Mennat El Ghalid: How fungi recognize (and infect) plants
Менат Ел Галид: Как гъбите откриват (и заразяват) растения
Mennat El Ghalid research aims to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal biology and pathogenicity. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
counting nearly four billion trees,
кестен, наброяваща почти 4 млд. дървета,
by a fungal infection.
pathogens of plants,
патогени на растения,
economic importance.
икономическа важност.
with fungal infection
гъбични инфекции,
per year, worldwide?
на световно ниво?
to feed half a billion people.
калории да засити 1/2 милиард хора.
in developing countries,
развиващи се страни,
for farmers and distributors,
фермери и дистрибутори,
poison produced by fungi.
отрова, произвеждана от гъбите.
used to prevent and treat
превенция и лечение
exploiting natural sources of resistance,
природни източници на устойчивост,
treatment, among others,
на семената, сред други,
to develop more efficient strategies
развием по-ефективни стратегии
to identify biological mechanisms
които да посочат биологичните механизми,
by novel antifungal treatments.
противогъбични лечения.
is that they cannot move
че не могат да се движат
to form a sophisticated network,
образуват сложна мрежа,
the father of plant pathology,
бащата на растителната патология,
that fungi are guided by signals
гъбите се ориентират по сигнали,
it can lodge and subsist,
живее и се храни,
достигнат
of such signals
на такива сигнали
that then serves to elaborate strategy
което ще послужи за изготвяне на стратегия
between the fungus and the plant.
гъбите и растението.
method at that moment
тогава
this mechanism at the molecular level.
на молекулно ниво.
genomic approaches,
геномни подходи,
of directed hyphal growth,
хифален растеж,
that after 130 years,
че след 130 години,
could finally identify such plant signals
идентифицираме такива растителни сигнали,
between a pathogenic fungus
патогенна гъба,
the tomato plant.
доматеното растение.
receiving those signals
получаващ тези сигнали
occurring within the fungus
случваща се в гъбата
toward the plant.
растението.
of such molecular processes
novel antifungal treatments.
на нови антигъбични лечения.
the fungus and the plant
which receives those signals.
която получава тези сигнали.
agriculture crops.
опустошавали агрикултурни посеви.
is increasing significantly.
на култури се увеличава значително.
economic development,
икономическо развитие,
на био горива.
of the molecular mechanism
молекулярните механизми
a fungus and its host plant,
нейното растение приемник -
towards developing more efficient strategy
към развитие на по-ефективна стратегия
that affect people's lives,
които влияят на живота на хората,
икономическо развитие.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mennat El Ghalid - MycologistMennat El Ghalid research aims to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal biology and pathogenicity.
Why you should listen
Mycologist Mennat El Ghalid received an Initial Training Networks - Marie Skłodowska-Curie fellowship to pursue her PhD project in the Molecular Genetics of Fungal Pathogenicity Unit and the International Campus of Excellence in Agrifood CeiA3 at the Universidad de Cordoba (Spain). During her PhD, her former team and herself identified the compounds secreted from the plant roots attracting Fusarium oxysporum, a soilborne plant pathogenic fungus and characterized the underlying mechanisms of attraction. Such compounds were tracked since the 19th century. The discovery was published in the Nature Journal.
El Ghalid became a TED Fellow in 2017 and have been selected as one of the 100 women honorees for OkayAfrica's 2018 #OKAY100Women list for her dedicated work and for being a promising talent within the field of STEM. She is currently working at Institut Pasteur (France) in the Biology and Pathogenicity Unit to study Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogenic fungus and the main cause of fungal infections in immunocompromised humans.
Mennat El Ghalid | Speaker | TED.com