1996年三月的某個星期二的早晨
13:36
I was talking to people, as I did at every一切 opportunity機會 back then,
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我正在跟其他人講話,那是我的習慣
13:39
bringing使 them along沿 and often經常 not knowing會心 whether是否 I was connecting.
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把我的想法告訴他們,雖然我並不知道我們正建立起某種關連
13:43
But about five days later後來 back in Atlanta亞特蘭大,
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但我回到亞特蘭大的五天左右以後
13:46
I received收到 an email電子郵件 from Glenn格倫 Thomas托馬斯,
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我收到一封電子郵件,是葛蘭‧湯馬士寄來的
13:49
one of my people in the California加州 meeting會議.
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我曾經在加州開會時的遇過他
13:51
He was sending發出 me an original原版的 poem
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他送給我一首自己寫的詩
13:53
that he had composed after our Tuesday星期二 morning早上 together一起.
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是他在禮拜二和我一起爬完山之後特別作的
13:56
And when I read it it was one of the most uplifting令人振奮 moments瞬間 of my life.
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當我讀完這首詩,我覺得那是我一生中最振奮的時刻
14:00
Because it told me, by God, one person got it.
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"老天,終於有人了解了。"我這樣想
14:04
Here is what Glenn格倫 wrote. And here is that person, most at risk風險.
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以下是葛蘭所寫的內容,曝露在危險之中的人也就是:
14:08
Please meet遇到 "Tomorrow's明天的 Child兒童."
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"未來之子",也就是這首詩的標題
14:12
"Without沒有 a name名稱, an unseen看不見 face面對, and knowing會心 not your time or place地點,
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我不知你的名字,也不認得你的樣貌,更不知道你何時何地出生
14:16
Tomorrow's明天的 child兒童, though雖然 yet然而 unborn腹中,
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未來之子,尚未出生
14:19
I met會見 you first last Tuesday星期二 morn早晨.
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我卻在上禮拜二的早晨遇見你
14:22
A wise明智的 friend朋友 introduced介紹 us two.
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聰明的好友介紹我們兩個認識
14:24
And through通過 his sobering發人深省 point of view視圖
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從他沉重的觀點中
14:26
I saw a day that you would see, a day for you but not for me.
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我看到了未來你將面臨的一天,屬於你的未來而非我的未來
14:31
Knowing會心 you has changed my thinking思維.
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體會到這點改變了我的想法
14:33
For I never had an inkling暗示
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是我從來未考慮過的
14:35
that perhaps也許 the things I do might威力 someday日後,
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或許我現在做的一切
14:38
somehow不知何故 threaten威脅 you.
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在未來可能間接傷害到你
14:41
Tomorrow's明天的 child兒童, my daughter女兒, son兒子,
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未來之子,我的女兒、我的兒子
14:43
I'm afraid害怕 I've just begun開始 to think of you and of your good,
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我太晚才想到你們、以及你們的未來
14:45
though雖然 always having known已知 I should.
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雖然我知道我應該早點考慮到
14:49
Begin開始, I will.
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我會開始實踐
14:51
The way the cost成本 of what I squander揮霍, what is lost丟失,
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補償那些因我揮霍而付出的代價
14:54
if ever I forget忘記 that you
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我忘了你有天
14:56
will someday日後 come and live生活 here too."
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將也會來此並居住生活下來
15:00
Well, every一切 day of my life since以來,
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自從我聽到"未來之子"
15:02
"Tomorrow's明天的 Child兒童" has spoken to me
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之後的每一天生活都銘記在心
15:04
with one simple簡單 but profound深刻 message信息,
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它告訴我們一個簡單但深刻的訊息
15:06
which哪一個 I presume假設 to share分享 with you.
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這也是我想跟你分享的
15:08
We are, each and every一切 one,
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我們是互相且獨立的個體
15:10
a part部分 of the web捲筒紙 of life.
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同時又是這星球上生命圈的一份子
15:13
The continuum連續 of humanity人性, sure, but in a larger sense, the web捲筒紙 of life itself本身.
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是人類的一份子,當然,但從巨觀來看,仍然是地球上的一份子
15:17
And we have a choice選擇 to make
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我們可以選擇
15:19
during our brief簡要, brief簡要 visit訪問
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在我們這極短的人生旅程中
15:21
to this beautiful美麗 blue藍色 and green綠色 living活的 planet行星:
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去加害或幫助
15:25
to hurt傷害 it or to help it.
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這顆美麗、富有活力的藍星
15:28
For you, it's your call.
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對你來說,全看你如何做決定
15:31
Thank you.
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謝謝你們
15:33
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Pei-Jan Hung
Reviewed by Shelley Krishna R. TSANG

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ray Anderson - Sustainable-business pioneer
Ray Anderson founded the company that makes covetable Flor carpeting. But behind the fresh design is a decades-deep commitment to sustainable ways of doing business -- culminating in the Mission Zero plan.

Why you should listen

Ray Anderson founded Interface, the company that makes those adorable Flor carpet tiles (as well as lots of less whizzy but equally useful flooring and fabric). He was a serious carpet guy, focused on building his company and making great products. Then he read Paul Hawken's book The Ecology of Commerce. Something clicked: with his company's global reach and manufacturing footprint, he was in a position to do something very real, very important, in building a sustainable world.

Anderson focused the company's attention on sustainable decisionmaking, taking a hard look at suppliers, manufacturing processes, and the beginning-to-end life cycle of all its products. (For example: If you can't find a place to recycle a worn or damaged Flor tile, Interface invites you to send it back to them and they'll do it for you.) They call this drive Mission Zero: "our promise to eliminate any negative impact our company may have on the environment by the year 2020."

Anderson, who died in August 2011, estimated that since 2001 he'd given more than 1,000 speeches making the business case for sustainability. He often ended his talks with the poem "Tomorrow's Child," written by an Interface employee, Glenn Thomas.

More profile about the speaker
Ray Anderson | Speaker | TED.com

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